1) The document discusses philosophical reactions to the Industrial Revolution, including the "Iron Law of Wages" which argued workers should only be paid enough to survive and that poverty is due to individual flaws. 2) It also discusses the rise of socialism as critics advocated for more equal distribution of wealth from industrialization. Robert Owen established utopian communities with better working conditions. 3) Karl Marx and Frederick Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto outlining the differences between communism and capitalism, including views on government, people, social conditions, and individual freedom.

1. Class Notes Philosophical Reactions to Industrialization

7. Communism and Capitalism The Communist Manifesto Wealth of Nations Book Karl Marx/Frederick Engels Adam Smith Founders Communism Capitalism