The document outlines a curriculum focused on Philippine literature, emphasizing key literary forms and their characteristics, including fables, legends, myths, and folktales. It discusses the historical context of Philippine literature, its ancient origins, and the significance of oral storytelling in cultural heritage. Activities are provided for students to engage with the material, analyze character traits in legends, and enhance their speaking and listening skills.

1. CEBU NORMAL UNIVERSITY Diploma in Education STORYBOARD Across Culture In Language and Philippine Literatu re Remia L. Ricabar Submitted to: HELEN ISOK BIHAG, LLB., Ed.D. Submitted by: CHRISTYL T. PLAZA

2. OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: Identify the elements of a literary form which distinguishes it from other literary forms; Explain the characteristics of fables, legends, myths, Folktales;

3. Single out events that form the plot of a short story; Distinguish between the language of science and the language of literature; State whether a literary piece affirms, modifies or changes one’s value system.

4. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE DURING THE ANCIENT TIMES ‘ Grateful appreciation is ascribed to the Creator of Heaven and Earth who brought freedom and continued healing to our land.’

6. Philippine is an island country situated in Southeast Asia along the Philippine Sea, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea and South China Sea. The islands were a Spanish colony from the early 1500s. The US controlled the islands in the early 20th century.

7. Ancient Literature Before the Spaniards, our ancestors had already their distinct culture. It was somewhat related in some sense to that of the Malays but empowered through interrelationship with other Asians.

8. According to the early missionaries, the Filipinos had their own alphabet. They wrote on clay, barks of trees, bamboo tubes or other easily destroyed materials, which shows lack of written literature of the time.

9. Knife, pieces of iron or other pointed instruments were used instead of pens. Soot and sap from trees served as ink for writing.

10. Activity No.1 Group the class into 3 members each. Let them discuss about the Philippine Literature in ancient times.

11. The many legends of Mariang Makiling tell of a young woman who lived on the beautiful mountain that separates the provinces of Laguna and Tayabas. Legend of Mariang Makiling -Retold by Jose Rizal

12. The Her dwelling place was never definitely known, because those who had the good luck to deal with her would wander about for a long time lost in the woods, unable to return; neither did they remember the way, nor were they agreed as to the place and its description.

13. Ancient Filipino legends were ways of explaining physical and supernatural forces, which, based on the belief of our ancestors, guided the success and fate of mankind. These were told verbally, either in verse or prose. Appreciating legends

14. Vocabulary Enrichment Use dictionary to define the underlined words below. bright as a golden reliquary _____ _____ _____ _____ She was half nymph , and half sylph. _____ _____ _____ _____

15. Sharing thoughts and Ideas Why was Maria Makiling’s dwelling place never definitely known? How was Maria Makiling described ? How did Maria Makiling deal with people ? What are the evidences that show Maria Makiling’s generosity ?

16. Review what Maria Makiling did in the legend. What do you think are her motives for avoiding people? What did she do to help the poor country folk on the slopes of Makiling? Describing Personal Characteristics

17. From the answers to the questions, you will be able to tell the qualities of Mariang Makiling. Are the qualities you noticed in Mariang Makiling still existing today? Now, think of Mariang Makiling. What character traits would you ascribe to her? Why would you ascribe these qualities to her?

18. In what ways does she contribute to the lives of people in her locality? How does Marian Makiling show her love for other people ? Through your answers to these questions, you have interpreted and described the personal characteristics of people in the story.

19. Activity No.2 The students must be in pair. They are to describe the personal characteristics found in the legend.

20. In olden days when Lanao was still a virgin land, there lived a giant named Umacaan. Umacaan was so huge that he could cook with his right hand in Caloocan and still catch fish with the other in the Masiu River. Legend of Nusa -Retold by Abdullah T. Madale

21. One day two princes, Rajah Indarapatra and Rajah Soliman, from the kingdom of Bumbaran, heard of Umacaan. They set out to slay the man-eater. The giant was able to kill Rajah Soliman, however, he failed to hurt Rajah Indarapatra because the prince had a magic sword.

22. And in the end, Rajah Indarapatra avenged the death of his brother. Today, if you go to Lake Lanao, you will notice small floating islands. These islands are the caly balls Umacaan threw at Rajah Indarapatra.

23. Tales . Long before literature was committed to writing, tales and other similar forms were told. This verbal folk literature forms a heritage that can be compared in favor to the folk literature of the people in the world. Learning More About Legends

24. These tales are classified as myths, fables, and legends. Some were told in verse; others in prose. Practically, all Philippine linguistic groups created for itself wonderful stories. Some attempted to describe the origin of their land, the fruit trees, the peculiar form and behavior or animals and others.

25. Vocabulary Enrichment Get the dictionary meanings of the underlined words below. They set out to slay the man-eater. _____ _____ _____ _____ avenged the death _____ _____ _____ _____

26. A myth is synonymous to story, legend, tale, fairy tale, fable, allegory or parable. These stories in prose--particularly myths--abound to explain the origin of things, the evolution of some folk belief. Appreciating Myths

27. In the beginning, Diwata made the sea and the land and planted trees of many kinds. Then he took two lumps of earth and shaped them like human figures; then he spit on them, and they became man and woman. Origin of the World (Bagobo)

28. Diwata made the sun, the moon, the stars, and the rivers. First, he made the great eel kasili , a fish that is like a snake in the river, and wound I all around the world. Diwata then made the grat crab kayuman , and put it near the great eel, and let it go wherever it liked.

29. When the rain falls, it is Diwata throwing out water from the sky. When Diwata spits, the showers fall. The sun makes yellow clouds and the yellow clouds make the colors rainbow. But the white clouds are smoke from the fire of the gods.

30. Activity No.3 Group the class into 5 members each. Let them act out the legend.

31. There’s a flower in the earth, there’s a flower in the earth that’s growing toward the light Struggling forth from darkness to reach the sunshine bright, It soon will fade away There Is A Flower That Wants To Grow -

32. when the rain on it falls. And the kiss of warm sunshine will bring it back to life. When the northwind blows chill on its leaflets tender, Buds and fruit together all sadly droop and fade

33. Many of the folk songs are inspired by the reaction of the people to their immediate environment. Some share feelings motivated by their work. Sadness and joys of life are clearly represented. Appreciating Folk Songs

34. And its blighted green leaves quickly fall and wither, Just because you cared not nor warmed them with your smile. Emilia S. Reysio-Cruz

35. Vocabulary Enrichment Get the dictionary meanings of the underlined words below. struggling forth from darkness _____ _____ _____ _____ quickly fall and wither _____ _____ _____ _____

36. Sharing thoughts and Ideas How do we compare our lives with that of the flower? What must people do in order to overcome destructive situations in our daily lives? How can we encourage others to live joyfully and successfully?

37. In some cases writers say one thing but they actually mean different things. This is done by comparing different objects. The comparison must not be taken in a literal sense but figuratively. Using Figurative Language

38. As the name suggests, the style provides human characteristics to inanimate objects, making the object human or characterized as a person. Examples: -The flower struggling from darkness -Buds and fruit sadly droop Personification

39. Remember that the first groups of words give a complete thought. These groups of words is called sentence. The second groups of words do not express a complete thought at all. This is called sentence fragment.

40. Distinguishing the sentence from the sentence fragment. Analyze the following groups or words. Which ones express complete thought? There’s a flower in the earth When the rain falls Grammar IDENTIFYING SUBJECT AND PREDICATE

41. The complete subject indicates what or whom the sentence is telling about. -The Filipino; Bridal songs The complete predicate indicates something about the complete subject. -is held by people in high esteem

42. The simple subject serves as key word in the complete subject. It could be a noun or pronoun. The simple predicate serves as key word in the complete predicate. The simple predicate is a verb.

43. The compound subject is made up of two or more subjects, normally joined by a conjunction. The compound predicate is made up of two or more predicates, normally joined by a conjunction.

44. To be an effective listener, consider the following: -Develop a genuine interest in people and things around you -Be considerate -Be attentive Enhancing Listening Skills

45. Activity No.4 Form a small group of 5. Take turns in talking about yourselves. Some interesting topics could be: -Personal data -Family background -Personal interests

46. To be an effective speaker, consider the following: -Act naturally -Be at ease -Initiate Enhancing Speaking Skills

47. In conveying a clear message, correct pitch when speaking is necessary. Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of sound. These are: 4- very high 3- high 2- normal 1- low Using Pitch Correctly

48. Shift refers to abrupt movement of the voice between syllables. This done by raising the voice on the next to the last sentence syllable then dropping abruptly on the last syllable. Oftenly the rise and fall movement of the voice is noticed with the syllable, called glide.

49. Write down your folk song by following the guidelines below: 1.Planning 2. Outlining 3. Improving and Sharing 4. Evaluation and Editing 5. Finalization 6. Sharing Writing a Folk Song

50. Below are some ideal study helps to develop. Allot a specific number of hours Select your most ideal time Select your most ideal place Maintain the cleanliness of your study area Enhancing Research Skills

51. A guide known as SQ3R will help you study more effectively. -Survey -Question -Read -Recite Significance of the SQ3R

52. References: Across Culture In Language and Philippine Literatu re Remia L. Ricabar http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzcXZ6YyaHw&feature=related http://www.google.com.ph/search?tbm=isch&hl=en&source=hp&biw=1360&bih=643&q=ancient+literature

53. -the end- GOD bless!