Literature is defined as any printed material found in books, magazines, or pamphlets that deals with human ideas, thoughts, and emotions, telling the story of humanity. Studying Philippine literature helps people appreciate, understand, realize, and truly love and take pride in their own culture. Some key differences between literature and history are that literature can include fictional events while history recounts things that actually occurred. Pre-Spanish Philippine literature included forms like legends, folk tales, riddles, chants, and proverbs.

1. Prepared by: Sonny Mark Cabang

2. 
Comes from the word “litera” which means
letter.
Any printed matters written within a book, a
magazine or pamphlet.
As a faithful reproduction of man manifold
expression.
Deals with ideas, thought and emotions of man,
literature can be said to be the story of man.
What is Literature?

3. 
Appreciate
Understand
Realized
Truly love and take pride in our own
culture
Why we need to study Philippine
Literature?

4. 
They are closely related
LITERATURE – maybe fragment of the imagination
or events devoid of truth that has been written down.
HISTORY – is made up of events that really happen.
Literature vs History

5. 
Literary Composition that
Influence the World

6. 
 this has became the basis of
Christianity originating from
Palestine and Greece.
1. The BIBLE or The SACRED
WRITINGS

7. 
 the Muslim Bible. Originates from
Arabia.
2. KORAN

8. 
These have been source of myths
and legends of Greece.
They were written by Homer
3. The Iliad and the
Odyssey

9. 
 the longest epic in the world.
 Contains the history and
religion in India
4. The Mahab-harata

10. 
 It depics the religion and
customs of the English in the
early days.
This was originated from
England.
It was written by Chaucer
5. Canterburry Tales

11. 
 written by Harriet Beecher
Stowe of U.S.
 this depicted the sad fate of
slaves; this became the basis of
democracy later on
6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin

12. 
 by Dante of England
 this shows the religion and
customs of early Italians.
7. The Devine Comedy

13. 
 this shows the cultural
characteristics of the Spaniards
and their national history
8. El Cid Compeador

14. 
 this includes Doce Pares and
Roncesvalles of France.
 it tells about the golden age of
Christianity in France
9. The Song of Roland

15. 
 this includes the cult or Osiris
and the mythology and theology
of Egypt.
10. The Book of the Dead

16. 
 this was written by confucious
of China.
 this became the basis of the
Christian Religion.
11. The Book of the
Days

17. 
 from Arab and Persia (Iran).
 it shows the ways of
Government of industries and the
society of the Arab and Persian.
12. One thousand and One
Night or The Arabian Night

18. 
General Types of
Literature

19. 
a. Novel
b. Short Story
c. Plays
d. Legends
e. Fables
f. Anecdotes
g. Essay
h. Biography
i. News
j. oration
PROSE

20. 
Novel – this is a long narrative divided
into chapters. The events are taken
from true-to life stories.
Short Story – this is a narrative
involving one or more characters, one
plot and one single impression.
PROSE

21. 
 Plays – this is presented on a stage, is
divided into acts and each act has
many scenes
 Legends – these are fictitious
narratives usually about origins.
PROSE

22. 
 Fables – these are also fictitious and
they deals with animals and inanimate
things who speak and act like people.
 Anecdotes – these are merely product
of imagination and the main aim is to
bring out lessons to the reader.
PROSE

23. 
 Essay – this expresses the viewpoint
or opinion of the writer about a
particular problem or event.
 Biography – this deals with the life of
a person which may be about himself ,
his autobiography or that of others.
PROSE

24. 
 News – this is a report of everyday
events in society, government, science
and industry, and accidents,
happening nationally or not.
 Oration – this is a formal treatment of
a subject and is intended to be spoken
in public.
PROSE

25. 
NARRATIVE
Epic
Metrical Tale
Ballads
LYRIC
Folk Song
Sonnets
Elegy
Ode
Psalm
Awit (song)
Corridos (Kuridos)
DRAMATIC
Comedy
Melodrama
Tragedy
Farce
Social Poems
POETRY

26. 
 Legends
 are a form of prose the common theme which is
about the origin of a thing, place, location or
name.
 Folk Tales
 are made up of stories about life, adventure, love,
horror and humor where one can derive lessons
about life.
Pre-Spanish Literature

27. 
 Riddles (Bugtong or Palaisipan)
 these are made up one or more measured lines
with rhyme and may consist of four to twelve
syllables.
 Chants (Bulong)
 Used in witchcraft or enchantment
 Proverbs and Sayings
 Often used in teasing or to comment on a person’s
actuations