The phases of the moon are caused by the changing angle between the Earth, moon and sun. As the moon orbits the Earth, different portions of its surface are illuminated by the sun, appearing as crescent, gibbous, quarter or full phases. Eclipses occur when one celestial body blocks the light of another, causing its shadow to fall on the moon or Earth. There are two types of eclipses - lunar, where the Earth casts its shadow on the moon, and solar, where the moon passes between the Earth and sun.