This document describes the Health Optimizing Physical Education (HOPE) model, which aims to help students develop lifelong physical activity habits for health. It establishes the need for HOPE by reviewing evidence that many children are inactive and overweight. HOPE is based on a social ecological framework and involves multiple program strands delivered through physical education classes, intramurals, and community partnerships. Properly implementing HOPE requires physical education teacher collaboration within and outside of schools to support students' physical activity.

1. Michael W. Metzler , Thomas L. McKenzie , Hans van der
Mars , Shannon L. Barrett-Williams & Rebecca Ellis (2013)
Health Optimizing Physical Education (HOPE): A New
Curriculum for School Programs—Part 1: Establishing the
Need and Describing the Model, Journal of Physical
Education, Recreation & Dance.
Annie Machamer & Karl Zang

2. Type of, purpose of study/paper,
theoretical framework/background
• Type: Compilation of Literature that supports HOPE
• Purpose: to describe a version of a CSPAP called Health Optimizing
Physical Education (HOPE), including the need for HOPE, major learning
outcomes, its theoretical foundation, and program content.
• “There is a growing consensus that the overall goal of physical education
programs in P-12 schools should be to teach children and youths the
knowledge, skills, and dispositions to lead an active, healthy lifestyle” (pg.
41).
• Teachers are unaware of what a CSPAP may look like and need education
on models that can meet this

3. Background and significance of study…
what did it report to add?
• Goal: the HOPE curriculum model is used to help P-12 students acquire
knowledge and skills for lifelong participation in physical activity for
optimal health benefits.
• Review over
– The evidence based need for HOPE
– Theoretical foundation for hope
– Program Strands in HOPE
– How much HOPE is needed
– Teacher Expertise and Collaboration for HOPE

4. Evidence Based Needs
• More and more evidence based research on children and youth needing
to be more active
• More than one-third of adults and 17% of youth in the United States are obese,
although the prevalence remained stable between 2003-2004 and 2009-2010; no
significant change for 2011-2012 (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, and Flegal, 2014).
• The two main goals for physical education to optimize health
contributions were identified as (1) preparing youths for a lifetime of
physical activity and (2) providing them with sufficient physical activity
during physical education classes. (pg. 42)
• Additional time spent in physical activity spent under supervision of a
trained person leads to improvement in skills, and improvement in skills
lead to more involvement in physical activity.

5. Theoretical Foundation
• Multilevel physical activity intervention
– Social ecological model
• P.E. teachers to actively engage in school policy
decisions that effect physical activity and eating
habits
• Entire school should be creating environment
that promotes being physically active and eating
healthy, not just P.E. department

6. Findings/Main arguments
• Increased amounts of physical activity is needed in
elementary and secondary school aged children
• Adults and the community as a whole need to encourage
children to be more physically active
• “There is substantial evidence to suggest that physical
activity can affect cognitive skills, attitudes, and academic
behavior, as well as help improve academic achievement;
and that increasing or maintaining physical education time
does not adversely affect academic performance.” (p. 43)

7. Conclusions/implications for practice
and/or future research
• Support from outside the P.E. Department to
reach full potential
– School administrators
– Other teachers
– Parents
• P.E. Teachers need collaborative skills
• Properly executed -> higher chance of increasing
students physical activity and health for lifelong
participation

8. Personal Meanings
• CSPAP and HOPE
– Provides understanding and use of model
• Collaboration between coaches and P.E.
teachers
– Community support for being physically active

9. Questions?
• What strands of HOPE would you implement
first?
• Best way to collaborate with non-P.E.
teachers?
• How would you advocate to the community
the need for CSPAP and HOPE?

10. Other References
• Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Kit, B. K., & Flegal,
K. M. (2014). Prevalence of childhood and
adult obesity in the united states, 2011-2012.
Journal of the American Medical Association,
311(8), 806-814.