Personality Development has been the talk of the town and is the most important aspect in one's life. The students tend to develop the attitude when they approach for an interview but it is not so. This is a self-motivated task and the reflection of an individual towards his or her behaviour, character building, intelligence and perception. SWOT Analysis and Johari Window plays a crucial role in determining the potential of the individual in bringing out the backdrop and reflecting the strengths for the career advancement.

1. Mrs. LUBNA SURAIYA MBA., M.Com., DIT., M.Phil., PGDE., (Ph.D)
Full Time Ph. D Research Scholar,
Research Department of Commerce,
Holy Cross College,
Tiruchirappalli - 2
Email id : lubnasadiyah@gmail.com
PERSON TO PERSONALITY
OR
PERSONALITY TO PERSON ?

2. INTRODUCTION : DEFINITION
Personality Development is the development of the organized pattern of
behaviors and attitudes that makes a person distinctive. It occurs by the ongoing
interaction of temperament, character, and environment.
Temperament : The set of genetically determined traits that decide the child's approach
to the world and how the child learns about the world.
Character : The set of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral patterns learned from
experience that determines how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. A person's character
continues to evolve throughout life, although much depends on inborn traits and early
experiences.
Environment : Everything that is around us. It can be living, non-living things, physical,
chemical and other natural forces.

3. ORIGIN OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
1. Started when Homo Sapiens originated.
2. Cavemen drew figures to describe their experiences like hunting.

4. 3. Western Philosophers particularly Greek thinkers questioned about Self and
also Humans.
4. Plato argue that Education = Character Building + Intelligence.

5. 5. Human Potential Movement in 1960s gave birth to philosophies like Human
Psychology and Existentialism.
(a) Emphases on the realization of individual’s potentials.
(b) More open to spiritual perspectives, behaviorism or psychoanalysis.
(c) Encountered groups, team training.
(d) Maslow and Rogers were the part of Human Potential Movement .
ROGER THEORY

6. 6. Chinese became the Superior Man in
terms of peers and followers. They
influenced personal development through
self-discipline, mediations, prayers, and
physical exercise .

7. WHAT IS INCLUDED IN PERSONALITY ?
Positive Attitude
&
Perception
Motivation Team Building
Stress Management Time Management Decision- Making
Self-Esteem
Leadership Communication

8. SIMPLE TEST
Video 1 : Attitude
Q1. What does this image indicate?
Q2. Enemies are fully surrounded , says the soldier to the Commander. What to do?
Q3. Explain how five minus two equal four ?
Q4. Starting from any point and without lifting your pen from your page can you
draw 4 straight lines such that each of the nine dots has at least one line running
through it?

9. GET ANSWERS
Sol 1 :
Sol 2 :
Sol 3 : If you take f and e from five what remains is Roman iv.
Sol 4 :

10. TEAM WORK
ACTIVITY BASED LEARNING
Clapping hands – 1, 2 ,3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Video 2 : The Cart
Video 3: Co-ordination

11. TEAM BUILDING
Teamwork is the collaborative effort of a team to achieve a common goal or
to complete a task in the most effective and efficient way.
BENEFITS OF TEAM BUILDING
 Fosters Creativity
 Teaches Conflict Resolution Skills
 Establishes strong relationships with coworkers
 Encourages Healthy Risk-Taking
 Improve the overall knowledge and skills by sharing
 Share the workload
 Boosts productivity
 Enhance communications skills of members
 Profitable outcomes

12. 1) Poorly-managed team
2) Excessive Competitiveness
3) No Individual Recognition
4) Personal Conflicts
5) No good quality of leadership
6) Lack of proper training
7) Not enough team meetings
8) Employee Turnover or Absenteeism
9) Favoritism
10) Bad Communication
FAILURE FOR TEAM WORK

13. PERCEPTION AND MOTIVATION
Perception is derived from the Latin ”perceptio” is the organization, identification,
and interpretation of sensonary information in order to represent and understand the
presented information, or the environment.
(Video 4 : Perception, Video 5 : Illusions)
MOTIVATION
Derived from the Latin word Movere meaning to “Move”. Internal and
external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested
and committed to a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to attain a goal.
Motivation results from the interaction of both conscious and unconscious factors such
as the
(1) intensity of desire or need
(2) incentive or reward value of the goal and
(3) expectations of the individual and of his or her peers.

14. FACTS ABOUT MOTIVATION
 Goals are Crucial : A large project can be intimidating to work on. Rather than
looking at a massive job, break it down into smaller goals or milestones. The best way
to keep motivation high is to take jobs one bite at a time.
 Give a Reason Why : Someone is working without purpose, they are bound to lose
motivation. “When you feel like quitting think about why you started.”
 Higher incentives do not always lead to better performance : Psychologist Karl
Duncker came up with an exercise in 1945 to test problem-solving skills. The exercise
called ‘The Candle Problem’.

15. FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION
Leadership
Style
Reward
System
SWOT/ TOWS
/SWOC
Analysis
Personal
Life
Non-
monetary
incentives

16. NON-FINANCIAL REWARDS
 Simple “thank you or in written form
 Public appreciation
 Rewarding an employee with a title of a “star of the month
 Vouchers or gifts
 Flexible working arrangements.
 Free or subsidized meals, fruit or drinks.
 Other Fringe Benefits like : Accommodation, Pick and Drop, Health Insurance,
Education, Holiday Package and Training or Professional Development .
PERSONAL LIFE
 Parents / Relatives / Siblings
 Spouse / In-laws
 Friend Circles (Known and unknown)
 Peer Groups or Colleagues

17. SWOT ANALYSIS Johari Window
REWARD SYSTEM
 Salary
 Bonus
 Promotion
 Increment (Mandatory)
 Pay Raise (Based on Performance )
 Sharing Profits

18. CORPORATE CULTRE / LEADERSHIP STYLE
I Authentic Leadership
1) No manipulation
2) Being genuine
3) Recently evolved for scams and scandals
II Democratic / Participative Leadership (Liberty and Freedom)
III Autocratic Leadership (Ultimate Control)
IV Laissez-Faire Leadership
i. Experienced employees
ii. Need little supervision or do not supervise their team members
iii. Fail to provide continuous feedback
iv. Failure to meet deadlines

19. V Bureaucratic Leadership (Procedures and norms )
VI Charismatic Leadership (Inspired by Leaders)
VII Directive Leadership (Guidance )
VIII Transformational Leadership (Change Agent)
IX Transactional Leadership (lead to negative emotions and punishments)
X Supportive Leadership (Highly Approachable)
XI Achievement Oriented Leadership (Goal-Setting)

20. STRESS MANAGEMENT
Stress is mental tension caused by demanding, taxing or burdensome
circumstances.
Stress Management is a process for controlling an individual's level of
stress. The Stress may be purposefully be induced through descriptive type,
emotional sense, situational or critical thinking, based on illusions and logical
thinking.

21. MISTAKES IN INTERVIEW PROCESS
1) What is your current salary?
What salary or overall compensation package are you targeting?
2) Are you pregnant? Are you married? Do you have kids?
Do you foresee any issue being here during work hours, traveling or fulfilling
the job requirements?
3) Have you been convicted of a crime?
Nothing related to a police record.
4) What’s your biggest weakness?
Tell me about a time you saw an opportunity to improve yourself and how you
went about achieving that goal.

22. TOUGH PERSONAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Tell me about yourself in one word.
2. What if I call your Mother a Prostitute?
3. You are driving a car on a wild stormy heavily raining night. You see 3
people waiting in the bus stop.
(a) An old lady who is very sick and is about to die
(b) A very close friend who had once saved your life .
(c) A perfect partner whom you have been dreaming about her for years.
To whom will you offer a ride? Remember there can be only one person in the
car.
4.
Interview a
candidate

23. WHAT DOES THESE IMAGES CONVEY?
Video 6 : Dressing Code for an Interview
Video 7 : Stress Interview in Tamil

24. TYPES OF STRESS
SITUATIONAL STRESS
(emergencies, conflict)
ANTICIPATORY STRESS
(future based)
ENCOUNTER
STRESS (interaction
with others)
TIME STRESS (meeting
deadlines )

25. CAUSES OF STRESS
Work Stress
or
Imbalance in
WLB
Performance
Stress
Illness
Stress
Financial
Stress
Personal
Stress

26. OUTCOMES OF STRESS

27. COPING STRESS
i. Perform diaphragmatic or “Deep Breathing” exercises.
ii. Eliminate artificial stress reducers, like alcohol or smoking.
iii. Eat a well-balanced diet.
iv. Set realistic goals for yourself.
v. Learn to manage your time well.
vi. Adopt good sleep habits.
vii. Try Mindfulness Meditation.
viii. Avoid relationship with people who stress you.
ix. Express your feelings instead of bottling them up.
x. Be willing to compromise.
xi. Create a balanced schedule.
xii. Perfectionism is a major source of avoidable stress.
xiii. Share your feelings to a trusted friends, peer groups and family.

28. TIME MANAGEMENT
“Time is the scarcest resource and unless it is managed nothing else can be
managed”. PETER F. DRUCKER
MEANING
Time Management refers to managing time effectively so that the right time
is allocated to the right activity.

29. PRINCIPLES OF TIME MANAGEMENT
Starts with clear vision and goals
Effective Planning
Apply SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Timely)
Prioritize work
PDCA Cycle (Plan – Do Check – Action) or keep Check-List
Avoid Procrastination
Avoid distractions and interruptions in work
Use a Time Log (Spend more tie on productive activity)
Review Progress regularly
Give importance to family, friends, work load and balance it
Do not fix too many goals and very hard deadlines

30. EFFECTIVE TIME MANAGEMENT
Priority Grid for Time Management Time Management Matrix

31. FACTS ABOUT TIME MANAGEMENT
 80% of "crisis management" events are preventable.
 One hour of planning will save 10 hours of doing.
 60% of meeting attendees take notes to appear as if they are listening.
 20% of the average workday is spent on crucial, 80% is spent little or no value.
 The average worker sends and receives 190 messages per day.
 Productivity apps like RescueTime run on your computer and analyze how much
time you're spending on websites. It generates a daily report and can block distracting
websites to save your time.
 According to American Payroll Association up to 10 minutes per day, per employee,
is lost due to tardiness, long lunches and early departure.
 95% of divorces are caused by a lack of communication because working person
spends less than 2 minutes per day with their spouse.
 10-12 minutes invested in planning your day will save at least 2 hours of wasted time
and effort throughout the day – from “Eat the Frog” by Brian Tracy.

32.  We retain 10% of what we read. We retain 20% of what we hear. We retain 30%
of what we see. We retain 50% of what we hear and see. We retain 70% of what we
say. We retain 90% of what we do.
 80% of employees do not want to go to work on Monday morning.
 By taking 1 hour per day for independent study, 7 hours per week, 365 hours in a
year, one can learn at the rate of a full-time student. In 3–5 years, the average person
can become an expert in the topic of their choice, by spending only one hour per day.
 The average person uses 13 different methods to control and manage their time.
 Time Management leads to creativity.
 70% of employees work beyond scheduled time and on weekends.

33. DECISION- MAKING

34. PROCESS OF DECISION MAKING
Critical Decision Making : Narrating Real life situation