Present study aims to find out the role of flyash and Wollastonite micro-fiber in
obtaining cheap self compacting concrete for pavements. Workability tests (Abrams
flow, V Funnel and J Ring test) have been performed which find out the flow,
passability and segregation resistance of trial mixes. Load transfer efficiency test has
also been performed with successful mixes on a pavement prototype. It was observed,
that both flyash and wollstonite micro-fiber when used alone can’t yield self
compaction, but with microsilica content upto 5% they do so, provided their content is
lesser than 20% each, respectively. Wollastonite reinforced concrete has two times
better load transfer efficiency with respect to normal concrete.
The document discusses testing the flexural strength of concrete. It provides details on the test setup and procedures. The flexural strength test is used to determine a material's ability to resist bending or deformation under a load. The test involves placing a concrete specimen on supporting rollers spaced at specific distances and applying a load through top rollers at the midpoint. The maximum load applied before failure is used to calculate the flexural strength based on the specimen's dimensions and load. Test equipment requirements and specifications are also outlined.
Effect of Nano-Tio2addition on Mechanical Properties of Concrete and Corrosio...IJERA Editor
Concrete science is a multidisciplinary area of research where nanotechnology potentially offers the opportunity to enhance the understanding of concrete behavior, to engineer its properties and to lower production and ecological cost of construction materials. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of nanoTiO2on compressive strength,bond strength and corrosion behavior of reinforcement bars. It has been found that the compressive strength, bond strength and corrosion resistance was increased with increasing nano-TiO2to 1.5wt. % as replacement of cement. Beyond this value, these properties decrease.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of adding admixtures and synthetic polymer fibers to concrete of different strengths. Testing of 54 concrete cylinders showed that the addition of admixtures and fibers increased compressive strength more than reference concrete, allowing a reduction in cement percentage. The highest strengths were achieved with admixture-added concrete, followed by fiber-added and normal concrete. While fibers did not significantly boost strength on their own, the combination of admixtures and fibers promises sustainable, durable concrete structures.
This study investigated the effects of fly ash and glass fiber additions on the properties of concrete. Fly ash was used to replace cement at levels of 30%, 35%, and 40% by volume. Standard M30 concrete without fly ash served as the control. The concrete mixtures also included glass fibers added at levels of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. Testing found that concrete with 35% fly ash replacement and 1% glass fibers exhibited the highest compressive strength at 36.4% above the control and highest splitting tensile strength at 19.7% above the control after 28 days of curing. The study aimed to determine the optimum levels of fly ash and glass fibers for improving concrete properties.
Comparison of Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Glass Fiber Reinforce...ijceronline
Concrete is most widely used construction material in the world. Now-a-days the world is witnessing the construction of more and more challenging and difficult engineering structures. So, the concrete need to possess very high strength and sufficient workability. The world is developing high performance concrete by adding various fibres, admixtures in different proportions. Various fibres like glass, carbon, Poly propylene and aramid fibres provide improvement in concrete properties like tensile strength, fatigue characteristics, durability, shrinkage, impact, erosion resistance and serviceability of concrete. Fibre Reinforced Concrete has found many applications in Civil engineering field. Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) is a recent introduction in the field of concrete technology. GFRC has advantage of being light weight, high compressive strength and flexural strength. To improve the long term durability an Alkali resistance glass fiber reinforced concrete is invented .The aim of the work is to study the properties of the effect of glass fibers as reinforcement in the concrete for different proportions
A study on influence of fly ash and nano silica on strength properties of co...IAEME Publication
The document discusses a study on the influence of fly ash and nano-silica on the strength properties of concrete. Concrete samples were produced by partially replacing cement with 20% and 30% fly ash and 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% nano-silica. The compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of the samples were tested and compared to a control concrete. The results showed that concrete with 20% fly ash and 3% nano-silica replacement achieved the highest strengths. The increased strengths are attributed to improved particle packing and additional binder from the fly ash and nano-silica.
Developments of nano clay particle reinforced plastics are of growing interest towards the
emergence of new materials which enhance optimal utilization of natural resources and particularly of
renewable resources. The effects of nano clay as filler in Basalt–epoxy composite systems on the
tribological properties have been discussed in this article. Basalt fiber reinforced epoxy (BE) composite
finds widespread application in erosive environment due to its several advantages like high wear
resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio and low cost. Experiments were carried out to study the effects
of impingement angle, particle velocity and filler material on the solid particle erosive wear behavior of
BE composite. The erosive wear is evaluated at different impingement angles from 30° to 90° at three
different velocities of 23, 42, & 60 m/s. The erodent used is silica sand with the size range (150 – 280 µm)
of irregular shape. The result shows semi-ductile behavior with maximum erosion rate at 60°
impingement angle. It is observed that wear rate increases with increasing particle velocity and
decreases with increases of filler percentage. The morphology of the eroded surfaces was examined by
using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
This document discusses a roller electrospinning system for producing nanofibers at higher rates than traditional needle electrospinning. The researchers tested polyurethane solutions with varying concentrations of lithium chloride salt. Adding salt increased the solution's viscosity and conductivity. Higher salt concentrations led to higher spinning performance up to 3 g/min/m and increased fiber diameters. The roller electrospinning system was able to efficiently produce nanofibers at an industrial scale.
The document discusses testing the flexural strength of concrete. It provides details on the test setup and procedures. The flexural strength test is used to determine a material's ability to resist bending or deformation under a load. The test involves placing a concrete specimen on supporting rollers spaced at specific distances and applying a load through top rollers at the midpoint. The maximum load applied before failure is used to calculate the flexural strength based on the specimen's dimensions and load. Test equipment requirements and specifications are also outlined.
Effect of Nano-Tio2addition on Mechanical Properties of Concrete and Corrosio...IJERA Editor
Concrete science is a multidisciplinary area of research where nanotechnology potentially offers the opportunity to enhance the understanding of concrete behavior, to engineer its properties and to lower production and ecological cost of construction materials. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of nanoTiO2on compressive strength,bond strength and corrosion behavior of reinforcement bars. It has been found that the compressive strength, bond strength and corrosion resistance was increased with increasing nano-TiO2to 1.5wt. % as replacement of cement. Beyond this value, these properties decrease.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of adding admixtures and synthetic polymer fibers to concrete of different strengths. Testing of 54 concrete cylinders showed that the addition of admixtures and fibers increased compressive strength more than reference concrete, allowing a reduction in cement percentage. The highest strengths were achieved with admixture-added concrete, followed by fiber-added and normal concrete. While fibers did not significantly boost strength on their own, the combination of admixtures and fibers promises sustainable, durable concrete structures.
This study investigated the effects of fly ash and glass fiber additions on the properties of concrete. Fly ash was used to replace cement at levels of 30%, 35%, and 40% by volume. Standard M30 concrete without fly ash served as the control. The concrete mixtures also included glass fibers added at levels of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. Testing found that concrete with 35% fly ash replacement and 1% glass fibers exhibited the highest compressive strength at 36.4% above the control and highest splitting tensile strength at 19.7% above the control after 28 days of curing. The study aimed to determine the optimum levels of fly ash and glass fibers for improving concrete properties.
Comparison of Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Glass Fiber Reinforce...ijceronline
Concrete is most widely used construction material in the world. Now-a-days the world is witnessing the construction of more and more challenging and difficult engineering structures. So, the concrete need to possess very high strength and sufficient workability. The world is developing high performance concrete by adding various fibres, admixtures in different proportions. Various fibres like glass, carbon, Poly propylene and aramid fibres provide improvement in concrete properties like tensile strength, fatigue characteristics, durability, shrinkage, impact, erosion resistance and serviceability of concrete. Fibre Reinforced Concrete has found many applications in Civil engineering field. Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) is a recent introduction in the field of concrete technology. GFRC has advantage of being light weight, high compressive strength and flexural strength. To improve the long term durability an Alkali resistance glass fiber reinforced concrete is invented .The aim of the work is to study the properties of the effect of glass fibers as reinforcement in the concrete for different proportions
A study on influence of fly ash and nano silica on strength properties of co...IAEME Publication
The document discusses a study on the influence of fly ash and nano-silica on the strength properties of concrete. Concrete samples were produced by partially replacing cement with 20% and 30% fly ash and 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% nano-silica. The compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of the samples were tested and compared to a control concrete. The results showed that concrete with 20% fly ash and 3% nano-silica replacement achieved the highest strengths. The increased strengths are attributed to improved particle packing and additional binder from the fly ash and nano-silica.
Developments of nano clay particle reinforced plastics are of growing interest towards the
emergence of new materials which enhance optimal utilization of natural resources and particularly of
renewable resources. The effects of nano clay as filler in Basalt–epoxy composite systems on the
tribological properties have been discussed in this article. Basalt fiber reinforced epoxy (BE) composite
finds widespread application in erosive environment due to its several advantages like high wear
resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio and low cost. Experiments were carried out to study the effects
of impingement angle, particle velocity and filler material on the solid particle erosive wear behavior of
BE composite. The erosive wear is evaluated at different impingement angles from 30° to 90° at three
different velocities of 23, 42, & 60 m/s. The erodent used is silica sand with the size range (150 – 280 µm)
of irregular shape. The result shows semi-ductile behavior with maximum erosion rate at 60°
impingement angle. It is observed that wear rate increases with increasing particle velocity and
decreases with increases of filler percentage. The morphology of the eroded surfaces was examined by
using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
This document discusses a roller electrospinning system for producing nanofibers at higher rates than traditional needle electrospinning. The researchers tested polyurethane solutions with varying concentrations of lithium chloride salt. Adding salt increased the solution's viscosity and conductivity. Higher salt concentrations led to higher spinning performance up to 3 g/min/m and increased fiber diameters. The roller electrospinning system was able to efficiently produce nanofibers at an industrial scale.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental investigation on the strength and durability of concrete when using a combination of steel fiber, glass fiber, and fly ash. Various concrete mixes were prepared by replacing cement with different percentages (0-30%) of fly ash and adding different volumes (0-1.5%) of steel and glass fibers. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and workability of the mixes were then tested. The results showed that compressive strength reached its highest when cement was replaced with 10% fly ash and 1.5% fibers were added. Split tensile strength was maximized with 10% fly ash and 1.2% fibers. Flexural strength increased the most with
Study of Cement Concrete By Replacement of Cement with Various Pozzolanic Mat...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on cement concrete with partial replacement of cement by various pozzolanic materials (slag, silica fume, pulverized quartz powder) and micro Fe2O3. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast with cement replaced at 4-20% by the pozzolanic materials to determine the optimum replacement. Quaternary concrete with 16% replacement of cement in equal parts by the three pozzolanic materials was also studied. Penta blended concrete with addition of 0.5-2.5% micro Fe2O3 to the quaternary mix was tested. Test results found that concrete with 16% quaternary cement blend and 2%
Performance of Self Compacting High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SCHSFRC)IOSR Journals
In this experimental study the changes on some mechanical properties of self compacting concrete
specimen produced by silica fume, metakaolin, fly ash and steel fibers were investigated. The main objective of
this is to obtain ductile Self Compacting High Strength Concrete (SCHSC) which flows under its own weight
and homogeneity while completely filling any formwork and passing around congested reinforcement. The Self
Compacting High Strength Concrete produced by using silica fume, metakaolin, fly ash, steel fibers and
Polycarboxylatether base superplasticizer. Three types of steel fibers were used in the experiments and volume
fractions of steel fiber were 0.5% to 4.0 %. Addition of silica fume, metakaolin and fly ash into the concrete
were 2.5 %, 2.5 % and 10 % by weight of cement content respectively. Water/cement ratio was 0.29.
Compressive strength and split tensile strength tests were made on hardened concrete specimens.
This document summarizes a research study that investigated the dry sliding wear behavior of epoxy composites filled with different weight percentages of bone powder and reinforced with E-glass and jute fibers. Samples were fabricated with 0%, 10%, and 15% bone powder content. Tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc apparatus under varying loads, velocities, and sliding distances. The results showed that wear resistance initially increased then decreased with higher bone powder content. Surface analysis using SEM correlated wear mechanisms with test results. The study aimed to understand the effect of bone powder filler on wear characteristics of these hybrid fiber composites.
Strength of Concrete Containing Basalt FibreIJERA Editor
This document discusses the effects of adding basalt fiber to concrete at different percentages (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) on the compressive and split tensile strength of the concrete. Cubes and cylinders were cast from M40 grade concrete mixes containing different amounts of basalt fiber. Testing at 28, 56, and 90 days found that compressive and split tensile strength increased up to 1% basalt fiber content but decreased at 1.5%. The 1% basalt fiber mix performed best, demonstrating that basalt fiber can improve concrete strength up to an optimal level.
The document discusses the effect of different water retaining curing techniques on the compressive strength of M30 grade self-compacting concrete (SCC). Four curing methods are compared: immersion curing (used as the control method), polyethylene film wrap curing, curing with a compound, and dry curing. Compressive strength tests were conducted on concrete cubes at ages of 3, 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. The results found that polyethylene film curing achieved 95% of the strength from immersion curing at 28 days, while curing with a compound achieved 92% of immersion curing strength. Dry curing yielded the lowest compressive strengths. In summary, the document examines the compress
IRJET- Strength and Durability Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete for...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on the strength and durability properties of high-volume fly ash concrete for M40 grade. Fly ash was used to replace cement at rates of 40%, 50%, and 60% by weight. Tests were performed to determine the compressive strength, flexural strength, and chloride ion permeability of the different mixes. The results showed that while early-stage compressive strength decreased with higher fly ash content, later-stage strengths improved. Flexural strength also decreased with more fly ash initially but improved over time. Permeability testing found that chloride ion penetration decreased as fly ash content increased, improving durability. In conclusion, high-volume fly ash concrete showed potential for structural applications by providing comparable or improved properties to
Conventional Concrete by using Basalt FiberIRJET Journal
This document investigates the effect of adding basalt fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete. Basalt fiber is added in volumes ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% of the total concrete volume. Experimental results show that:
1) The addition of basalt fiber up to 0.3% volume fraction improves the compressive and flexural strength of concrete compared to conventional concrete without fiber. The highest strengths were observed at 0.3% fiber content.
2) There is a negligible influence of basalt fiber addition on the splitting tensile strength of concrete.
3) Concrete with 0.3% basalt fiber content showed the best performance with a 12.34% and 12.94
This document summarizes research into the effects of adding synthetic fibers like glass, nylon, and polypropylene fibers on the mechanical properties of mortars. The researchers tested mortar composites containing different fiber types and contents at varying fiber lengths. They found that adding nylon and polypropylene fibers increased the compressive and flexural strength of the mortar composites, while glass fibers decreased compressive strength slightly. Tensile strength was also improved to a lesser extent by fiber addition. Increasing fiber length and content provided further strength improvements, but glass fiber had little effect on tensile properties. Nylon fiber mortar composites exhibited the most promising mechanical strengths for uses like partitions and ceilings.
This document presents the results of a case study on the strength properties of partially replaced recycled aggregate and steel fibers in nominal concrete. Concrete cubes and beams were cast with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Steel fiber dosages of 0%, 5%, and 10% by volume were used. Compressive strength of cubes and flexural strength of beams were tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive and flexural strengths generally increased from 7 to 28 days. Strengths also generally increased with the addition of steel fibers up to 10% replacement of natural aggregate with recycled aggregate. Adding steel fibers to recycled aggregate concrete improved energy absorption and decreased crack widths under loading.
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...ijsrd.com
This document discusses a study on the effect of silica fume on the properties of macro polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. The study replaces cement with silica fume at percentages of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and adds polypropylene fibers at percentages of 0%, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.60%, and 1.0% by weight of cement. The concrete mixes will be tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, and durability at 7 days and 28 days. Previous literature found that polypropylene fibers can increase flexural strength and silica fume increases compressive strength. The goal of this study is to determine a mix that provides maximum strengths
The Journal of MC Square Scientific Research is published by MC Square Publication on the monthly basis. It aims to publish original research papers devoted to wide areas in various disciplines of science and engineering and their applications in industry. This journal is basically devoted to interdisciplinary research in Science, Engineering and Technology, which can improve the technology being used in industry. The real-life problems involve multi-disciplinary knowledge, and thus strong inter-disciplinary approach is the need of the research.
Study and Analysis on Mechanical and Wear Behavior of SiC Filled Epoxy Compositepaperpublications3
Abstract: Silicon carbide possesses ample reinforcing potential to be used as a filler material in polymer matrix composites. Successful fabrication of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles is possible by simple hand-lay-up technique. These composites possess very low amount of porosity and improved micro-hardness, also it provide slightly superior tensile, flexural and inter-laminar shear strengths than those of the neat epoxy. This study reveals that silicon carbide possesses good filler characteristics as it improves the sliding wear resistance of the polymeric resin. Dry sliding wear characteristics of these composites have been gainfully analysed using a design-of-experiment approach based on Taguchi method. The analysis of experimental results shows that factors like filler content, sliding velocity and normal load, in this sequence, are identified as the significant factors affecting the specific wear rate of the composites under investigation. The silicon carbide-epoxy composites fabricated and experimented upon in this investigation are found to have adequate potential for a wide variety of applications particularly in wear prone environment. When wear is not the predominant degrading factor, epoxy without silicon carbide can be recommended. However, the weight fraction of filler in the composite is to be decided from the view point of required strength. If the place of use is hostile with sliding wear situations, then silicon carbide epoxy composites are to be preferred due to their fairly good wear resistance. Use of these composites may be suggested in applications like engineering structures in dusty environment and low cost building materials in desert.
Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Glass and Jute Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Com...IJERD Editor
Glass Fiber reinforced composites are emerging as a potential material for a wide variety of
industrial applications owing to their good combination of physical and mechanical properties. In recent
decades, glass fiber composites parts are widely used as sliding components in different engineering
applications. Due to the legitimate theoretical and practical importance, the study of tribological performance of
these emerging materials becomes highly decisive. In the present research initiative, two type of reinforcements
are selected there are Glass and jute fibers with matrix of epoxy 551 was used for composite specimen
preparation. The frictional and wear characteristics of the developed composites have been studied under
different sliding conditions. From the results it is conclude that jute is more efficient in improving the
tribological Performance of glass-epoxy composites than the raw glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF SIC FILLED HYBRID COMPOSITES USING TA...IAEME Publication
The document presents an experimental study on the wear behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) filled hybrid composites using the Taguchi method. Three types of hybrid composites with 10% SiC by weight were tested - glass fiber reinforced with epoxy and jute, sisal, or rubber. Pin-on-disk testing was conducted according to a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, with speed, load, material, and distance as factors. Material was found to be the most influential factor on wear rate, followed by load. The 10% SiC glass fiber-rubber-epoxy composite showed the lowest wear rate at 300 rpm speed, 40N load, and 75m distance. SEM images showed wear of
This study evaluated the effect of calcium nitrite as a corrosion inhibitor in quarry dust concrete. Concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders were cast with 0-4% calcium nitrite additions. Strength tests at 3, 7, and 28 days showed maximum improvements of 8.75% in compression, 5.26% in splitting tension, and 3.53% in flexure at 2% calcium nitrite. Impressed voltage and rapid chloride permeability tests indicated corrosion initiation was delayed up to 288 hours and permeability decreased up to 97.87% at 2% addition. Weight loss measurements also showed maximum corrosion resistance at 2% calcium nitrite. The study demonstrated that quarry dust concrete with 2% calcium nitrite exhibited improved strength and
6.a review on wear behaviour of clutch plate made of peek composite materialEditorJST
The conventional clutch plate made of carbon fiber and ceramic mixture of copper, iron, tin bronze,
silicon dioxide, and/or graphite, typical alloy is a lamellar pearlitic gray iron like G11H20b of which, it can be
replaced by developing of new materials for reducing the wear rate of the clutch plate the materials chosen is
Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK) based composites mixed with silicon carbide powder shows better results in
which it can be manufactured by the injection moulding process and it is tested in Friction and wear experiment
wear run under constant temperature in a pin-on-disc arrangement, PEEK and its composites used in this
investigated the friction coefficient decreases with the increasing load on PEEK. The composite showed a very
low friction coefficient and wear rate increase in the normal applied load sliding distance decreases wear rate.
Further the wear and friction behaviour decreases with increases the gradually by addition of fillers.
Durability studies on high strength high performance concreteIAEME Publication
This document discusses a study on the durability of high-strength, high-performance concrete (HPC). The study examined the influence of aggregate gradation, cement content, microsilica, and superplasticizer on the durability of HPC. Tests were performed to determine the initial surface absorption, water absorption, sorptivity, and chloride ion permeability of different HPC mixes. The results indicate that for a given microsilica content, there is an optimal superplasticizer dosage that yields the best durability results, and this dosage increases with increasing microsilica. Mixes with the same powder content but higher cement content exhibited lower absorption and permeability. The study emphasizes the complex interrelationships between cement, microsilica
Strength and behaviour of sifcon with different types of fibersIAEME Publication
The document summarizes an experimental study on the strength and behavior of slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) with different types of fibers. Cube, cylinder and beam specimens were tested with steel and polypropylene fibers at 4%, 5%, and 6% volume. Compression, split tensile, and flexural tests were conducted at 7 and 28 days. Results showed that specimens with 5% fiber volume had the highest strengths for both steel and polypropylene fibers. Strengths generally decreased with 6% fiber volume. Polypropylene fiber was found to reduce crack width and density compared to steel fiber.
This document describes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced blended concrete. In phase 1, ordinary Portland cement is partially replaced with metakaolin and dolomite at various percentages to determine the optimum mix. In phase 2, hybrid fibers of steel and carbon fibers are added at different percentages. In phase 3, the optimum mineral admixtures and fiber mix from phases 1-2 are used to test the mechanical properties of the blended concrete. Tests include compression, splitting tensile, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days to evaluate the concrete.
Investigation on Strength and Light Transmittance of Translucent concrete wit...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the strength and light transmittance of translucent concrete with and without foundry sand. First, the optimum percentage of foundry sand replacement for fine aggregate was determined through compressive strength testing of mixtures containing 20-50% foundry sand, finding 30% replacement to be optimum. Specimens of translucent concrete (TC), TC with 30% foundry sand (TCF), and TC with silane-treated optical fibers and 30% foundry sand (TCFS) were cast and tested for 7-day and 28-day compressive strength and light transmittance. The TCFS mixture achieved 29.6 MPa compressive strength with little change in light transmittance, showing
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of using electrically precipitated fly ash (EPFA) as a partial replacement for cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC). The study tested SCC mixes with 0-30% EPFA replacement at 5% intervals. Tests were conducted on fresh properties, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like rapid chloride permeability and water sorptivity. Results showed that 20% EPFA replacement provided better results than the control SCC mix, improving properties while also providing economic and environmental benefits through reduced cement usage.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental investigation on the strength and durability of concrete when using a combination of steel fiber, glass fiber, and fly ash. Various concrete mixes were prepared by replacing cement with different percentages (0-30%) of fly ash and adding different volumes (0-1.5%) of steel and glass fibers. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and workability of the mixes were then tested. The results showed that compressive strength reached its highest when cement was replaced with 10% fly ash and 1.5% fibers were added. Split tensile strength was maximized with 10% fly ash and 1.2% fibers. Flexural strength increased the most with
Study of Cement Concrete By Replacement of Cement with Various Pozzolanic Mat...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on cement concrete with partial replacement of cement by various pozzolanic materials (slag, silica fume, pulverized quartz powder) and micro Fe2O3. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast with cement replaced at 4-20% by the pozzolanic materials to determine the optimum replacement. Quaternary concrete with 16% replacement of cement in equal parts by the three pozzolanic materials was also studied. Penta blended concrete with addition of 0.5-2.5% micro Fe2O3 to the quaternary mix was tested. Test results found that concrete with 16% quaternary cement blend and 2%
Performance of Self Compacting High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SCHSFRC)IOSR Journals
In this experimental study the changes on some mechanical properties of self compacting concrete
specimen produced by silica fume, metakaolin, fly ash and steel fibers were investigated. The main objective of
this is to obtain ductile Self Compacting High Strength Concrete (SCHSC) which flows under its own weight
and homogeneity while completely filling any formwork and passing around congested reinforcement. The Self
Compacting High Strength Concrete produced by using silica fume, metakaolin, fly ash, steel fibers and
Polycarboxylatether base superplasticizer. Three types of steel fibers were used in the experiments and volume
fractions of steel fiber were 0.5% to 4.0 %. Addition of silica fume, metakaolin and fly ash into the concrete
were 2.5 %, 2.5 % and 10 % by weight of cement content respectively. Water/cement ratio was 0.29.
Compressive strength and split tensile strength tests were made on hardened concrete specimens.
This document summarizes a research study that investigated the dry sliding wear behavior of epoxy composites filled with different weight percentages of bone powder and reinforced with E-glass and jute fibers. Samples were fabricated with 0%, 10%, and 15% bone powder content. Tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc apparatus under varying loads, velocities, and sliding distances. The results showed that wear resistance initially increased then decreased with higher bone powder content. Surface analysis using SEM correlated wear mechanisms with test results. The study aimed to understand the effect of bone powder filler on wear characteristics of these hybrid fiber composites.
Strength of Concrete Containing Basalt FibreIJERA Editor
This document discusses the effects of adding basalt fiber to concrete at different percentages (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) on the compressive and split tensile strength of the concrete. Cubes and cylinders were cast from M40 grade concrete mixes containing different amounts of basalt fiber. Testing at 28, 56, and 90 days found that compressive and split tensile strength increased up to 1% basalt fiber content but decreased at 1.5%. The 1% basalt fiber mix performed best, demonstrating that basalt fiber can improve concrete strength up to an optimal level.
The document discusses the effect of different water retaining curing techniques on the compressive strength of M30 grade self-compacting concrete (SCC). Four curing methods are compared: immersion curing (used as the control method), polyethylene film wrap curing, curing with a compound, and dry curing. Compressive strength tests were conducted on concrete cubes at ages of 3, 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. The results found that polyethylene film curing achieved 95% of the strength from immersion curing at 28 days, while curing with a compound achieved 92% of immersion curing strength. Dry curing yielded the lowest compressive strengths. In summary, the document examines the compress
IRJET- Strength and Durability Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete for...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on the strength and durability properties of high-volume fly ash concrete for M40 grade. Fly ash was used to replace cement at rates of 40%, 50%, and 60% by weight. Tests were performed to determine the compressive strength, flexural strength, and chloride ion permeability of the different mixes. The results showed that while early-stage compressive strength decreased with higher fly ash content, later-stage strengths improved. Flexural strength also decreased with more fly ash initially but improved over time. Permeability testing found that chloride ion penetration decreased as fly ash content increased, improving durability. In conclusion, high-volume fly ash concrete showed potential for structural applications by providing comparable or improved properties to
Conventional Concrete by using Basalt FiberIRJET Journal
This document investigates the effect of adding basalt fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete. Basalt fiber is added in volumes ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% of the total concrete volume. Experimental results show that:
1) The addition of basalt fiber up to 0.3% volume fraction improves the compressive and flexural strength of concrete compared to conventional concrete without fiber. The highest strengths were observed at 0.3% fiber content.
2) There is a negligible influence of basalt fiber addition on the splitting tensile strength of concrete.
3) Concrete with 0.3% basalt fiber content showed the best performance with a 12.34% and 12.94
This document summarizes research into the effects of adding synthetic fibers like glass, nylon, and polypropylene fibers on the mechanical properties of mortars. The researchers tested mortar composites containing different fiber types and contents at varying fiber lengths. They found that adding nylon and polypropylene fibers increased the compressive and flexural strength of the mortar composites, while glass fibers decreased compressive strength slightly. Tensile strength was also improved to a lesser extent by fiber addition. Increasing fiber length and content provided further strength improvements, but glass fiber had little effect on tensile properties. Nylon fiber mortar composites exhibited the most promising mechanical strengths for uses like partitions and ceilings.
This document presents the results of a case study on the strength properties of partially replaced recycled aggregate and steel fibers in nominal concrete. Concrete cubes and beams were cast with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Steel fiber dosages of 0%, 5%, and 10% by volume were used. Compressive strength of cubes and flexural strength of beams were tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive and flexural strengths generally increased from 7 to 28 days. Strengths also generally increased with the addition of steel fibers up to 10% replacement of natural aggregate with recycled aggregate. Adding steel fibers to recycled aggregate concrete improved energy absorption and decreased crack widths under loading.
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...ijsrd.com
This document discusses a study on the effect of silica fume on the properties of macro polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. The study replaces cement with silica fume at percentages of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and adds polypropylene fibers at percentages of 0%, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.60%, and 1.0% by weight of cement. The concrete mixes will be tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, and durability at 7 days and 28 days. Previous literature found that polypropylene fibers can increase flexural strength and silica fume increases compressive strength. The goal of this study is to determine a mix that provides maximum strengths
The Journal of MC Square Scientific Research is published by MC Square Publication on the monthly basis. It aims to publish original research papers devoted to wide areas in various disciplines of science and engineering and their applications in industry. This journal is basically devoted to interdisciplinary research in Science, Engineering and Technology, which can improve the technology being used in industry. The real-life problems involve multi-disciplinary knowledge, and thus strong inter-disciplinary approach is the need of the research.
Study and Analysis on Mechanical and Wear Behavior of SiC Filled Epoxy Compositepaperpublications3
Abstract: Silicon carbide possesses ample reinforcing potential to be used as a filler material in polymer matrix composites. Successful fabrication of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles is possible by simple hand-lay-up technique. These composites possess very low amount of porosity and improved micro-hardness, also it provide slightly superior tensile, flexural and inter-laminar shear strengths than those of the neat epoxy. This study reveals that silicon carbide possesses good filler characteristics as it improves the sliding wear resistance of the polymeric resin. Dry sliding wear characteristics of these composites have been gainfully analysed using a design-of-experiment approach based on Taguchi method. The analysis of experimental results shows that factors like filler content, sliding velocity and normal load, in this sequence, are identified as the significant factors affecting the specific wear rate of the composites under investigation. The silicon carbide-epoxy composites fabricated and experimented upon in this investigation are found to have adequate potential for a wide variety of applications particularly in wear prone environment. When wear is not the predominant degrading factor, epoxy without silicon carbide can be recommended. However, the weight fraction of filler in the composite is to be decided from the view point of required strength. If the place of use is hostile with sliding wear situations, then silicon carbide epoxy composites are to be preferred due to their fairly good wear resistance. Use of these composites may be suggested in applications like engineering structures in dusty environment and low cost building materials in desert.
Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Glass and Jute Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Com...IJERD Editor
Glass Fiber reinforced composites are emerging as a potential material for a wide variety of
industrial applications owing to their good combination of physical and mechanical properties. In recent
decades, glass fiber composites parts are widely used as sliding components in different engineering
applications. Due to the legitimate theoretical and practical importance, the study of tribological performance of
these emerging materials becomes highly decisive. In the present research initiative, two type of reinforcements
are selected there are Glass and jute fibers with matrix of epoxy 551 was used for composite specimen
preparation. The frictional and wear characteristics of the developed composites have been studied under
different sliding conditions. From the results it is conclude that jute is more efficient in improving the
tribological Performance of glass-epoxy composites than the raw glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF SIC FILLED HYBRID COMPOSITES USING TA...IAEME Publication
The document presents an experimental study on the wear behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) filled hybrid composites using the Taguchi method. Three types of hybrid composites with 10% SiC by weight were tested - glass fiber reinforced with epoxy and jute, sisal, or rubber. Pin-on-disk testing was conducted according to a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, with speed, load, material, and distance as factors. Material was found to be the most influential factor on wear rate, followed by load. The 10% SiC glass fiber-rubber-epoxy composite showed the lowest wear rate at 300 rpm speed, 40N load, and 75m distance. SEM images showed wear of
This study evaluated the effect of calcium nitrite as a corrosion inhibitor in quarry dust concrete. Concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders were cast with 0-4% calcium nitrite additions. Strength tests at 3, 7, and 28 days showed maximum improvements of 8.75% in compression, 5.26% in splitting tension, and 3.53% in flexure at 2% calcium nitrite. Impressed voltage and rapid chloride permeability tests indicated corrosion initiation was delayed up to 288 hours and permeability decreased up to 97.87% at 2% addition. Weight loss measurements also showed maximum corrosion resistance at 2% calcium nitrite. The study demonstrated that quarry dust concrete with 2% calcium nitrite exhibited improved strength and
6.a review on wear behaviour of clutch plate made of peek composite materialEditorJST
The conventional clutch plate made of carbon fiber and ceramic mixture of copper, iron, tin bronze,
silicon dioxide, and/or graphite, typical alloy is a lamellar pearlitic gray iron like G11H20b of which, it can be
replaced by developing of new materials for reducing the wear rate of the clutch plate the materials chosen is
Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK) based composites mixed with silicon carbide powder shows better results in
which it can be manufactured by the injection moulding process and it is tested in Friction and wear experiment
wear run under constant temperature in a pin-on-disc arrangement, PEEK and its composites used in this
investigated the friction coefficient decreases with the increasing load on PEEK. The composite showed a very
low friction coefficient and wear rate increase in the normal applied load sliding distance decreases wear rate.
Further the wear and friction behaviour decreases with increases the gradually by addition of fillers.
Durability studies on high strength high performance concreteIAEME Publication
This document discusses a study on the durability of high-strength, high-performance concrete (HPC). The study examined the influence of aggregate gradation, cement content, microsilica, and superplasticizer on the durability of HPC. Tests were performed to determine the initial surface absorption, water absorption, sorptivity, and chloride ion permeability of different HPC mixes. The results indicate that for a given microsilica content, there is an optimal superplasticizer dosage that yields the best durability results, and this dosage increases with increasing microsilica. Mixes with the same powder content but higher cement content exhibited lower absorption and permeability. The study emphasizes the complex interrelationships between cement, microsilica
Strength and behaviour of sifcon with different types of fibersIAEME Publication
The document summarizes an experimental study on the strength and behavior of slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) with different types of fibers. Cube, cylinder and beam specimens were tested with steel and polypropylene fibers at 4%, 5%, and 6% volume. Compression, split tensile, and flexural tests were conducted at 7 and 28 days. Results showed that specimens with 5% fiber volume had the highest strengths for both steel and polypropylene fibers. Strengths generally decreased with 6% fiber volume. Polypropylene fiber was found to reduce crack width and density compared to steel fiber.
This document describes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced blended concrete. In phase 1, ordinary Portland cement is partially replaced with metakaolin and dolomite at various percentages to determine the optimum mix. In phase 2, hybrid fibers of steel and carbon fibers are added at different percentages. In phase 3, the optimum mineral admixtures and fiber mix from phases 1-2 are used to test the mechanical properties of the blended concrete. Tests include compression, splitting tensile, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days to evaluate the concrete.
Investigation on Strength and Light Transmittance of Translucent concrete wit...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the strength and light transmittance of translucent concrete with and without foundry sand. First, the optimum percentage of foundry sand replacement for fine aggregate was determined through compressive strength testing of mixtures containing 20-50% foundry sand, finding 30% replacement to be optimum. Specimens of translucent concrete (TC), TC with 30% foundry sand (TCF), and TC with silane-treated optical fibers and 30% foundry sand (TCFS) were cast and tested for 7-day and 28-day compressive strength and light transmittance. The TCFS mixture achieved 29.6 MPa compressive strength with little change in light transmittance, showing
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of using electrically precipitated fly ash (EPFA) as a partial replacement for cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC). The study tested SCC mixes with 0-30% EPFA replacement at 5% intervals. Tests were conducted on fresh properties, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like rapid chloride permeability and water sorptivity. Results showed that 20% EPFA replacement provided better results than the control SCC mix, improving properties while also providing economic and environmental benefits through reduced cement usage.
Self compacting mortars of binary and ternary cementitious blendingIAEME Publication
This document discusses experimental research on self-compacting mortars with binary and ternary cementitious blends containing metakaolin and fly ash. Fifteen self-compacting mortar mixes were prepared with varying percentages of cement replacement using metakaolin and fly ash, along with water-to-binder ratios of 0.32, 0.36, and 0.40. The fresh properties of the mortar mixes such as mini-slump flow and setting time were evaluated. Test results showed that ternary blends containing both metakaolin and fly ash improved the fresh properties and rheology of the mortar mixes compared to those with only binary blends. The mini-slump cone test was
Hence, it can be concluded concrete prepared with 3% NS and 6%
SF combination can be recommended for the structural applications. The increase in the strength
properties of concrete is due to the availability of additional binder in the presence of NS and SF.
The improved durability property of concrete is due to proper packing of NS and SF particles results
in reduction in voids and leading to dense concrete.
Pervious concrete is a concrete composite material consisting of coarse
aggregate, cement and water. Because of the absence of fine aggregate in the mixture,
the aggregates are bonded together at its points of contact by cement paste, resulting
in a high percentage of interconnected voids that, when functioning correctly, permit
the rapid percolation of water through the concrete. In this work, polypropylene
monofilament and fibrillated fibres are selected as raw materials in three varying
percentage. 0.2% of fiber is added by the total volume of concrete and a new method
for determining the permeability of pervious concrete that provides better design
methodology is used. The experimental test values of permeability are discussed and
validated using Avizo software. The mix design is done for the water to binder ratio of
0.30. Coarse aggregate of 10 mm and 4.75 mm are selected in order to reduce the
void content as per the ACI 522R-06 codal provision. The addition of polypropylene
fibers shows enhancement in mechanical properties of the pervious concrete as
expected
Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concreteijtsrd
Concrete is one of the most important materials in the construction world. In the present scenario, due to the various industrialization, especially in the urban areas, the demand of construction work increases progressively. Due to which there is very high demand of concrete. So, it is very important to improve the durability and properties of concrete. For this there are various admixtures which are partially replaced with the cement like fly ash, slag, silica fumes, rice husk etc. However, in the present situation, Nano technology comes as a very faithful approach for improving the strength and durability of the concrete. In this project, M30 concrete is used and we use Nano silica of size 236nm as a partial replacement in concrete. Nano silica enters into the pores of the concrete and sets early due to which the permeability and strength of concrete are improved. An experimental analysis has been done by replacing the cement with Nano silica by increasing its percentage as 0.5 , 1 , 2 and 3 b.w.c. The results show that with increase in amount of Nano silica, the compressive strength increases up to 3 , however, if amount of Nano silica goes beyond 3 , the compressive strength of concrete starts decreasing. In these experimental tests, there are 10 cubes prepared with the sample and tested at 7 and 28 days. Bhupender | Sunil Kumar | Vikram "Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28090.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/28090/effect-of-nano-silica-on-the-compressive-strength-of-concrete/bhupender
STRENGTH AND PERMEABILITY STUDIES ON CONCRETE WITH NANO-CEMENTIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on the strength and permeability of concrete with nano-cement. Nano-cement was produced by grinding regular Portland cement in a high-energy ball mill to reduce particle size to the nano scale. Concrete mixtures with 0-50% replacement of cement with nano-cement were tested. Testing found that compressive strength increased with higher nano-cement content. Permeability decreased with nano-cement content, indicating nano-cement produces a denser, less permeable concrete. The nano-cement particles filled pores and reduced permeability compared to regular cement concrete.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
IRJET- A Review: Effect of Carbon Fiber on Different Mixes of ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document reviews research on the effect of adding carbon fibers to concrete mixes. It summarizes several studies that tested how different percentages of carbon fiber content affected the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of various concrete grades. The studies found that carbon fibers increased strength properties like compressive strength by up to 2%, flexural strength by up to 45%, and tensile strength by up to 11%. Higher fiber contents of 0.75-1.0% produced the largest improvements in strength, especially at later curing periods of 14-28 days. Carbon fibers improved durability, cracking resistance, and other concrete properties.
Comparatives study of M20 grade conventional concrete pavement with M20 grade...IJSRD
This document presents a study comparing M20 grade conventional concrete pavement to M20 grade polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete pavement with varying percentages of quarry dust and fly ash admixtures. Concrete mixes were prepared with polypropylene fiber from 1-3% with quarry dust from 0.1-0.3%, and polypropylene fiber from 1-4% with fly ash from 0.1-0.4%. Testing found that compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths increased with both mixtures as fiber and admixture percentages increased. The optimum dosages were determined to be 3% fiber with 0.3% quarry dust, and 4% fiber with 0.4% fly ash
IRJET - 7Effect of Natural Fibre on the Strength Properties of ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effects of adding natural fibers like coir and kenaf to concrete mixtures on the strength properties of the concrete. It describes an experimental study where concrete mixtures were prepared with different volume fractions of coir fiber, kenaf fiber, and hybrid mixtures of both. The results showed that concrete with 0.3% coir fiber content exhibited the highest compressive strength of 38.12 MPa, over 70% greater than the control mixture. Concrete with 0.75% kenaf fiber content showed the best mechanical properties overall. Additionally, a hybrid mixture with 0.45% kenaf and 0.3% coir fibers increased flexural strength by 36%, split tensile strength by 27%,
Some Studies on Strength Properties of Tetra Blended Concrete with Partial Re...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on the strength properties of concrete with partial cement replacement using various pozzolanic materials and micro Al2O3 powder. Cement in the concrete mixes was replaced with slag, silica fume, pulverized quartz powder, and micro Al2O3 powder individually and in combinations. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes were tested at 7 and 28 days. It was found that the tetra blended concrete mix with 16% replacement of cement with pozzolanic materials (slag, silica fume, pulverized quartz powder) and 1% micro Al2O3 powder yielded the highest compressive strength
Study of Mechanical Properties in SCC by Blending Cement Partially With Fly A...IJSRD
The development of self-compacting concrete has been one of the most important materials in the modern building industry. The purpose of this concrete concept is to decrease the risk due to human factor. The use of SCC is spreading worldwide because of its very attractive properties. In the present investigation Blended SCC is the one in which some percentage of cement content used for the concrete is replaced by any of the mineral admixtures. Here, the present study to development of blended self-compacting concrete by replaced in the mineral admixtures using Fly ash 0-30% and metakaolin 0-30% as the weight of cement. Study the rheological properties and mechanical properties of developed blended SCC mixes in the laboratory condition and different curing ages. In recent years, many researchers have established that the use of supplementary cementatious materials (SCMs) like blast furnace slag, silica fume, metakaolin (MK), fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) etc. can, not only improve the various properties of concrete both in its fresh and hardened states, but also can contribute to economy in construction costsruning.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
The document investigates the effects of silica fume and fly ash on the flexural strength of roller compacted concrete. Tests found that using fly ash alone decreased 28-day flexural strength while silica fume alone slightly increased it. However, using silica fume and fly ash together resulted in higher flexural strength than either additive alone or the control mixture. The maximum 28-day flexural strength of 4.53 MPa was achieved with a mixture of 85% OPC, 10% fly ash, and 5% silica fume.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE REINFORCED CONCRETEIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. Specifically, it examines how adding polypropylene fibers in varying percentages by weight of cement (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 1.65%, 1.85%, and 2%) affects the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete. The document outlines the materials and methods used, including casting concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders to test under compression and bending. The results showed that adding polypropylene fibers up to 1.65% improved the strength and ductility of the concrete compared to conventional concrete without fibers.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE REINFORCED CONCRETEIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. Specifically, it examines how adding polypropylene fibers in varying percentages by weight of cement (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 1.65%, 1.85%, and 2%) affects the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete. The document outlines the materials and methods used, including casting concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders to test under compression and bending. The results showed that adding polypropylene fibers up to 1.65% improved the strength and ductility of the concrete compared to conventional concrete without fibers.
FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE - A COMPARATIVE EXPER...Journal For Research
Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is concrete containing fibrous material which increases its structural integrity. It contains short discrete fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. The most important advantages are hindrance of macro-cracks’ development, delay in micro-cracks’ propagation to macroscopic level. In this project the flexural properties were studied for concrete prepared using different hybrid fibre combinations of glass fibres and polypropylene fibres. The volume fraction of the glass fibres and polypropylene fibres used in this study are 0.4% and 0.5% of total volume of concrete. The flexural properties were studied using centre point loading method on beam specimens. The objective of this study is to evaluate flexural strength of fibre reinforced concrete with respect to different combination of glass fibres and polypropylene fibres. It is observed that quantity of fibres both glass fibres and polypropylene fibres play significant role in increment flexural properties of concrete.
This document provides an introduction and overview of self-compacting concrete (SCC). It discusses the development of SCC, focusing on its origins in Japan in response to a shortage of skilled construction workers. The key properties of SCC including its ability to flow and fill formwork without segregation under its own weight are described. Testing methods used to evaluate the workability and passing ability of fresh SCC are outlined. Some advantages of SCC including easier placement and reduced need for vibration and labor are also mentioned.
The document discusses the effects of micro silica particle size and dosage on the compressive strength of concrete. 240 concrete cube specimens were made with micro silica particle sizes of 20, 45, 90, 125, and 250 microns and replacement levels of cement of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Testing found that compressive strength increased as particle size decreased and was highest for 20 micron particle size and 20% cement replacement. The optimum strength was 42% higher than the control mix at 28 days. Smaller particle size provides a greater surface area and allows better accommodation in the cement porous structure.
IRJET - Experimental Study of Cement And Fly Ash with Poly Propylene FiberIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the use of fly ash and polypropylene fibers in concrete. Concrete samples were created with varying percentages of cement replaced by fly ash (0-40%) and varying percentages of polypropylene fibers added (0.1-0.4%). The samples were then tested to determine their compressive strength at various ages (3, 7, 14, 28 days). The results showed that compressive strength generally increased with the addition of up to 0.3% polypropylene fibers. Compressive strength also initially decreased but then increased again with the partial replacement of cement with fly ash, up to 30% fly ash. The maximum compressive strength of 36.63 MP
Similar to PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF FLYASH AND WOLLASTONITE MICRO-FIBER IN OBTAINING SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE MIXES (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
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ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
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Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
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The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming industries, including healthcare, by integrating digital,
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2. Performance Comparison of Flyash and Wollastonite Micro-Fiber in Obtaining Self Compacting
Concrete Mixes
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 138 editor@iaeme.com
account of rich concrete, and hence can increase the fatigue life of pavement quality concrete
to a large scale. Flyash, along with micro silica has been successfully utilized in past for
obtaining self compacting concrete (15, 16, 17). In order to check the use of micro-fibers;
specifically Wollastonite micro-fibers in present study, the strength and performance of these
micro-fibers reinforced concrete in combination with micro silica was compared with those of
flyash-micro silica admixed self compacting concrete. Wollastonite micro-fibers has been
found to effect the matrix pore structure and enhance the ductility, compressive strength as
well as flexural strength of concrete (18).
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1. Materials Used
Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) 43 grade conforming to Indian standard code IS 8112-1995
was used. It showed retention of 3% on 45 micron sieve. Wollastonite micro-fiber (WMF)
having average length of 0.03mm, diameter 1.82µ and thus an aspect ratio of 16.5, obtained
from Wolkem India Limited was used. It showed no retention on 45µ sieve. Flyash supplied
by National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Ghaziabad was used. It showed
approximately 15% retention on 45 micron sieve. Micro silica was supplied by Elkem India.
Sand used for the study was obtained locally from Haridwar. Coarse aggregates of maximum
size 20 mm were obtained from a local quarry in Haridwar.
2.2. Physical and Chemical Analysis of Materials
Particle size analysis was performed by using Ankersmid laser based analyzer. Figure 1
clearly illustrates that microsilica is finest among all considered powdery materials followed
by WMF, fly ash and cement respectively. The largest fraction found for microsilica, OPC,
flyash and WMF are 0.145, 20.055, 25.705 and 1.830 microns respectively. Microsilica used
in the present work comprised more than 50 percent of particle size in the range of 0.087-.05
microns and 9.639 microns for flyash. This interpretation clearly infers that WMF used was
median size to both microsilica and OPC and hence, an excellent interlocking within these
particles is anticipated physically. It is also clearly depicted that OPC used for the study,
exhibits particle sizes comparable to flyash as revealed by the presence of secondary peak in
Figure 1. Peak patterns analysis suggests that fly ash and OPC have nearly same size range
but from the prolonged post peak profile of fly ash, it is learnt that there are numerous
fraction of flyash those are even larger in size than OPC particles.
Surface area is an important parameter which decides the reactivity and water adsorption
tendency of a given volume of material. Table 1 provides the results obtained from Blaine’s
air permeability test on cement, and BET permeability test on WMF, flyash and microsilica.
The results prove that microsilica is the finest among all, followed by WMF, flyash and OPC
respectively. If one compares the degree of fineness of microsilica, WMF and fly ash with
OPC, they are in the order of 60, 2.8 and 1.3 times finer than OPC respectively.
3. Shashi Kant Sharma, SandeepPanchal, Amrit Kumar Roy and Mohd. Mohsin Khan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 139 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 1 Percentage sizes of various particles
Table 1 Specific Surfaces and Specific Gravity of Materials Used in the Study
Material Specific surface (sq.
m/Kg)
Specific
Gravity
Percentage of oxides
SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 MgO SO3 CaO
OPC 298 3.15 20.2 5.2 3 1.51 2.2 62.9
WMF 827 2.9 48 1.4 0.6 0.2 - 45.9
Flyash 380 2.52 35 26 8.7 5 3 15.3
Microsilica 18000 2.05 92.9 0.9 0.72 0.57 0.16 1.4
Table 1 also shows the specific gravity of cementitious materials, tested using Le
Chatelier flask. The results clearly show, that Microsilica offers the lowest value of specific
gravity followed by fly ash, Wollastonite micro-fiber and OPC respectively. The specific
gravity of admixtures affects the flowability of fresh concrete, along with their viscosity in
the paste form. Hence, it could be said that mixes prepared with microsilica would have
tendency to achieve better flow, followed by flyash, WMF and plain OPC respectively. Table
1 shows the quantitative results of the amount of oxides present in cement and other
admixtures, as has been found through X ray fluorescence spectrometer test when conducted
in accordance with IS: 12803.
Flyash contains least percentage of lime and least silica and highest alumina whereas
WMF has largest percentage of lime. Microsilica has largest amount of silica. This suggests
that initial hydration products (CSH and CH) would be maximum in WMF and flyash
followed by microsilica. There size is smaller than OPC so initial hydration rate could be
higher (this also depends on their mineral nature i.e. crystalline, glassy or amorphous). Since
WMF is inert crystalline in nature, therefore flyash would have nearly same hydration rate as
WMF. Though microsilica induces secondary hydration, but since its size is very small and
its mineral nature is very reactive (amorphous), therefore it starts secondary hydration very
early, at the same time when the initial hydration of flyash and WMF is going on.
2.3. Blended Cement Proportions
The testing program aimed at sequentially finding out the ambiguities related with the use of
admixtures and Wollastonite micro-fiber in self compacting concrete. For this one control
mix and 45 cement substituted mixes were prepared. The mixes were classified into binary
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.10
0.17
0.30
0.51
0.88
1.51
2.60
4.47
7.70
13.25
22.80
39.23
67.52
116.21
200.00
344.21
592.39
1,019.52
1,754.61
3,000.00
Quantity(%)
Particle size (microns)
Microsilica
Cement
Flyash
Wollastonite
micro fiber
4. Performance Comparison of Flyash and Wollastonite Micro-Fiber in Obtaining Self Compacting
Concrete Mixes
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 140 editor@iaeme.com
and ternary. Binary mixes were made by substituting cement with Flyash and Wollastonite
(up to 30% replacement of cement with each respectively), in intervals of 10%. For ternary
combinations, the mixes were prepared such that Wollastonite and Flyash had same
replacement levels and Microsilica was added maximally up to 10% in addition for each mix,
at intervals of 2.5% respectively. Then testing was performed on 12 ternary mixes of C-F-S
as well as C-W-S.
2.4. Mix Designation and Testing of Concrete Specimens
A control concrete mix was developed in accordance with Indian Roads Congress
specification-IRC 44 for a flexural strength of 45 Kg/sq. cm. Flow trials were conducted to
achieve SCC by changing the binder content of the control concrete mix (by admixing); then
correspondingly changing the fine aggregate to coarse aggregate ratio along with
superplasticizer content at a constant water to cementitious material ratio of 0.37.
Superplasticizer was added to fulfil the water demand for creating self-compacting
conditions. Like control concrete, SCC testing was performed in two forms: fresh and dry. In
the fresh state, Abrams flow, V funnel, J ring, probe ring tests were conducted on the SCC
trial mixes, whereas control concrete was subjected to only Abrams flow test. Concrete
volume of 6 litres was used for Abrams flow test and J ring test, whereas 12 litres of concrete
volume was used for V funnel test. Probe ring test was conducted by pouring concrete in
cylindrical moulds (150ɸ×300mm). Finally the best cost effective mix showing good
workability was tested for its performance with a constructed prototype having 6 ton of
concrete (DLC 100mm+ PQC 300mm), and contained a contraction joint, with dowel bars of
38 mm for load transference. The panel size is 1800×1800×300 mm3
, dowel bars of ɸ 35mm
and 500mm length were embedded and a dry lean concrete (DLC) layer of 100 mm thickness
was sandwiched between PQC slab and properly compacted subgrade layer. Deflections at
top of the slab fiber were observed for normal non-rehabilitated PQC (NRP), normal
rehabilitated PQC (NCRP) and PQC rehabilitated with microfiber reinforced SCC
(FRSCCRP).Sufficient numbers of dial gauges (D.G.) were employed for measuring the
deflections at the top of the PQC slab under different loading conditions. The details of
loading conditions and deflections measured at different points are presented in Figure 2. The
loading was applied by means of circular bearing plate made of steel having 25.4 mm
thickness in accordance with IS: 9412.
Figure 2 Schematic layout of plate load test conducted in the laboratory
5. Shashi Kant Sharma, SandeepPanchal, Amrit Kumar Roy and Mohd. Mohsin Khan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 141 editor@iaeme.com
3. RESULTS
3.1. Workability of SCC
It was found that for a given binder content, there is an optimum ratio of CA: FA. If the value
of the ratio is higher than the optimum value, then the flow of the mix is reduced apparently.
It was supposed that segregation too depends on the ratio of CA: FA, such that at higher ratio,
segregation would be higher. But the assumption was wrong because at higher coarse
aggregate content only flowability and passability were maximally affected. The possible
reason is that the binder material is sufficient for holding either the coarse or fine aggregates,
provided the total volume of aggregates remains the same.
For a given total summed volume of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates, more is the
content of fine aggregates, more would be the flow. But there is a limitation; the content of
fine aggregates could not be increased beyond a certain value. After this value, the
segregation of concrete occurs. This is because; the volume of binder was already lower in
the concrete mix so as to hold the fine aggregates. This resulted in a lower cohesion &
flowability of the mix. In order to increase the flow, if further superplasticizer is added, then
the increased effective water content reduced the viscosity of the paste to such an extent that
laitance formation takes place.
WMF is acicular and it has high adsorption tendency as well as the tendency to be a part
of pore solution at its higher contents. Hence it increases the inter-particle friction by
producing friction between cement particles on which it get adsorbed, and it also increases
the viscosity of pore solution at its higher contents. Therefore it was observed that with WMF
addition the flowability and passability of mix reduced, though up to 20% WMF its rate of
reduction was less. Segregation resistance increased with increment in WMF content. With
microsilica addition at lower amount 0-5%, the flowability, passability and segregation
resistance increased because microsilica has smooth texture and spherical shape, which
induces a ball bearing effect between cement particles on whom it get adsorbed. The ball
bearing effect does not allow the cement particles to move away though it allows them to roll
or slide over each other on account of the sticky nature of microsilica. Khayat & Aitcin (14)
also suggest that presence of microsilica affects the properties of fresh concrete by inducing
cohesivity and thus reducing the bleeding of concrete. Both of these factors work
contradictory as far as shrinkage is concerned; on one hand cohesivity reduces shrinkage,
whereas on other the reduced bleeding increases it. The increased cohesivity also requires
more slump for a given flow, with respect to a normal concrete. But it has one advantage
which is homogeneity, and thus enables good passability and flowability, thereby enabling
microsilica admixed concrete as a pumpable concrete. Hence at higher amount of microsilica,
the flowability and passability decreased but the segregation resistance increased, because the
pore solution between the cement particles get thicker and more viscous due to increased
microsilica content. Flyash at all contents improved the flowability and passability of mixes,
but it decreased the segregation resistance of self compacting concrete. Table 2 provides the
measurements taken while performing the fresh state tests on SCC in the laboratory.
3.2. Load Transfer Efficiency
This test was performed on mixes CWS6 and normal concrete. After obtaining the deflections
from the pre-decided gauging locations (as shown in Table 3 & Table 4), efforts have been
made to establish equations to find out the load transfer efficiency of the dowel bars provided
across the PQC slab for all considered three different cases, under three different loading
conditions. This was done by determining the deflections obtained at both ends of the dowel
bars.
6. Performance Comparison of Flyash and Wollastonite Micro-Fiber in Obtaining Self Compacting
Concrete Mixes
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 142 editor@iaeme.com
The locations 2-5 signifies loading side edge bar; 3-6 signifies middle bar, and 4-7
signifies non-loading side edge bar as presented in Figure 2. The ordinate Y in the equation
was taken as the deflection on the opposite side of loading, whereas abscissa X was taken as
the deflection on the loading side.
Afterwards, a set of deflections was chosen such that the deflections bear uniform
difference with respect to each other. Taking these deflections’ values as X in the equations,
the corresponding Y values were determined. After obtaining the Y values, which are the
deflections at the opposite side of loading, the percentage difference between the deflections
of the two cases i.e. non-rehabilitated & normal concrete rehabilitated pavement and, non-
rehabilitated and fiber reinforced concrete rehabilitated pavement was determined.
The difference in the deflections value so obtained provided a data which could be
statistically studied for finding out the reduction in load efficiency of the rehabilitated
pavement. The results obtained suggested, that there is 85% probability, that load transfer
efficiency is not reduced by more than 30% and 60% for WMF reinforced concrete
rehabilitated pavement, and normal concrete rehabilitated pavement respectively. For the
same probability, the fiber reinforced rehabilitated pavement shows more load transference
than normal concrete rehabilitated pavement. Hence the use of fiber reinforced SCC,
improved the load transference of rehabilitated pavement by two times.
4. CONCLUSION
The study confirms that WMF; which belong to micro class of fibers could be used for
obtaining self compacting concrete and also increasing the flexural strength of concrete. The
fiber introduction in concrete makes it dense by reduction of voids at interfacial transition
zone, which is why there is increased load transference from one panel to another in the
contraction joint of pavement. All these results clearly represent the possible role of these
kinds of microfibers in obtaining shrinkage free high fatigue life rigid pavements
7. Shashi Kant Sharma, SandeepPanchal, Amrit Kumar Roy and Mohd. Mohsin Khan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 143 editor@iaeme.com
Table 2 Results Obtained from the Workability Test Conducted on SCC in the Fresh State
8. Performance Comparison of Flyash and Wollastonite Micro-Fiber in Obtaining Self Compacting
Concrete Mixes
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 144 editor@iaeme.com
Table 3 Deflections for Plate Load Test on Normal Concrete Rehabilitated Pavement
Interior loading Deflection in mm at location
Load (N) 2 3 4 5 6 7
112500 0.06 0.3 0.15 -0.07 -0.13 -0.1
250000 0.3 0.57 0.37 -0.2 -0.3 -0.16
387500 0.59 0.88 0.66 -0.4 -0.55 -0.21
Edge loading Deflection in mm at location
Load (N) 2 3 4 5 6 7
50000 0.28 0 0 -0.07 0 0
85000 0.53 -0.06 0 -0.19 -0.02 0
125000 0.89 -0.13 0 -0.34 -0.07 0
175000 1.28 -0.23 0 -0.45 -0.19 0
225000 1.61 -0.26 -0.04 -0.58 -0.28 -0.04
Corner loading Deflection in mm at location
Load (N) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
25000 0.22 -0.01 -0.03 0 -0.01 0 0
50000 0.47 -0.08 -0.07 0.03 -0.02 0 0
70000 0.76 -0.15 -0.1 0.05 -0.03 0.01 0
92500 0.98 -0.23 -0.13 0.09 -0.06 0.03 0.02
117500 1.2 -0.35 -0.16 0.17 -0.09 0.05 0.04
145000 1.48 -0.48 -0.17 0.3 -0.1 0.14 0.06
162500 1.7 -0.59 -0.2 0.39 -0.12 0.19 0.09
Table 4 Deflections for Plate Load Test on FRSCC Rehabilitated Pavement
Interior loading Deflection in mm at location
Load (N) 2 3 4 5 6 7
112500 0.04 0.22 0.12 -0.04 -0.07 -0.05
250000 0.23 0.43 0.3 -0.1 -0.19 -0.09
387500 0.47 0.7 0.52 -0.2 -0.33 -0.14
Edge loading Deflection in mm at location
Load (N) 2 3 4 5 6 7
50000 0.23 0 0 -0.04 0 0
85000 0.42 -0.05 0 -0.12 -0.02 0
125000 0.69 -0.09 0 -0.24 -0.05 0
175000 1.02 -0.16 0 -0.33 -0.14 0
225000 1.33 -0.2 -0.02 -0.45 -0.25 -0.03
Corner loading Deflection in mm at location
Load (N) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
25000 0.17 -0.01 0 0 -0.01 0 0
50000 0.38 -0.06 -0.05 0 -0.01 0 0
70000 0.59 -0.12 -0.06 0.02 -0.01 0 0
92500 0.77 -0.18 -0.09 0.07 -0.04 0 0
117500 0.97 -0.27 -0.11 0.13 -0.07 0.02 0.01
145000 1.18 -0.36 -0.14 0.23 -0.08 0.08 0.03
162500 1.39 -0.45 -0.15 0.32 -0.09 0.12 0.06
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