PEC-Philippine-Elec.-Code-by-JVM-Part-1.pdf

BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION
Philippine Electrical Code
(Part-1)
Jaime V. Mendoza, PEE, MTM
Member
Board of Electrical Engineering

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Abstract
Electrical Grounding is the most neglected subject by electricians,
electrical inspectors, maintenance construction engineers, design
engineers and many other members of the electrical industry in
making electrical installations in the field, maintenance of factories,
building or substations. Electrical Grounding is no big secret!!! It
obeys the laws of electricity, and when examined piece-by piece, all
elements fit together very nicely to form an effective grounding
system.
When grounding is improperly installed, the results can range from
minor physical harm, costly damage to electrical facilities, or even
to death to an individual. This unwanted harm and damages are
caused by electric shock and electrical faults. Once recent problem
connected with faulty grounding installations is the effect they have
on microelectronic equipment such as computers, audio recording
studio, etc.. Faulty electrical grounding results in what we called
“dirty electricity”. The use of high-technology is not decreasing
rather, it will continue to increase. Stable, clean electrical power is
now requirement, anything less unsatisfactory.

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R. A. 7920
 An Act For, A More Responsive and
Comprehensive Regulation For the Practice,
Licensing, and Registration of Electrical
Engineers and Electricians.
 Sec. 4 Powers and Duties of the Board
 The Board shall exercise executive
/administrative or quasi-legislative (rule-
making) or quasi-judicial (investigative)
powers in carrying out the provisions of
this Act.

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Powers of the Board
 Sec. 29. Revocation of Certificates of
Registration and Suspension from the
Practice of the Profession.
 The Board shall have the power, upon proper
notice and hearing, to revoke any certificate of
registration of any registrant, to suspend him
from the practice of the profession or to
reprimand him for any specified in the preceding
section, or for the use of perpetration of any
fraud or deceit in obtaining a certificate of
registration, or for gross negligence or
incompetence or for unprofessional or
dishonorable conduct, for violation of this Act, the
rules and regulations and other policies of the
Board and the Code of Professional Ethics.

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Licensing
 Definition – a permission granted by competent
authority to engage in a practice of profession or
business or in an activity.
 A PEE who designed, signed, and sealed an electrical
plans – means he/she guaranteed the safety of the
electrical plans for 15 years in accordance to Civil
Code.
 PEE, REE or RME who signed as in-charge of
installations also guaranteed the safety of the
electrical installations for 15 years.
 You can only guaranteed the safety of your electrical
designs/installations if you are well-versed in the
Philippine Electrical Code.
“Licensing guarantees the safety
of your works!!!!”

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PURPOSE OF PEC
The primary objective of the code is to
establish basic materials quality and electrical
works standards for the safe use of electricity
for light, heat, power, communications,
signaling and for other purposes.
“Practical safeguarding of persons and
property from hazards arising from the use of
electricity”
THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE
KEY TO SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION
COMPLIANCE TO THE PEC WILL ENSURE SAFETY AND
PREVENT ELECTRICAL FIRES

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Components that Create a Fire or
Explosion
In the Installation Rules , one element of the Triangle
of Fire is removed to make the installation safe.

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The National Electrical Code
 The first documented case of a Code as a requirement of
rules was published on 16th Nov. 1881 entitled “The
Dangers of Electric Lighting”.
 The first NEC was developed in 1897, eighteen after the
invention of incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison.
 Since 1911, the NFPA of Quincy, Massachussets, has been
responsible for the maintenance and publication of the
NEC.
 Regularly revised (every three years) to reflect the
evolution of products, materials, and installation
techniques.
 21 Separate Committee, each consisting of 15-20 persons.
Members of each committee meet several times, discuss
proposed changes, accepting some and rejecting others,
and rewrite (as required) the sections of the Code that
were assigned to their committee.

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Consideration should be
given for future expansion
of electrical systems but this
is not a Code requirement.
The PEC is a safety standard,
NOT a design guide.
Electrical designs must
comply with the
requirements of PEC to
ensure safety.
Energy management,
maintenance, and power
quality issues aren’t within
the scope of the PEC.

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CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES
1. Wiring Design Rules
2. Installation Rules
3. Manufacturing Rules

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Wiring design rules used to determine
sizes and rating of circuit conductors and
devices.
Example:
1. Branch circuit conductors supplying a single
motor shall have an ampacity not less than
125% of the full-load current. Section 4.30.2.2
2. The disconnecting means for motor circuits shall
have an ampere rating of at least 115% of the
full-load current rating of the motor. Section
4.30.10.10(a)

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Installation rules
Example:
1. A disconnecting means shall be located within
sight from the motor controller. Section
4.30.102
2. In class II Division I Locations, motors,
generators, and other rotating electric
machinery shall be dust ignition proof or totally
enclosed pipe ventilated and shall be approved
for class II locations. Sections 5.02.8

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Manufacturing rules
Example:
Section 4.30.1.7
A motor shall be marked with the following
information:
1) Manufacturer’s Name
2) Rated Volts and Full-load Amperes
3) Rated Frequency and Number of Phases, if
an alternating current motor, etc.
4) Rated full-load speed

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Various Categories of the Code Rules which apply in a Motor and the Circuits
The Philippine Electrical Code

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Accessible, Readily
Accessible, Readily

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Accessible, Readily

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Overcurrent

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Service Conductors
Service Conductors – The conductors from the service point to
the service disconnecting means.
Service Drop – The overhead service conductors from the last
pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if any,
connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building
or other structure.
Connection point

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Service Lateral
Underground systems showing service laterals
run from a pole and from a transformer.

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Service Point

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Boundary: PEC 1 and PEC 2
The PEC 1 does NOT apply
to service drop or service
lateral conductors under
the exclusive control of
the electric utility.
Service Point

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Wiring Methods

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Wiring Methods

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Wiring Methods

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Unused Raceway and
Cable Openings
Unused cable or raceway openings must be
closed with a fitting that provides equivalent
protection.

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Unused Openings

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Integrity of Electrical Equipment
Internal parts of electrical equipment must be covered
to avoid damage from paint or other substances.

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Deteriorating Agents

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Short-Circuit Current Rating

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Conductor Termination

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Conductor Splicing
Conductors must be spliced by a listing splicing device
and they are NOT required to be twisted together prior to
the installation of a twist-on wire connector.

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Conductor Sizing

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Receptacles
 General Receptacle Placement -210.52(A)

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 Maximum Distance to a Receptacle
210.52(A)(1)
Receptacles

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 Wall Spaces 600 mm (2 ft) in Width-
210.52(A)(2)(1)
Receptacles

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 Space Measured Around Corners
Receptacles
210.52(A)(1) & 210.52(A)(2)(1)

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 Fixed Panels
210.52(A)(2)(2) &
210.52(A)(1)
Receptacles

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 Receptacle placement in a kitchen
Receptacles

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Electric Shock
Human in parallel with equipment
grounding conductor during ground
fault
Human completing the path
for current the earth

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Electric Shock
 Electric Shock
Severity
1. Path of Current
through Body
2. Length of Time
Current Flows
3. Amount of Current
through Body

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Effects of AC Electric Shock
Level (in milliamperes) of current through the body
ELCB!!!

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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
 GFCI – A device intended for the protection
of personnel that functions to deenergize a
circuit or portion thereof within an
established period of time when a current
to ground exceeds the values established
for a device.
 The GCFI does not protect someone against
receiving a electrical shock, but it does limit
the time hazards exists. Hazard exist only
during period of time fault is there.

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240 - V
240 V – Line Source

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A GFCI is designed to protect persons against electric shock.
It operates on the principles of monitoring the unbalanced current
Between the ungrounded and the grounded neutral conductor.

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GCFI CAN ELIMINATE THIS!

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GFCI Protection for Personnel
1. Dwelling Bathroom Receptacle
and /or 250 V

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2. Dwelling Garage Receptacle

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2. Dwelling Garage Receptacle
All 15 and 20 A, 125/250 V receptacles in accessory
buildings and similar work areas must be GFCI protected.

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3. Dwelling Outdoor Receptacle

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4. Dwelling Basement Receptacle

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