MSOSH-Electrical Safety-Day 1-26.06.2023.pdf

ELECTRICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
(DAY 01)
26th June 2023
Nik Azrim Nik Yaakub

Act A1648
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (AMENDMENT) ACT 2022
Amendment of Section 3 & 4:
3. (a)(xiii) - by inserting before the definition of “occupier” the following definition: ‘
“licensed person” means a person who is granted a licence under subsection 7a(1);’
4. The heading of Part II of the principal Act is amended by inserting after the word
“OFFICERS” the words “, INDEPENDENT INSPECTING BODY AND LICENSED PERSON”

Act A1648
Appointment of licensed person.
7a. (1) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Act, the Minister shall have the
power to grant a licence on such conditions as he may think fit to any person to carry
out inspection of any plant prescribed by the Minister and issue a certificate of fitness in
respect of the plant inspected.
Revocation of licence
7b. (1) If the Director General is satisfied that a licensed person has breached any
condition of the licence, the Director General may give a notice in writing to the licensed
person requiring him to comply with the condition which he has breached and take all
measures stipulated in the notice within the period stated in the notice.

Act A1648
Representing as licensed person
7d. (1) A person shall not represent himself as a licensed person if he was never granted a
licence under section 7a or the licence granted to him has been revoked under
section 7b.
(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on
conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand ringgit or to
imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both.”.

INTRODUCTION
ELECTRICAL IS
AN ENERGY
Energy resources are all forms of fuels
used in the modern world, either for
heating, generation of electrical energy, or
for other forms of energy conversion
processes. Energy resources can be
roughly classified in three categories:
renewable, fossil, and nuclear.

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1- To know basic knowledge in electrical safety
management
2 To identify the activities which involving
electricity
3 To explore the application of electricity in
industries

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this program, the participants
will be able to ;
1- Gain a basic knowledge of understanding
and awareness of the operation, inspection
and hazards of electrical equipment

COURSE CONTENT
DAY 1
1. OSH & Electrical Legal Requirements
and Standards
2. Basic of Electric Quantities & Sources
of Electricity
3. Three Phase & Single Phase
Systems in Buildings
4. Electrical Wiring Installations
5. Managing Resources for Electrical
Activities
DAY 2
6. Job Method Statement for Electrical
Works
7. Electrical Log Out & Tag Out (LOTO)
8. Electrical Permit to Work System
9. Building Operation & Maintenance
(Electrical)
10. System of Track Electrification
11. Explosion Proof Equipment in
Hazardous Atmosphere

PART 1
OSH & ELECTRICAL LEGAL
REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS

MALAYSIAN OSH LEGISLATION & STANDARD FOR ELECTRICAL
INDUSTRY
1- Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 (514)
Part IV - General Duties of Employer & Self-Employed Persons
Sect. 15 (1) : As far as is practicable the safety, health & welfare to employees at
work
Sect. 15 (2)(a) : provision and maintenance of plant and system of work
(2)(b) : making arrangements to ensure absence of risks during activities
(2) (c) : provision of supervision, information, training and instruction
(2) (d) : provision of access and egress
(2) (e) : provision of adequate facilities and welfare at work

INDUSTRY
Part V - General Duties of Designers, Manufacturers, Importers and Suppliers
Sect. 20 (1)(a) : ensure the plant is designed and constructed as to be safe when
properly used.
20 (1)(b) : carrying out testing and examination as per necessary performance
20 (1) (c) : to take secured steps as per adequate information given for the
plant which has been tested, and will be operated at work.
20 (a) : to carry out research or discover the method to minimize the risk to be
safe in use
20 (b) : to erect and install any plant as far as is practicable in safe manner

INDUSTRY
Part VI – General Duties of Employees
Sect. 24 (1)(a) : take care safety and health reasonably for himself and others which
may affected by his acts and omission at work.
24 (1)(b) : co-operate with employer regarding OSH rules at work.
24 (1)(c) : wear protective equipment provided by employer.
24 (1)(d) : comply instruction and measures which developed by employer

INDUSTRY
Part VII – Safety and Health Organization
Part VIII – Notification of Accidents, Dangerous Occurrence, Occupational
Poisoning and Occupational Diseases and Inquiry
Part IX – Prohibition Against Use of Plant or Substance
Part X – Industry Codes of Practice

INDUSTRY
2- Factories & Machinery Act 1967
Part II – Safety, Health and Welfare
Sect. 10 – Provision relating to safety
(a) Sufficient and sustain of strength to the foundation and floors
designed for the loads.
(b) sufficient strength of roof
(c) prevent a risk of collapse, and shall be properly maintained and
kept, as far as reasonably practicable, free from any loose material
and in a non-slippery condition;
(d) provided, maintained, and used so as to ensure safe access to any
place.
(e) every opening, sump, pit or fixed vessel in a floor, or working level
shall be securely covered or securely fenced.

INDUSTRY
Part II – Safety, Health and Welfare
Sect. 11 - Persons exposed to explosive, inflammable, etc., substances.
Sect. 13 - Provisions against fire.
Sect. 14 - Construction of machinery – parts, fittings, attachments shall be free
form defect and properly maintained.
Sect. 17 - Machinery for hire or sale must comply with regulations.
Sect. 18 - Machinery manufactured or repaired must comply with regulations.
Sect. 19 – Certificate of fitness

INDUSTRY
Part III – Person-in Charge & Certificates of Competency
Sect. 26 - Training and supervision of inexperienced workers.
Sect. 29 - Certain machinery not to be operated without certificated staff.
Sect. 29A - Machinery not to be manufactured, etc., without written authority.
No person shall manufacture, fabricate, test, install, maintain, dismantle or
repair any machinery which is prescribed unless he has a written authority.

INDUSTRY
2- Factories & Machinery Act [Building Operations and Works of Engineering
Construction) (Safety) Regulations 1986].
PART II : GENERAL PROVISION
Reg. 16 – Electrical Hazards
(1) Before work is begun, the employer shall ascertain by inquiry or direct observation, or by instruments, where any
part of an electric power circuit, exposed or concealed, is so located that the performance of the work may bring
any person, tool or machine into physical or electrical contact with it.
(2) The employer shall post and maintain proper warning signs in the national language where such a circuit exists.
(3) The employer shall advise his employees of the location of such lines, the hazards involved and the protective
measures to be taken and shall, if practicable, de-energize the electric power circuit.
(4) No employer shall suffer or permit an employee to work in such proximity to any part of an electric power circuit
which exposes him to contact with the same in the course of his work unless the employee is protected against electric
shock by de-energizing the circuit and earthing it or by guarding it by effective insulation or other means acceptable to
the Chief Electrical Inspector

INDUSTRY
Reg. 16 – Electrical Hazards (cont..)
(5) In work areas where exact location of underground electric power lines is unknown, employees using jack-
hammers, bars or other hand tools which may come into contact with such lines shall be provided with insulated
protective gloves and insulated protective footwear.
(6) All wiring shall be supported on proper insulators and not looped over nails or brackets.
(7) No wiring shall be left on the ground or the floor of a building unless it is unavoidable and where it is necessary
to lay electric wiring on the ground or the floor of a building, the wiring shall be of the weatherproof types and
shall be provided with adequate mechanical protection to withstand the wear and tear to which it may subjected
and it shall be maintained in good and safe working order.
(8) No bare wires or other unprotected conductors shall be located within 4 metres of any surface where employee
may work or pass, unless completely guarded by a fence or other barrier.
(9) Where electrical appliances and current-carrying equipment have provisions made for earthing, the shall be
properly earthed

INDUSTRY
Reg. 16 – Electrical Hazards (cont..)
(10) All temporary electrical installations in building and engineering construction worksites shall be provided with
earth leakage circuit breakers.
(11) Elevated power lines shall have a sufficient vertical clearance where they cross highways, access roads or areas
travelled by trucks, cranes, shovels or other similar equipment and shall not be lower than 5.2 metres from the
ground surface.
(12) All electrical installations in building and engineering construction worksites shall comply with the
requirements of the appropriate authority.
(13) All electrical installations shall be tested and approved by the Chief Electrical Inspector or his representative,
before they are commissioned and such installations shall be maintained in good and safe working order at all
times

INDUSTRY
PART XVI : HAND AND POWER TOOLS
Reg. 149 – Electric Power-Operated Tools.
(1) Electric power-operated tools shall be insulated in accordance with the requirement of Electrical Inspectorate
Regulations 1984[P.U.(A) 313 / 1984]. (New : Electricity Supply Act 1990, Act 477)
(1) (2) The use of electric cords for hoisting or lowering tools shall not be permitted.

INDUSTRY
3- Electricity Supply Act 1990 (447) – 1st Sept 1990
( 12 Parts, 56 sections and 3 schedules)
➢ Part I – Preliminary
➢ Part II - Establishment (deleted)
➢ Part III – Functions, Duties & Powers of
Commission
➢ Part IV – Licensed and Registered
Installations
➢ Part V – Competent Control
➢ Part VA – Efficient Use of Electricity
➢ Part VI – Supply by Licensee
➢ Part VII – Notification of Accident or Fire
➢ Part VIII – Enquiry and Arbitration
➢ Part IX – Offences and Penalty
➢ Part X – General
➢ Part XI – Power to Make Regulations
➢ Part XII - Miscellanous
https://www.st.gov.my/contents/2020/AKTA/Electric/Act%20447%20-%20Electricity%20Supply%20Act%201990.pdf

MALAYSIAN OSH LEGISLATION
4 – Regulations under Electricity Supply Act 1990
a) Licensee Supply Regulations, 1990
o Recovery of electricity charges
o Bills
o Deposit
o Restoration of supply
o Notice of disconnection, cessation or
interruption of supply
o Entry during continuance of supply
o Entry on discontinuance of supply
o Entry for replacing, repairing or altering lines
or plant
https://www.st.gov.my/en/details/policies_details/12/2

b) Electricity Regulations, 1994
Part II – Installation
Part III – Operation
Part III – Maintenance
Part IV – Miscellanous
First Schedule – 26 Forms
Second Schedule – 16 Parts (Fees)
Third Schedule - Calculation of Maximum Current Demand for Domestic Installation

c) Electricity Supply (Compounding of Offences) Regulations, 2001
o Offer to Compound Offence (Form 1)
o Acceptance of Offer to Compound (Form 2)
d) Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations, 2008
o Application and Registration Process Flow for Electrical Energy Manager
Note : Refer to User Manual ECOS (Energy Commission Online System)

5 -Standards for Electrical Equipment that Requires Certificate of Approval to
Manufacture, Import, Display, Sell or Advertise

PART 2
BASIC OF ELECTRIC QUANTITIES &
SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY

“Electricity is invisible. It cannot be seen,
heard, tasted, or smelled. Like a snake hiding
in the grass, electricity will strike if you don’t
follow safe work practices as well as using and
maintaining safe equipment.”
Ed Mendenhall
Safety & Health
Jan 2001

High
Pressure
Low
Pressure
Current is a flow of electric charge
per unit time
(1 Coulomb / second), Ampere (A)
Current = Electrical Charge
Time

BASIC OF ELECTRIC QUANTITIES
ELECTRIC word came from Yunani’s language-electron
ELECTRIC is a freed electron movement in a conductor which
combines 4 electric quantities;

HOW ELECTRICITY WORKS
Circuit
An interconnection of electrical elements (resistors, inductors,
capacitors, diodes, switches and transistors in a closed loop
with return path.
Volt
A potential difference across a conductor when a current of
one Ampere dissipates one watt of power/energy.
Voltage is a electrical potential difference.
Voltage is ‘additive’
Parallel circuit – voltage is same readings, current is difference
readings
Series circuit – voltage is difference readings, current is same
readings
VOLTAGE < 60V normally considered LOW TENSION
Batteries AA, AAA, 12V-car, 24V-truck, 48V-bus
100V-300V considered HIGH TENSION
Sockets
1KV + considered VERY HIGH TENSION
Photocopier, X-ray machine

Resistance
A measure of the degree to which an object opposes the
passage of an electric current (ohm).
Watt
A unit of electrical Power
The unit amount of power consumed = kW-hr
Lightning
arrestors

Vac – Vdc
Switch
A device for changing the flow of the circuit either activating
or isolating
Fuse
An overcurrent protection device. It’s a critical component is a
metal wire or strip that will melt when heated by a prescribed
current.

LIVE & NEUTRAL wires
Carry current around the circuit
EARTH wires
To protect people / back-up NEUTRAL wires
FUSE (one time use) / CIRCUIT BREAKER (can be reset)
Earthing/people protection
Earthing impedance protection
Protect from excessive current
Protect electrical circuit

Effect of Current on Human Body Effect of Voltage on Human Body
For Resistance = 1000 ohms /
Note :
Let-Go Threshold is the AC current passing through the
arm of a 68-70 kg human can cause powerful muscle
contractions; the victim is unable to voluntarily control
muscles and cannot release an electrified object

ELECTRICAL INCIDENT IN 11KV SUB-STATION

POWER OUTAGES IN MALAYSIA
1992 Blackout
Malaysia suffered a long and total power blackout caused by lightning striking a transmission facility and causing a rolling
failure in the transmission and distribution system.
1996 Blackout
A widespread power outage in Peninsular Malaysia began at 5.17 pm on 3 August 1996. The states of Peninsular Malaysia –
including Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, Johor, Melaka, and Negeri Sembilan – lost power for several hours.
A transmission line near Sultan Ismail Power Station in Paka, Terengganu tripped at 5:17pm causing all power stations in
Peninsular Malaysia to collapse resulting in a massive power failure. Supply was back to normal by 11pm.
The weekend power outage was the third in the past four years, and the worst since In the wake of that capacity-related
stumble, the government moved to allow five independent power producers to enter the electricity-generation business.
After this blackout, utility giant Tenaga Nasional's stock fell considerably. BIA????
2003 Blackout
The southern Peninsular Malaysia electricity blackout crisis affected the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia, including Kuala
Lumpur, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca and Johor due to a power failure. The 5 states (including Kuala Lumpur) had
been affected for 5 hours from 10.00 am to 3.00 pm on September 4, costing industries $13.8 million

2005 Blackout
The northern Peninsular Malaysia blackout crisis was a power outage in Malaysia in 2005 where many states of Malaysia's
northern peninsular, including Perak, Penang, Kedah, and Perlis had no electricity owing to a fault of the main cable
transmission line grid near Serendah, Selangor.
2005 Blackouts
On June 27, 2013, another severe blackout was reported during peak hour, 5.36pm at Sarawak which is claimed to be
originated from Bakun Dam causing a trip for the rest of the generators across the grid resulting of severe traffic congestion
in the major cities.
In July 2013 several power outages also occurred in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor.
On July 31, 2013, Puchong encountered a power outage from around 8.00 pm.During the Puchong power outage of July 31,
2013, a TNB spokesman said: "Our men are on the ground to rectify the situation. We apologise for any inconvenience
caused."

2022 Blackout
On July 27, 2022, much of the northern parts of Peninsular Malaysia, Klang Valley, Pahang and Negeri Sembilan have
reported widespread blackout from 12:40 pm onwards.
Investigations by TNB revealed that a faulty appliance in Yong Peng North Main Entry Substation (PMU) have triggered the
power failure at 12:39 pm.The fault have caused the loss of 10% electrical supply for entire Peninsula Malaysia at 2.2GW.
The power outage affected various services including RapidKL trains, KLIA main terminal, traffic lights, and network providers
like TM Unifi and Digi. It lasted for up to several hours as power was gradually restored through repairs. Most areas except
Klang Valley have the electricity restored within 20 to 40 minutes.The power restoration were completed at 3:02 pm the
same day.

ELECTRICITY SOURCES
Type of Power Plants
1- Coal-Fired Power Station
- Thermal -> Turbine -> Electricity
2 Hydro-Electric Power Station
- Reservoir -> Turbine -> Electricity
3 Solar Farm / Power Station
- Large scale PV panels -> Battery ->
Electricity
4 Gas Power Station
- Gas -> Turbine -> Electricity

Switchgear busbars deliver power from the external
feeders to all the branch overcurrent protection circuits
that are contained within the installation. Busbars
provide a high safety factor and convenience, in
comparison to traditional cabling and trunking which is more
expensive and time consuming
Vacuum Circuit Breaker. In vacuum circuit breakers, the
vacuum is used as the arc quenching medium. Vacuum
offers the highest insulating strength. So it has far superior
arc quenching properties than any other medium (oil in oil
CB, SF6 in SF6 circuit breaker).

PART 3
THREE PHASE AND SINGLE PHASE IN
BUILDINGS

ELECTRICITY SOURCES
Power Supply Specification in Malaysia;
❖ Based on MS IEC 60038:-
- Nominal Voltage Supply, Single Phase is 230 Vac (range +10%, -6%)
- Nominal Voltage Supply, Three Phase is 400 Vac (range +10%, -6%)
- Allowable Frequency is 50 Hz +/- 1%
- Type of earthing system (TT System)
Source : Garis Panduan Pendawaian Elektrik Pepasangan Domestik GP/ST/No.29/2021

ELECTRICITY SOURCES
Source : Garis Panduan Pendawaian Elektrik Pepasangan Domestik GP/ST/No.29/2021

EARTHING PROTECTION SYSTEM
1. Earthing
❖ An interconnection system between metals in electrical wiring installation to the earth mass
❖ The main objective is to provide easy route (with LOW impedance or resistance) to the ground so that the
operational protection system is effective to keep away people from electric shock whenever a huge current leaks
to the ground.
- Safety
- Protection system
- To limit the excessive voltage
- Provision of discharge path
- Legal requirements
2. Earthing elements
I – Earthing system
➢ To isolate the system when a damaged occurred
➢ To limit the electrical potential difference between non-insulated conductors in an area.
➢ To limit the over voltage in difference situation.

II - Earthing fittings
➢ To provide protection among people and users
➢ If a LIVE source touches the fitting body, the electric energy will flow to the ground (NOT through human body) due
to a human body has greater resistance when compared to earthing resistance.
3. Types and Earthing assecories functions;
I- Earth electrode
➢ Copper Jacketed steel core rod is used for residency wirings
II. Equipotential Bonding
➢ Connected between Consumer earth source to the exposed metal parts.
➢ Minimum cable sizing is 10mm.

III – Protective conductor
➢ Connected between Consumer earth source to the other installation parts which needs to be earthed as below;
i) Equal sizing to the phase cable sizing up to 16mm2
ii) 16 mm2 when phase cable sizing between 16mm2 and 35mm2
iii) Half of phase cable sizing when the phase cable size over than 35mm2
IV.Earthing conductor
➢ The conductor shall be made by accepted materials and having enough cross section with one or > earthing plates,
pipes or rod.
➢ Earthing sytem shall connected to the earth and effectively maintained as well.

EARTHING TERMINATION
1. Earthing chamber shall be concrete or PVC type.
2. Earthing electrode shall be Copper Jacketed Steel
Core
3. The reading of earthing electrode resistance for
protective installation shall be equal or less than 10
Ohms.
4. The reading of earthing electrode resistance for
lightning protective system is also 10 Ohms and
below.

PART 4
ELECTRICAL WIRING INSTALLATIONS

ELECTRICAL WORKS SAFETY
There 3 main steps;
1 Personal safety
2 Safety at work areas.
3 Safety during carry out electrical works

1 Personal safety
❑ An electrical worker shall wear appropriate personal protective equipments
⦁ Safety shoes (steel toe protection)
⦁ Safety helmet (SIRIM / DOSH approved)
⦁ Leather hand gloves
⦁ Suitable dress-up
⦁ Neat and tidy hair
⦁ Does not wearing any jewelry while
working

2 - Safety at work areas
➢ All tools (powered & hand) are in good conditions
Eg : plier, cutter and screw driver
➢ Thoroughly work planning before the activities begin
➢ Ensure that power supply and main switches are isolated
(switch-OFF) as well

3 – Safety during carry out electrical works
➢ The work area is clean, free from any dirty, oil stains, rubbish, debris and
etc.
➢ Materials and tools arrangements are in place and easy to identify and
reach for the jobs.
➢ Strictly no horseplay allowed
➢ A comprehensive First Aid Kit shall be provided
Safety ignorance

Electrical Shock
⦁ The incident occurred when a person touches to
LIVE cable and at the same, his.her body directly
touching to EARTHING & NEUTRAL cables. The
circuit becomes complete and his/her such a
electricity loads (lamp, fan and other electric
appliances.
⦁ ATTENTION:
WHY a bird, which stand on the overhead
transmission cables, doe not suffer an Electric
Shock
⦁ Please think and answer !!!!! ☺

CABLES
❖ Cables consist into 2 types
- Non pliable and pliable
Non-Pliable Cables
- Having a big size and less
numbers of conductors
- Difficult to bend
- Suitable for permanent wiring
method
- Cross section > 4.0 mm
- Double/single PVC insulation
Pliable Cables
- Having a thin size and more
numbers of conductors
- Easy to bend
- Suitable for temporary wiring
method. Eg : portable plugs,
- Cross section < 4.0 mm
- Parallel twin, spun, helix PVC

BASIC OF ELECTRICAL WIRING FOR FINAL SUB-CIRCUIT
• DEFINITION
- Final Sub-Circuit is a circuit which come out from Distribution
Board to supply electricity to electrical equipment through
switches or power socket outlet.
• The aim to distribute the Main-Circuit to the Sub-Circuit :-
- To facilitate each final circuit in performing maintenance or
repairing
without affected to other circuits.
- To prevent the damaged circuit from disturbing other other
circuits.
• Final Sub-Circuits consist into 2 types;-
1. Lighting circuit
2. Power socket circuit

LIGHTING CIRCUITS
✓ The circuit which directly connected to the loads by using switches as
controller.
✓ It is suitable for lamp, lights, ceiling fans, door bells and etc.
✓ The cable sizing is 1.5 mm.
✓ The protection value (MCB @ Miniature Circuit Breaker) is 6 Amperes.
✓ Total Maximum Loads could be connected within this circuit is 10 loads @
less than 1000 Watts.
✓ Switch height is 4’ 9” from the FFL @ Finish Floor Level.
✓ Types of lighting circuits
- One way control
- Two ways control
- Middle control

ONE WAY CONTROL
✓ Used in controlling lamps, lights and other loads from one position.

TWO WAYS CONTROL
✓ Used in controlling lamps, lights and other loads from two different
position.

MIDDLE CONTROL
✓ Used in controlling lamps, lights and other loads more than 2 zones/areas.
✓ Eg : staircase, corridor, multipurpose hall or long walking distance areas.

POWER SOCKET CIRCUITS
✓ The circuit is connected to supply the power @ electricity to portable
electrical appliances via 13 Amperes and 15 Amperes sockets.
✓ It is suitable for lamp, lights, ceiling fans, door bells and etc.
✓ The cable sizing is 2.5 mm.
✓ Types of power socket circuits
- Radial circuit
- Ring circuit
13 Amp Power Socket Outlet

RADIAL CIRCUIT
⦁ MCB sizing used is 20 Amperes.
⦁ It is connected from Distribution Board (DB) to LIVE,
NEUTRAL, EARTH and ended at the outlet socket.
⦁ The Maximum Loads for this circuit is NOT more than 2
(two) units.
⦁ This circuit supplies for the moderate energy only.

RING CIRCUIT
⦁ MCB sizing used is 32 Amperes.
⦁ It is connected from Distribution Board (DB) to LIVE,
NEUTRAL, EARTH and there after to 13 Amp socket, and
returned to the Distribution Board (DB) at Termnal L, N and
E.
⦁ The Maximum Loads for this circuit is NOT more than 10
(ten) units.
⦁ This circuit supplies a little bit higher than radial circuit.

PART 5
MANAGING RESOURCES FOR ELECTRICAL
ACTIVITIES

MANAGING RESOURCES FOR ELECTRICAL ACTIVITIES
1 - Site Visit
2 - Conceptual & Front-End Engineering Design (FEED)
• Elimination
• Substitution
Management of
Change (MOC)
3 - Resources Planning / Preparation
a - Competent Manpower – Competent Service Engineer,
Competent Engineer, Electrical Supervisor, Chargeman, Wireman,
Cable Jointer
b - Machinery – Equipment - Tools
c - Materials – trunkings, conduits, insulator, type of cables
d - Safe Work System – Engineering Control (Isolation),
Administrative Control (SITI), Special PPE (FRC, gloves, face shield etc.),
JMS, JHA, PTW system, Inspection & Test Plan, Close out Report
4- Construction, T & C (PSSR), Handover, Operation & Maintenance
✓ Operation
✓ Maintenance
- Shutdown
- Turnaround
- Outage

SITE VISIT & DESIGN
❑ LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
❑ Electricity Regulations 1994, Reg. 11 :
(1) No wiring or rewiring of an installation or extension to an existing installation shall be carried out by an Electrical
Contractor or a Private Wiring Unit without first obtaining the approval in writing from a licensee or supply
authority, as the case may be: Provided that no approval is necessary for an extension to an existing wiring of a
domestic installation where the total current consumed at any one time by the said installation, as a result of the
extension, does not exceed the maximum current demand as agreed upon in the supply contract between the
owner and the licensee or supply authority.
❑ THE PLANNING OF WIRING WORKS
a) Conduct a site visit
- To determine the suitable electrical fittings
- Maximum Demand (MD) of loads
- Power supply type (single or three phase)
- Types of wiring
- Fittings arrangement
b) To identify user load requirements
-Based on the estimation of installation requirement for buildings’ floor areas, likely load proposal, electrical fitting
points, and installation plan design

SITE VISIT & DESIGN
c) To calculate maximum demand (MD) of loads
- According to MS IEC 60364, Part 1, Clause 311 :
The calculation of MD for each circuit is to ensure economic installation design and permissible voltage drop limit.
- Diversity factors
- The calculations shall be prepared to all maximum current for each circuit (to determine cable sizing).
c) To present layout plan, drawings and specifications to licensee and authority.
- According to Electricity Regulations 1994, Reg. 65:
A Competent Person to submit plans, drawings and specifications
i) Wireman with Voltage Restriction up to 60 Amp. (Single Phase)
ii) Wiremen with Voltage Restriction up to 60 Amp. (Three Phase)

RESOURCES PLANNING / PREPARATION
A) Competent Persons
Competent Electrical Engineer
✓ Electricity Regulations 1994, Reg. 47
✓ Malaysian citizen
✓ Recognised Degree in Electrical Engineering
✓ A professional electrical engineer to BEM (Ir.)
✓ 5 years experiences in electrical fittings
handling and control live fittings.
✓ Fluent in National Language
✓ Good knowledge in modern electrical
engineering practice inclusive Generation,
Transmission, Distribution, Utilization,
Protection and Metering in electrical
installations and energy efficiency
management.
✓ Good knowledge in first aid, CPR & electric
shock treatment
✓ Good knowledge in Electricity Supply Act 1990
and its regulations
Competent Electrical Service Engineer
✓ Hold a Valid Certificate as Competent Electrical
Engineer
✓ Experienced in maintenance, repairing,
servicing, measuring, testing and tracing cable
damage.
management.
shock treatment
and its regulations

A ) Competent Persons
Competent Electrical Engineer
✓ Recognised Degree in Electrical Engineering
✓ 5 years experiences in electrical fittings
handling and control live fittings.
management.
shock treatment
and its regulations
Competent Electrical Service Engineer
✓ Hold a Valid Certificate as Competent
Electrical Engineer
✓ Experienced in maintenance, repairing,
servicing, measuring, testing and tracing cable
damage.
management.
shock treatment
✓ Good knowledge in Electricity Supply Act
1990 and its regulations
Types of
Restriction
11 kV – 33 kV
33 kV – 132 kV
132 kV and above

A) Competent Persons
Certified Electrical Supervisor
✓ Recognised Diploma in Electrical Engineering
✓ 5 years experiences in 1kV voltage restriction for
electrical installation, operation and at least ONE of
these categories (maintenance, design, supervision or
commissioning)
✓ Good knowledge in modern electrical engineering
practice inclusive Generation, Transmission,
Distribution, Utilization, Protection and Metering in
electrical installations and energy efficiency
management.
✓ Good knowledge in first aid, CPR & electric shock
treatment
✓ Good knowledge in Electricity Supply Act 1990 and its
regulations
Certified Chargeman
✓ Age NOT less than 20 years old.
✓ Completed Form 5.
✓ 3 years experiences in operational and
controlling live equipment.
✓ Understand in various types and equipment
under him charge and sufficient knowledge to
fix and operate without danger.
shock treatment
✓ Good knowledge in Electricity Supply Act
1990 and its regulations

(Regulation 50, Electricity Regulations 1994)
Single Phase Wireman (PW1)
✓ A Malaysian citizen.
✓ Age not less than 18 years.
✓ Minimum educational qualification - completed Form Five.
✓ Possess two years working experience in electrical wiring
with an Electrical Contractor or a Private Wiring Unit
registered with the Energy Commission.
✓ Able to speak and write in Bahasa Malaysia.
✓ Possess sufficient knowledge and skill in wiring for any
installation.
✓ Possess sufficient knowledge of first aid, resuscitation and
treatment electrical shock.
✓ Posses sufficient knowledge of the Electricity Supply
Act 1990 and its regulations.
Certified Wireman
Three Phase Wireman (PW3)
✓ Possess certificate for Single Phase Wireman Competency
(PW1/PW2) for at least 1 year from the date of issuance;
✓ At least 1 year working experience in electrical wiring with
an electrical contractor/private wiring unit registered with
the Energy Commission or working with Government
Department/Agency and possess complete log book based
on working experience;
✓ Certificate for Single Phase Wireman Competency
(PW1/PW2) should be registered with the Energy
Commission.
✓ Candidate who passed Three Phase Wireman
Competency Examination (PW3) and posses Certificate of
Single Phase Wiremen with testing endorsement (PW2)
qualify to get a Certificate of Three Phase Wireman
Competency with testing endorsement (PW4).

A ) Competent Persons Certified Wireman
Exemption:
✓ Minimum educational qualification - completed Form Five.
✓ Exempted from theoretical, practical and oral examination:
a) Possess intermediate or level 2 Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia (SKM) certificate;
b) Possess SKM for a period of 1 year and at least 1 year working experience with an Electrical Contractor who is
registered with the Energy Commission after holding SKM for a period of 1 year.
✓ Any candidate eligible to get an exemption would only be conferred as certified single phase wireman without
testing endorsement (PW1).
✓ Any candidate interested to get a certification for Competency of Wireman with testing endorsement (PW2)
should sit for an oral examination. If fail, the candidate would only be conferred as a certified single phase
wireman without testing endorsement (PW1).

B ) Electrical Machines A transformer is a device that transfers electric energy from
one alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits,
either increasing (stepping up) or reducing (stepping down)
the voltage.
Generators create electrical energy that is used to power
important appliances. The energy is created by burning fuel
and turning this energy into electricity. Generators are often
used in large facilities, such as hospitals and building sites, to
provide backup power for vital machinery
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts
electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric
motors operate through the interaction

B ) Electrical Equipment
Digital
Multimeter
Basic electrical
tester
Clamp meter
Power quality
Earth ground
Installation
tester

B ) Electrical Tools
Wire
stripper
Insulated
screwdrivers
Insulated
plier
Electrical
tape
Hacksaw Cable cutter Spanner Voltage tester Safety knife
Hex
keys
Claw
hammer
Chisel Torch

C ) Electrical Wiring Materials
Trunkings
Wiring boxes
Conduits
Insulators
Wires
Fiber optics
UTP & STP
Power distribution
board

D ) Safe Work System
o Engineering Control :
Isolate people from electrical hazards
o Administrative Control :
Change the way people work
o Personal Protective Equipment :
Protect the worker in-person with PPE
• Fencing of electrical systems
• Build electrical system rooms &
substations
• Install the electrical system at overhead or
underground
• Regular inspection & maintenance
• Log Out Tag Out (LOTO system)
• Supervision, Information, Training,
Instruction (SITI)
• Signage, Job Method Statement (JMS), Job
Hazard Analysis (JHA), HIRARC, Permit to
Work (PTW) system
• Fire retardant coverall (FRC), Insulated gloves, Face shield, Earmuff/earplug, Eye
protector, electrical safety shoes (non-conductive, resistant soles and heels)

ELECTRICAL BODILY INJURIES
Severity of electric shock is determined by ;
❑Amount of current which flows through the IP
❑Length of time the body receives the current
❑Main resistance to current;
▪ The skin surface
▪ Dry skin has fairly high resistance.

MSOSH-Electrical Safety-Day 1-26.06.2023.pdf

MSOSH-Electrical Safety-Day 1-26.06.2023.pdf

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