Pear physiological disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS Trainee

1. Pear Physiological Disorders
A
Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS)
By
Mr. Allah DadKhan
Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK
MINFAL Pakistan

3. Pear Core Breakdown
Symptoms
•
A senescent disorder resulting
from storing fruit beyond its
postharvest life. A brown, soft
breakdown of the core and
surrounding tissues. May
develop in storage or soon
after transfer to warm
temperatures. In Bosc,
symptoms may be preceded
by vascular browning as the
fruit ripens. In Bartlett, the
watery, brown tissue separates
easily from the healthy tissue.
Core Breakdown. Pear, Bartlett

4. Pears: Flesh Spot Decay
Symptoms
•
Partial browning of spots and/or
development of cavities in Asian pear
flesh. It appears along and around the
vascular bundles when the symptoms
are severe, but there is no external
indication of the disorder. Generally,
FSD is more pronounced above the
equator of the fruit (towards the stem
end), but it can also be observed all the
way down to the calyx. Cavities are
usually dry and surrounded by
apparently healthy tissue. This disorder
can occur in fruit while still on the tree.
It is more obvious, however, after 2-6
week cold storage

5. Pears: Internal Browning
Symptoms
•
Development of brown to
dark brown water-soaked
areas in the core and/or
flesh occur during storage.
There is no visible external
indication of internal
browning.

6. Pears: Senescent Scald
Symptoms
•
Brown to black discoloration of the skin
associated with fruit which have
become yellow in storage and lost their
capacity to ripen normally. Browning is
initially restricted to the skin but
progresses rapidly into the flesh,
particularly upon transfer of the fruit to
warm temperatures. Browned skin
becomes weak and is easily sloughed
off in later stages of senescence. Often
associated with core breakdown. Decay
may follow secondarily. Taste and odor
of the fruit are very disagreeable even
before discoloration

7. Pears: Watery Breakdown
Symptoms
•
Watery breakdown, as the
name implies, is a soft, watery
deterioration of affected
tissue. When the affected
tissue is cut or punctured,
juice flows out of the fruit.
Typically, the involved tissue is
in the outer portions of the
flesh, but in severe cases can
move into the core tissue. The
affected tissue is not
discolored during early stages,
but becomes brown with time
Bartlett Pear: Watery Breakdown

8. • PotassiumDeficiency
SymptomsChlorosis along the
edges of leaves (leaf margin
scorching) occurs first in older
leaves. Plants lacking K will
have slow and stunted growth.
Stems are weak. The size of
seeds and fruits and the
quantity of their production is
reduced
• Correction MeasureSoil
application of
Potassium@2kg/tree/year

9. • CalciumDeficiency
SymptomsSymptoms first appear
on the younger leaves and leaf
tips. The growing tips of roots and
leaves turn brown and die. Newly
emerging leaves may stick
together at the margins, which
causes tearing as the leaves
expand and unfurl. Younger
leaves may be cupped and
crinkled, with the terminal bud
deteriorating.
• Correction MeasureSoil
application of gypsum@20kg/ha

10. • MagnesiumDeficiency
SymptomsThe deficiency
symptom of interveinal
chlorosis first appears in older
leaves. Leaf tissue between
the veins may be yellowish,
bronze or reddish, while the
leaf veins remain green. In
severe cases, symptoms may
appear on younger leaves and
cause premature leaf drop.
• Correction MeasureSoil
application of MgSO4

11. • BoronDeficiency
SymptomsStunted growth,
first showing symptoms on
the growing point and
younger leaves. The leaves
tend to be thickened and
may curl and become
brittle.
• Correction MeasureSoil
application of borax
25kg/tree/year

12. • IronDeficiency
SymptomsInterveinal
chlorosis in younger leaves.
The youngest leaves
become yellowish.
• Correction MeasureSoil
application of
FeSO4@0.5kg/tree.

13. • ManganeseDeficiency
SymptomsSymptoms first
appear as chlorosis in young
tissues. Unlike Fe chlorosis
symptoms, Mn chlorosis
shows up as tiny yellow
spots.
• Correction MeasureSoil
application of
MnSO4@10kg/ha