PCR was first developed by Kary Mullis in 1983 and allows for targeted DNA sequences to be amplified rapidly through cycles of heating and cooling in the presence of primers and a thermostable polymerase. The target DNA is denatured, primers anneal to the single strands, and the polymerase extends the primers to exponentially amplify the target sequence up to a billion-fold in just a few hours. This technique is widely used in molecular cloning and genetics applications.

2.  PCR - stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
 Nicknamed as " "
 First developed by in 1983.
 Major Impact on many areas of Molecular Cloning and Genetics.
 A target sequence of DNA can be amplified a billion fold in several hours.
 Procedure-carried out entirely invitro.
 Carried out in
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 Target sequence of DNA is heated to denature the target DNA into
single strands that can act as a template for DNA synthesis

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 are short, single-stranded sequences of nucleic acid
(i.e., oligonucleotides usually 20 to 30 nucleotides long)
 The DNA is then cooled to allow the primers to anneal,that
is,bind the appropriate complementary strand.
Complementary sequence to C-A-T-G ...Can anyone try??
G-T-A-C

7. -
NOTE :-
Taq Polymerase-
📌 Thermostable DNA
Polymerase
📌 Obtained from
Thermus aquaticus
📌 Bacterial species
📌 Grows in hot
springs(90degree
Celsius)
📌 Not denatured by
any heating steps

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 In the presence of Mg2+,DNA polymerase extends the
primers on both the template strands from 5' to 3' by its
polymerase activity.
 Primer extension is performed at a temperature for the
particular polymerase that is used.

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 The cycle of heating,cooling,and replication repeated 25 or 30
times over a few hours,the segment of DNA can be amplified
to approximately billion times i.e., 1 billion copies are made.
 The amplified fragment if desired can now be used to ligate
with vector for further cloning.

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