The document describes the design and implementation of a low-cost pulse oximeter to measure blood oxygen saturation levels (SpO2) using an Arduino microcontroller and MAX30100 sensor. Key features include using the sensor and microcontroller to process signals and compute SpO2 levels, simulating the system in Proteus, and displaying results on a 16x2 LCD screen. The device aims to provide affordable home monitoring of oxygen levels, which is important for managing COVID-19 and other respiratory conditions.

1. “ Pulse Oximeter for COVID-19”
Presented by : Group 15
Guided by : Arvind Meshram
PPT by: Shivani Phadtare
A PRESENTATION ON
M.V.P’s K.B.T.C.O.E ,Nashik-13
Department of Electronics and Telecommunications
Activity under PBL - SEM IV

2. TEAM MEMBERS
• 49- Shivani Phadtare
• 79- Gandhali Patil
• 57- Vaishnavi Sonawane
• 55- Anushka Sonawane
• 50- Rutuja Pingle

3. ABSTRACT
• If a person can monitor his/her oxygen saturation level intermittently then he/she can
identify his/her condition early and thus he/she can seek a doctor’s help. This is a
presentation on the design, simulation, and implementation of a low-cost pulse oxygen
saturation measurement device based on a reflective photoplethysmography (PPG) system
using an integrated circuit sensor as the fundamental component of this health status
checking device.
• The measurement of the physiological parameter is the blood oxygen saturation level
(SpO2) in the peripheral capillary. This work has been implemented using an Arduino Uno
R3 microcontroller along with this sensor integrated circuit (IC). The system is designed in
the Proteus environment and then simulated to check its performance.
• Here we describe the design, implementation and testing of a pulse oximeter prototype
using a MAX30100 health monitor sensor, a 16×2 LCDs and an Arduino microcontroller.

4. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Project objectives
 Learning objective
 Components used
 Block diagram
 Circuit diagram
 Flowchart
 Simulation on Proteus
 Advantages and Limitations
 Conclusion
 References

5. INTRODUCTION
• The COVID-19 pandemic.
• Oxygen saturation level parameter.
• Strain on the resources.
• Oximeter.

6. PROJECT OBJECTIVES
• Therefore, our objectives of this work are to:
• i. Design a low-cost SpO2 measurement system.
• ii. Use the microcontroller for faster signal processing and several
other computation tasks.
• iii. Simulate the system in the Proteus environment.
• iv. Analyze the oxygen saturation data and heart rate.

7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Using digital design, circuit theory and computer architecture.
• Learning hardware and software interfacing and integration.
• Use of programming languages such as Arduino .
• Learning Proteus Simulation.
• Learning microcontroller’s architecture.
• Learning how to define system requirements, partition and design into
subcomponents, design, build, test.

8. COMPONENTS USED
MAX30100
Arduino Uno
16×2 LCDs
SpO2 Subsystem

9. MAX30100
• The MAX30100 is an integrated pulse
Oximetry and heartrate monitor sensor
solution. It combines two LEDs, a
photodetector, optimized optics, and low-
noise analog signal processing to detect
pulse Oximetry and heart-rate signals.
• As you can see clearly the GY-Max30100
Pulse Oximeter has a total of 5 male
headers which are clearly labeled as VIN,
GND, SCL, SDA, and INT. This is an i2c
supported sensor and communicates with
the Arduino board through i2c
communication bus.

10. SPECIFICATIONS

11. SpO2Subsystem
• The SpO2 subsystem in the MAX30100 is
composed of ambient light cancellation
(ALC), 16-bit sigma delta ADC, and
proprietary discrete time filter.
• The SpO2 ADC is a continuous time
oversampling sigma delta converter with up
to 16-bit resolution. The ADC out-put data
rate can be programmed from 50Hz to 1kHz.
• The MAX30100 includes a proprietary
discrete time filter to reject 50Hz/60Hz
interference and low-frequency residual
ambient noise.As per the system block
diagram which is available in the datasheet, it
clearly shows that there should be small
distance between the sensor and finger.

12. Arduino Uno • The Arduino Uno is an open-source
microcontroller board based on the
Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller
and developed by Arduino.cc.
• The board is equipped with sets of
digital and analog input/output pins that
may be interfaced to various expansion
boards and other circuits.

13. 16×2 LCDs
• An LCD is an electronic display module
that uses liquid crystal to produce a visible
image. The 16×2 LCD display is a very
basic module commonly used
in DIYs and circuits.
• The 16×2 translates o a display 16
characters per line in 2 such lines. In this
LCD each character is displayed in a 5×7
pixel matrix.

14. BLOCK- DIAGRAM OF MAX30100

15. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

16. FLOWCHART

17. SIMULATION ON PROTEUS

18. ADVANTAGES
• Monitoring oxygen saturation over time
• Alerting to dangerously low oxygen levels,
particularly in newborns
• Offering peace of mind to people with
chronic respiratory or cardiovascular
conditions
• Assessing the need for supplemental
oxygen
• Monitoring oxygen saturation levels in
people under anesthesia
• Indicating dangerous side effects in people
taking drugs that affect breathing or
oxygen saturation
LIMITATIONS
• Several conditions adversely affect pulse
oximetry readings. Poor peripheral
perfusion because of cold is the principal
cause for failure to obtain a satisfactory
signal, mainly because of an inadequate
pulse wave.
• Pulse oximeters are also unable to
differentiate between oxygen and carbon
monoxide; the presence of the latter bound
to haemoglobin increases registered oxygen
saturation values, 44 so oximeters should
not be used in patients who smoke tobacco
• Light transmission problems may also
occur when using an adult probe on a child,
due to the smaller width and length of their
digits allowing exposure to external light
within the probe
.

19. CONCLUSION
• The design above present a simple tool .
• A low cost oximeter the device easily measures Spo2 and plus rate which is
very important to know in this pandemic .
• The tools used are very minimal and device is very easy to operate .

20. REFERENCES
• Sensor Architeture: Maxim Integrated, “Max30102 datasheet,” 2018.
• Code reference: Jeffmer and killercode, “Tinypulse ppg github repository.”
Available at https://github.com/jeffmer/tinyPulsePPG, commit #3d767a9,
2020.
• Flowcharts and circuit: . M. Lee, D. Lee, "Healthcare wearable devices: an
analysis of key factors for continuous use intention," Springer Nature, vol.
14, pp. 503– 53115 October 2020.

21. THANK YOU !!