The document discusses patella fractures and dislocations, highlighting causes such as knee trauma and muscle weakness. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and knee deformities, with treatment primarily focusing on non-operative management for first-time dislocations, involving swelling reduction and muscle strengthening exercises. If non-operative methods fail, surgical intervention may be necessary.

1. Patella Fracture and dislocation

7. X_ray

9. *
Patella dislocation
•
Because of the offset created by the femoral neck,
the knee is normally angled in slight valgus that
creates a natural tendency for the patella to pull
towards the lateral side when the quadriceps
muscle contracts
.

10. *
Causes •
1
_
Blow to knee
•
2
_
Acute Trauma
•
3
_
severe twisting of knee
•
4
_
weak VMO muscle (vastus medialis obliqus)
•
5
•
excessive foot pronation
•
6
..
patella alta
•
7
•
genu valgum
•
(
knock knees
)

11. C/P
•
Pain
•
Swelling
•
Lump In later side or outer side of knee

12. X_ray

14. Complcation
•
Recurrent episode
•
Chondrmalacia of patella

15. Treatment
•
First time dislocation are generally managed non
operative
•
Aim to reduce swelling and increase range of
motion of knee
•
Followed muscle strengthening exercises
(quadriceps exercises)
•
If unreduced dislocation can in most cases be
pushed back into place without much difficulty
•
Surgery If non operative failed