1. PASTTENSES ( unit 4 + unit 7)
Unit 4 ( Past simple + Past continuous)
PAST SIMPLE
STRUCTURE: -ED REGULAR VERBS/ 2ND COLUMN IRREGULAR VERBS
AUXILIARY:DID
USES:
PASTACTION AT A DEFINITETIME IN THE
PAST
MY SISTER VISITED LONDON IN 2010 / LAST
YEAR.
PASTACTIONSAFTER ONEANOTHER PETER BOUGHT A BOOKAND A WENTTO
THE LIBRARY TO READ IT.
HABITS OR STATESIN THE PAST( NOW
FINISHED)
MR. SMITH WORKED IN A BANKWHEN HE
WAS YOUNGER.
USED TO / WOULD
HABITS OR STATESIN THE PAST( NOW
FINISHED)
I USED TO PLAYCHESS WITH MY FATHER
WHEN I WAS 5 ( ACTIONS )
I USED TO HAVEA PET FISH WHEN I WAS 2. (
STATE)
I WOULD PLAYCHESS WITH MY FATER
WHEN I WAS 5 ( ACTIONS)
USED TO
USED TO + INFINITIVE for Past Habits or states
WHEN I WAS YOUNG I USED TO VISITMY GRANDMOTHER EVERY FRIDAY
WHEN I WAS YOUNB I USED TO BE HEALTHIER
WHEN I WAS YOUNG I VISITEDMY GRANDMOTHER EVERY FRIDAY( PastSimple)
WOULD ( For habits)
WHEN I WAS YOUNG I WOULD PLAY CHESSWITH MY FATHER
PAST CONTINUOUS
STRUCTURE: WAS/WERE+ ING
USES:
ACTION IN PROGRESS ANDINTERRUPTED BY
ANOTHERACTION
I WAS TAKING A SHOWER WHEN MY
FATHER CALLED
TWO SIMULTANEOUS ACTIONSIN THE PAST I WASREADING A BOOK WHILE MY SISTER
WASWATCHING TV
A PASTACTION IN PROGRESS ( WE DON’T
KNOWEXACTLY WHEN IT STARTED OR
FINISHED)
YESTERDAY AFTERNOON I WASTIDYING UP
MY ROOM.
FOR BACKGROUNDINFORMATION (
SETTING, ETC).
IT WAS A HOT SUMMER. THE SUN WAS
SHINING ANDTHE CHILDREN WERE
PLAYING.
Time expressionsinthe pastcontinuous: WHILE,WHEN,AS, ALL MORNING/EVENING…
2. UNIT 7 ( PASTPERFECT SIMPLE + PASTPERFECT CONTINUOUS)
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
STRUCTURE:
HAD + PASTPARTICIPLE( 3rd
column)
USES:
AN ACTION BEFORE ANOTHERACTION IN
THE PASTOR BEFORE A SPECIFICTIME
- I HAD BOUGHT A NEW BOOK BY
NOON. ( specifictime)
- I HAD HEARD THE NEW SONG
BEFORE THEY RELEASED IT ( action
before anotheraction.The first
actionis inPast Perfect+ the second
actionin Pastsimple –in real time)
A PASTACTION FINISHEDWITH A VISIBLE
RESULT LATER ON IN THE PAST.
- HE HAD SPRAINED HER ANKLEA
FEW DAYS EARLIER ANDIT WAS
STILL HURTING.
A GENERAL SITUATION IN THE PAST - EVERYTHING HAD BEEN FINEAT
FIRST
Time expressions:BEFORE,AFTER,ALREADY,JUST, FOR,SINCE,TILL/ UNTIL, WHEN, BY THE TIME, NEVER, etc.
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
STRUCTURE:
HAD BEEN + ING
USES:
TO EMPHASIZE THE DURATION OF A PASTACTION
BEFORE ANOTHERACTION.USUALLY WITH FOR AND
SINCE
HE HAD BEEN RUNNING FOR2 HOURS WHEN HE
REALISED HE WAS LOST.
FOR A PROGRESSIVEACTION IN THE PASTWITH VISIBLE
RESULTS.
SHE HAD BEEN SWIMMING ANDSHEWAS STILL ALL
WET.
Time expressions: FOR,SINCE,HOWLONG,BEFORE, UNTIL, etc
