This document summarizes past research on the mechanical and durability properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Several studies found that hybrid fibers improve concrete properties more than a single fiber type alone. The combination of steel fibers for strength and polypropylene fibers for toughness produces synergetic effects. Research showed hybrid fibers increased compressive strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, fracture energy, and durability against freezing and thawing compared to plain or mono-fiber concrete. The optimal mix depends on the fiber types and volumes used.
Performance of Beam Incorporating with Locally Available ReinforcementQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : This study comparatively evaluated the flexural performance and deformation characteristics of concrete beams reinforced with bamboo, cane and the twisted steel rebar. The yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the elongation of nine specimens of the three materials were determined using a universal testing machine. Nine beams of concrete strength 22 MPa at age 28 days were constructed separately reinforced with steel, bamboo, and cane bars, while the stirrups were steel bars. The beams were subjected to centre-point flexural loading according to ASTM C0293 to evaluate the flexural strength. The tensile strength of bamboo and rattan bars was 43% and 13% of that of steel in the same order. The elongation of bamboo, rattan and steel were 11.5%, 14% and 15.7% respectively. The experimental flexural strength of bamboo and cane reinforced concrete beams was 34% and 26% respectively of the conventional steel RC beams. The remarkable gap between the flexural capacities of the natural rebar and that of steel can be traced not only to the tensile strength but also the weak bonding at the bar-concrete interface. It can be concluded that the bamboo bars are suitable rebar for non-load bearing and lightweight RC flexural structures, while more pre-strengthening treatment is required more importantly for rattan for improved interfacial bonding and load-carrying capacity.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document provides a review of using steel fiber as a reinforcement material in concrete. It discusses how steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has improved properties over plain concrete such as higher tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, and ductility. The document reviews several studies that have shown increases in compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete when adding steel fibers at volumes of 0.5-1.5%. A relationship was derived to predict the split tensile strength of SFRC based on its compressive strength and fiber reinforcement index. SFRC has applications in floors, housing, precast construction, and other areas due to its strength and toughness.
Comprehensive study of high strength fiber rienforced concrete under pull out...IAEME Publication
This document presents a study on the pullout strength of high-strength steel fiber reinforced concrete. Concrete cubes containing steel fibers ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of cement were tested. The following key points are discussed:
1) Workability decreases with higher fiber content, so superplasticizer was used. Steel fibers increase the ductility and bond strength of concrete.
2) New expressions for predicting pullout strength as a function of fiber volume fraction and bond strength were proposed based on regression analysis.
3) Maximum fiber content was found to be dependent on concrete strength. The inclusion of steel fibers provided a significant improvement in pullout strength.
This document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and its durability in marine structures. It provides background on how fibers suppress crack formation in concrete and improve its fracture toughness. The document reviews literature on how the addition of fibers enhances various mechanical properties of concrete. It also discusses considerations for mixing FRC, including how fiber type, volume, and size can impact dispersion. Finally, it presents properties of different fiber materials commonly used to reinforce concrete.
Uncertainty in Improving Durability Aspects and Mechanical Properties of Bamb...IJARIIT
The construction industry uses the most of clean energy and also produces most of the carbon dioxide in the present global world. The production of one ton of steel and concrete emits more than two tonne and one tonne respectively of carbon dioxide whereas production of one tonne of bamboo consumes more than one tonne of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In SAARC countries like India where about two-third of the population live below poverty line, there is a great need of some other suitable construction material in terms of cost, availability and environment friendly. Towards this, many researchers in the past has emphasized on the use of Bamboo as reinforcement. Bamboo offers competitive strength to mass ratio, compared to re-bars. Since it is a natural material, the necessity to understand their long term behaviour regarding its acceptance as a suitable construction material in general is important. Due to the advantageous characteristics of bamboo, efforts should be made to popularize the use of bamboo.
In this study, a review of the existing research work on Bamboo Reinforced Concrete with the emphasis on the various factors, which are considered as demerits in making bamboo reinforced concrete construction, as a tool is presented. This uncertainty study may serve the goal of making the dream of common people, to have their own home, come true.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Comparative study of polymer fibre reinforced concrete with conventional conc...eSAT Journals
Abstract Road transportation is undoubtedly the lifeline of the nation and its development is a crucial concern. The traditional bituminous pavements and their needs for continuous maintenance and rehabilitation operations points towards the scope for cement concrete pavements. There are several advantages of cement concrete pavements over bituminous pavements. This paper emphasizes on POLYMER FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS, which is a recent advancement in the field of reinforced concrete pavement design. A comparative study of these pavements with the conventional concrete pavements has been made using Polypropylene fiber waste as fiber reinforcement. Keywords: Polymer fibre concrete pavement, Polypropylene fiber waste as fiber reinforcement
Performance of Beam Incorporating with Locally Available ReinforcementQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : This study comparatively evaluated the flexural performance and deformation characteristics of concrete beams reinforced with bamboo, cane and the twisted steel rebar. The yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the elongation of nine specimens of the three materials were determined using a universal testing machine. Nine beams of concrete strength 22 MPa at age 28 days were constructed separately reinforced with steel, bamboo, and cane bars, while the stirrups were steel bars. The beams were subjected to centre-point flexural loading according to ASTM C0293 to evaluate the flexural strength. The tensile strength of bamboo and rattan bars was 43% and 13% of that of steel in the same order. The elongation of bamboo, rattan and steel were 11.5%, 14% and 15.7% respectively. The experimental flexural strength of bamboo and cane reinforced concrete beams was 34% and 26% respectively of the conventional steel RC beams. The remarkable gap between the flexural capacities of the natural rebar and that of steel can be traced not only to the tensile strength but also the weak bonding at the bar-concrete interface. It can be concluded that the bamboo bars are suitable rebar for non-load bearing and lightweight RC flexural structures, while more pre-strengthening treatment is required more importantly for rattan for improved interfacial bonding and load-carrying capacity.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document provides a review of using steel fiber as a reinforcement material in concrete. It discusses how steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has improved properties over plain concrete such as higher tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, and ductility. The document reviews several studies that have shown increases in compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete when adding steel fibers at volumes of 0.5-1.5%. A relationship was derived to predict the split tensile strength of SFRC based on its compressive strength and fiber reinforcement index. SFRC has applications in floors, housing, precast construction, and other areas due to its strength and toughness.
Comprehensive study of high strength fiber rienforced concrete under pull out...IAEME Publication
This document presents a study on the pullout strength of high-strength steel fiber reinforced concrete. Concrete cubes containing steel fibers ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of cement were tested. The following key points are discussed:
1) Workability decreases with higher fiber content, so superplasticizer was used. Steel fibers increase the ductility and bond strength of concrete.
2) New expressions for predicting pullout strength as a function of fiber volume fraction and bond strength were proposed based on regression analysis.
3) Maximum fiber content was found to be dependent on concrete strength. The inclusion of steel fibers provided a significant improvement in pullout strength.
This document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and its durability in marine structures. It provides background on how fibers suppress crack formation in concrete and improve its fracture toughness. The document reviews literature on how the addition of fibers enhances various mechanical properties of concrete. It also discusses considerations for mixing FRC, including how fiber type, volume, and size can impact dispersion. Finally, it presents properties of different fiber materials commonly used to reinforce concrete.
Uncertainty in Improving Durability Aspects and Mechanical Properties of Bamb...IJARIIT
The construction industry uses the most of clean energy and also produces most of the carbon dioxide in the present global world. The production of one ton of steel and concrete emits more than two tonne and one tonne respectively of carbon dioxide whereas production of one tonne of bamboo consumes more than one tonne of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In SAARC countries like India where about two-third of the population live below poverty line, there is a great need of some other suitable construction material in terms of cost, availability and environment friendly. Towards this, many researchers in the past has emphasized on the use of Bamboo as reinforcement. Bamboo offers competitive strength to mass ratio, compared to re-bars. Since it is a natural material, the necessity to understand their long term behaviour regarding its acceptance as a suitable construction material in general is important. Due to the advantageous characteristics of bamboo, efforts should be made to popularize the use of bamboo.
In this study, a review of the existing research work on Bamboo Reinforced Concrete with the emphasis on the various factors, which are considered as demerits in making bamboo reinforced concrete construction, as a tool is presented. This uncertainty study may serve the goal of making the dream of common people, to have their own home, come true.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Comparative study of polymer fibre reinforced concrete with conventional conc...eSAT Journals
Abstract Road transportation is undoubtedly the lifeline of the nation and its development is a crucial concern. The traditional bituminous pavements and their needs for continuous maintenance and rehabilitation operations points towards the scope for cement concrete pavements. There are several advantages of cement concrete pavements over bituminous pavements. This paper emphasizes on POLYMER FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS, which is a recent advancement in the field of reinforced concrete pavement design. A comparative study of these pavements with the conventional concrete pavements has been made using Polypropylene fiber waste as fiber reinforcement. Keywords: Polymer fibre concrete pavement, Polypropylene fiber waste as fiber reinforcement
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document presents a study on the effect of thickness and fiber orientation on the tensile and flexural properties of a hybrid composite made from S-glass, carbon, and E-glass fibers. Specimens of different thicknesses (2mm and 3mm) and fiber orientations (30°, 45°, 60°) were prepared and tested according to ASTM standards. The test results showed that tensile strength was dependent on fiber orientation and thickness. Specifically, tensile strength increased with thickness and was highest at a 30° fiber orientation for both the 2mm and 3mm specimens.
EFFECT OF CARBON LAMINATION ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE STRUCTURESIAEME Publication
This work consists of preparation and testing of different structural model like cubes, Beams and Columns. They are tested for Compression test, Flexural test and Split tensile Test. The comparison between Laminated and un-laminated Structural Models was made in order to know how much strength gain after testing of these structural models, so by which the rehabilitation of any structure can be done without demolishing it with less weight to strength ratio.
BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER SHEAR IAEME Publication
This paper assesses the effectiveness of steel fibers used along with the shear reinforcement in the formation of the high grade fiber reinforced concrete. Shear strength of concrete is obtained from direct shear test using push off specimens. Shear stress (strength) is calculated as a ratio of load
to the area of shear plane. Tests were carried out on the “Push-Off” (double L) type specimens in triplicates to determine the Shear strength. The effects of these fibers with different volume of fibers on work ability, density, and on shear strengths of M60 grade concrete are studied. New expressions
for shear strengths are proposed. The specimen was designed to fail in shear at a known plane.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
IRJET- Replacement of Steel with Bamboo as ReinforcementIRJET Journal
This document discusses replacing steel reinforcement with bamboo in concrete construction to reduce costs and environmental impact. It summarizes the results of tests on bamboo and steel reinforced concrete beams. The tests found that bamboo reinforcement has lower tensile and shear strengths than steel but can still carry the loads required for structures like roof slabs and parking areas. Using bamboo instead of steel offers cost savings potential and environmental benefits as bamboo is a renewable material. The document concludes that bamboo is a viable alternative to steel reinforcement for certain low-load structural applications.
Uncertainty in Improving Durability Aspects and Mechanical Properties of Bamb...IJARIIT
The construction industry is the main consumer of energy and producer of carbon dioxide in the present global world. The production of one ton of steel emits more than two ton of carbon dioxide whereas production of one ton of bamboo consumes more than one ton of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. With the ever increasing population and in country like India where 80% of the population live below poverty line, there is a great need of some other suitable material in terms of cost, availability and environment friendly. In this regard many researchers in the past has emphasized on the use of Bamboo as reinforcement. Bamboo offers competitive strength to mass ratio. Since it is a natural material, the necessity to understand their long term behaviors regarding its acceptance by people in general is very important. Due to the advantageous characteristics of bamboo, efforts should be made to publicize the use of bamboo.
In this study, a review of the research work on Bamboo Reinforced Concrete with the emphasis on the various causes which are hurdles in making bamboo reinforced concrete construction as a tool for making the dream of common people for their home come true.
Mechanical Behavior of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Reinforced With Cer...IJCMESJOURNAL
In the present work, the mechanical properties of PMC specimens with various types of ceramic reinforcements were investigated. The PMC specimens were reinforced with glass, carbon fibers and Kevlar. The effect of the % content of the reinforcement material in the matrix and the effect of the applied strain velocity (2,4,6 mm/min) were found to affect the mechanical properties of the specimens.
IRJET-Experimental behavior of Concrete under Compression Load with Steel Fib...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the experimental behavior of concrete under compression load when partially replacing cement with steel fiber and ferrocement. The research involved casting and testing cylinders and cubes of M25 grade concrete with different mixes - some with steel fiber and ferrocement additions and others without. The results showed that concrete with a 0.5% addition of steel fiber and no ferrocement layers had the highest ultimate strain and a 16% increase in compressive strength compared to plain concrete cubes. The research concluded that steel fiber and ferrocement additions can improve the performance and properties of concrete under compression loads.
Evaluation of Tensile and Flexural Properties of Polymer Matrix CompositesIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental investigation on the strength and durability of concrete when using a combination of steel fiber, glass fiber, and fly ash. Various concrete mixes were prepared by replacing cement with different percentages (0-30%) of fly ash and adding different volumes (0-1.5%) of steel and glass fibers. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and workability of the mixes were then tested. The results showed that compressive strength reached its highest when cement was replaced with 10% fly ash and 1.5% fibers were added. Split tensile strength was maximized with 10% fly ash and 1.2% fibers. Flexural strength increased the most with
Experimental study on behaviour of concrete using steel fiber as a tensile ma...KavinKumarR3
Concrete is widely used in all over the world. It gives a compression strength and when it is collaborate with the steel the tension strength is increased. Traditional reinforcement will takes time. So by using the steel fibers in the concrete it will gives the high strength and durability. The fiber will leads to compensate the weakness in the concrete. Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is successfully used in the slabs, flooring, and even in beams. The formation has proved the high tensile strength when it added in the concrete.
The installation of Helical Confinement in the Compression Zone of reinforced High Strength Concrete beams is also investigated in this study. Helical Confinement is more effective than the rectangular ties, Compression Longitudinal reinforcement and steel fibers in increasing the strength and ductility of Confined Concrete. A total number of 3 Specimens were casted. The Pitch distance for helical confinement of two specimens is 50mm, 60mm and the Pitch distance for normal confinement is 50mm. The Specimen is of a size of 600mm X 300mm X 300mm. It contains of 8 mm dia bar as longitudinal reinforcement and 6mm dia bar as transverse reinforcement. M 40 and Fe 500 Grade steels were used. After 28 Days of Curing. The Specimens were taken out and allowed to dry and tested under universal testing machine of capacity 1000 KN. The Effect of Yield strength ductility, were studied from Stress – Strain and Load – Displacement Curves. This Study Concluded the Helical Reinforcement is an effective method for increasing the Strength and Ductility of Reinforcement High Strength Concrete Beam.
This study examined the compressive strength of concrete containing steel fibers and mineral admixtures. Concrete cubes were made with cement replaced by 2-10% silica fume and 10% fly ash, and steel fibers added at 0.5-2% by weight. The cubes were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased with the addition of up to 1.5% steel fibers. The optimum mix was found to be 10% fly ash, 8% silica fume, and 1.5% steel fibers, which achieved strengths comparable to plain concrete without changing workability much.
Concrete’s versatility, durability, sustainability, and economy have made it the
world’s most widely used construction material. The addition of fibers in concrete and
mortar can enhance many of the engineering properties such as flexural strength,
toughness, resistance to fatigue, 1 impact and thermal shocks as well as the failure
mode of concrete. The addition of discrete fibers of small diameter in the concrete
matrix has shown to improve its ductility. An experimental investigation was conducted
to examine the effects of concrete strength and fiber volume ratio on the flexural
strength of engineered glass fiber reinforced concrete beams. Five fiber volume
fractions, 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%, and three concrete grades, M20, M30 and M40, were
designed for the study. The results showed that the flexural strength increased with an
increase in fiber volume fraction and the strength of concrete.
This document summarizes research on the impact resistance of fiber reinforced high-volume slag concrete for rigid pavements. It reviews studies that have found:
1) The addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a partial cement replacement and steel fibers can improve the durability and impact resistance of concrete.
2) Research has shown that high-volume slag concrete with a 1.5% addition of steel fibers exhibited increased impact resistance at 180 days compared to fiber-less slag concrete.
3) Other studies found reductions in pavement thickness and increased flexural strength when adding steel fibers to concrete mixes.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF HIGH STRENGTH FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER PULL OUT...IAEME Publication
The present work deals with an experimental investigation and results obtained on the high strength steel fiber reinforced concrete. The effects of these fibers on workability, density, and on various strengths of high strength concrete (M60 grade concrete) are studied. Present paper emphasises on the Pullout strength of concrete. The fiber content varied from 0.5 to 5% by weight of cement at the interval of 0.5 %. Concrete cubes of 150x150x150 mm with 16mm tor bar embedded
in concrete at the centre of the cube were casted. All the specimens are water cured and tested at the age of 7 and 28 days. Workability of wet mix is found to be reduced with increased fiber content. Super plasticizer is used to increase workability.
Enhancing Compressive and Flexural Strength of High Strength Concrete using S...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using steel and polypropylene fibers to enhance the compressive and flexural strength of high-strength concrete (HSC). It aims to investigate how adding steel fiber at proportions of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, and polypropylene fiber at 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1% affects the compressive and flexural strength of HSC. Previous studies found that both steel and polypropylene fibers improve the mechanical properties of HSC, with higher fiber content leading to greater improvements. The document outlines the materials used to prepare HSC specimens, including cement, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate.
The document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). It provides a brief history of FRC, noting that fibers were initially asbestos but have since been replaced by steel, glass, and synthetic fibers. The document defines FRC as concrete containing fibers, water, aggregate, and cement. It discusses the types and benefits of fibers, including improved ductility and crack resistance. The document also examines factors that influence FRC properties such as fiber volume, aspect ratio, orientation. It provides examples of FRC applications and concludes that FRC improves energy absorption and can reduce costs compared to conventional concrete.
Glass Fibre Concrete: Investigation on Strength and Fire Resistant PropertiesIOSR Journals
Abstract: Over the decades, there has been a significant increase in the use of fibres in concrete for improving
its properties such as tensile strength and ductility. The fibre concrete is also used in retrofitting existing
concrete structures. Among many different types of fibres available today, glass fibre is a recent introduction in
the field of concrete technology. Glass fibre has the advantages of having higher tensile strength and fire
resistant properties, thus reducing the loss of damage during fire accident of concrete structures. In this
investigation glass fibres of 450 mm length are added to the concrete by volume fraction of up to 1% to
determine its strength and fire resistant characteristics. Comparison of the strength and fire-resistance
performance of conventional concrete and glass fibre concrete was made. The paper presents the details of the
experimental investigations and the conclusions drawn there from
Study of the Effect of Optimized Hybrid Fiber on the Strength Characteristics...ijtsrd
To determine the ideal dosage amount of hybrid fibre in concrete mixtures, the strength properties including cube compressive strength, cylinder compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength were examined. By casting a beam for every mix proportion, the structural behaviour and structural performance of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete are determined. Compared to control reinforced concrete, the hybrid fibre addition with 0.75 steel fibre and 0.25 PVA fibre shown good strength characteristics and structural behaviour, according to the experimental examination. For hybrid fibre reinforced concrete, the relationship between several parameters in strength characteristics, structural behaviour, and structural performance is derived by regression analysis. Sanjeev Suman | Gourav Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "Study of the Effect of Optimized Hybrid Fiber on the Strength Characteristics and Structural Performance of the Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52833.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/52833/study-of-the-effect-of-optimized-hybrid-fiber-on-the-strength-characteristics-and-structural-performance-of-the-concrete/sanjeev-suman
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document presents a study on the effect of thickness and fiber orientation on the tensile and flexural properties of a hybrid composite made from S-glass, carbon, and E-glass fibers. Specimens of different thicknesses (2mm and 3mm) and fiber orientations (30°, 45°, 60°) were prepared and tested according to ASTM standards. The test results showed that tensile strength was dependent on fiber orientation and thickness. Specifically, tensile strength increased with thickness and was highest at a 30° fiber orientation for both the 2mm and 3mm specimens.
EFFECT OF CARBON LAMINATION ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE STRUCTURESIAEME Publication
This work consists of preparation and testing of different structural model like cubes, Beams and Columns. They are tested for Compression test, Flexural test and Split tensile Test. The comparison between Laminated and un-laminated Structural Models was made in order to know how much strength gain after testing of these structural models, so by which the rehabilitation of any structure can be done without demolishing it with less weight to strength ratio.
BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER SHEAR IAEME Publication
This paper assesses the effectiveness of steel fibers used along with the shear reinforcement in the formation of the high grade fiber reinforced concrete. Shear strength of concrete is obtained from direct shear test using push off specimens. Shear stress (strength) is calculated as a ratio of load
to the area of shear plane. Tests were carried out on the “Push-Off” (double L) type specimens in triplicates to determine the Shear strength. The effects of these fibers with different volume of fibers on work ability, density, and on shear strengths of M60 grade concrete are studied. New expressions
for shear strengths are proposed. The specimen was designed to fail in shear at a known plane.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
IRJET- Replacement of Steel with Bamboo as ReinforcementIRJET Journal
This document discusses replacing steel reinforcement with bamboo in concrete construction to reduce costs and environmental impact. It summarizes the results of tests on bamboo and steel reinforced concrete beams. The tests found that bamboo reinforcement has lower tensile and shear strengths than steel but can still carry the loads required for structures like roof slabs and parking areas. Using bamboo instead of steel offers cost savings potential and environmental benefits as bamboo is a renewable material. The document concludes that bamboo is a viable alternative to steel reinforcement for certain low-load structural applications.
Uncertainty in Improving Durability Aspects and Mechanical Properties of Bamb...IJARIIT
The construction industry is the main consumer of energy and producer of carbon dioxide in the present global world. The production of one ton of steel emits more than two ton of carbon dioxide whereas production of one ton of bamboo consumes more than one ton of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. With the ever increasing population and in country like India where 80% of the population live below poverty line, there is a great need of some other suitable material in terms of cost, availability and environment friendly. In this regard many researchers in the past has emphasized on the use of Bamboo as reinforcement. Bamboo offers competitive strength to mass ratio. Since it is a natural material, the necessity to understand their long term behaviors regarding its acceptance by people in general is very important. Due to the advantageous characteristics of bamboo, efforts should be made to publicize the use of bamboo.
In this study, a review of the research work on Bamboo Reinforced Concrete with the emphasis on the various causes which are hurdles in making bamboo reinforced concrete construction as a tool for making the dream of common people for their home come true.
Mechanical Behavior of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Reinforced With Cer...IJCMESJOURNAL
In the present work, the mechanical properties of PMC specimens with various types of ceramic reinforcements were investigated. The PMC specimens were reinforced with glass, carbon fibers and Kevlar. The effect of the % content of the reinforcement material in the matrix and the effect of the applied strain velocity (2,4,6 mm/min) were found to affect the mechanical properties of the specimens.
IRJET-Experimental behavior of Concrete under Compression Load with Steel Fib...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the experimental behavior of concrete under compression load when partially replacing cement with steel fiber and ferrocement. The research involved casting and testing cylinders and cubes of M25 grade concrete with different mixes - some with steel fiber and ferrocement additions and others without. The results showed that concrete with a 0.5% addition of steel fiber and no ferrocement layers had the highest ultimate strain and a 16% increase in compressive strength compared to plain concrete cubes. The research concluded that steel fiber and ferrocement additions can improve the performance and properties of concrete under compression loads.
Evaluation of Tensile and Flexural Properties of Polymer Matrix CompositesIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental investigation on the strength and durability of concrete when using a combination of steel fiber, glass fiber, and fly ash. Various concrete mixes were prepared by replacing cement with different percentages (0-30%) of fly ash and adding different volumes (0-1.5%) of steel and glass fibers. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and workability of the mixes were then tested. The results showed that compressive strength reached its highest when cement was replaced with 10% fly ash and 1.5% fibers were added. Split tensile strength was maximized with 10% fly ash and 1.2% fibers. Flexural strength increased the most with
Experimental study on behaviour of concrete using steel fiber as a tensile ma...KavinKumarR3
Concrete is widely used in all over the world. It gives a compression strength and when it is collaborate with the steel the tension strength is increased. Traditional reinforcement will takes time. So by using the steel fibers in the concrete it will gives the high strength and durability. The fiber will leads to compensate the weakness in the concrete. Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is successfully used in the slabs, flooring, and even in beams. The formation has proved the high tensile strength when it added in the concrete.
The installation of Helical Confinement in the Compression Zone of reinforced High Strength Concrete beams is also investigated in this study. Helical Confinement is more effective than the rectangular ties, Compression Longitudinal reinforcement and steel fibers in increasing the strength and ductility of Confined Concrete. A total number of 3 Specimens were casted. The Pitch distance for helical confinement of two specimens is 50mm, 60mm and the Pitch distance for normal confinement is 50mm. The Specimen is of a size of 600mm X 300mm X 300mm. It contains of 8 mm dia bar as longitudinal reinforcement and 6mm dia bar as transverse reinforcement. M 40 and Fe 500 Grade steels were used. After 28 Days of Curing. The Specimens were taken out and allowed to dry and tested under universal testing machine of capacity 1000 KN. The Effect of Yield strength ductility, were studied from Stress – Strain and Load – Displacement Curves. This Study Concluded the Helical Reinforcement is an effective method for increasing the Strength and Ductility of Reinforcement High Strength Concrete Beam.
This study examined the compressive strength of concrete containing steel fibers and mineral admixtures. Concrete cubes were made with cement replaced by 2-10% silica fume and 10% fly ash, and steel fibers added at 0.5-2% by weight. The cubes were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased with the addition of up to 1.5% steel fibers. The optimum mix was found to be 10% fly ash, 8% silica fume, and 1.5% steel fibers, which achieved strengths comparable to plain concrete without changing workability much.
Concrete’s versatility, durability, sustainability, and economy have made it the
world’s most widely used construction material. The addition of fibers in concrete and
mortar can enhance many of the engineering properties such as flexural strength,
toughness, resistance to fatigue, 1 impact and thermal shocks as well as the failure
mode of concrete. The addition of discrete fibers of small diameter in the concrete
matrix has shown to improve its ductility. An experimental investigation was conducted
to examine the effects of concrete strength and fiber volume ratio on the flexural
strength of engineered glass fiber reinforced concrete beams. Five fiber volume
fractions, 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%, and three concrete grades, M20, M30 and M40, were
designed for the study. The results showed that the flexural strength increased with an
increase in fiber volume fraction and the strength of concrete.
This document summarizes research on the impact resistance of fiber reinforced high-volume slag concrete for rigid pavements. It reviews studies that have found:
1) The addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a partial cement replacement and steel fibers can improve the durability and impact resistance of concrete.
2) Research has shown that high-volume slag concrete with a 1.5% addition of steel fibers exhibited increased impact resistance at 180 days compared to fiber-less slag concrete.
3) Other studies found reductions in pavement thickness and increased flexural strength when adding steel fibers to concrete mixes.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF HIGH STRENGTH FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER PULL OUT...IAEME Publication
The present work deals with an experimental investigation and results obtained on the high strength steel fiber reinforced concrete. The effects of these fibers on workability, density, and on various strengths of high strength concrete (M60 grade concrete) are studied. Present paper emphasises on the Pullout strength of concrete. The fiber content varied from 0.5 to 5% by weight of cement at the interval of 0.5 %. Concrete cubes of 150x150x150 mm with 16mm tor bar embedded
in concrete at the centre of the cube were casted. All the specimens are water cured and tested at the age of 7 and 28 days. Workability of wet mix is found to be reduced with increased fiber content. Super plasticizer is used to increase workability.
Enhancing Compressive and Flexural Strength of High Strength Concrete using S...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using steel and polypropylene fibers to enhance the compressive and flexural strength of high-strength concrete (HSC). It aims to investigate how adding steel fiber at proportions of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, and polypropylene fiber at 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1% affects the compressive and flexural strength of HSC. Previous studies found that both steel and polypropylene fibers improve the mechanical properties of HSC, with higher fiber content leading to greater improvements. The document outlines the materials used to prepare HSC specimens, including cement, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate.
The document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). It provides a brief history of FRC, noting that fibers were initially asbestos but have since been replaced by steel, glass, and synthetic fibers. The document defines FRC as concrete containing fibers, water, aggregate, and cement. It discusses the types and benefits of fibers, including improved ductility and crack resistance. The document also examines factors that influence FRC properties such as fiber volume, aspect ratio, orientation. It provides examples of FRC applications and concludes that FRC improves energy absorption and can reduce costs compared to conventional concrete.
Glass Fibre Concrete: Investigation on Strength and Fire Resistant PropertiesIOSR Journals
Abstract: Over the decades, there has been a significant increase in the use of fibres in concrete for improving
its properties such as tensile strength and ductility. The fibre concrete is also used in retrofitting existing
concrete structures. Among many different types of fibres available today, glass fibre is a recent introduction in
the field of concrete technology. Glass fibre has the advantages of having higher tensile strength and fire
resistant properties, thus reducing the loss of damage during fire accident of concrete structures. In this
investigation glass fibres of 450 mm length are added to the concrete by volume fraction of up to 1% to
determine its strength and fire resistant characteristics. Comparison of the strength and fire-resistance
performance of conventional concrete and glass fibre concrete was made. The paper presents the details of the
experimental investigations and the conclusions drawn there from
Study of the Effect of Optimized Hybrid Fiber on the Strength Characteristics...ijtsrd
To determine the ideal dosage amount of hybrid fibre in concrete mixtures, the strength properties including cube compressive strength, cylinder compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength were examined. By casting a beam for every mix proportion, the structural behaviour and structural performance of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete are determined. Compared to control reinforced concrete, the hybrid fibre addition with 0.75 steel fibre and 0.25 PVA fibre shown good strength characteristics and structural behaviour, according to the experimental examination. For hybrid fibre reinforced concrete, the relationship between several parameters in strength characteristics, structural behaviour, and structural performance is derived by regression analysis. Sanjeev Suman | Gourav Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "Study of the Effect of Optimized Hybrid Fiber on the Strength Characteristics and Structural Performance of the Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52833.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/52833/study-of-the-effect-of-optimized-hybrid-fiber-on-the-strength-characteristics-and-structural-performance-of-the-concrete/sanjeev-suman
Because of the excellent strength of concrete reinforced with fibers pulled in the
consideration of researchers throughout the most recent decades. The proposed
technique manages the experimental investigation to determine the properties of
Ternary Blended Fiber Reinforced Concrete (TBFRC) with the assistance of soft
computing methodology performed in MATLAB software. In the present experimental
examination a mix design of M50 is tried at utilizing ternary blend of Ground
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (FA) and Metakaolin (MK) as
partial replacement by weight of concrete at different mixing rates running between
0% – 30% with extra steel and polypropylene fibers. Here, the mechanical properties,
for example, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength, are
anticipated by utilizing Deep Learning Neural Network (DNN) strategy with various
fiber rate. The input factors for the neural network depict the materials and different
mix extents of concrete. In this network structure, the weights are enhanced by
utilizing Adaptive Crow Search Algorithm (ACSA). Additionally by utilizing this
system of ternary blended fiber reinforced concrete is delivered at a sensible cost than
that of traditional concrete. In addition, the Optimal DNN predicted the mechanical
properties optimally for all curing days (28, 56, and 90 days) compared with
experimental and existing strategies (ANN).
IRJET- Effect of Fiber Addition on Mechanical Properties of ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of adding different types and amounts of steel fibers and glass fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete specimens with 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% volume fractions of steel fibers to measure their compressive strength and split tensile strength after 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength and split tensile strength increased as the steel fiber content increased, with the 3% fiber volume fraction specimens exhibiting the highest strengths. Similar tests also examined the effect of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% glass fiber volume fractions. Both steel and glass fibers improved the mechanical properties of concrete compared to normal concrete without fibers.
IRJET- Study in Stress Behaviour of Fibre (Steel & Glass) Reinforced Conc...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the use of steel and glass fibers in reinforced concrete. It discusses how adding fibers can increase tensile, flexural, and shear strength while reducing cracks. The document reviews literature showing that higher fiber volumes (up to 2%) lead to greater improvements in compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. Additionally, it discusses applications of fiber reinforced concrete in India and abroad for structures like roads, tunnels, and parking garages.
STRENGTH CHARACTERIZATION OF GLASSCARON HYBRID REINFORCEMENTS - AN EXPERIMENT...IAEME Publication
This study aims to characterize and quantify the mechanical properties of hybrid
reinforcements which have been introduced in the research field of polymer composites as a
facelift. Hybrid reinforcement is the fusion of more than one type of material into one element.
A combination of glass and carbon in the ratio of 60:40 is used as Hybrid reinforcement in this
study. The carbon fiber is used as the inner core surrounded with glass fiber using epoxy
thermo set resin. This present work is mainly centered on the tensile and transverse shear
strength of glass-carbon Hybrid reinforcements. Hybridisation offers a profitable mode for
manufacturing a product with reduced cost, high specific modulus, strength, corrosion
resistance and in many cases excellent thermal stability. Based on the-way of fabrication,
different types of hybrid composites can be prepared. The current study presents the
experiments that has been carried out on 8 mm diameter hybrid rods using ASTM (American
Society for testing and Methods) standards. The results were compared with 10 mm Glass
Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcements and 10 mm Conventional (steel)
reinforcements. From the experimental observation, it has been found out that hybrid
reinforcement exhibits a tensile strength 1.5 to 2.0 times higher than GFRP and Conventional
reinforcements. Similarly, hybrid reinforcement performs slightly greater Transverse shear
strength than GFRP and Conventional reinforcements respectively.
This document summarizes an experimental investigation that characterized the tensile and transverse shear strengths of glass-carbon hybrid reinforcements. Hybrid reinforcements were fabricated using glass and carbon fibers bonded with epoxy resin via pultrusion. Specimens were tested according to ASTM standards to determine their tensile and transverse shear strengths. Results showed the hybrid reinforcements had tensile strengths 1.5-2 times higher than glass fiber reinforced polymer or steel reinforcements. Hybrid reinforcements also exhibited slightly higher transverse shear strengths. The study concluded hybridization improved composite reinforcement properties for industrial applications.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Concrete made with Portland cement has certain characteristics: it is relatively strong in compression but weak
in tension and tends to be brittle. These two weaknesses have limited its use. Another fundamental weakness of
concrete is that cracks start to form as soon as concrete is placed and before it has properly hardened. These
cracks are major cause of weakness in concrete particularly in large on site applications leading to subsequent
fracture and failure and general lack of durability
A Study on Effect of Sizes of aggregates on Steel Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIJERD Editor
Plain, unreinforced concrete is a brittle material, with a low tensile strength, limited ductility and
little resistance to cracking. In order to improve the inherent tensile strength of concrete there is a need of
multidirectional and closely spaced reinforcement, which can be provided in the form of randomly distributed
fibers. Steel fiber is one of the most commonly used fibers The present experimental study considers the effect
of aggregate size and steel fibers on the modulus of elasticity of concrete. Crimped steel fibers at volume
fraction of 0%.0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% were used. Study on effect of volume fraction of fibers and change of
aggregate size on the modulus of elasticity of concrete was also deemed as an important part of present
experimental investigation. This work aims in studying the mechanical behavior of concrete in terms of modulus
of elasticity with the change of aggregate size reinforced with steel fibers of different series for M30 and M50
grade concretes. The results obtained show that the addition of steel fiber improves the modulus of elasticity of
concrete. It was also analyzed that by increasing the fiber volume fraction from 0%, to 1.5% there was a healthy
effect on modulus of elasticity of Steel Fiber Reinforced concrete.
Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a modern Technology in the field of civil engineering, this ppt gives the overall view about the FRC, Uses of FRC in simplest way.
This document summarizes a student's defense presentation on a proposed MSc research topic investigating the effect of adding human hair fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete. The presentation covers an introduction to the topic, a literature review summarizing previous related research, and a problem statement. The introduction provides background on concrete properties and discusses how previous studies found human hair fiber can increase concrete's compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths. The literature review summarizes several past studies that tested different human hair fiber ratios and lengths and observed improvements. The problem statement indicates the research aims to investigate the effect of adding fiber on fresh and hardened concrete properties to develop an environmentally friendly and sustainable concrete.
IRJET- Study on Utilization of Waste Plastic as Fibres in Fibre Reinforced Co...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using waste plastic as fibers in fiber reinforced concrete. It begins by outlining the large quantities of plastic waste generated worldwide and its adverse environmental effects. Previous studies have shown plastic waste can partially replace other materials in concrete without significantly affecting its properties. The objectives of this study are to examine how different waste plastics impact the strength, durability, and other properties of fiber reinforced concrete when used as fibers. It then reviews several previous studies that tested using various plastic wastes in concrete and found it can improve some properties like strength and decrease weight. The usage of plastic fibers in concrete is discussed as an efficient way to improve its mechanical properties while providing an outlet for plastic waste.
The document is a project report on the construction of a model showing typical applications of fiber reinforced concrete. It includes an introduction, objectives, literature review on the performance and properties of different types of fiber reinforced concrete. The methodology describes casting concrete cubes and beams with and without polypropylene fibers. Test results found that fiber reinforced concrete exhibited slightly higher compressive strength and 31% higher flexural strength compared to regular concrete. Applications of fiber reinforced concrete include pavements, tunnel linings, slopes and more.
IRJET- Strengthening of Steel Fiber Reinforced Beams using GFRPIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that investigated strengthening steel fiber reinforced concrete beams with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets. Five beams were cast - one control beam and four beams wrapped with GFRP at different orientations. All beams were tested under two-point loading. The results showed that wrapping GFRP at the sides and bottom of the beam increased its initial cracking load and ultimate load capacity compared to the control beam. Wrapping GFRP at the sides only provided a 10% increase in load capacity over the control beam. In general, GFRP wrapping improved the load carrying capacity of the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams.
IRJET- Utilization & Effects of Crown Caps on Strength Properties of Conc...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on utilizing crown caps from beverage containers to improve the strength properties of concrete. The researchers conducted experiments adding crown caps as fiber reinforcement to concrete mixtures at 1% by weight. Their results showed that concrete blocks with added steel powder from crown caps increased compressive strength by 41.25% and tensile strength by 40.81% compared to normal concrete. Additionally, concrete specimens with added crown caps exhibited a 25.88% increase in flexural strength. The study demonstrates that waste crown caps can effectively be used as fiber reinforcement to strengthen concrete structures in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner.
Similar to PAST INVESTIGATIONS ON MECHANICAL AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF HYBRID FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
2. Sureshkumar Narayanan, Gurupandi Muniasamy, P. Senthil Kumar, K.A. Ragul, M. Muni Selvam
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
It is outstanding that Conventional concrete is a delicate material under tensile loading. The
mechanical properties of concrete can be improved by haphazardly arranged short discrete
fibers which avert or control commencement, proliferation, blend of cracks. The inclusion of
fibers to concrete in the said sums impacts hardened concrete properties; improvement in
toughness and energy assimilation; accomplishment of higher protection from dynamic load
and decrease in crack dispersing and width. By utilizing mixture of fibers in a concrete
mixture the similar properties of concrete can be obtained as those shown by regular fiber
strengthened concrete yet with the inclusion of a littler quantity of fibers. Also, the utilization
of a mono kind of fiber may improve the properties of FRC to a restricted level. Anyway the
idea of hybridization, which is the way toward including at least two kinds of fibers into
concrete, can offer progressively appealing designing properties as the nearness on fibers
empowers the more productive usage of the potential properties of alternate fibers.
Fiber strengthened concrete (FRC) is certainly not a new idea. Since scriptural occasions
fibers were utilized in establishing development materials as straw and pony hair (Brandt,
2008). In later occasions the asbestos fiber was utilized broadly in auxiliary parts like divider
boards, rooftops and doors to name a view. In the mid 1960's the wellbeing danger of
assembling and utilizing asbestos filaments ended up clear and elective strands were
presented as a substitution (Labib and Eden, 2004).After asbestos strands, steel strands was
one of the principal conceivable choices to steel bar reinforcing, with the main patent being
connected for in 1874. It was anyway just in the mid 1970's that the utilization of these
strands on an extensive scale was seen in the USA, Japan and in Europe
2. PAST INVESTIGATIONS ON HARDENED AND DURABILITY
BEHAVIOUR OF HFRC
W Sun, et al (2000) author reported that:
The durability is the ability to keep going quite a while without critical weakening. Hybrid
fiber fortified workability concrete (HFRC) turns out to be tough material, which is
compelling in opposing the harm caused because of freezing and defrosting because of
synergistic execution of mixture of two different fibers.
It has been reasoned that the execution of hybrid fibers in concrete is superior to anything that
of mono fiber concrete for improved durability in opposing the ruinous impact of freezing and
defrosting and furthermore for strength upgrade.
Qian C.X et al (2000) author noted that:
The strengthening proficiency of hybrid fibers in the low amount fly ash concrete up to 30%
substitution of concrete.
Micro mechanical activity of hybrid fibers in fly cinder based concrete will be improved as for
various proportion of steel and polypropylene fiber addition.
The ideal level of fly ash substitution ought to be between 10 to 30% so as to acquire most
extreme strength of the concrete.
Skazlic. M et al (2001) author reported that:
A survey on the superior high volume fly ash concrete fortified with hybrid fibers tried to
substitute fly ash for concrete which by and large prompts lower quality
They found that steel fiber which is stronger and stiffer, improves the concrete quality, while
polypropylene fiber has the ability to reinforce fragile cementitious materials and is
progressively adaptable and has the property to hold heat for a drawn out time which prompts
improved strength, and strain limit in the post splitting area and retard early cracks.
3. Past Investigations on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 3 editor@iaeme.com
Alwan JM et al (2002) author noted that:
The utilization of superior composite strands takes into consideration the improvement of the
mechanical properties of concrete composites.
Mechanical properties of such composites are resolved prevalently by the interface properties
between the fiber and cementations' network.
The consequences of these tests enable explicit plan parameters to be assessed quantitatively.
Banthia, N et al (2003) author investigated that the :
Utilization of various fiber as reinforcement in concrete for a more prominent durability,
functionality and decrease in crack.
The fiber introduction assumes a critical job to decide the compressive strength, which relies
upon the mixing.
FRC controls the miniaturized cracking, shrinkage and determination under load much
superior to plain concrete.
Wu Yao, et al (2003) author concluded that:
Concretes containing diverse kinds of hybrid fibers at a similar volume part (0.5%) were
looked at regarding compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength.
Three types of hybrid composites were constructed utilizing fiber combination of
polypropylene (PP) and carbon, carbon and steel, and steel and PP fibers.
Test outcomes show that the strands, it utilized in hybrid fiber, should result in better
composite execution looked at than their individual fiber-strengthened concretes.
Songs PS. (2004) author concluded that:
The greatest increment in the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and Poisson's
proportion because of the addition of steel fibers was observed to be very little under 10% in
different grades (GRD) of concrete 35, 65, and 85 MPa.
The most extreme increment in the strain relating to the peak compressive strength was
observed to be about 30% in different grades of concrete 35, 65, and 85 MPa.
Marijan Skazlic and Dubravka Bjegovic (2004) author reported that:
Hybrid fiber-strengthened concrete is a sort of fiber-fortified concrete portrayed by three kinds
of steel strands and two sorts of polypropylene filaments were utilized in analyses. Hardened
properties and sturdiness properties were estimated.
The investigation of the outcomes, acquired for the said properties of half breed and plain
fiber-strengthened concrete in solidified state.
Horiguchi et al (2004) author reported that:
Residual strength of the polypropylene fiber reinforcement demonstrates the most elevated
quality loss in the wake of warming at 200 C and 400 C.
While the most highest quality loss of high quality concrete 4000
C was 60% the hybrid and
steel fiber reinforcement mitigates this strength up to 40%. The fracture energy at 2000C
was
build by the steel, polypropylene and hybrid fibers.
The crack energy of hybrid fiber fortified high quality concrete held moderately higher
incentive than of the polypropylene fiber strengthened high quality concrete.
EI- Tawil et al (2007) author examined that :
Impact of hardened properties of glass fiber and steel fibers in the concrete.
4. Sureshkumar Narayanan, Gurupandi Muniasamy, P. Senthil Kumar, K.A. Ragul, M. Muni Selvam
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 4 editor@iaeme.com
In compressive quality (CS), flexural quality (FS) and split rigidity, the addition of Steel fiber
the strength is increasing straightly, yet in glass fiber up to 1% it is increasing and from 2% it
is diminishing.
It is reasoned that the quality is expanding while at the same time increasing the level of steel
fiber.
Kim DJ et al (2007) author noticed that:
A steel fibers in a concrete enhance all the mechanical properties of concrete, particularly
tensile strength, impact strength and toughness.
The subsequent material has higher rigidity, combined reaction and better ductility.
The recommended condition relates the split elasticity of steel fiber strengthened concrete
with compressive strength and fiber support index Concrete compressive strength.
M.di Prisco et al(2009) author investigated that:
A Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a composite material consisting of cement based matrix
with an ordered or random distribution of fiber which can be steel, nylon, polythene and so on.
Expansion in innovation improves human solaces as well as wreck the eco-framework.
Fiber Reinforced Concrete is commonly made with M40 grade concrete and low water
content. Steel Fiber 1.5% expansion improves probability of concrete and its post-breaking
load conveying limit.
Increases the shape compressive quality 40.00 Mpa concrete in 7 days The most vital
commitment of fiber fortification in cement isn't to quality however to the flexural quality
18% solid materials.
S.P.Singh, et al (2010) author investigated that:
Investigation led to examine the impact of fiber hybridization on the quality attributes such as
compressive quality, splitting tensile strength, and water permeability of steel fiber
strengthened concrete (SFRC) are displayed.
Properties of HSFRC containing mix proportion of steel fibers of various size and plain
concrete is hardened state have been investigated.
Tests such as compressive quality, splitting tensile strength, and water permeability were
conducted on concrete after 7, 28, 90, and 120 days of curing.
S. Taner Yildirim, et al (2010) author concluded that:
The execution under effect loads was exceptionally positive particularly in half and half fiber
fortified cement including glass fiber.
The polypropylene fiber was the more viable than glass fiber fortified cement including 1%
volume percent steel fiber. The fibers reduce the cracks in concrete and the miniaturized scale
or full scale structures of fibers had likewise got a vital impact.
While miniaturized scale organized polypropylene, and glass fibers diminished the smaller
scale cracks then again large scale organized hooked end steel fibers diminished the full scale
cracks.
Hamad BS et al (2011) author examined that:
The impact of fibers was not seen in improving the pre-split execution of the test specimen,
while a ultimate bond quality and post peak bond quality execution expanded fundamentally.
The extreme bond quality is observed to be unequivocally influenced by the compressive
quality as opposed to fiber volume. Brittle failure was more pronounced in specimens with
bigger sizes.
5. Past Investigations on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 5 editor@iaeme.com
The irregular post peak profile of load-slip curve resulting from this brittleness changed to
smooth consistent one as the fiber dosage increased Fibers were found to influence both the
ultimate bond strength and post maximum bond strength.
Y. Y. Zhou et al (2012) author investigated that:
Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete is an embryonic development material which can be
portrayed as a solid having high mechanical quality, Stiffness and toughness.
By use of Polypropylene fiber in cement ideal use of materials is accomplished as well as the
cost decrease is accomplished.
Polypropylene fibers diminish the water porousness, plastic, shrinkage and settlement and
carbonation depth. Workability of concrete with increase in polypropylene fiber volume
fraction.
Polypropylene strands improve the quality of concrete, without causing the outstanding issues,
ordinarily connected with steel fibers.
Corinaldesi V et al (2012) author concluded that:
The mechanical property of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete is more than the strength of
normal concrete.
A rate of strength gain for 7 days strength of HFRC is very high as compared to conventional
concrete.
As % of fiber increases the split tensile strength also increases. Workability drastically
decreases when coconut fiber content is increased in concrete.
Muhammed Yasin Durgun et al (2012) author concluded that:
In their examination, experimental mechanical properties of concrete specimens, with a (w/c)
proportion of 0.47 and having a reference slump of 40 mm, delivered by addition of steel
fibers as well as polypropylene fibers, were researched.
It fiber consideration to solid abatements the workability and that the mechanical properties of
cement can be improved by the expansion of fibers.
Mechanical properties of concrete can be improved by the addition of fibers. Utilizing
monofibers in the concrete marginally builds the compressive strength of concrete
M. Tamilselvi et al (2013) author noticed that:
The increment in compressive strength of SFRC was observed to be in scope of 3 percent
somewhere in the range of 7 and 28 days.
The compressive quality of PPFRC was expanded between 10 percent and 18 percent for 7
and 28 days. Comparing values for Hybrid concrete was expanded by 3 percent to 22 percent
for 7 days and 28 days.
Water absorption consequences of SFRC and hybrid specimen are equivalent to conventional
concrete Be that as it may, on account of PPFRC it was 4% expansion the conventional
concrete.
A. Annadurai et al (2013) author examined that:
The utilization of 80% steel fibers and 20 % polypropylene fibers at every volume part gave
optimum hardened properties.
At hybrid fiber volume fraction of 2.0 % with 80%-20% steel – polyolefin mix has
increasingly noteworthy effect on mechanical properties.
6. Sureshkumar Narayanan, Gurupandi Muniasamy, P. Senthil Kumar, K.A. Ragul, M. Muni Selvam
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 6 editor@iaeme.com
The analysis gave the expectation estimations of compressive strength is closer to trial results,
5 rigidity of steel fiber and hybrid fiber strengthened high quality of steel was having mistake
rate from 0.76 to 14.26 compare and the deliberate value.
T.S. Thandavamoorthy et al (2014) author noted that:
The concrete mix with 4% of polypropylene fiber showed that concrete was increasingly
elusive and hard to smaller. Increase in compressive strength of SFRC was seen to be in scope
of 3% to 60% somewhere in the range of 7 and 28 days, separately.
The compressive strength of PDFRC was seen to increase between 10% and 18%, separately
for 7 to 28 days.
The quick chloride penetrability test is low for M30 grade concrete and Hybrid specimen as
indicated by ASTM 1202 CRITERIA
T.Ch.Madhavi et al (2015) author investigated that:
A polypropylene fiber reinforced Fly ash concrete is a more reasonable concrete compared
with conventional cement.
Replace the fly ash with cement in concrete reduces a environmental pollution
Also addition of polypropylene fibers has reduced the chloride attack by 24.6%. The addition
of 0.4% polypropylene fibers has reduced the chloride attack by 24.6%.
Addition of 60% fly ash has demonstrated that the chloride attack was reduced by 40%.
Sagar Sarangi et al (2016) author reported that:
The test results demonstrates that the weight division of 1% with polypropylene 0.75
substance coir 0.25 combination specimens improves compressive quality and flexural quality
as compared and conventional concrete.
The most extreme compressive strength reaches in the S-3, P 0.75 C 0.25. 75% PP fiber and
25% CC fiber of weight of concrete.
A flexural quality of HFRC containing weight part of 75% PP fiber and 25% CC fiber is
higher than other hybrid fibers.
Hanumesh B et al (2016) author investigated that:
Based on the experimental investigation the maximum permissible limit for RA with 1% PP
fiber is 50% .For 100% RAC with 1% PP fiber volume compressive strength.
The splitting tensile quality and shear strength increases by 15.68% 34.84% and 38.32%
respectively when compared with reference mix proportion.
Nady Mohamed Abd-El-Fattah Morsy et al (2016) author investigated that:
The concrete along with crimped steel fibers are mixed in the following proportions such as
(0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) were tested at 7 days and 28 days curing under flexural behavior.
Testing tests were obtained to raise in temperatures up to (500°C for one hour and two hours)
and the results were considered and exhibited the redesign level procured due to addition of
steel fiber.
The results reveals that the extension of crimped steel fibers has included to improve the direct
tensile strength of the fiber reinforced concrete for both pre and post raised temperature in fire
performance testing.
V.Prabhakaran et al (2017) author concluded that:
The optimum estimations of polypropylene, silica smoke and RHA were resolved for different
mix proportion.
It values are 1% of polypropylene, 7.5% of silica smoke and 15 % of RHA.
7. Past Investigations on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 7 editor@iaeme.com
It has with the expansion of fibers, the crack widths are littler at service load if there should
arise an occurrence of fiber reinforced concrete beams when contrasted with plain concrete
beams.
Sakthi Ganesh G (2017) author concluded that:
To lessen the measure of cement in the concrete mix, fly ash remains was supplanted in the
SCC mix The investigation manages decreasing the concrete substance in the SCC blend with
substitution of 15%, 20% and 25% of fly ash.
The SCC consequently created was oppressed for testing the hardended and durability
properties of the concrete. The testing incorporates compressive quality, split tensile test,
flexural testing and quick chloride infiltration test.
The result finishes up, contrasted with the supplanting of fly ash remains with the level of
25% and 20% the concrete mix with supplanting of fly ash with 15% gives more quality and
more durable.
Ningaraj C. et al(2017) author concluded that:
The compressive quality outcomes exhibits HFRC and alccofine give outstandingly high
compressive quality when contrasted with plain concrete.
In water adsorption test expansion of HFRC and alccofine gives lower water ingestion while
expansion of just fiber increment the percentage.
The material which has less water ingestion which demonstrates top notch suggests that is
expanding toughness.
Ramesh Kanagavel, et al (2017) author noticed that:
The workability reduce the fiber content increments, both in mono-fiber and hybrid fiber
strengthened concrete mix. Mono CFRC blend performed deficiently with concession sway
load. SCHFRC and SCPHFRC specimens confined high effect stacks before hard and fast
disappointment.
The specimen with steel-carbon-PP hybrid fiber exhibited the most raised effect confinement
and the best component of increase in the post break block of about 69.8% in the s3c1p1 mix
The energy required to pass on the essential crack reached out by 5.82 events and the
objectives required to finish disappointment expanded by 9.84 events stood out from the
conventional concrete at 28 days.
P. Lakshmaian Chowdary et al(2017) author investigated that:
The experimental program reveal that hardened properties of GPC are improved with the
addition of SFRGPC
It has exhibited an extension of 11 and 14 % in compressive quality and split tensile strength
separately compared from GPC and HFRGC has seemed essential addition of 25% in flexural
strength appeared differently in relation to GPC.
Addition of fibres in the GPC mix decrease the water digestion and Sorptivity coefficient
values.
Wasim Abbass et al (2018) author noticed that:
The mixed fibers of strands of 1 % large scale steel fiber and 0.15% micro scale PVA fibers
ended up being the best for enhancement in flexural performance of high strength concrete.
The most intense augment in compressive strength of 2-8% was seen with the addition of
hybrid fibers to controlled concrete.
8. Sureshkumar Narayanan, Gurupandi Muniasamy, P. Senthil Kumar, K.A. Ragul, M. Muni Selvam
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 8 editor@iaeme.com
There is no huge contact of hybridization of compressive strength of concrete. An increase in
the flexural strength of mixture with fibers came to up to 150-200% with the various of mix of
various fibers as contrast with that of ordinary concrete.
Mohan Xu et al (2018) author noted that:
The mechanical properties of another sort of hybrid fiber concrete(HFRC) which was fortified
by the steel fiber and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber were
inspected
The characteristics of HFRC is also extended when the UHMWPE fiber are blend dependent
on the steel fiber.
The UHMWPE fiber has continuously clear ramifications for material quality differentiated
and polypropylene fiber when it is mixed with the steel fiber reinforced concrete
M. Balasubrahmanyam et al (2018) author noted that:
The usage of 0.5% steel strands and 0.5% polypropylene fibers at each volume part gave
perfect mechanical qualities.
The compressive strength increased from 5.72%,4.37%, and 7.75% at volume parts of 1%
,1.5%,2% exclusively when differentiated with control mix.
The split tensile strength ranged running from 7.86%, 5.91%, 3.38% at volume parts of 1%,
1.5%, 2% independently when differentiated and conventional concrete.
Piotr Smarzewski (2018) author investigated that:
The superior concrete containing basalt/polypropylene fiber blends of 50/50 % and with just
polypropylene fiber substance of 0/100 % can be articulated as the most proper mixes to be
utilized in HPC for flexural strength.
Compressive strength of all fiber-fortified HPC diminished by 9% (P1) to 20 % (B2)
contrasted and the plain superior concrete.
In split tensile strength increased in all fiber blends up to 79% for polypropylene fiber-
reinforced concrete at the substance of 2%.
P.R.Kannan Rajkumar et al (2018) author found that:
The river sand was incompletely and completely supplanted (100%) by copper slag in
different extents in the solid.
The concrete is additionally added with fiber so as to improve its hardened properties.
The compressive test demonstrates that the esteem increments until a specific estimation of
stream sand substitution, which in the reason is 50 % any further substitution caused a
decrease in the esteem.
Athira Anand (2018) author concluded that:
The Split elasticity is in like manner improved by the expansion of glass fibers and most
extreme is for SGI which is 32.5%.
Flexural quality is similarly expanded by the expansion of fibers and most noteworthy
augmentation is 39.2% acquired first SGI
3. CONCLUSIONS
In light of the above literature survey, manifestly steel fiber (high modulus fiber) which is
more superior and stiffer, improves the quality of concrete, while polypropylene fiber (low
modulus fiber), has the ability to emphasize delicate cementitious materials and is
increasingly adaptable and has the property to hold heat for a delayed time which prompts
improved toughness, and strain limit in the post-splitting section and retard early cracks.
9. Past Investigations on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 9 editor@iaeme.com
Basalt fiber which is high in oxidation opposition and radiation obstruction, fracture energy
and abrasion resistance prompts increment in the flexural strength.
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