This document provides an overview of the different parts of an oil tanker ship through diagrams and descriptions. It discusses areas like the forecastle deck where anchoring and mooring occur, the main deck where manifolds and cranes are located, the accommodation block where the crew lives and works, the engine room that powers the ship, and safety equipment like lifeboats. It also explains how the rudder and propeller enable the ship to move and be steered, and how mooring lines secure the ship safely at berths or buoys. The conclusion warns that if a ship is not properly moored or tied up, surging can damage equipment or cause spills.

1. An education on
the different parts of an
Oil Tanker

2. An Oil Tanker

3. The forecastle or
Foc’sle Deck

4. The Fore Castle Area Or The Bow
Closed Chalk
The Chief Officer stands here when mooring the ship
Anchor Chain
Mooring Bitts or
Bollards
This is the Forecastle or fore or forward part of the Ship.
At this location,the vessel is anchored and Moored

5. A typical Deck Mooring Winch
Hydraulic Motor,
The driving Power
for the winch

6. Bow chain stopper (Tongue Type)
installed on the Foc’sle deck
Primarily used for making fast at a SBM .
Also utilsed as part af the Emergency Towing Apparatus

7. The Fore Castle Area viewed from the side
Fore Mast
Closed Chalks
Anchor
Mooring Wires
Ships side
Mooring tails
Top Side
Bulbous bow

8. A View from dead ahead
Closed Chock used for
Picking up SBM chain and
passing mooring lines
Starboard Anchor stowed in
Hawse pipe
Port Anchor is in the
water & has been used
for Anchoring

9. A typical Hydraulic mooring Winch with Windlass
Anchor Windlass
Warping Drum
Mooring Winches
with wires and tails
Operator platform

10. The Main Deck

11. Ship Side, Midship Area
Hose Handling Crane
Mid Ship store
Manifold
Accommodation Ladder
Or The Gangway
Aft
forward
Ship Side
(Starboard side)

12. Main deck of a vessel
(Courtenay Bay)
A aerial view of the main deck of the ship
Midship crane
Accommodation ladder
Port side or
the left side
of the ship
Manifold
Starboard
side or the
right side of
the ship
Mooring Winch
Walkway Or
Safe access to Bow
Cargo Pipe line
Tank dome
PV Valve

13. Helicopter landing area on a VLCC
Collapsible ship side rails
Nowadays, Helicopters are extensively used
(for Pilot embarking, Crew changes and Stores supplies).

14. A Cargo Hose Handling Crane or the
Midship crane

15. Accommodation Ladder Or Gangway
A typical accommodation ladder
or gangway.
In this picture , the gangway is used for
transferring people (during a bunkering
operation) between two ships.
This Gangway is fixed to the ship and can be
only used if the jetty or other ship is within
its range.

16. MOT Ladder
This is a portable ladder and
can be used in various location
on board the ship. This can be
lifted and placed in position
by the Hose handling crane.

17. Manifold Area
Manifolds
Re
du
ce
r
Cargo Drip Tray
Man hole
Tank Dome used for access
to Cargo or Ballast tank

18. Manifold Reducers
Different
size
Same size,
To fit to ships
manifold
These can be fitted on the manifold, so as to make the same
manifold available for different size of shore connections
To fit to shore
connection

19. Heating Coils
Steam runs through
these coils which in
turn heats up the
cargo in the tank

20. The Pump room

21. Cargo Oil Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps in the Cargo Pump Room

22. Ships tanks

23. Ships Tanks
Cargo and Ballast
A typical Double bottom
space of a water ballast
tank.
Pipe line which carries
the liquid in and out of
the tank
Bell Mouth
Cargo & Stripping

24. The Aft or stern area
or
Commonly referred to as
The Poop Deck

25. The Poop deck Of Courtenay Bay
Pull Back Bit
Closed chalks
Aft Emergency
Towing Arrangement
Mooring winches on
Poop deck
Also called as the stern

26. Poop deck a view from outside
Closed chalks
Mooring wires

27. The Accommodation Block
Or
Crew Living Quarters.

28. Accommodation Block Forward Facing
Radar Mast
Monkey Island is the
highest deck of the ship
Bridge or the Wheel House
Bridge Wing
Port Holes
Pump room vent

29. The Wheel House and Chart Table
The ship is controlled or Navigated from this location.
While the vessel is at Sea, there is an officer and lookout man inside the
wheelhouse at all times.

30. The Steering Wheel On The Wheel House

31. Radio Room Or The GMDSS Panel
Communication of the ship is carried out from Radio Room

32. The Main Mast Or the Radar Mast
Radar Scanner
Christmas Tree
Navigation light
Radio Antenna
Fog Horn

33. Cargo Control Room (CCR)
Pumps and Valve operations for Cargo And Ballast are controlled from CCR

34. Some more spaces in the Accommodation
Cabin, Is were the Ship’s
Crew rest during their off
duty hours
Mess room, Is were the Ship’s
Crew Eat their Meals

35. The living room or Smoke room.
In their off-time, the crew relax
here and watch TV, movies or play
board games.
The Ships Galley or Kitchen.
Food for the crew is prepared here

36. Life boats and Life Rafts
Embarkation Ladder
Life Boat Being Launched
Life Boat davit
Life Rafts
Life boat in Water

37. The Engine Room

38. The Engine Control Room (ECR)
Machinery in the Engine Room can be controlled and monitored from the ECR

39. The Main Engine Of the Ship
This is the Ships Main Engine or Propulsion Plant of the vessel
This piece of machinery generates the power to move the ship through water.

40. Auxiliary Engine Or The Generator
Generates Electricity on board the vessel.

41. Ship’s Funnel with TPM Colours
The Hot Exhaust Gases
from the Main engine,
Generator engine and
Boiler are exhausted to
the atmosphere through
the funnel

42. What makes the ship
move forward and steer ?

43. Rudder and Propeller
Port
Rudder is Used for
steering the ship,
moves in Port or
Starboard directions
Starboard
Main Engine rotates the
Propeller which like a fan pushes
the water and makes the ship
move through the water.

44. Rudder and Propeller
Propeller
Rudder

45. How does the ship stay
safely alongside a berth
or tied up at a buoy ?

46. Ship made fast to a Single Mooring Buoy(SBM)
SBM chain made fast to the ship
Single Buoy Mooring

47. Pictorial view of a Single Buoy Mooring

48. A typical Tanker Mooring at a tanker berth
Aft Spring
Forward Breast line
Forward spring
Aft Breast Line
Head line
Stern lines

49. Composite Buoy Mooring (CBM) Or Multi Buoy Mooring .
Ship’s Anchor
Mooring lines

50. So, if the vessel is not
tied up properly, what
happens ?

51. Safe Ships
Example when a ships moorings has not been done
properly.
This case, the cargo hose parted as vessel surges alongside
• Vessel was alongside discharging cargo of unleaded gasoline.
• While the discharging was in progress, another vessel passed at high
speed causing Sunshine to surge heavily along the berth.
• The surging parted the tails of forward springs.
• The shore gangway was damaged and the cargo hose parted, spilling
approximately 500 bbls of Gasolene into the water.

52. One Hose parted due elongation

53. Damage to shore gangway

54. Thank You