The document discusses theories of parallel universes and the multiverse. It provides background on the multiverse theory, which proposes that our universe is one of many, and explains parallel universes as separate universes that exist independently. The document also covers key concepts from quantum mechanics that provide theoretical support for parallel universes, such as superposition, entanglement, and the collapse of the wave function during measurement. String theory is discussed as another framework that implies the existence of parallel universes defined by different physical laws.
In this presentation, you will come to know about the mystery of parallel universe. Pratanu Banerjee is a science communication and media practice certified. He is interesting in writing on science topics.
In this presentation, you will come to know about the mystery of parallel universe. Pratanu Banerjee is a science communication and media practice certified. He is interesting in writing on science topics.
This is a presentation on time travelling, here i mainly focused on main sub topics to understand the concept of time travelling, i.e.
1) Parallel Space
2) Paradox
3) How to travel through time
4) Evidence
This is a self-made presentation about The Big Bang Theory (NOT the TV show :P) to be given to a lecturer and students of University level. Intended for all those to download who may have presentations to give and can't find a good enough topic :). Everyone else is free to download it for other purposes as well!!
Unveiling the Hidden Dimensions: A Journey into Metaphysical RealmsMontanaDevis
Unveiling the Hidden Dimensions: A Journey into Metaphysical Realms takes you on an extraordinary expedition beyond the boundaries of our physical existence. It invites you to embark on a quest to explore the metaphysical realms that lie hidden beneath the surface of our everyday lives.
In this captivating exploration, you will discover the secrets of energy, vibrations, and the interconnectedness of all things. Prepare to be amazed as you venture into the astral plane, where dreams become tangible and the boundaries of reality are blurred.
Through this transformative journey, you will learn to harness the power of intuition and synchronicity, unlocking the hidden potential within yourself. You will delve into the mysteries of time and space, unraveling the fabric of the universe and discovering your place within it.
Guided by ancient wisdom and modern insights, you will connect with spirit guides and higher beings who will illuminate your path and offer guidance along the way. The cosmic web will reveal itself, showing the intricate threads that weave together all aspects of existence.
As you navigate parallel realities, you will witness the alchemy of transformation, experiencing profound shifts in your perception of reality and self. The path of enlightenment will unfold before you, inviting you to embrace your true nature and step into the fullness of your being.
In this journey, you will confront your shadow self, facing the depths of your fears and limitations, and emerge stronger and more whole. Through energy work, you will learn to heal yourself and others, tapping into the vast reserves of universal life force that flow through all things.
Unveiling the Hidden Dimensions bridges the gap between science and spirituality, revealing the inherent harmony between these seemingly disparate realms. It invites you to embrace a holistic worldview that encompasses both the seen and the unseen, offering a profound understanding of the nature of existence.
Prepare yourself for an illuminating adventure that will challenge your beliefs, expand your consciousness, and ignite the spark of curiosity within your soul. Unveil the hidden dimensions and embark on a journey that will forever change your perception of reality.
This Lecture is based on Scientific Discoveries and Religious Scripture of Sikh religion " Sri Guru Granth Sahib". Surprisingly, Guru Nanak, founder of Sikh religion, was forerunner of Big Bang cosmology; his ideas on Creation of Space, Time and Universe find an echo in Big Bang Cosmological Models proposed 500 years after Guru Nanak's vision recorded in "Sri Guru Granth Sahib". Original quotes from Guru Nanak are recorded in Gurmukhi script/Fonts.
This is a presentation on time travelling, here i mainly focused on main sub topics to understand the concept of time travelling, i.e.
1) Parallel Space
2) Paradox
3) How to travel through time
4) Evidence
This is a self-made presentation about The Big Bang Theory (NOT the TV show :P) to be given to a lecturer and students of University level. Intended for all those to download who may have presentations to give and can't find a good enough topic :). Everyone else is free to download it for other purposes as well!!
Unveiling the Hidden Dimensions: A Journey into Metaphysical RealmsMontanaDevis
Unveiling the Hidden Dimensions: A Journey into Metaphysical Realms takes you on an extraordinary expedition beyond the boundaries of our physical existence. It invites you to embark on a quest to explore the metaphysical realms that lie hidden beneath the surface of our everyday lives.
In this captivating exploration, you will discover the secrets of energy, vibrations, and the interconnectedness of all things. Prepare to be amazed as you venture into the astral plane, where dreams become tangible and the boundaries of reality are blurred.
Through this transformative journey, you will learn to harness the power of intuition and synchronicity, unlocking the hidden potential within yourself. You will delve into the mysteries of time and space, unraveling the fabric of the universe and discovering your place within it.
Guided by ancient wisdom and modern insights, you will connect with spirit guides and higher beings who will illuminate your path and offer guidance along the way. The cosmic web will reveal itself, showing the intricate threads that weave together all aspects of existence.
As you navigate parallel realities, you will witness the alchemy of transformation, experiencing profound shifts in your perception of reality and self. The path of enlightenment will unfold before you, inviting you to embrace your true nature and step into the fullness of your being.
In this journey, you will confront your shadow self, facing the depths of your fears and limitations, and emerge stronger and more whole. Through energy work, you will learn to heal yourself and others, tapping into the vast reserves of universal life force that flow through all things.
Unveiling the Hidden Dimensions bridges the gap between science and spirituality, revealing the inherent harmony between these seemingly disparate realms. It invites you to embrace a holistic worldview that encompasses both the seen and the unseen, offering a profound understanding of the nature of existence.
Prepare yourself for an illuminating adventure that will challenge your beliefs, expand your consciousness, and ignite the spark of curiosity within your soul. Unveil the hidden dimensions and embark on a journey that will forever change your perception of reality.
This Lecture is based on Scientific Discoveries and Religious Scripture of Sikh religion " Sri Guru Granth Sahib". Surprisingly, Guru Nanak, founder of Sikh religion, was forerunner of Big Bang cosmology; his ideas on Creation of Space, Time and Universe find an echo in Big Bang Cosmological Models proposed 500 years after Guru Nanak's vision recorded in "Sri Guru Granth Sahib". Original quotes from Guru Nanak are recorded in Gurmukhi script/Fonts.
This article aims to present possible strategies for humanity to seek its survival with the end of the Universe in which we live. Research on the fate of our Universe, on the existence or not of multiverse or parallel universes and on the development of the final theory or theory of everything, that is, of the theory of the unified field, are important questions to elucidate in order to point out possible strategies for humanity seeks its survival with the end of the Universe in which we live.
hello, friends it time for new scientific consideration ,usually what we think how time pass away,,,,,,,,,o come on i wish to get back in past...also in future......what you say???...take a look........
Abstract: Dr. David Joseph Bohm an American scientist who theorized quantum mechanics in the most ordinary and understandable way, which is somewhat referred to as the “Pilot Wave-model”. Also he prophesized in neuropsychology, and gave the Holonomic model of brain affecting our view of the quantum mechanics. His theories suggest that the phenomenon of “NON LOCALITY” or quantum entanglement is due to the famous “frame dragging” phenomenon predicted by Sir. Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity.
Bohm’s theory also suggests that time doesn’t exist in the way we think it does as stated by “THE BIG CRUNCH” theory. According to it time exists due to the interacting frequencies of the waves due to particle vibrations in space and that the universe never began.
In this paper existence of quantum entanglement is used to question the degree of correctness of the Space-time fabric theory.
The notes and power point are from a class taught by Dr. William Golightly at the 2010 ICEC. The notes/essay attached are particularly good, providing a fairly comprehensive description of where cosmology is at today, as well as listing anthropic fine tuning arguments.
The History of the Universe in 1000 Words or Less: The origin and fate of the...Manjunath.R -
This book is an insightful, understandable, and contemporary perspective on the largest scientific mysteries and provides insight into complex universe-related concerns. The book provides answers to questions about what makes up the majority of the universe, what existed prior to the Big Bang and what exists outside of our universe, whether time always moves forward, whether the universe is infinite or constrained by physical laws, the size of space, and the mass of the universe. This book takes us on an incredible journey through the past, present, and future as well as through physics, astronomy, and mathematics. It demystifies for laymen concepts like antimatter, quarks, black holes, dark energy, and the big bang and completely changes how we view the universe and its fundamental truths.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
2. What is Multiverse or
parallel Universe?
• The multiverse is a hypothetical group of multiple universes that together
comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, energy
and phenomena.
• In other words – it includes our universe, but also theoretically infinite
other universes outside of our own existence. It is still very much a
theory (albeit an intriguing one) and scientists have yet to discover any
concrete evidence to support its possibility.
• it is the cosmological theory of everything. A typical multiverse consists of
pocket universes called alternate worlds, or parallel universes. These are
based on theories such as quantum mechanics and string theory, which
suggest that there are other worlds with different laws than our own
universe. So far, there is no empirical evidence to support theories like
quantum parallelism, although there have been proposals for experiments
to test them—with inconclusive results so far.
3. Continued.....
• In quantum mechanics, multiple states of existence for
tiny particles are all possible at the same time — a
"wave function" encapsulates all of those possibilities.
However, when we actually look, we only ever observe
one of the possibilities. we observe an outcome when
the wave function "collapses" into a single reality.
• But the many-worlds theory proposes instead that
every time one state, or outcome, is observed, there is
another "world" in which a different quantum outcome
becomes reality. This is a branching arrangement, in
which instant by instant, our perceived universe
branches into near-infinite alternatives. Those
alternate universes are completely separate and
unable to intersect, so while there may be uncountable
versions of you living a life that's slightly — or wildly —
different from your life in this world, you'd never know
it.
4. Some sort of history
about that
• the theory that we inhabit a parallel universe is the
most exciting — and unsettling — concepts in modern
cosmology . “There are vibrations of different
universes right here, right now".
• This is the modern interpretation of quantum theory,
that many worlds represent reality,” says Michio Kaku,
professor of theoretical physics at New York
University and author of Parallel Worlds: A Journey
Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future
of the Cosmos.
5. Continued...
• The concept of parallel universes may be novel and disconcerting to
scientists, but it rests very comfortably in ancient Hindu cosmology. The
Puranas, Hindu religious texts thought to date back to between 500 B.C. to
1500 B.C., are replete with descriptions of many worlds whose inhabitants
are ruled by kings in the human plane and gods in a higher plane. The many
gods, in turn, belong to many different worlds and planes of existence. At
the highest level of the hierarchy are the trinity, namely, Brahma, Vishnu, and
Mahesha, ruling the divine kingdoms.
• The Hindu timeline is considered by some to be the closest to modern
scientific timelines. It suggests that the Big Bang is not the beginning of
everything, but is just the start of a present cycle preceded by an infinite
number of universes and to be followed by another infinite number of
universes.
6. Big Bang Theory
• Around 13.7 billion years ago,
everything we know of was an
infinitesimal singularity. Then,
according to the Big Bang theory, it
burst into action, inflating faster
than the speed of light in all
directions for a tiny fraction of a
second. And this expansion is also
known as Cosmic Inflation.
• As the inflation slowed, a flood of
matter and radiation appeared,
creating the classic Big Bang
fireball, and began to form the
atoms, molecules, stars and
galaxies that populate the
vastness of space that surrounds
us.
7. Continued....
• That mysterious process of inflation and the Big Bang have
convinced some researchers those multiple universes are possible, or
even very likely.
• According to theoretical physicist Alexander Vilenkin of Tufts
University says inflation didn't end everywhere at the same time.
While it ended for everything that we can detect from Earth 13.8
billion years ago, cosmic inflation in fact continues in other places.
This is called the theory of eternal inflation. And as inflation ends in a
particular place, a new bubble universe forms,
8. Dose multiverse or parallel
universe exist?
• So It's a pretty huge topic of debate in the scientific community, does
the multiverse exist or not?
• Until 1954,scientists were sure there was only one universe that
contained everything like entirety of space, time, matter, energy and
phenomena.
• But one day back in 1954, a U.S. physicist Hugh Everett, came up with
the first theory of multiverses.
9. Continued.....
• He believed that the universe was constantly splitting and
that each of these splits became its own universe this is
known as Multiple Worlds theory.
• The multiverse theory is the inevitable result of quantum
mechanics, which represents a set of multiple “probable”
states for a particle. When an observation is made, the
particle chooses one of the multiple states measured by the
observer and the other states collapse. This is the most basic
principle behind the existence of many universes or
multiverses.
• There are different views among all the proponents of
multiverses, and Everett's is just one of many.
10. • According to the Multiple Worlds
theory , there's version of me
which giving this seminar and there
is also the probability that I already
had given this seminar in another
world.
• In fact there are infinite me' s and
you' s each in their own universe!
• Some believe these universes are
like bubbles totally unseen by each
other.
• There is also the model that shows
universes looking like sheets
of paper stacked on top of each
other.
11. Key components of quantum
mechanics
• As we know in classical mechanics if know the state of the system ,
say position and velocity of a particle than by using the newton's
second law (F=ma) we can calculate what that particle will do in
future .
• But in quantum mechanics by knowing the quantum state of
the particle we would not able to predict the outcome of
an experiment in advance. we get the different outcomes if
we repeat the experiment over the time.
12. 1. Superposition
• The key concept for not able to
predict the outcome in advance is
due to superposition
nature of the particles.
• Superposition is the idea
that quantum objects can be in
two different state at the same time.
• We can understand it
by double slit experiment where a
single electron somehow goes
through one slit and the other slit
simultaneously and create an
interference pattern. This is
superposition.
13. 2. Entanglement
Consider there is two electrons and the momentum of each in
superposition of states before the measurement and if we try
to measuring the one, wave function of the other one is
collapsed instantaneously and this would we true even if those
electrons were light-years apart.
Than we can say these electrons are entangled and after
interacting they do not have separate wave function at
all they are described by a single wavefunction and this is
what it means to be entangled.
Or we can say by measuring one immediately affects
the state of the other one because the single wave function
is collapsed. Or there is only one wavefunction.
14. 3. Measurement
• In quantum mechanics there is two rule :
• one rule for how system evolve when we are not looking or not
observed it and the other rule when we are looking it.
• Measurement is just the interaction of one quantum system with
another quantum system.
• We can understand it by schrodinger' s cat experiment .
15. Schrodinger's
cat experiment
• Schrodinger's cat thought
experiment put a cat in a box
with a radioactive atom add a
radiation detector that triggers
the release of poisonous cyanide
gas.
• If the atom decays ,
the detector detects radiation r
eleases the poison and the cat
dies
• if the atom doesn't decay the
detector doesn't detect radiation
poison is not released and the
cat remains alive.
16. Continued.....
• So after some time the
wavefunction of
everything inside the box
is in a superposition of the
atom has not decayed poison
not released cat a
live state . And the atom has
decayed , poison
released cat dead state.
17. Continued....
• So according to
the quantum mechanics the cat
really is alive and dead at the
same time . Only when we open
the box and make a measurement
than the wave
function collapse and the
cat actually becomes either
dead or alive.
• But there is still other
outcome is also happened if we
find out the cat is alive at
that particular world than there is
also a world exist where the cat is
dead. Which leads to the concept
of multiverse.
.
18. String Theory
• Scientists have theorized that an infinite number of alternative universes
may exist alongside our own. The idea is not entirely without scientific
precedent. One famous theory goes back to Einstein’s general theory of
relativity, which includes a theory of everything, called string theory. The
broad strokes of string theory suggest that we live in a multiverse, where
different universes are defined by what physics is like on their particular
terms.
• string theorists not only speculate that parallel universes exist, but that
they can come into contact with one another. String theory was
originated by the Japanese-American physicist Michio Kaku.
19. String theory
• His theory says that
the essential building blocks of all
matter as well as all of the physical
forces in the universe — like
gravity — exist on a subquantum
level. These building blocks
resemble tiny rubber bands —
or strings — that make up
quarks (quantum particles), and
in turn electrons, and atoms, and
cells and so on. Exactly what kind
of matter is created by the strings
and how that matter behaves
depends on the vibration of these
strings. It is in this manner that our
entire universe is composed.
And according to string theory,
this composition takes
place across 11
separate dimensions.
20. Arguments for the multiverse theory
Cosmic inflation
• Our universe grew exponentially in the first moments of its existence,
but was this expansion uniform? If not, it suggests different regions of
space grew at different rates — and may be isolated from one
another.
Mathematical constants
• How are the laws of the universe so exact? Some propose that this
happened only by chance — we are the one universe out of many that
happened to get the numbers right.
The observable universe
• What is beyond the edge of the observable space around us? No one
knows for sure, and until we do (which could be never), the thought
that our universe extends indefinitely is an interesting one.
21. Arguments against the multiverse theory
Falsifiability
• There is no way for us to ever test theories of the multiverse. We will never see
beyond the observable universe, so if there is no way to disprove the theories,
should they even be given credence?
Occam's razor
• Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. Some physicists argue that we
don't need the multiverse theory at all. It doesn't solve any paradoxes, and only
creates complications.
No evidence
• Not only can we not disprove any multiverse theory, we can't prove them either.
We currently have no evidence that multiverses exists, and everything we can
see suggests there is just one universe — our own.