This document provides guidance on creating paragraphs with unity, coherence, and completeness. It defines a paragraph as a group of sentences organized around a central topic. To ensure unity, the topic sentence should be clear and all other sentences should directly relate back to and support that main idea. Coherence is created through the use of transition words and consistency in verb tenses and point of view. A complete paragraph requires a topic sentence, at least three supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence that restates the main point. Sample paragraphs and exercises are provided to demonstrate these key elements of an effective paragraph.
Concluding sentences are the last sentences in your paragraphs; their job is to wrap up the main idea(s) of your paragraph, restating their importance.
Mini lesson on achieving Coherence in writing. Give it a try! But before you do, why not try some Coherent Breathing (i.e., breathing "from the heart")- to get in the mood?
Concluding sentences are the last sentences in your paragraphs; their job is to wrap up the main idea(s) of your paragraph, restating their importance.
Mini lesson on achieving Coherence in writing. Give it a try! But before you do, why not try some Coherent Breathing (i.e., breathing "from the heart")- to get in the mood?
Part – 2 Individual Speech Presentation Draft From last week.docxherbertwilson5999
Part – 2
Individual Speech Presentation: Draft
From last week: Email your instructor early in the week to obtain speech topic approval if you have not already done so. Continue researching your topic and create a good thesis statement. Write at least three sentences for the main ideas concerning your topic.
This week, update your thesis statement and your main idea sentences, create at least two subtopics for each of the three main points, and add to your research notes. Use these items to write a first draft for your outline. Do the outline tutorial exercises provided in the lecture. Spend time learning about outlining and solving your topic organization, sequence, and outline problems. Your outline is not due this week. You will complete working on this outline next week. Nothing is due in the Dropbox yet for your speech.
PowerPoint presentations with recorded narration are due in Week 6. Begin practicing the use of your microphone with your computer and the PowerPoint narration feature. See the iConnect tab and the Presentation tab under Course Home for the tutorials on how to use these features.
Note: Notify your instructor now if you do not understand how to create an outline. If you are having great difficulty creating a draft of your outline, e-mail specific questions to your instructor. You may wish to ask for a personal phone call.
Written Assignment: Team Collaborative Outline Exercise
The following is a list of ideas that were brainstormed in a meeting with your company employees. The company needs to include all these ideas in an all-company presentation, but the list is very disorganized right now. What would be the best way to sort these ideas into some sequence of main points with subpoints?
With your assigned team, unscramble the following statements to create a logical outline for an upcoming business presentation. Use standard outline format as described in your textbook.
1. Ensure that the language is used correctly.
2. Speaker credibility influences how listeners feel about the speaker.
3. Character is the quality of being honest, trustworthy, and showing goodwill.
4. Deliver the speech with confidence.
5. Credibility is an extremely important factor in determining speaker effectiveness.
6. Connect the audience to the topic.
7. Practice your delivery.
8. Verbally cite personal subject knowledge.
9. Present error free written materials.
10. Credibility has three primary characteristics: the three Cs.
11. Ensure that typographical errors are eliminated.
12. Charisma is the quality of being assertive, confident, and enthusiastic.
13. Speaker credibility influences the listener's ability to learn or to believe.
14. Demonstrate expertise.
15. Verbally cite expert sources.
16. Connect yourself to the topic.
17. Plan your delivery.
18. Ensure that facts are correct.
19. Competence is the quality of being an expert and intelligent.
20. Connect with the audience on a personal level.
21. Establish common ground.
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Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
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Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
Paragraph unity and coherence
1. Paragraph Unity and
Coherence
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2. What is a Paragraph?
It's a group of sentences organized
around one central topic.
These sentences follow one clear path
through the topic, without detours.
Use these four elements to create
unified paragraphs that don't wander.
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3. Elements that make for
great paragraphs:
1. Unity
2. Order
3. Coherence
4. Completeness
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4. Element #1: Unity
Start with the topic sentence.
Every other sentence supports this one idea
with information that points back to it, or explains
it!
The paragraph is unified around that one idea.
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5. Example: No Unity
The start of this paragraph is incorrect:
"Sunday is my favorite day, because I can
watch football with my dad. There are other
sports on other days to watch on TV."
The second sentence detours from the main
topic: how watching football with dad makes
Sunday your favorite day.
Copyright 2012 www.time4writing.com/free-writing-resources Copyright 2012
6. Don't include unrelated details
Sentences like these don't relate to the main
idea in the topic sentence:
"There are other sports on other days to
watch on TV."
OR
"Some days my dad doesn't make it home from
work until after I'm in bed."
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7. Example of Unity
This is a better start to the paragraph:
"Sunday is my favorite day, because I can
watch football with my dad. He spends the
whole day watching football on TV with me,
since he doesn't have to work that day."
The second sentence elaborates on the main
topic. This is a unified start.
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8. Element #2: Order
You can order your supporting sentences in
different ways:
1. by chronology: the order of events in time
2. by importance: the order of most to least
important, or least to most important
3. by logic: the order that makes the most
sense based on the topic
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9. Why is order important?
Random sentences cause confusion.
Without organization of your sentences, it's
hard to tell what your main idea is.
Order helps you make your point, and
helps the reader follow along from one idea to
the next one, until you prove your conclusion.
Copyright 2012 www.time4writing.com/free-writing-resources Copyright 2012
10. What is the correct order of these sentences?
•And if I'm really late, I even miss the
school bus.
•If I forget to set my alarm, I get up late
and rush through everything.
•As a result, I often have to gulp my
breakfast.
•It's always much better if I remember to set
the alarm, so I have more time to get ready.
•I also might rush out and forget my books.
Can you see why order is important?
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11. Element #3: Coherence
This is how you make your writing
understandable to the reader.
You make your paragraph coherent by
connecting ideas to one another.
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12. Two Ways of Creating
Coherence:
1. Use transition words to create bridges
from one sentence to the next.
2. Be consistent in using verb tenses and
point of view.
This makes the paragraph work as a whole
unit, with everything working together.
Copyright 2012 www.time4writing.com/free-writing-resources Copyright 2012
13. 1. Types of Transition Words:
•words that show order:
first, second, third
•words showing spatial relationships:
above, below, beside
•words showing logical order:
furthermore, in fact, in addition
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14. 2. Verb Tenses and Point of View:
Verb tenses should all be consistently present
tense, or consistently past tense.
"Sunday used to be [past] my favorite day,
because I could [past] watch football with my
dad. He spends [present] the whole day
watching football on TV with me, since he
doesn't have to [present] work that day."
This is not unified in tense!
Copyright 2012 www.time4writing.com/free-writing-resources Copyright 2012
15. 2. Verb Tenses and Point of View:
Point of View: write from the point of view of the
same person throughout the whole paragraph.
"Sunday is his favorite day, because he
can watch football with his dad. I have lunch
with my dad while we watch a game together."
Point of view changes from "he/his" to "I/my" in the
second sentence -- not good!
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16. Element #4: Completeness
For a complete paragraph, you need enough
information to support the main idea, or prove
your thesis.
If all sentences clearly and thoroughly support
the main idea, the paragraph is complete.
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17. Main parts of a Complete Paragraph
1. Topic sentence: an interesting subject and
its controlling idea
2. Supporting sentences: usually at least
three, to develop the main idea thoroughly
3. Concluding sentence: to summarize the
main idea and reinforce the topic sentence
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18. Sample Paragraph with all 4 Elements:
"Sunday is my favorite day because I spend the
day watching football with my dad. On Sunday,
unlike the other days of the week when he
works, my dad spends the whole day with me
watching football on TV. We even eat lunch
together while watching. The highlight of the
day is watching the Dolphins game. Dad and I
get so excited, we yell and cheer together. On
Sundays, I get to combine watching my favorite
sport and spending time with my favorite
person—what a great day!"
Copyright 2012 www.time4writing.com/free-writing-resources Copyright 2012
19. The end.
More free PARAGRAPH WRITING resources:
•the topic sentence
•supporting details
•the concluding sentence
•types of paragraphs
Eight-week PARAGRAPH WRITING courses:
•elementary school
•middle school
•high school
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