This document summarizes information about Bhendi Yellow Vein Clearing virus, which infects okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and causes significant crop loss. The single-stranded DNA virus is transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Symptoms include yellow and green mottling of leaves with thickened veins. The disease prevalence is highest during the summer rainy season due to increases in the whitefly vector population. Management strategies include growing resistant varieties, maintaining proper spacing, using yellow sticky traps, and applying appropriate insecticides when whitefly counts reach economic thresholds.

1. Bhendi Yellow Vein Clearing
STUDENT
Miss. PANDEESWARI P
ID. No. 2015021091
COURSE TEACHER
Dr. PARTHASARATHY S
Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)

2.  Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) belongs to
the family Malvaceae.
 It is an important growing crop of Indo-Pak sub-
continent.
 This viral diseases infects during all the stages of
growth. The most susceptible stage of is from 35 to 50
days.

3.  Bhendi yellow vein mosaic was first reported
in okra plants in 1924 in India and Sri Lanka.
 It is the most devastating disease in all the bhendi
growing regions of India.

4.  The great loss observed during rainy season.
 In case the plants get infected at early stages of
development it causes 80% of crop loss.
 If the plants are infected at 50 and 65 days after
germination suffer a loss of 84 and 49 percent
respectively. The extent of damage declines with the
delay in infection.

5. Group II : ssDNA virus
Family : Geminiviridae
Genus : Begomovirus
Species : Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus

6.  The symptoms include alternate green and yellow
patches, vein clearing, and vein chlorosis of leaves.
 The yellow network of veins is very conspicuous,
and vein and veinlets are thickened.

7.  In severe cases, the chlorosis may extend to the
interveinal area and may result in complete
yellowing of leaves.
 Infected plants stunted and bear very deformed and
small, yellow green fruits.

8. ©apsnet.org

9. ©https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com

10. ©https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com

11.  Pathogen name: Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus
 Wild hosts of virus : Rail weed (Croton sparsiflora),
and goat weed (Ageratum sp).
 The causal agent is the single-stranded DNA.

12.  Vector -Whitefly- Bemisia tabaci - Aleyrodidae
 The whitefly vector reproduces to significant
numbers during the summer season when it
transmits the virus between okra plants.

13. ©agritech.tnau.ac.in/crop-protection

14.  The insect vectors transmit the virus from wild hosts
to the main crop. The disease is not seed borne.
 A continuous cycle is maintained through wild or
cultivated hosts.
 Climatic factors favour the population build up of
vectors and the prevalence of wild hosts.

15.  Grow resistant varieties like Parbhani Kranti, Arka
Abhay, Arka Anamika and Varsha Uphar to minimise
the incidence of the disease.
 Maintain proper crop spacing.
 Raise maize as a border crop to trap the insect.
 Set up yellow sticky traps @12/acre above the plant
height to minimize the pest incidence.

16.  Synthetic Pyrethroids should not be used because
they will aggravate the situation.
 When the infestation is 5-10 nymphs or adults per
leaf before 9 A.M. then go for chemical control:
 Spray acephate 75% SP @ 3 gm/ lit of water.
 Apply chlorpyrifos 20% EC @ 2.5 ml + Neem oil @ 2 ml/
litre of water

17.  R.S.Singh, Plant Diseases, Oxford &IBH
Pubilshing, co.pvt.Ltd-9th Edition, New Delhi.
PageNo(539-542).
 https://www.apsnet.org
 https://www.plantwise.org
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov