This document summarizes a research study that analyzed social media comments related to a 2015 incident of alleged police brutality against African American teenagers in McKinney, Texas. The study used critical race theory to examine how YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook users interpreted and discussed video evidence of the incident. It found that social media allows for alternative narratives and interpretations of news events, and serves as a platform for marginalized groups to frame issues in a way that challenges mainstream media. The discussion of police brutality on social media is part of the larger #BlackLivesMatter movement that seeks to draw attention to mistreatment of African Americans by law enforcement.
The Dress vs. Ebola: The Effect of Different News Sources on Social Action.Deborah Tuggy
Abstract
Abstract
This study looks at how different types of news sources affects social action. It predicts that infotainment consumption is related inversely with social action, while news consumption is positively correlated with societal action. Findings show that most respondents use both social media and online news as news sources, and that while there is a relationship between different types of news media sources and different types and varying frequencies of social action, other factors such as religiosity, political party, sex, SES and class year have an impact as well. Thus the casual model is a much more complex and complicated one than expected, and it would be fascinating to further explore this phenomenon.
Lincoln and Douglas meet the abolitionist David Walker as prisoners debate sl...eraser Juan José Calderón
Lincoln and Douglas meet the abolitionist David Walker as prisoners debate slavery: Empowering education, applied communication, and social justice. Stephen Hartnett
This article discusses an instance of case-specific self-inflicted partial media capture, acknowledging the chilling effect of legislation consistent with partial
state capture. In general, this case illustrates the ethical and legal dilemmas in the
reporting of a specific type of large-scale corruption in the media, which involves
the denial of all accusations by most sources and a controversial stand by state authorities and politicians on the issue, forcing the media to primarily report rumors or
contradictory claims and denials (after controversial files regarding the corruption
were made public anonymously on the internet) or desist from reporting altogether
(before the files were made public on the internet, due to possible libel threats). The
findings question the normative expectations expressed in democratic theory related
to the role of the media as a watchdog, in the specific context of large-scale corruption
in post-communist states. Moreover, this paper suggests the need to re-examine the
methodological aspects of quantitative content analysis of media coverage of corruption. This paper has also attempted to update the emerging theory on media capture
with the term partial case-specific media capture.
YARIMAR BONILLA
Rutgers University
JONATHAN ROSA
University of Massachusetts Amherst
#Ferguson:
Digital protest, hashtag ethnography, and the racial politics
of social media in the United States
A B S T R A C T
As thousands of demonstrators took to the streets of
Ferguson, Missouri, to protest the fatal police
shooting of unarmed African American teenager
Michael Brown in the summer of 2014, news and
commentary on the shooting, the protests, and the
militarized response that followed circulated widely
through social media networks. Through a
theorization of hashtag usage, we discuss how and
why social media platforms have become powerful
sites for documenting and challenging episodes of
police brutality and the misrepresentation of
racialized bodies in mainstream media. We show
how engaging in “hashtag activism” can forge a
shared political temporality, and, additionally, we
examine how social media platforms can provide
strategic outlets for contesting and reimagining the
materiality of racialized bodies. Our analysis
combines approaches from linguistic anthropology
and social movements research to investigate the
semiotics of digital protest and to interrogate both
the possibilities and the pitfalls of engaging in
“hashtag ethnography.” [digital anthropology, digital
activism, social movements, social media, semiotics,
race, Twitter, Michael Brown, United States]
O
n Saturday, August 9, 2014, at 12:03 p.m., an unarmed black
teenager named Michael Brown was fatally shot by a police offi-
cer in Ferguson, Missouri, a small town on the outskirts of St.
Louis. Within the hour, a post appeared on the Twitter social
media platform stating, “I just saw someone die,” followed by
a photograph taken from behind the beams of a small wooden balcony
overlooking Canfield Drive, where Michael Brown’s lifeless body lay uncov-
ered, hands alongside his head, face down on the asphalt.1 Immediately
following the incident, community members assembled to demand an ex-
planation for why this unarmed 18-year-old had been seemingly executed
while reportedly holding his hands up in a gesture of surrender, plead-
ing “don’t shoot.” The impromptu gathering soon turned into a sustained
protest marked by daily demonstrations and violent confrontations with
highly armed local police—all of which were documented in detail across
social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and Vine.
Occurring on the heels of other highly publicized killings of unarmed
black men—such as Eric Garner (who died as a result of an illegal choke-
hold by New York City police just weeks before the events in Ferguson), Os-
car Grant (whose death was emotionally portrayed in the award-winning
film Fruitvale Station released just one year prior), and 17-year-old Trayvon
Martin (whose 2012 killing sparked national outcry and spurred numer-
ous forms of activism)—the death of Michael Brown quickly captured
the imagination of thousands across and beyond the United States.2
Protestor ...
Exploring the Tools for Meme PropagationJoe Brewer
In this research report, I explore how we currently monitor cultural trends in our campaign efforts. I also want to begin mapping out the tools and capabilities that will be needed to fully operate as a “meme spreading” organization in the days ahead. We recently launched the One Party Planet pamphlet and have gathered a suite of social analytics that reveal much—both as indicators of spreading and as a demonstration of how much deeper and more nuanced our understandings will need to become as we adopt more sophisticated tools for cultural research moving forward.
The approach I take is to compare the spreading of One Party Planet with several memes that went viral as the United States experienced major racial conflict in the last two weeks. By doing so, we can begin to articulate what kinds of monitoring and analytic tools will be needed to fully implement our mission of taking radical ideas into the mainstream.
The Dress vs. Ebola: The Effect of Different News Sources on Social Action.Deborah Tuggy
Abstract
Abstract
This study looks at how different types of news sources affects social action. It predicts that infotainment consumption is related inversely with social action, while news consumption is positively correlated with societal action. Findings show that most respondents use both social media and online news as news sources, and that while there is a relationship between different types of news media sources and different types and varying frequencies of social action, other factors such as religiosity, political party, sex, SES and class year have an impact as well. Thus the casual model is a much more complex and complicated one than expected, and it would be fascinating to further explore this phenomenon.
Lincoln and Douglas meet the abolitionist David Walker as prisoners debate sl...eraser Juan José Calderón
Lincoln and Douglas meet the abolitionist David Walker as prisoners debate slavery: Empowering education, applied communication, and social justice. Stephen Hartnett
This article discusses an instance of case-specific self-inflicted partial media capture, acknowledging the chilling effect of legislation consistent with partial
state capture. In general, this case illustrates the ethical and legal dilemmas in the
reporting of a specific type of large-scale corruption in the media, which involves
the denial of all accusations by most sources and a controversial stand by state authorities and politicians on the issue, forcing the media to primarily report rumors or
contradictory claims and denials (after controversial files regarding the corruption
were made public anonymously on the internet) or desist from reporting altogether
(before the files were made public on the internet, due to possible libel threats). The
findings question the normative expectations expressed in democratic theory related
to the role of the media as a watchdog, in the specific context of large-scale corruption
in post-communist states. Moreover, this paper suggests the need to re-examine the
methodological aspects of quantitative content analysis of media coverage of corruption. This paper has also attempted to update the emerging theory on media capture
with the term partial case-specific media capture.
YARIMAR BONILLA
Rutgers University
JONATHAN ROSA
University of Massachusetts Amherst
#Ferguson:
Digital protest, hashtag ethnography, and the racial politics
of social media in the United States
A B S T R A C T
As thousands of demonstrators took to the streets of
Ferguson, Missouri, to protest the fatal police
shooting of unarmed African American teenager
Michael Brown in the summer of 2014, news and
commentary on the shooting, the protests, and the
militarized response that followed circulated widely
through social media networks. Through a
theorization of hashtag usage, we discuss how and
why social media platforms have become powerful
sites for documenting and challenging episodes of
police brutality and the misrepresentation of
racialized bodies in mainstream media. We show
how engaging in “hashtag activism” can forge a
shared political temporality, and, additionally, we
examine how social media platforms can provide
strategic outlets for contesting and reimagining the
materiality of racialized bodies. Our analysis
combines approaches from linguistic anthropology
and social movements research to investigate the
semiotics of digital protest and to interrogate both
the possibilities and the pitfalls of engaging in
“hashtag ethnography.” [digital anthropology, digital
activism, social movements, social media, semiotics,
race, Twitter, Michael Brown, United States]
O
n Saturday, August 9, 2014, at 12:03 p.m., an unarmed black
teenager named Michael Brown was fatally shot by a police offi-
cer in Ferguson, Missouri, a small town on the outskirts of St.
Louis. Within the hour, a post appeared on the Twitter social
media platform stating, “I just saw someone die,” followed by
a photograph taken from behind the beams of a small wooden balcony
overlooking Canfield Drive, where Michael Brown’s lifeless body lay uncov-
ered, hands alongside his head, face down on the asphalt.1 Immediately
following the incident, community members assembled to demand an ex-
planation for why this unarmed 18-year-old had been seemingly executed
while reportedly holding his hands up in a gesture of surrender, plead-
ing “don’t shoot.” The impromptu gathering soon turned into a sustained
protest marked by daily demonstrations and violent confrontations with
highly armed local police—all of which were documented in detail across
social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and Vine.
Occurring on the heels of other highly publicized killings of unarmed
black men—such as Eric Garner (who died as a result of an illegal choke-
hold by New York City police just weeks before the events in Ferguson), Os-
car Grant (whose death was emotionally portrayed in the award-winning
film Fruitvale Station released just one year prior), and 17-year-old Trayvon
Martin (whose 2012 killing sparked national outcry and spurred numer-
ous forms of activism)—the death of Michael Brown quickly captured
the imagination of thousands across and beyond the United States.2
Protestor ...
Exploring the Tools for Meme PropagationJoe Brewer
In this research report, I explore how we currently monitor cultural trends in our campaign efforts. I also want to begin mapping out the tools and capabilities that will be needed to fully operate as a “meme spreading” organization in the days ahead. We recently launched the One Party Planet pamphlet and have gathered a suite of social analytics that reveal much—both as indicators of spreading and as a demonstration of how much deeper and more nuanced our understandings will need to become as we adopt more sophisticated tools for cultural research moving forward.
The approach I take is to compare the spreading of One Party Planet with several memes that went viral as the United States experienced major racial conflict in the last two weeks. By doing so, we can begin to articulate what kinds of monitoring and analytic tools will be needed to fully implement our mission of taking radical ideas into the mainstream.
37 role of social media in political and regime change the college studyMary Smith
It is an educational blog and intended to serve as complete and self-contained work on essays, paragraph, speeches, articles, letters, stories, quotes.
https://www.thecollegestudy.net/
Kim, M.J., & Park, H. W. (2012). Measuring Twitter-Based Political Participat...Han Woo PARK
Kim, M.J., & Park, H. W. (2012). Measuring Twitter-Based Political Participation and Deliberation in the South Korean Context by Using Social Network and Triple Helix Indicators. Scientometrics. 90 (1), 121-140.
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11192-011-0508-5#page-1
A. I need to remind the people who help me with this paper that my.docxrhetttrevannion
A. I need to remind the people who help me with this paper that my experience is not with a disabled child, but I experience with an adult disabled person.
B. My paper’s topic is “The physical health of adults with disabilities.”
C. Please follow the information that the teacher give us.
D. Please find 12 references those about “the physical health of adults with disabilities.”
As you complete the assigned reading for class on April 23, please submit short answers to the Three Things to Know.
2 sentences for each of the below questions
· How does media impact what we learn, as well as the way we learn?
· How has the nature of digital media made it central to our thinking and behavior?
· How has the nature of digital media shown the potential for limits of human control of media?The Crisis in Journalism
Internet-based companies have used technology to disrupt existing industries, undermining the financial foundation for traditional journalism (Franklin 2011; Jones 2009; McChesney and Pickard 2011; Meyer 2009). Subscriptions that had once funded newspaper journalism plummeted as users flocked to “free” online content. Print advertising, which had made up the bulk of revenue for news organizations, also fled to the internet; Craigslist and eBay replaced the newspaper classified ads, whereas Google, Facebook, and online ad brokers replaced display ads. As users and advertisers moved online, publishers decided they had to follow.
Stand-alone news websites offered free online content, reinforcing the expectation that news should be available without cost. Some introduced pay walls to try to recapture some lost revenue. In the hope of finding greater readership, “distributed content” became common, where publications allowed their content to appear on Facebook and other platforms. Unfortunately, of the people who find a news story from social media, about two-thirds remember the social media site where they found it, but fewer than half remember which news outlet originally published it (Kalogeropoulos and Newman 2017). Still, publishers competed to create content that met the format and content preferences of those platforms. When Facebook research showed users engaged with video presentations more than text, the call for news outlets to “pivot to video” followed. In one example, The Washington Post, best known for its sober political coverage, began creating scripted funny videos as a way to attract more users via distributed content (Bilton 2017).
That is a change from how news organizations have operated in the past. At legacy news sites—whether the printed newspaper or online website—news organizations offer the user a package of content. Users might skim the headlines, check out the sports, and delve deep into a feature article—all from a single news outlet. That means the editorial staff at the outlets produces a well-rounded package of information and news, along with lighter lifestyle and entertainment stories. With distributed content,.
Surname 1
Professor:
Name:
Subject:
Date:
Description
In this paper, I will centre on Development for Dark Lives to decide if the messages the association endeavours to convey coordinate to the casings of the media. The Twitter hashtag #blacklivesmatter was at first utilised "after seventeen-year-old Trayvon Martin was posthumously placed on trial for his murder and the killer […] was not held accountable for the crime he committed… as a response to the anti-black racism that permeates our society” (Randall and Lisa). The hashtag and in this manner the development removed off and developed from a response to a string of exceptionally plugged events of police ruthlessness bringing about the passings of a few unarmed Dark individuals and the recordings of the killings being shared crosswise over internet-based life, making a national discourse. These activities denoted the start of development and started consideration over the Assembled States. This movement is often referred to as Black Lives Matter since this statement as a hashtag on social media is what led to the growth of the action.
This study attempts to uncover and understand the language used and the pictures painted about the Movement for Black Lives through media frames. The research examines cable news network Fox News as well as one daily national newspaper, the New York Times. The study utilised the New York Times because the paper is considered the arbiter of news with regard to setting the agenda in the United States and because it is the “national print source most widely used by collective action researchers” (Emanuel and Ezekiel 17).
Analysis
Interpretation
While the Fox News uses video sources as its investigative platform, the New York Times uses article content with attached links to confirm the narrative. This demonstrated the difference in these media outlet in their approach to investigative reporting. Although the Fox News develop interviews with prominent individual and is attractive to most of the American Citizen, the operation of the news may not be transparent and objective as the public believes. Besides, the people being interview lack the fact to back their information which interferes with the credibility of the presented message. On the other hand, the New York Times appears to have enforced transparency of the information. The source of information is backed with links which are used in the background to further the story and to progress the investigation. For instance, the main information has been picked and filtered to highlight some real facts which are relevant as background material. This key point heavily plays into what citizens view and are allowed to receive; essential the regulation over the import and export of information.
Evaluation
While the New York Times serves as a function of the “the 4th Estate for the nation, Fox News fails to consider the significance of “the 4th Estate” to the society. The outlets differ in their passing along.
Manipulating Social Media to Undermine Democracy 2017 Final Alireza Ghahrood
his report was made possible by the generous support of the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (DRL), Google, the German Federal Foreign Office, the Internet Society, Yahoo, and Golden Frog. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of Freedom House and does not necessarily represent the views of its donors.This booklet is a summary of findings for the 2017 edition of Freedom on the Net. A full volume with 65 country reports assessed in this year’s study can be found on our website at www.freedomonthenet.org.
Manipulating Social Media to Undermine Democracy Online content manipulation contributed to a seventh consecutive year of overall decline in internet freedom, along with a rise in disruptions to mobile internet ser-vice and increases in physical and technical attacks on human rights defenders and independent media.Nearly half of the 65 countries assessed in Freedom on the Net 2017 experienced declines during the coverage period, while just 13 made gains, most of them minor. Less than one-quarter of users reside in countries where the internet is designated Free, meaning there are no major obstacles to access, onerous restrictions on content, or serious violations of user rights in the form of unchecked surveillance or unjust repercussions for legitimate speech.The use of “fake news,” automated “bot” accounts, and other manipulation methods gained particular atten-tion in the United States. While the country’s online environment remained generally free, it was troubled by a proliferation of fabricated news articles, divisive partisan vitriol, and aggressive harassment of many journalists, both during and after the presidential election campaign. Russia’s online efforts to influence the American election have been well documented, but the United States was hardly alone in this respect. Manipulation and disinformation tactics played an important role in elections in at least 17 other countries over the past year, damaging citizens’ ability to choose their leaders based on factual news and authentic debate. Although some governments sought to support their interests and expand their influence abroad—as with Russia’s disinformation campaigns in the United States and Europe—in most cases they used these methods inside their own borders to maintain their hold on power
Temple Law School/ICAS Joint Lecture:
#vivalarevolucíon: New Millennium Political Protests
Slides for John Russell
Speakers:
David H. Slater, Professor of Cultural Anthropology and Japanese Studies and Director of the Institute of Comparative Culture, Sophia University
John Russell, Professor of Anthropology, Gifu University
William Andrews, writer and translator.
Sarajean Rossitto, Nonprofit NGO Consultant
Moderator:
Tina Saunders, Director and Associate Professor of Instruction in Law, Temple University School of Law, Japan Campus
ICAS public lecture series videos are posted on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLAA67B040B82B8AEF
Social Media and PoliticsLearning objectivesLearning objec.docxjensgosney
Social Media and Politics
Learning objectives
Learning objectives include an understanding of the following:
· The role of social media in democracy
· The role of social media in advancing political reforms
· How social media create polarization
Introduction
Social Media are now a central component of democracy. The media are increasingly associated with political organizing, elections campaigns, accountability, and generally a more engaged citizenry. Social media are a dominant platform through which everyday citizens can share, organize, and communicate their ideas. People regularly use the media to acquire information about leaders and public policy related areas like the environment, education, health and so on. Many public offices now have websites that include social media functions in their communication with the public. Collectively, social media provide a public sphere where individuals can interact with likeminded people on political issues and provide criticism and support for leaders. However, while social media platforms make many issues accessible to increasingly large groups, the media have the potential to create polarization. Specifically, many blogs are quite subjective while some forms of media promote hatred and intolerance. Additionally, it is also difficult to examine the extent to which social media really alters public opinion as more research is needed. Lastly, questions remain on how much time users are prepared to devote their time on the social media for political problems.
Social Media and Elections
Popular social networks have transformed the use of the internet as a political tool for democratic transitions. Barack Obama’s historic in 2008 win was attributed to a new media strategy inspired by popular networks such as MySpace and Facebook. The campaign’s website My.BarackObama.com, allows supporters to join local groups, create events, sign up for updates and set up personal fund-raising pages. The campaign was spearheaded by Chris Hughes, a co-founder of Facebook. The social networks helped Obama raise more than two million donations of less than $200 each (Stelter, 2008). This success was based on huge investments on social media. The campaign spent $3 million on online advertising that targeted potential voters and online tools providing details of voting locations (Stelter, 2008).
Similarly, social media was extensively used in Canada’s 2011 elections. The elections were dubbed the “social media elections” or “election 2.0.” Harris (2011) observed that the social media served as “a one-stop shopping for parodies, speech remixes, gotcha moments, unconventional ads, and attacks so fiery, they risk scorching your computer monitor.” Two "vote mob" videos simultaneously held spots in the Top 10 on YouTube. A satirical video juxtaposing a Harper speech with an address by Star Wars' evil Emperor Palpatine drew more than 114,000. The University of Guelph's "vote mob" videos were viewed more than 33,000 .
This is an invited talk I presented at the University of Zurich, speakers' series 2.10.2017. The presentation is based on the following paper: Brandtzaeg, P. B., & Følstad, A. (2017). Trust and distrust in online fact-checking services. Communications of the ACM. 60(9): 65-71
American election watching in Myanmar: Consideringsocial media and Buddhist-M...MYO AUNG Myanmar
American election watching in Myanmar:
Considering social media and Buddhist-Muslim conflict.As Myanmar continues to face violence between Buddhist and Muslim communities a number of
voices, from within the country and from outside, have raised concerns about the influence of
social media. After riots in Mandalay during July 2014, for example, international and local
media and government sources identified rumours circulating on Facebook as the cause.2
President Thein Sein has also raised concerns about ‘hate speech’ and other instigating messages
shared online and in her first report the new UN Special Rapporteur for Human Rights in
Myanmar, Ms Yanghee Lee, noted that such messages are fuelling and triggering violence.3 But
less than 5% of the population in Myanmar is estimated to have access to the Internet.4 How can
access to social media be contributing to Buddhist-Muslim conflicts?
To say that low Internet penetration rates proves the irrelevance of social media is too
simple, however, especially because access to the Internet is expanding rapidly. As an empirical
matter, it is likely too early to conclusively determine if and how social media access is
influencing Buddhist-Muslim conflicts in Myanmar. But this does not mean the potential
relationship is unworthy of consideration. Therefore, in order to generate insights that may be
useful in both understanding the contemporary moment as well as anticipating the future, this
chapter will draw from experiences with, and literature on, relationships between social media
and political conflicts in another country context: the United States.
Matt Schissler, in Nick Cheesman & Htoo Kyaw Win (ed.), Communal Violence in Myanmar,
Myanmar Knowledge Society, Yangon, 2015 [In Burmese and English].
The Political Power of Social Media Technology, the Publ.docxAASTHA76
The Political Power of Social Media: Technology, the Public Sphere, and Political Change
Author(s): Clay Shirky
Source: Foreign Affairs, Vol. 90, No. 1 (JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2011), pp. 28-41
Published by: Council on Foreign Relations
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25800379
Accessed: 12-04-2018 02:07 UTC
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide
range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and
facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
http://about.jstor.org/terms
Council on Foreign Relations is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to Foreign Affairs
This content downloaded from 132.174.250.254 on Thu, 12 Apr 2018 02:07:14 UTC
All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
The Political Power
of Social Media
Technology, the Public Sphere, and Political Change
Clay Shirky
On January 17, 2001, during the impeachment trial of Philippine
President Joseph Estrada, loyalists in the Philippine Congress voted
to set aside key evidence against him. Less than two hours after the
decision was announced, thousands of Filipinos, angry that their
corrupt president might be let off the hook, converged on Epifanio
de los Santos Avenue, a major crossroads in Manila. The protest was
arranged, in part, by forwarded text messages reading, "Go 2 edsa.
Wear blk."The crowd quickly swelled, and in the next few days, over
a million people arrived, choking traffic in downtown Manila.
The public s ability to coordinate such a massive and rapid response?
close to seven million text messages were sent that week?so alarmed
the country's legislators that they reversed course and allowed the
evidence to be presented. Estradas fate was sealed; by January 20,
he was gone. The event marked the first time that social media had
helped force out a national leader. Estrada himself blamed "the text
messaging generation" for his downfall.
Since the rise of the Internet in the early 1990s, the world's net
worked population has grown from the low millions to the low billions.
Over the same period, social media have become a fact of life for civil
society worldwide, involving many actors?regular citizens, activists,
nongovernmental organizations, telecommunications firms, software
providers, governments. This raises an obvious question for the
C l ay S h i r k y is Professor of New Media at New York University and
the author of Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in a Connected Age.
[28]
This content downloaded from 132.174.250.254 on Thu, 12 Apr 2018 02:07:14 UTC
All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
The Political Power of Social Media
U.S. government: How does the ubiquity of.
Similar to Page 284 the journal of social media in s (20)
Organizational Analysis Write a 5-7-page paper on a conflict th.docxamit657720
Organizational Analysis
Write a 5-7-page paper on a conflict that he or she experienced in an organizational setting.
The submission must be typed, double-spaced, and have uniform 1-inch margins in 12-point Times New Roman font.
The organizational analysis will contain the following sections:
• Background and history that led to the conflict.
• How/why did the conflict escalate?
• How was the conflict resolved?
• What would the student have done differently, based on what he or she has learned in the class?
.
Organizational BehaviorThe field of organizational behavior ca.docxamit657720
Organizational Behavior
The field of organizational behavior can be organized around three levels: individual level, team level, and organizational level. In other words, some theories focus on factors influencing individual behavior (e.g., personality, motivation). Some theories focus on factors influencing team or group behaviors (e.g., group development, conflict, roles). Still other theories focus on factors that tend to operate at an organizational level (e.g., structure, culture, leadership).
During the course, you have studied a variety of theories and perspectives at all these levels. Which ones seem most meaningful to you?
For your last paper:
Select one theory or perspective that you have studied that seems to be an individual level theme. One that you have studied that seems to be a team level theme. And one that you have studied that seems to be an organizational level theme. Summarize what those theories are and why each pertains to its corresponding level (individual, team, or organization).
Analyze those three theories based on this question: Why do people do what they do in organizations? That is, how do the theories you have selected help explain "organizational behavior?"
What are the challenges, problems, or difficulties in behavior as suggested by each of your theories?
What are the potential strategies and solutions (to the challenges) as suggested by your theories?
How do your three theories seem to fit together? How do they seem to interact with each other? What important lessons can you derive from thinking about the interaction of the theories?
Submission Details:
Submit your answers in a 5 Microsoft Word document, using APA style.
Support your work with examples and research.
Name your document SU_MGT3002_W5_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.
Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.
.
Organizational behavior is the combination of four areas of study—ps.docxamit657720
Organizational behavior is the combination of four areas of study—psychology, social psychology, sociology, and anthropology. While each of these areas involves an examination of people and their interactions, the focuses are quite different:
Psychology studies the mind and how people make decisions.
Social Psychology examines how people work in groups.
Sociology explores how systems work within the organization.
Anthropology examines how culture works within the organization.
Now, assume that you are an organizational consultant and have been asked by a new CEO to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the organization.
Step 2 - Post a Response
Respond to the following.
Of the four areas of study listed above, which would you focus on first?
Make sure to explain why you chose this area, and why it would take precedence over the other areas.
.
Organizational CommunicationPeople in this organization don’t.docxamit657720
Organizational Communication
“People in this organization don’t talk to one another anymore. Everything is e-mail, e-mail, e-mail. If you are mad at someone, you can just say it and then hide behind your computer.” With these words, Joe expressed his frustrations with Delta General’s operations. Charley echoed his concerns, responding, “I agree, but surely the managing director should be able to improve organizational communication without losing the advantages of e-mail.” As a consultant overhearing this conversation, how do you suggest the managing director respond to Charley’s challenge?
Guided Response:
Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings.
.
Organizational Culture Edgar H. Schein I I I I II I II .docxamit657720
Organizational Culture
Edgar H. Schein
I I I I II I II
ABSTRACT: The concept of organizational culture has
received increasing attention in recent years both from
academics and practitioners. This article presents the au-
thor's view of how culture shouM be defined and analyzed
if it is to be of use in the field of organizational psychology.
Other concepts are reviewed, a brief history is provided,
and case materials are presented to illustrate how to an-
alyze culture and how to think about culture change.
To write a review article about the concept of organiza-
tional culture poses a dilemma because there is presently
little agreement on what the concept does and should
mean, how it should be observed and measured, how it
relates to more traditional industrial and organizational
psychology theories, and how it should be used in our
efforts to help organizations. The popular use of the con-
cept has further muddied the waters by hanging the label
of"culture" on everything from common behavioral pat-
terns to espoused new corporate values that senior man-
agement wishes to inculcate (e.g., Deal & Kennedy, 1982;
Peters & Waterman, 1982).
Serious students of organizational culture point out
that each culture researcher develops explicit or implicit
paradigms that bias not only the definitions of key con-
cepts but the whole approach to the study of the phe-
nomenon (Barley, Meyer, & Gash, 1988; Martin & Mey-
erson, 1988; Ott, 1989; Smircich & Calas, 1987; Van
Maanen, 1988). One probable reason for this diversity of
approaches is that culture, like role, lies at the intersection
of several social sciences and reflects some of the biases
of eachwspecifically, those of anthropology, sociology,
social psychology, and organizational behavior.
A complete review of the various paradigms and
their implications is far beyond the scope of this article.
Instead I will provide a brief historical overview leading
to the major approaches currently in use and then de-
scribe in greater detail one paradigm, firmly anchored in
social psychology and anthropology, that is somewhat in-
tegrative in that it allows one to position other paradigms
in a common conceptual space.
This line of thinking will push us conceptually into
territory left insufficiently explored by such concepts as
"climate," "norm," and "attitude." Many of the research
methods of industrial/organizational psychology have
weaknesses when applied to the concept of culture. If we
are to take culture seriously, we must first adopt a more
clinical and ethnographic approach to identify clearly the
kinds of dimensions and variables that can usefully lend
themselves to more precise empirical measurement and
Sloan School of Management,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
I I [ Illll
hypothesis testing. Though there have been many efforts
to be empirically precise about cultural phenomena, there
is still insufficient linkage of theory wit.
Organizational culture is so ubiquitous that it affects all area.docxamit657720
Organizational culture is so ubiquitous that it affects all areas of group life. Though organizational culture is not always immediately obvious in organizations, its outcomes (e.g., turnover, morale, productivity) can be. Some workplaces require employees to wear business attire whereas others allow employees to dress casually. In some workplaces, formal address is used and in others, people use first names regardless of position. Both examples reflect organizational norms, or “the way we do things around here,” otherwise known as
organizational culture
. Organizational culture may be subtle yet pervasive and may have a profound effect on employee attitudes and behavior.
Organizational culture affects each of the levels of organizational assessment: individual, small group, large group, intergroup, and organization. As an organizational consultant or practitioner, it is beneficial to have a
toolbox
of assessments for organizational evaluation for each of these levels. By assessing organizational culture, practitioners and consultants can then develop evidence-based interventions to address the issues identified by the assessment and evaluation processes.
Consider how the information above may be applied to the Greenvale Correctional Facility case study that follows.
Greenvale Correctional Facility is a large, privately-owned, medium-security prison in the southeastern United States. The prison opened in 1988, and, until recently, it employed 300 security, operational, facilities, maintenance, healthcare, and administrative employees.
The prison’s salary and benefit structure are comparable to other prison systems around the country. However, Greenvale is currently experiencing significant attrition, creating an unsafe and unstable environment, both for the inmates and remaining employees. Staff has reduced from 300 to 210 employees during the last 6 months, and attempts to recruit and hire new staff have been challenging. Online recruitment, employee sourcing, and participation in various job fairs have not created a plentiful base of trained, experienced employment candidates, and efforts to retain existing personnel have been unsuccessful. Exit interview data point to leadership issues, and poor working conditions.
Prison leadership is comprised of Warden Bob Jones, who started at Greenvale when it first opened; Sergeant Dave Lee, the senior-level correctional leader with over 15 years of experience; and Officer Stan Phillips, a correctional manager who joined the leadership team in 2015. All three leaders work collaboratively, but they tend to remain siloed away from the other employees. All of the prison’s communications are
top-down
and authoritative; the leadership team believes this style is necessary given the work environment and inherent risks involved. While the team believes they are fostering a management-by-objectives culture, many employees feel excluded from the process and perceive more of an in-group/out-group m.
OracleFIT5195-2-Star Schema.pdfWeek 2 – Star SchemaSe.docxamit657720
Oracle/FIT5195-2-Star Schema.pdf
Week 2 – Star Schema
Semester 1, 2020
FIT5195 – Business Intelligence
and Data Warehousing
Developed by:
Agnes Haryanto
[email protected]
MONASH
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
Agenda
1. Notations and Processes
1. Star Schema Notation
2. E/R Diagram Notation
3. Transformation Process (Case Study)
2. Two-Column Table Methodology
Recall – The Big Picture
Using FLUX
1. Visit http://flux.qa/ on your internet enabled device
2. Log in using your Monash account (not required if
you are already logged in to Monash)
3. Click on the “+” to join audience
4. Enter the Audience Code:
• Caulfield – 3GANT7
• Fully Flex – 39WRG8
• Malaysia – VTVPLW
5. Select FIT5195 in the Active Presentation menu
6. Answer questions when they pop up
http://flux.qa/1AW6N8
Recall – Data Warehouse
▪ To address the drawback of operational database, and a need for decision-
making support data, data warehouse is needed.
▪ A data warehouse is a multi-dimensional view of databases, with
aggregates and pre-computed summaries.
➢ In many ways, it is basically doing aggregates in advance; that is exactly pre-
computation done at the design level, rather than at the query level.
Recall – Data Warehouse
Star Schema
▪ A Star Schema is a design representation of a multi-dimensional view. It is a
data modeling technique used to map multidimensional decision support
data into a relational database.
▪ The reason for the star schema’s development is that existing relational
modeling techniques: ER and normalization, did not yield a database
structure that served the advanced data analysis requirements well.
Star Schema Components
▪ There are Three main components of the Star Schema:
1. Facts
2. Dimensions
3. Attributes
Star Schema Components
1. Facts
Facts are numeric measurements (values) that represent a specific business aspect
or activity.
For example, sales figures are numeric measurements that represent product and/or
service sales.
2. Dimensions
Dimensions are qualifying characteristics that provide additional perspectives to a
given fact.
For example, sales might be viewed from specific dimension(s), such as sales
location, sales period, sales product, etc.
Star Schema Notation
▪ A Sales Star Schema
➢ Fact:
• Sales
➢ Dimensions:
• Time
• Product
• Branch
▪ Notation-wise, the Fact uses a bolder line, to differentiate between Fact
from Dimensions.
Star Schema Notation
▪ A Sales Star Schema
➢ Fact:
• Sales
➢ Dimensions:
• Time
• Product
• Branch
▪ The lines that represent a relationship
between the fact and dimensions can be
straight lines or bended lines.
Star Schema Notation
▪ Using the star schema notation, the
number of dimensions can be unlimited.
▪ If there is more dimensions, then we just
add more dimensions linked to the Fact.
Star Schema Components
3. Attributes
Each dimension table contains attributes.
For example:
Product dimension: Prod Type,
.
Oral PresentationPlease pick (1) one of the following topics.docxamit657720
Oral Presentation
Please pick (1) one of the following topics below and present a 5-
7 minute oral presentation:
1.
Race and contemporary concerns relative to policing particular ethnic communities
2.
Public opinion of police by different ethnic groups
3.
Police practices and police community relations
4.
Police corruption and citizen complaints relative to ethnicity
Note:
I strongly encourage you to research your information before you present in class.
.
Option A. You are a student at a New York City college in Septe.docxamit657720
Option A. You are a student at a New York City college in September, 1776. Write a letter home. You are asking for money. Work in a reference to what your parents do -- and are they your parents, or is one a step-parent? You could work in a little social history here, perhaps on high mortality rates. To sweeten your request, tell the people at home what's been going on in New York City. Mention two specific events you've witnessed. Finally -- is this a legitimate request? (Is your college still holding classes?) You'll have to cruise the internet for background information; just cite what you use. If you're feeling rather proud of what you've achieved, by the way, I'm giving you a benchmark against which to compare your efforts, a letter of
James Madison (Links to an external site.)
written in 1774.
Option B. This is a rather open question, and, again, you'll be cruising on the internet or using the library's resources. If you use Wikipedia, I ask that you go further; maybe you could consult one of the sources listed in the "reference section" usually included at the end of a Wikipedia article. What I would like you to do is to choose three of the Native American peoples that lived in the Ohio Valley between 1750 and 1850. Tell me who they are, what they have in common with each other, and some of the differences between each. Then, locate one myth told by these people. (You might start
here (Links to an external site.)
on the internet. The library has some material -- rummage! Search for "North American mythology;" I would consider an Iroquois myth as qualifying.) Tell me about the myth, and then tell me what this myth says about the culture of the people who produced it.
Essays are to be turned in as hard copy -- either printed, or hand-written. In either case, if you can manage it, double-space. I don't do a word count, but I expect some development. There should be an introductory paragraph, a body of the essay presenting your argument, with evidence (quotations or particular references are good), and a conclusion.
Grammar matters to me. Avoid sentence fragments; avoid misspellings and dangling modifiers.
If you use a source I haven't provided, then cite it. Don't copy word-for-word from what I provide unless you're using quotation marks; if it's not self-evident, tell me which source you've gotten your quotation from. Plagiarism rates an F.
There are due dates for each essay. Aim to get it in on the due date. I'll accept it up to 2 days later without penalty. Not after that.
You only need to do 3 essays, not all 4!
.
Order #12087Type of serviceWriting from ScratchWork type.docxamit657720
Order #12087
Type of service: Writing from Scratch
Work type: Analysis (any type)
Pages: 1 pages ( 550 words, Single spaced
Number of sources: 3
Subject or discipline: Music
Title: Analysis of "In th Hall of the Mountain King" from Peer Gynt no 1 Suite op 48 IV
Paper instructions:
Comment as a referential, critical, perceptive listener on how Grieg achieves unity and variety with the use of dynamics, timbre, pitch and temp.
Listening perspectives c4elink
Order #12085
Type of service: Writing from Scratch
Subject or discipline: Music
Title: Writer's choice
Pages: 1 pages ( 550 words, Single Spaced)
Number of sources: 3
Paper instructions:
The piece is cherry pink and apple blossom white (4:08) . Need to know number of musical ideas? The timings ( start and stop) of different sections, Unity and variety thru use of dynamics , timber, pitch; List Characteristics of the style; purpose on a C4elink
.
ORAL PRESENTATION( POWER POINT ) 12 SLICES . use the Manual of Menta.docxamit657720
ORAL PRESENTATION( POWER POINT ) 12 SLICES . use the Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) AND OTHER REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS PEDOPHILIA
CLASSIFICATIONS
MATERIALIZATION OF PEDOPHILIA
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PEDOPHILE
DESCRIPTION
EMOTIVE NEEDS OF PEDOPHILES
CAUSES
DIAGNOSIS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT OF PEDOPHILE
.
Organizational change initiatives are a team effort. It is the j.docxamit657720
Organizational change initiatives are a team effort. It is the job of the leadership team to ensure that transition is a success. To do so, the right leaders must be put in place, and each must hold a thorough understanding of their roles and responsibilities.
Examine the
Delta Pacific Case Study
, then analyze the following:
· What are the challenges facing Delta Pacific?
· What change initiative would be most effective to implement within this organization?
· What type of change leaders need to be put in place? (Ex.: Change Lead, Change Managers, Change Analyst, etc.)
· What departments, areas, and stakeholders will each leader be responsible for?
· Where will each change leader be most effective?
· What roles will each change leader need to play at their level of influence?
Leadership Structure Plan
Utilizing the above information, create a
Leadership Structure Plan
that includes the following:
· At least three change leader positions to be put in place for the change initiative.
· Description of each change leader's roles and responsibilities.
· Account of departments they will lead.
· A short description of how each position will effectively aid in the success of the initiative.
Note: When creating your plan, think in terms of a job description and job analysis, and the detail used to specifically identify the roles and responsibilities of each particular job assignment. Â While this particular project does not have a page requirement, keep in mind that a thorough plan should be no less than 3 pages in length. Use headers for each category.
The paper should include an APA formatted cover page and reference page.
.
Organisms Causing
Systemic Mycoses
Objectives - List two properties that the systemic dimorphics share.
Discuss conversion of the dimorphic yeasts
Identify from cases using colonial, morphological and geographic information, and diseases, the dimorphic fungi.
Differentiate the systemic dimorphic fungi from similar organisms previously discussed.
Describve the diseases, transmission, causative agents, of blastomycosis, paracocciodes, histoplamosis, and cocciomycosis.
Lab objectivesDescribe any additional safety precautions needed when working with the systemic dimorphic fungi.
Using lactophenol cotton blue or tissue stains – identify Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracocciodes barasilienses, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Cocciodes immitis.
Explain the method from converting these molds to yeast.Describe exoantigen testing
Organisms Histoplasma capsulatumBlastomyces dermatitidisCoccidioides immitisParacoccidioides brasiliensisPneumocytis carinii
Safety considerationsALL handling of specimens and cultures MUST be performed in a biological safety cabinetDo not open plates on benchtopPlates should be sealedIf C. immitis is suspected, use tubed media instead of plates
Transmission and pathogenesisTransmission is by inhalation of airborne conidia which are normally present in soilOrganisms are located in distinct geographical areasDisease severity is dependent upon infective dose and patient’s immune statusCompetent hosts: asymptomatic to mild respiratory diseaseCompromised hosts: dissemination is common
Cultural characteristicsVery slow growingUp to 6 weeks for growth (except C. immitis)Must do direct examinationsExperimental: PCR testing of direct specimensColonial morphology varies with isolation mediaUse both enriched (BHIA) and selective mediaClassic morphology is described on SABHistorically, definitive identification has been made by demonstrating both a yeast or tissue phase (at 370C) and a mold phase (at room temperature)
Methods of identification of
organism grown in cultureExoantigen testingDNA probeMicroscopic morphologyConversion to yeast or tissue phaseSerological testingFour-fold rise in antibody titer between acute and convalescent paired sera
Histoplasma capsulatumCauses histoplasmosis (Darling’s or spelunker’s disease)DistributionOhio and Mississippi River valleys, Appalachian mountainsOrganism is spread by inhalation of airborne conidiaOrganism multiplies in bird droppings and bat guano
Primary disease90-95% are asymptomatic or sub-clinical, with a self-limiting mild respiratory infectionHigh percent of population in endemic areas are skin test positive for organismAcute pulmonary diseaseNight sweats, cough, fever and weight lossSome develop pulmonary cavitary lesions resembling TBOrganism is able to multiply in macrophages (observed as pseudoencapsulated yeasts)Dissemination is rare in the immuno-competent
Disseminated diseaseImmune competent patientsChronic disease of the adrenals, liver, kidn.
Option 2Several artists created multiple self-portraits. Select.docxamit657720
Option 2:
Several artists created multiple self-portraits. Select three self-portraits by the same artist and study them closely.
Select an artist from this list below:
Sofonisba Anguissola
Albrecht Dürer
Rembrandt
Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Lebrun
Francisco Goya
Vincent van Gogh
Paul Gauguin
Pablo Picasso
Frida Kahlo
Andy Warhol
Lucian Freud
Directions
What are the differences between the three selections?
What was the artist exploring or conveying in each example?
Reflection:
How did this assignment help to reinforce concepts in this module? Be sure to
refer to required readings and/or supplementary material in your response
and
include citations when appropriate
.
.
Option 1 Media and Mental IllnessFind a source of informa.docxamit657720
Option 1: Media and Mental Illness
Find a source of information in the media (e.g., newspaper, talk shows, TV programs, films, etc.) that deal directly with mental illness
You will need to cite this media source in your References page
Discuss the quality of the coverage, the accuracy/inaccuracy of the images presented, the assumptions made about mental illness, and an overall evaluation of the coverage.
Be scientific, back up your arguments with the research literature. How does this coverage affect those suffering from the particular form of mental illness covered?
Could you present the information in a better way? How?
Your paper will need to be 2 to 5 pages in APA format, not including a title page and reference page. The rubric will be posted on Canvas.
MUST include a Title page
MUST include a References page - site the media article, TV show, movie, documentary, magazine article, website page
Refer to the APA Purdue Owl website
Paper Option 1: Media and Mental Illness
Movies/TV Shows Featuring a Mental Illness Disorder & Characters with Mental Disorder
Movies (not an exhaustive list)
Lights Out
Donnie Darko
Perks of Being a Wallflower
A Beautiful Mind
Split
Hide and Seek
Girl, Interrupted (trigger warning)
A Star is Born
Welcome to Marwen
Love & Other Drugs
Silver Linings Playbook
The Notebook (Alzheimer’s Disorder)
Black Swan
The Soloist
Rain Man
Little Miss Sunshine
To The Bone
One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest
American Sniper
We Need to Talk About Kevin
Love & Mercy
Benny and Joon
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind
It’s Kind of a Funny Story
Coco (Alzheimer’s)
Glass (2018)
Birdman
American Psycho
Still Alice
On My Block
The Three Faces of Eve
George Jung character in the movie
Blow
Roma
What’s Eating Gilbert Grape
A Clockwork Orange
Extremely Wicked, Shocking Evil, and Vile
The King’s Speech
What About Bob?
Temple Grandin
Rain Man
T.V. Shows (not an exhaustive list)
This is Us: Randall
Black-ish: Rainbow (Bow) Johnson
Chapelle Show: Tyrone Biggums
Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt: Kimmy Schmidt
The Simpsons: Barney Gumble
You: Love and/or Joe
House: Dr. Greg House
Girls: Hannah Horvath
Saved by the Bell: Jessie Spano
Insecure: Molly
Netflix Jessica Jones: Jessica Jones
One Day at a Time: Penelope
BoJack Horseman
You’re the Worst: Gretchen
Grey’s Anatomy: Owen Hunt
Shameless: Ian
Grey’s Anatomy: Christina Yang
Psych: Shawn Spencer
Grey’s Anatomy: Richard Webber
The Big Bang Theory: Sheldon Cooper
Grey’s Anatomy: Miranda Bailey
The Big Bang Theory: Raj Koothrappali
Grey’s Anatomy: Arizona Robbins
Hulu’s show Dave: GaTa
Grey’s Anatomy: Amelia Shepherd
Euphoria: Rue Bennett
Mr. Robot: Elliot
Empire: Andre Lyon
Monk: Adrian Monk
Criminal Minds: Spencer Reid (short time)
Grey’s Anatomy characters (can focus on 1 episode, character, patient, etc.)
Criminal Minds characters (can focus on 1 episode, character, kille.
Option 1 Thought about a child who is dying. Is a death of a chil.docxamit657720
Option 1: Thought about a child who is dying. Is a death of a child more tragic than the death of a middle age adult or an older adult? What if the child has a chronic condition and the adult experiences sudden death due to an accident? What actions would you take with the parents who child has died-does it matter if the child was ill or it was a sudden death? Describe you communication with the parents.
.
Option One—The Odyssey For the first option, focused solely on.docxamit657720
Option One—
The Odyssey
: For the first option, focused solely on Homer’s
Odyssey
, there are a variety of topics to choose from. Keep in mind that the questions under each topic are intended to stimulate your thinking—you are not required to address each and every one:
The Concept of Justice
: In the very first speech in the epic, Zeus claims that “mortals blame the gods. / From us alone, they say, come all their miseries, yes, / but they themselves, with their own reckless ways, / compound their pains beyond their proper share” (I. 37-40). This emphasis on human responsibility recurs throughout the epic, particularly regarding the suitors, yet at other times fate seems fixed. Consider the degree to which humans bring on their own destiny, and the degree to which fate appears to be decreed and unchangeable. In pondering this question, you might consider the function of prophecy, the role of the gods, and the force of human character on the events of the epic. In the world depicted here, how great a scope is allowed for human choice? Closely related to the question of justice is the question of human suffering. To what extent is suffering deserved?
The Wanderings of Odysseus
: Choose just one episode, or two that are related, in the wanderings of Odysseus as he relates them to the Phaeacians in Books IX-XII and consider how that episode relates to the epic as a whole. What important themes, motifs, and/or images are featured? How do they resonate with the larger themes of the epic?
Testing
: The epic is filled with contests, from tests of physical strength in Scheria and Ithaca to Odysseus’ testing of the members of his household, and their testing of him, to name just the most obvious. Why the emphasis on testing? What is being tested, and why?
Women
: Consider the role of women in the epic, whether mortal or divine. For what are they most praised? Most denigrated? You would do well to choose just one woman, or one contrasting pair (Helen and Penelope, for example) as you consider this question.
Fathers and Sons
: The epic begins with the story of Agamemnon and Orestes, and ends with the image of Laertes, Odysseus, and Telemachos fighting side by side; in between the epic is filled with fathers and sons. What appears to be valued in the father-son relationship?
Odysseus
: Consider the man himself—lying trickster or epic hero? A man of reckless daring or formidable self-restraint? Does he change or is his character consistent (or inconsistent!) throughout?
Option Two—Comparative Essay
: This option asks you to compare elements of
The Odyssey
and
Beowulf
. Both are classed as epics, with much in common, yet there are key differences. The choices below ask you to choose one specific element of the epic to focus on.
The Hero
: What is the most important or most interesting difference between Odysseus and Beowulf in terms of their character—who they are as individuals?
The Nature of Their Quests
: Consider the nature of .
Option 1Right to Counsel PresentationAnalyze two case.docxamit657720
Option 1:
Right to Counsel Presentation
Analyze
two cases involving the right to counsel and document your observations in a 7- to 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with detailed speaker notes. Use complete sentences, with correct grammar and punctuation, to fully explain each slide as if you were giving an in-person presentation.
Address
the following topics:
The aspects of right to counsel for the cases
How the historical development of right to counsel relates to the cases
When the right to counsel attaches to criminal procedure for the cases
Whether the defendants in the cases exercised their right to self-representation
The role of the attorneys in the cases as it applies to right to counsel
Include
videos, audio, photos, diagrams, or graphs as appropriate.
100% original work NO plagiarism
.
Option 2 Art Select any 2 of works of art about the Hol.docxamit657720
Option 2: Art
Select
any 2
of works of art about the Holocaust. You can select from the following list or conduct additional research on Holocaust art. Make sure to get approval from your instructor if you are selecting something not on the list. Click on the link to see the list:
works of art about the Holocaust list (
Select
any 2
of works)
Morris Kestelman:
Lama Sabachthani [Why Have You Forsaken Me?]
George Mayer-Marton:
Women with Boudlers
Bill Spira:
Prisoners Carrying Cement
Jan Hartman:
Death March (Czechowice-Bielsko, January 1945)
Edgar Ainsworth:
Belsen
Leslie Cole:
One of the Death Pits, Belsen. SS Guards Collecting Bodies
Doris Zinkeisen:
Human Laundry, Belsen: April 1945
Eric Taylor:
A Young Boy from Belsen Concentration Camp
Mary Kessell:
Notes from Belsen Camp
Edith Birkin:
The Death Cart - Lodz Ghetto
Shmuel Dresner:
Benjamin
Roman Halter:
Mother with Babies
Leo Breuer:
Path Between the Barracks, Gurs Camp
Leo (Lev) Haas:
Transport Arrival, Theresienstadt Ghetto
Jacob Lipschitz:
Beaten (My Brother Gedalyahu)
Norbert Troller:
Terezin
Anselm Kiefer:
Sternenfall
After selecting any 2 works of art: Write an analysis of each artwork, including the following information:
Identify the title, artist, date completed, and medium used.
Explain the content of the artwork - what do the images show?
How does the artwork relate to the bigger picture of the Holocaust?
How effective is the artwork in relating the Holocaust to viewers?
Writing Requirements (APA format)
Length: 2-3 pages (not including title page or references page)
1-inch margins
Double spaced
12-point Times New Roman font
Title page
References page
.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
1. Page 284 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
Lessons from #McKinney:
Social Media and the
Interactive Construction
of Police Brutality
Meredith D. Clark, Dorothy Bland,
& Jo Ann Livingston
Abstract
Video evidence of police aggression and assault on civil -
ians has previously been considered irrefutable evidence of
misconduct; its circulation contributes to the creation of
“celebrated cases” of police brutality that draw attention
because of their high-profile nature. In June 2015, You-
2. Tube, Facebook and Twitter comments on a citizen-
captured video of a police officer attempting to apprehend
an African-American girl at a pool party in McKinney,
Texas, trended as one incident in the #BlackLivesMatter
Dr. Meredith Clark is an Assistant Professor of Digital and Print
News in the Frank W. and Sue Mayborn School of Journalism at
the University of North Texas. Dorothy Bland is the Dean of the
Mayborn School. Jo Ann Livingston is a Ph.D. student in Inter-
disciplinary Information Science at the University of North
Texas. Correspondence can be directed to
[email protected]
thejsms.org
Page 285
movement’s canon of police mistreatment of African-
American citizens. Through the lens of critical race theory,
this qualitative content analysis triangulates data from
three social media platforms to explore how users inter-
preted the incident. This study develops insights on how a
“celebrated case” of police brutality is constructed by social
media audiences. It makes a significant contribution to the
3. literature by focusing on the often-overlooked experiences
of African-American women and girls as victims of police
brutality.
O
n June 6, 2015, the nation’s attention turned
to the Dallas suburb of McKinney, Texas, af-
ter Brandon Brooks posted a YouTube video of
McKinney Police Cpl. Eric Casebolt attempt-
ing to apprehend a group of Black teens at a neighborhood
swimming pool (Brooks, 2015). Casebolt, a White, 10-year
police veteran, forced bikini-clad 15-year-old Dajerria Bec-
ton, who is African-American, to the ground and knelt on
her back as she sobbed, “Call my mama!” Within a day of
the video being posted on Twitter, two hashtags –
#BlackLivesMatter and #McKinney – began to trend as
social media users discussed the incident.
The #McKinney incident was highlighted by indi-
4. viduals tweeting with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter to
draw attention to allegations of police misconduct through-
out the nation in 2014 and 2015. The movement, co-
founded via the creation of a hashtag and online discus-
sion by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi,
staged more than 1,000 protests to focus on police brutal -
Page 286 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
ity (Garza, 2014). The videos captured by individuals us-
ing the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag were shared via mo-
bile devices and social media including Facebook and Twit-
ter. This interactivity allows social media users an oppor-
tunity to co-create the news, adding their own interpreta-
tion of events (Lee, 2012; Springer, Engelmann, & Pfaffin-
ger, 2015; Van der Haak, Parks, & Castells, 2012).
This study uses the #McKinney video as it was
shared on YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook in an intersec-
5. tional, critical case study of public commentary on police
brutality toward African-Americans. Through frame
analysis informed by Critical Race Theory (CRT), this
study compares citizen perspectives captured in comments
posted on all three platforms within a week of this inci-
dent, and adds to literature about mediated perceptions of
police and their interactions with African-Americans.
Police and African-American Communities
Tensions between African-American communities
and the police have a well-documented history. In 1968,
the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, ap-
pointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to examine social
and economic factors that contributed to race-related civil
unrest in the late 1960s, leveled criticism at law enforce-
ment and the news media for enflaming tensions between
African-American communities and the police (Kerner,
1968).
The police are not merely a "spark" factor. To some
6. Negroes police have come to symbolize white power,
white racism and white repression. And the fact is
that many police do reflect and express these white
attitudes. The atmosphere of hostility and cynicism
thejsms.org
Page 287
is reinforced by a widespread belief among Negroes
in the existence of police brutality and in a "double
standard" of justice and protection — one for Ne-
groes and one for whites (Kerner, 1968, p. 10).
Important segments of the media failed to report
adequately on the causes and consequences of civil
disorders and on the underlying problems of race
relations. They have not communicated to the ma-
jority of their audience — which is white — a sense
of the degradation, misery and hopelessness of life
7. in the ghetto (Kerner, 1968, p. 18).
Researchers have since argued that affinity for Af-
rican-American victims of police brutality contributes to-
ward the communities’ negative attitudes toward police,
and are compounded by African-Americans’ selective con-
sumption of news that detailed police misconduct (Weitzer,
2002; Weitzer & Tuch, 2004). These findings are supported
by media effects research that indicates race has been a
significant modifier on attitudes toward police (Chermak,
McGarrell, & Gruenewald, 2006), and historical analysis
of police relations and media coverage of Black life in
America.
The Kerner Commission’s warning of a shift toward
“two Americas, one Black and one White,” and its indict-
ment of the media and the police is essential to under-
standing the groundswell of anti-police brutality protests
staged in 2014 and 2015 (Taylor, 2016). These contempo-
rary protests were fueled in part by the public’s ability to
8. capture and share images of police misconduct, circum-
venting mainstream media channels, which nearly 40 per-
Page 288 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
cent of African-American adults have said they do not
trust (American Press Institute, 2014). Social media users
who said used the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag to follow
reports of police brutality and protest in 2014 and 2015
said they chose to do so in order to watch news unfold un-
filtered by mainstream media influence and decide on the
issues for themselves (Freelon, McIlwain, & Clark, 2016).
Shared Construction of the News
Berger and Luckman (1966) presented the social
construction of reality as a challenge for researchers to
question the development of knowledge through the study
of everyday social interaction. Social media platforms pre-
9. sent a contemporary dimension for examining these inter-
actions, adding a layer of complexity to audiences’ abilities
to define their social worlds through selection, consump-
tion, and commenting on news (Östman, 2012). The con-
versation about police brutality is subject to interpretation
through lenses of values, beliefs and attitudes of audiences
who are no longer limited to one- or two-way, broadcast-
style reception of news information and consumer feed-
back (Holton, Coddington, Lewis, & Gil de Zúñiga, 2015).
News counter-narratives via social media. Pew re-
searchers have quantified how social networking sites
have impacted news engagement in the 21st century. In
July 2015, a Pew study indicated about one in 10 U.S.
adults get their news on Twitter, and about four in 10 get
news via Facebook (Barthel, Shearer, Gottfried, &
Mitchell, 2015). YouTube also was identified as a major
“social news pathway,” with 51 percent of U.S. adults us-
ing the site, and about 10 percent of the adult population
10. getting news on YouTube (Anderson & Caumont, 2014).
thejsms.org
Page 289
About half of U.S. social network site users say they have
shared news stories, images, or videos via social media,
and about 46 percent have used it to discuss a news event
or issue (Anderson & Caumont, 2014).
These audiences, write Jackson and Foucault
Welles (2016), form a networked counterpublic who use
social media to legitimize and communicate their own re-
alities and challenge the mainstream to acknowledge
these narratives (p. 398). Social media users who comment
online have been described as motivated by a desire to par -
ticipate in journalism and to interact with other users, ar -
guably making online comments on texts shared and con-
sumed on social media platforms a rich site for analyzing
shared social construction of a news event (Springer et al.,
11. 2015). Mindful of scholarly critique that comments left on
the Facebook pages of news websites are comparatively
less deliberate than those posted directly to the organiza-
tion’s website (Rowe, 2015), we triangulated data from the
YouTube video itself, from Facebook comments on news
sites that used the raw video, and from Twitter, where the
strategic use of hashtags has been analyzed as a form of
participatory political speech (Small, 2011).
Framing and Racial Tension
Although racial minorities have expressed mistrust
of mainstream media, there are a variety of social net-
working platforms that serve as venues where otherwise
marginalized voices may present their own interpretation
of news events. From a CRT perspective, these interpreta-
tions serve as “counterstories” of lived experiences that are
otherwise colored from a default frame of whiteness
(Delgado & Stefancic, 2001, pp. 42-43; Feagin, 2013).
12. Page 290 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
Frame production occurs on these platforms as users par-
ticipate in public discourse and generate alternative inter-
pretations of news information (Borah, 2011, p. 250). In
particular, Ryan, Carragee, and Meinhofer (2001) found
that “news media represent critical arenas of social strug-
gle” (p. 175). They argue that journalistic frames are influ-
enced by the differing perspectives vying for attention:
“News stories, then, become a forum for framing contests
in which these actors compete in sponsoring their defini-
tions of political issues” (2001, p. 176).
Scheufele (1999) argued that social norms and val-
ues, along with interest group pressure, are among the fac-
tors that can have an influence on journalistic framing,
and that those with differing views “use mass media to
construct opinions and reality, and their societal influence
to establish certain frames of reference” (p. 110). Chong
13. and Druckman write of this as a “competitive” process that
“does not guarantee that the opposing sides will be equal
combatants or that audiences will receive equal and simul-
taneous exposure to equally persuasive alternative
frames” (2007b, p. 102). Race-related framing and the con-
struction of someone’s identity as that of an “outsider” can
occur through either inclusion or omission, according to
Park, Holody, and Zhang (2012), with a similar finding by
Ryan et al. (2001), who note a propensity by the media to
“privilege frames advanced by political elites and miss
valuable alternative framings” (p. 181). As Lawrence
(2000) writes on law enforcement and the use of force,
groups who believe that police brutality is a serious public
problem find it difficult to win authority for their reality.
This difficulty is due to “rhetorical, informational and po-
litical constraints that limit the construction of police bru-
thejsms.org
14. Page 291
tality as a public problem” (p. 24).
Power and news frames. Ultimately, the acceptance
of a frame, and the favor with which it is held, coincides
with the holder’s values, according to Chong and Druck-
man (2007b), who found that an individual’s frame produc-
tion represents a melding of already held, available beliefs;
accessibility to new beliefs; and the resulting consideration
given as to which beliefs are held applicable (2007a). A
frame’s ability to assert a dominant position in the public
discourse “depends on multiple complex factors, including
its sponsor’s economic and cultural resources, its sponsor’s
knowledge of journalistic practices, and its resonance with
broader political values or tendencies in American cul-
ture,” write Ryan et al. (2001, p. 176), whose article on the
Media Research and Action Project discusses the use of
frame analysis as a tool toward facilitating voice for mar -
ginalized groups.
15. While media framing research has historically fo-
cused on content produced by professional journalists, the
aforementioned studies, provide opportunities to examine
social media users’ perception of an issue and challenge
existing theory that indicates minority groups are unable
to effectively sponsor frames. The context of a social move-
ment such as #BlackLivesMatter, which centers footage
usually captured by citizen witnesses, offers a compelling
test for such research. A critical perspective that examines
the impact of race and power in framing complements the
theories used in studies of social media use in social move-
ments, and is appropriate considering the race-specific na-
ture of the conflicts.
Page 292 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
16. Video Evidence and the Social Construction
of Police Brutality
In March 1991, the country watched citizen-
captured videotape of four Los Angeles Police Department
officers beat and kick motorist Rodney King during a traf-
fic stop. The video evidence, seen by both the jury — which
acquitted the officers — and the American people, has
since become a key text in analyses of the social construc-
tion of police brutality. As Stuart (2011) observes, “the
King case demonstrated to much of the public … that skill-
ful police and legal professionals are able to transform
even the most ‘obvious’ and condemning video evidence
into proof of their own countervailing claims” (p. 329).
In recent years, several videotaped conflicts be-
tween police and civilians have been captured via cell -
phone cameras, and quickly uploaded to social networking
sites, where they were viewed and interpreted by millions
in minutes. In July 2014, a bystander recorded the last
17. moments in Eric Garner’s life as he struggled in a choke-
hold after being confronted by Staten Island police (Baker,
Goodman, & Mueller, 2015). His final words, “I can’t
breathe,” were added to the #BlackLivesMatter protest
lexicon as the public grasped to reconcile what they had
seen — and the grand jury’s decision not to indict the offi-
cers involved.
Social media users have commented on Garner’s
death as “the case,” a celebrated case with seemingly ir-
refutable evidence of police overreach and excessive use of
force (Freelon et al., 2016, p. 31).
Social Media Organizing via #BlackLivesMatter
In earlier media eras, celebrated cases of police
thejsms.org
Page 293
misconduct were often brought to light via photograph and
videotaped evidence that detailed the incident and/or the
18. victim’s injuries or death. Related literature has examined
the role of photojournalism or videography in the cases of
victims including Amadou Diallo (Harring, 2000: Millner
& Larsen, 2002) and King (Stuart, 2011). The proliferation
of cellphone technology, including smartphones that allow
users to capture images of the social world as it unfolds
around them, has met a powerful force in the publishing
capabilities of social networking platforms.
The videos and the hashtags shared on social media
contribute to an update on “celebrated cases” of police mis -
conduct. Such cases are defined by their prolonged cover -
age in the news media with presentation that differs from
routine crime news (Chermak et al., 2006, p. 262). These
cases may have unique influence on public perception of
the police, including prompting members of the public to
re-evaluate their beliefs about law enforcement and their
actions (Chermak et al., 2006).
Existing scholarship on public perceptions of police
19. suggests a gap in the literature about social media con-
struction of “celebrated” cases of police brutality, a prob-
lem that is ripe for exploration in the wake of tensions sur-
rounding police use of force highlighted by the
#BlackLivesMatter Movement in 2014 and 2015.
Black women’s erasure in #BlackLivesMatter.
Much of the existing and emerging literature might lead
the public to infer that African-American girls do not face
the same risk of punitive action as their male counterparts
(Crenshaw, Ocen, & Nanda, 2015). The celebrated cases of
police brutality documented on social platforms in 2014
and 2015 via the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag support this
Page 294 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
notion. They were overwhelmingly male, leaving critical
questions about how the public constructs police brutality
involving Black women and girls (Freelon et al., 2016).
20. This finding empirically supports the claim that Black
women’s stories and experiences are and have been erased
from the dialogue about African-Americans and police bru-
tality (Crenshaw, Ritchie, Anspach, Gilmer, & Harris,
2015; Towns, 2016).
Collins (2002) would cite such omission as the work
of interlocking oppressions of race, gender and power that
subjugate Black women and girls’ experiences to the inter-
ests of media gatekeepers. Within this framework, we ap-
ply the characteristics of womanist caring to defend the
selection and analysis of this particular case, noting the
criteria of embracing the maternal in our attention to Bec-
ton’s welfare as a child; political clarity in noting the docu-
mented over-policing of Black girls, and an ethic of risk,
our willingness to commit to scholarship meant to draw
greater attention to the injustices suffered by weak social
actors in opposition to the police (Beauboeuf-Lafontant,
2002, p. 77, via Gordon & Patterson, 2013). Our CRT-
21. informed analysis of the #McKinney incident’s construc-
tion was performed with an emphasis on Becton’s treat-
ment as a Black girl in the users’ comments.
The #McKinney case presents a point-in-time case
that can be analyzed in the greater context of how social
media is used in the social construction of police brutality
and racial (in)justice. Drawing on this hashtag, we explore
an incident of alleged police misconduct — caught by a so-
cial media user — which became a “celebrated case” in
June 2015 to address the following research questions:
RQ1: What key themes that emerge from the com-
thejsms.org
Page 295
ments on YouTube, Twitter, and the Facebook
pages of broadcast TV stations contribute to the so-
cial construction of this incident as an act of police
brutality?
22. RQ2: What do these messages tell us about public
perception of race and police relationships in Amer-
ica today?
Study Design/Methodology
This critical case study applied qualitative content
analysis methodology to a purposive sample of social me-
dia comments from three sources to construct meaning of a
celebrated case of police misconduct. Comments from three
social media platforms, YouTube, Twitter, and the Face-
book pages of three local news outlets, were collected for
analysis. We selected the first 400 comments posted on
Brooks’ original YouTube video the day after it was up-
loaded to YouTube, 940 total comments from the news sta-
tions’ Facebook pages, and 7,100 tweets for analysis, cod-
ing every 10th tweet. Each researcher coded a different
subset of the data. All of the texts were posted between
June 7 and June 15, encompassing a one-week period fol-
23. lowing the incident.
Examining Frames through a Critical Lens
As an unobtrusive method of inquiry, content
analysis allows researchers to examine texts created by
the public in order to identify mediated representations of
culture, history and current events (Hesse-Biber & Leavy,
2011). We approach this research with the Foucauldian
(Foucault, 1995) assumption that public knowledge ex-
changes are indicative of shifting power relations among
Page 296 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
actors. We build on that assumption to analyze comments
posted by users who were formerly limited to the dichoto-
mized roles of producer and consumer. As explained by
Ruggiero (2000), Internet-enabled activity allows both the
image’s initial producer and its consumers to shift the bal -
ance of power among them — the consumers become pro-
24. ducers of knowledge about the actions seen in the video.
Interrogating their comments is a means of examining
both cultural dominance and hegemonic resistance as they
are enacted in a text (Hall, 1973).
Intersectionality in news media examination. The
interrogation of these texts is assisted through the applica-
tion of critical race theory, a lens used to examine the rela-
tions of race, law and power. CRT theory — developed by
Crenshaw (1995) and advanced by Delgado and Stefancic
(2001) provides a lens for examining the influences and
impact of race, power and the law in social situations — is
appropriate for this content analysis, which seeks to ana-
lyze public discursive practices in the discussion of power
relations between the police and African-American com-
munities.
Becton’s case meets Flyvbjerg’s (2006) definition of
a critical case of bearing strategic importance to the
broader problem of police brutality as chronicled by the
25. #BlackLivesMatter hashtag in 2014 and 2015. We selected
this particular incident because of its dynamics: the main
figures in the video represent polar opposites of Collins’
Matrix of Domination (2000), which details how different
forms of power — in this case, articulated along the lines
of age, race and class — form intersections of oppression.
Coding procedures. The data were coded in three
stages: initial coding, followed by values coding, and fi -
thejsms.org
Page 297
nally, a theming of the data (Saldaña, 2013). For the ini -
tial coding stage, each researcher open-coded one of the
data sets to identify key concepts in the incident’s discus-
sion on each platform. Second, using the descriptive codes
generated across the data sets, we used values coding to
categorize the expression of values, attitudes and beliefs
related to social movements, police-citizen relations, and
26. media coverage of public disorder (Saldaña, 2013). Fi -
nally, drawing on the major themes from comments on the
YouTube video, we used the constant-comparative method
outlined by Corbin and Strauss (2008) to collapse the cate-
gories from the axial coding stage and refine themes from
emergent in the Twitter and Facebook-based discourse.
We identified three key themes — anti-police sentiment,
social deviance, and racism — that characterized the pub-
lic discourse of this case.
Findings
We analyzed these frames as context for under-
standing how users construct the interaction seen in the
video. The first and second round of coding generated the
following codes for the comments across each platform:
-police
-Cpl. Eric Casebolt
-police
27. -Cpl. Eric Casebolt
-news media
l teens
Page 298 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
We first eliminated the personal attacks theme and
focused on the interpretive frames that emerged from the
data. Collapsing these codes into categories, which were
used to refine our findings, we identified three competing
thematic frames throughout the data sets to describe how
social media users constructed this case as symbolic of a
greater epidemic of police brutality:
-police sentiment
28. We report some overlap in the construction of these
categories, as some tweets and comments contained mes-
sages of anti-police sentiment, social deviance, and/or ra-
cism. Although the tweets and comments used in this
analysis are publicly available per the Terms of Service of
their respective platforms, we have omitted user handles
in this report as a means of protecting user privacy. The
Table 1
Major Themes Across Platforms
The number of times one of the themes was identified in
each category
Facebook/
TV news
Twitter YouTube
Anti-police
sentiment
29. 29 331 59
Social
deviance
152 86 41
Racism 273 400 55
thejsms.org
Page 299
original language of each message, including misspellings,
incorrect grammar, and obscenities, have been left in
place. The themes are not presented in any particular or-
der.
Anti-police Sentiment
Across the data sets, one strong message was of
suspicion, mistrust, and occasionally outright hostility to-
ward police forces. One tweet mentioned how you can't
really call 911 for help when it’s about police brutality.
This theme was characterized by statements expressing
30. sentiment that the public would be better served without
police presence:
We’ve all seen what happens when people are de-
tained by the police. Nobody trusts them, compli-
ance gets you fucked or shot these days if you aren’t
white. Fuck that. It’s only a matter of time before
citizens take some authority back into their hands
(Personal communication, YouTube, June 11,
2015).
Comments specific to the officer. We note that 21 of
the 59 anti-police comments on the YouTube video in spe-
cifically target Casebolt. One user described the officer as:
an ex military asshole, that thinks he is still in
command….Seen it many times watching these
treasonous felons… (Personal communication, You-
Tube, June 8, 2015)
Others criticized the “good cop, bad cop” narrative,
31. citing a lack of officer intervention as the girl was being
detained:
RT: @user: The entire time … not one “good cop”
intervened. (Personal communication, Twitter June
7, 2015)
Page 300 The Journal of Social Media in Society
6(1)
I understand it was frustrating with everyone
around him and his backup. But my god he straight
up lost his temper which we as people do not need.
We expect justice and that was not justice with the
violent reaction he had towards teenagers. I am al-
ways on the side of law enforcement but that
crosses boundaries with his actions. (Personal com-
munication, Facebook, June 11, 2015)
Fine officer? LOL! There were many there that day,
but Casebolt was not one of them. (Personal com-
32. munication, Facebook, June 11, 2015)
... He rolled up ... to a teenage pool party ... like it
was a war zone. #McKinney (Personal communica-
tion, Twitter, June 7, 2015)
... girls in bathing suits require pulling a pistol
out? ...power trip from a scared little man. That's
ridiculous. #McKinney (Personal communication,
Twitter, June 7, 2015)
Police mistrust. Of the more than 800 tweets ana-
lyzed, 331 contained messages that reflected an anti-police
sentiment that criticized Casebolt and other officers for
using excessive force in breaking up the party. A total of
117 of the YouTube comments spoke specifically to the
theme of not being able to trust the police because of the
unpredictability of the officer’s behavior. One user men-
tioned the officer "couldn't wait to kick some civilian ass."
33. Another user, who claimed to have trained police officers,
called the video a show of "oppression."
A competing theme that emerged in the analysis
was a weaker show of support for law enforcement as a
whole, which blamed the teenagers and members of Black
communities for the problems at the pool that day. The
thejsms.org
Page 301
conflict contributed to ongoing discussions between users,
particularly on the YouTube video, where 34 comments
were volleyed back and forth between commenters.
Social Deviance
The second major theme, social deviance, included
comments that referenced assumptions of absent parents,
a lack of respect for the law and authority:
Yeap, but if the law enforcement shows up, YOU
HAVE TO DO WHAT THEY ASK, if they pull you
34. over, DO IT, if they say go back home YOU BET-
TER DO IT. THEY ARE to protect …