Pacto De Sangre
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Pacto De Sangre) was an ancient ritual in the Philippines intended to seal a friendship or treaty, or to validate an agreement. The contracting parties would cut their wrists and pour their blood into a cup filled with liquid, such as wine, and drink the mixture.
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EXILE AND EXECUTION OF JOSE RIZAL
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan by the Spanish authorities due to charges that his writings were anti-Catholic and promoted revolution. In Dapitan, Rizal made the best of his situation by practicing medicine, teaching local children, undertaking community development projects like improving the water system, and engaging in scientific studies. He lived a productive life during his exile, gaining respect from the locals. However, his exile ultimately came to an end with his arrest and execution in Manila in 1896.
To the Young Women of Malolos: Summary and Analysis
Jose Rizal’s legacy to Filipino women is embodied in his famous essay entitled, “To the Young Women of Malolos,” where he addresses all kinds of women – mothers, wives, the unmarried, etc. and expresses everything that he wishes them to keep in mind.
Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
The document summarizes Antonio de Morga's book "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" and Jose Rizal's annotations on it. Morga's book describes events in the Philippines from 1493-1603 and discusses the country's political, social, and economic aspects under colonization. Rizal annotated the book to (1) awaken Filipino consciousness of their pre-colonial culture and history, (2) correct distortions made by the Spanish, and (3) prove Filipinos were civilized before colonization. His annotations countered Morga's claims that the Philippines was deserted and its people inferior, instead showing Filipinos had a developed society and culture prior
Philippine History- Social Status during Spanish Era-last years of Spanish co...
During the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines, Spanish rule established a complex social hierarchy. The principalia class, composed of local leaders, were exempt from forced labor and granted certain political rights. The ilustrados constituted the educated Filipino middle class exposed to liberal Spanish ideals in the late 19th century. Indigenous Filipinos were at the bottom of the social pyramid as indios, while Spaniards held the most power either born in the Philippines or Spain. The Spanish also introduced economic reforms and industries that developed the Philippines' economy and trade, while social changes like education and architecture reflected Spanish colonial influence over three centuries.
Propaganda Movement (in Philippine History)
Under the topic Philippine Revolution (in Philippine History), this material focused on the nationalistic means of pursuit of liberty in the country, the Propaganda Movement.
(^_^)
Historical background and context of rizal
This document is the Republic Act No. 1425 which mandates including courses on Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, in the curriculum of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities in the Philippines. It requires educational institutions to keep copies of Rizal's works in their libraries and include them in required reading lists. It also allocates funds for translating and distributing Rizal's works to help spread his ideals of nationalism and freedom. The goal is to inspire patriotism in youth and develop moral character, personal discipline, and civic values in line with Rizal's teachings.
Dr. Jose Rizal's Travels
- Jose Rizal was the most well-traveled Filipino hero in history, making numerous trips abroad between 1882-1892 to further his education and expose himself to different cultures and political systems.
- He traveled extensively through Europe, Asia, and North America, visiting countries like Spain, France, Germany, Italy, England, Austria, the Czech Republic, the United States, and more.
- His travels exposed him to new ideas that influenced his writings and fueled his nationalist ideas in fighting for reforms against the abuses of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines.
Development of Nationalism in the Philippines
This document summarizes the key events and factors that contributed to the development of Filipino nationalism and the Propaganda Movement. It discusses the abuses under Spanish colonial rule that led to revolts, the lack of nationalism and leadership that caused their failure. It then outlines the factors like increased international trade, rise of the middle class, influx of liberal ideas from Europe that gave rise to nationalism. It details the Propaganda Movement's goals of representation and reforms, led by propagandists like Rizal, Lopez Jaena and del Pilar through publications like La Solidaridad. Financial issues and leadership crisis led to its failure, paving the way for Bonifacio's Katipunan.
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EXILE AND EXECUTION OF JOSE RIZAL
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan by the Spanish authorities due to charges that his writings were anti-Catholic and promoted revolution. In Dapitan, Rizal made the best of his situation by practicing medicine, teaching local children, undertaking community development projects like improving the water system, and engaging in scientific studies. He lived a productive life during his exile, gaining respect from the locals. However, his exile ultimately came to an end with his arrest and execution in Manila in 1896.
To the Young Women of Malolos: Summary and Analysis
Jose Rizal’s legacy to Filipino women is embodied in his famous essay entitled, “To the Young Women of Malolos,” where he addresses all kinds of women – mothers, wives, the unmarried, etc. and expresses everything that he wishes them to keep in mind.
Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
The document summarizes Antonio de Morga's book "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" and Jose Rizal's annotations on it. Morga's book describes events in the Philippines from 1493-1603 and discusses the country's political, social, and economic aspects under colonization. Rizal annotated the book to (1) awaken Filipino consciousness of their pre-colonial culture and history, (2) correct distortions made by the Spanish, and (3) prove Filipinos were civilized before colonization. His annotations countered Morga's claims that the Philippines was deserted and its people inferior, instead showing Filipinos had a developed society and culture prior
Philippine History- Social Status during Spanish Era-last years of Spanish co...
During the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines, Spanish rule established a complex social hierarchy. The principalia class, composed of local leaders, were exempt from forced labor and granted certain political rights. The ilustrados constituted the educated Filipino middle class exposed to liberal Spanish ideals in the late 19th century. Indigenous Filipinos were at the bottom of the social pyramid as indios, while Spaniards held the most power either born in the Philippines or Spain. The Spanish also introduced economic reforms and industries that developed the Philippines' economy and trade, while social changes like education and architecture reflected Spanish colonial influence over three centuries.
Propaganda Movement (in Philippine History)
Under the topic Philippine Revolution (in Philippine History), this material focused on the nationalistic means of pursuit of liberty in the country, the Propaganda Movement.
(^_^)
Historical background and context of rizal
This document is the Republic Act No. 1425 which mandates including courses on Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, in the curriculum of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities in the Philippines. It requires educational institutions to keep copies of Rizal's works in their libraries and include them in required reading lists. It also allocates funds for translating and distributing Rizal's works to help spread his ideals of nationalism and freedom. The goal is to inspire patriotism in youth and develop moral character, personal discipline, and civic values in line with Rizal's teachings.
Dr. Jose Rizal's Travels
- Jose Rizal was the most well-traveled Filipino hero in history, making numerous trips abroad between 1882-1892 to further his education and expose himself to different cultures and political systems.
- He traveled extensively through Europe, Asia, and North America, visiting countries like Spain, France, Germany, Italy, England, Austria, the Czech Republic, the United States, and more.
- His travels exposed him to new ideas that influenced his writings and fueled his nationalist ideas in fighting for reforms against the abuses of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines.
Development of Nationalism in the Philippines
This document summarizes the key events and factors that contributed to the development of Filipino nationalism and the Propaganda Movement. It discusses the abuses under Spanish colonial rule that led to revolts, the lack of nationalism and leadership that caused their failure. It then outlines the factors like increased international trade, rise of the middle class, influx of liberal ideas from Europe that gave rise to nationalism. It details the Propaganda Movement's goals of representation and reforms, led by propagandists like Rizal, Lopez Jaena and del Pilar through publications like La Solidaridad. Financial issues and leadership crisis led to its failure, paving the way for Bonifacio's Katipunan.
19th century Philippines as Rizal’s context
The document discusses the political, economic, and social aspects that shaped the Philippines during the 19th century under Spanish colonial rule. This includes the impact of the Bourbon Reforms, the introduction of the Cadiz Constitution, the end of the Galleon trade, the opening of the Suez Canal, the rise of the Chinese mestizos and inquilinos social classes. Overall, these changes introduced ideas of liberalism, nationalism and calls for more rights and representation among Filipinos during Rizal's time in the late 19th century.
Rizal’s First Travel Abroad
Rizal decided to study abroad in Europe without his parents' consent. He traveled to Singapore and then continued on to locations like Ceylon, Aden, Italy, France, and Spain. In Spain, he studied medicine and philosophy and was involved in writing and political activism. He experienced hardship but also made important connections. He later traveled throughout Europe including to Germany where he did further study and research, worked in medical clinics, and wrote his first novel which inspired political change.
The philippines a century hence pptx
Rizal's essay "The Philippines a Century Hence" from 1889 forecasts three possible futures for the Philippines within 100 years: 1) Remaining a colony of Spain in good terms, 2) Attempting to cut ties through violence, or 3) Being colonized by another country. He analyzes the causes of Filipino misery under Spanish colonial policies including population decline, cultural destruction, and passivity among the natives. However, the Filipinos began to realize oppression could no longer be tolerated as national consciousness grew despite Spain's attempts to keep the people uneducated, impoverished, and submissive.
Rizal’s life, works and writing
The document provides details about Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law. It mandates that the works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, be included in the curriculum of all public and private schools, colleges and universities. The law aims to rekindle nationalism in the hearts of Filipinos, especially youth. It discusses the requirements of the law for educational institutions to include Rizal's works in their curriculum and have copies available.
Human Rights denied to Filipinos
1. The document lists 17 human rights that include the right to life, liberty, freedom of expression and religion, equality before the law, adequate standard of living, and participation in government and culture.
2. Since 1812, the people of Spain enjoyed freedoms of speech, press, and association. However, during the 19th century the Filipinos were denied these same rights by the Spanish.
3. A Spanish economist named Sinibaldo questioned why the Spanish fought for liberty in Spain but denied it to Filipinos under their control. Rizal also advocated for recognizing human rights to promote harmony among people.
Philippine Economy Under the Spanish Occuption
Under Spanish rule, the Philippines' economy was centered around an encomienda land ownership system where Spanish soldiers were given land and indigenous people living on it. Several taxes were also imposed on Filipinos to support the Spanish colony, including the tithe, tribute, and forced labor system of polo y servicio. The Manila-Acapulco galleon trade brought silver and silk through Manila for over two hundred years, though it neglected local industry development. The Royal Society of Friends of the Country and tobacco monopoly helped agricultural advancement, but overall the Philippines remained economically undeveloped and a burden on Spain.
Rizal’s manifesto and defense
Rizal was accused of three crimes: rebellion, sedition, and illegal association. In his defense, Rizal provided twelve points proving his innocence, including that he advised others not to engage in revolution, did not correspond with revolutionary elements, and his life in exile in Dapitan was exemplary. However, on December 28, 1896, Governor-General Polavieja approved the decision of the court-martial and ordered Rizal to be shot on December 30 at Bagumbayan Field.
Poems of Rizal
POEMS OF RIZAL
Sa Aking Mga Kabata
“To my fellow children”
a poem about the love of one's native language written in Tagalog.
Jose Rizal wrote it in 1869 at the age of eight.
The poem was widely taught in Philippine schools to point out Rizal's precociousness and early development of his nationalistic ideals.
Mi Primera Inspiracion
“My first inspiration”
first poem written by Dr. Jose Rizal during his third academic year in Ateneo de Municipal.
He wrote the poem in 1874, before he turned 14.
He was delighted to see his mother, Doña Teodora Alonso, released from prison that same year so he dedicated the poem to her.
He also dedicated this poem to his mother’s birthday.
Por la Educacion Recibe Lustre la Patria
“Through Education Our Motherland Receives Light”
Rizal wrote this poem in the year 1876 at the age of fifteen.
It was written in Ateneo de Municipal in Manila.
The poem was written during the Spanish Government.
Alianza Íntima Entre La Religión Y La Buena Educación
“The Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education”
Poem he wrote to show the important relationship between religion and education.
During the summer of April 1876, before entering his fifth year in Ateneo Municipal in June, Jose Rizal previous to turning fifteen wrote this poem along with Por La Educación Recibe Lustre La Patria.
Religious Poems
Al Nino Jesus
“To the Child Jesus”
written in Spanish by Jose Rizal in 1875 at the age of 14 during his stay Ateneo De Municipal.
After his mother’s imprisonment, he wrote many poems, mostly inspired by his friend and professor: Father Sanchez.
Among the poems he wrote, in 1875 were
the ff:
Felicitacion (Felicitation)
El Embarque Himno a la Flota de Magallanes (The Departure: Hymn to Magellan’s Fleet)
Y Es Español: Elcano, el Primero en dar la Vuelta al Mundo (And He Is Spanish Elcano, the First to Circumnavigate the World)
El Combate: Urbiztondo, Terror de Jolo (The Battle: Urbiztondo, Terror of Jolo)
In 1876, he wrote other poems on various topics. Among these are:
Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo
“In Memory of My Town”
Which was also another tender poem about the town where he was born.
Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo
“In Memory of My Town”
Rizal wrote it in 1876 when he was 15 years old while a student in the Ateneo de Manila.
This poem is about the Calamba, the place where he was born, which he loved very dearly.
The following year of 1877 also showed a lot of poetry that were written by him:
El Heroismo de Colon
“The Heroism of Columbus”
This poem praises Columbus for his adventurous spirit and his success as an explorer.
2 Reasons why famous poem of Rizal, “To The Filipino Youth” was described as “winning classic in Philippine Literature”
It was the first Spanish poem written by a Filipino, which gained recognition among known Spanish authors,
It contained for the first time, the nationalistic sentiment insinuating that the Filipinos, and no
Heneral Emilio Aguinaldo: Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan
1) Emilio Aguinaldo was born in 1869 in Cavite province and became a leader in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule.
2) As he aged, Aguinaldo documented his memories and role in the revolution through memoirs and diaries, but it is unclear if a promised second volume was completed.
3) Aguinaldo's historic home in Kawit, which now serves as a museum, contains many secret passages and architectural details, but also an untouched library that may hold unpublished writings by Aguinaldo awaiting study by historians.
Rizal in the 19th Century Philippines
Under Spanish colonial rule in the 19th century, the Philippines had an inefficient and corrupt centralized administration system with the governor-general wielding absolute powers. The society was feudal and based on racial discrimination, with Peninsulares at the top of the social hierarchy. Education was limited, religion-oriented and aimed at promoting Spanish culture. While the 1863 decree expanded access, schools remained inadequate and under friar control.
Jose Rizal in UST
This document provides details about Jose Rizal's education history. It describes that he started at the Ateneo de Manila where he took surveying courses. He then enrolled at the University of Santo Tomas in 1877 at age 16 to study Philosophy and Letters, and later transferred to the medical program. The document outlines the various courses and grades he achieved in his studies at UST from 1877-1882. It also mentions some of his literary works and romantic interests during this time period as a student in Manila.
Socio-Political Environment of the Philippines during the Spanish Regime
Spain invaded and ruled the Philippines for 333 years from 1565 to 1898. Their rule changed Philippine history in three key ways: 1) the Philippines became Catholic, 2) the country was exposed to European and Mexican culture, and 3) the Philippines lost its independence for the first time. Spain established a centralized government and unified the country's independent barangays as the nation of Filipinas. The Spanish colonial government established hierarchical national and local governments that ruled the Philippines until independence.
1st journey of rizal
This document summarizes Rizal's journey from the Philippines to Europe from 1882 to 1887. Some key points:
- Rizal departed secretly from Manila in 1882 to study in Spain and pursue his "secret mission" of observing European societies to help liberate the Filipino people.
- He traveled through Singapore, Sri Lanka, Egypt, and France before settling in Madrid, Spain to study medicine and philosophy.
- Rizal also spent time in Paris, Heidelberg studying ophthalmology, and other German cities like Leipzig and Dresden.
- Throughout his travels, Rizal keenly observed different cultures and societies while continuing his studies. He also wrote articles to raise awareness about
Spanish colonial government part iii
This is the last part of the lesson on the Spanish Colonial Government focusing on the Spanish Imposed Institutions and Economic Policies
Chapter 4: The Dawn of Filipino Nationalism
Topic: Chapter 4 - The Dawn of Filipino Nationalism
Life & Works of Rizal
St. Joseph's College of Quezon City
SY 2014 - 2015
Feel free to download and use this for your class!
GE Rizal: The Philippines of Rizal's Time (11 Evil Colonial Power)
During Rizal's time in the Philippines, the country suffered under oppressive Spanish colonial rule. The Spanish governance was unstable, with frequent changes in leadership. Colonial officials were often corrupt, accepting bribes and imposing harsh punishments. Filipinos had no representation and no rights, facing racial discrimination, abuse of forced labor systems, and an unjust legal system dominated by corrupt friars. This exploitation and oppression ignited nationalist sentiments and a desire for reforms that figures like Rizal sought to advocate.
Bonifacio and the katipunan
The document summarizes the founding and history of the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society established in 1892 by Andres Bonifacio in Manila. It details how Bonifacio and other patriots founded the society after the arrest of Jose Rizal. The Katipunan aimed to gain independence from Spain through civic, political and moral means. It established a governing structure and elected Bonifacio as its first leader. The society expanded rapidly and published a newspaper to spread its ideals. Emilio Jacinto emerged as Bonifacio's close friend and collaborator in leading the Katipunan's uprising against Spanish colonial rule.
Travels of rizal (1)
Rizal traveled extensively for his studies, living in Spain, France, Germany, England, Belgium, and Japan. He wrote articles and books criticizing the Spanish colonial government and Catholic Church's treatment of Filipinos. This led the Spanish to exile him to Dapitan in the Philippines in 1892, where he taught and provided medical services. When the Philippine Revolution began in 1896, the Spanish falsely accused him of involvement and imprisoned him in Fort Santiago until his execution on December 30, 1896.
Rizal's Exile in Dapitan
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan from 1892-1896 where he lived a productive life as a physician, educator, inventor, farmer, and businessman. He established a school and hospital, helped develop infrastructure like water systems, and engaged in various commercial ventures. Rizal also continued his scientific, artistic, and linguistic pursuits. He had a romantic relationship with Josephine Bracken but was unable to marry due to opposition. Rizal offered his services as a doctor in Cuba but was arrested upon returning to Manila and eventually executed.
Education during the spanish regime and its colonial effects group 4
During Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines (1565-1898):
1. Education was controlled by the Catholic Church and aimed to convert Filipinos to Catholicism. Religious orders established schools and universities to teach religion.
2. The oldest universities and the first public education system in Asia were created, but education remained limited. It was underdeveloped and mostly privileged Spanish students.
3. Some educated Filipinos called Ilustrados sought educational reforms and challenged Spanish rule, representing one effect of the colonial education system. However, most Filipinos remained unable to learn beyond their native languages.
Final pt 2
1) Squanto was a member of the Patuxet Native American tribe who helped the Pilgrims in Plymouth colony. He taught them how to plant corn and fish. Squanto later died in 1622.
2) Native American tribes had traditions like tests of manhood where boys were left alone in the forest in winter. Tribal leaders called sachems were chosen by prestigious members and made political decisions with other men.
3) Europeans like the French and English began visiting New England in the early 1600s to trade with Native Americans for furs and fish, but this led to conflicts over land and resources.
Final pt 2
1) Squanto was a member of the Patuxet Native American tribe who helped the Pilgrims in Plymouth colony. He taught them how to plant corn and fish. Squanto later died in 1622.
2) Native tribes had traditions like tests of manhood where men would be left alone in the forest in winter. Tribal leaders called sachems were chosen by prestigious members and made political decisions with other men.
3) Europeans like the French and English began visiting New England tribes in the early 1600s to trade for furs and fish. However, conflicts arose from differing goals and treatment of natives.
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19th century Philippines as Rizal’s context
The document discusses the political, economic, and social aspects that shaped the Philippines during the 19th century under Spanish colonial rule. This includes the impact of the Bourbon Reforms, the introduction of the Cadiz Constitution, the end of the Galleon trade, the opening of the Suez Canal, the rise of the Chinese mestizos and inquilinos social classes. Overall, these changes introduced ideas of liberalism, nationalism and calls for more rights and representation among Filipinos during Rizal's time in the late 19th century.
Rizal’s First Travel Abroad
Rizal decided to study abroad in Europe without his parents' consent. He traveled to Singapore and then continued on to locations like Ceylon, Aden, Italy, France, and Spain. In Spain, he studied medicine and philosophy and was involved in writing and political activism. He experienced hardship but also made important connections. He later traveled throughout Europe including to Germany where he did further study and research, worked in medical clinics, and wrote his first novel which inspired political change.
The philippines a century hence pptx
Rizal's essay "The Philippines a Century Hence" from 1889 forecasts three possible futures for the Philippines within 100 years: 1) Remaining a colony of Spain in good terms, 2) Attempting to cut ties through violence, or 3) Being colonized by another country. He analyzes the causes of Filipino misery under Spanish colonial policies including population decline, cultural destruction, and passivity among the natives. However, the Filipinos began to realize oppression could no longer be tolerated as national consciousness grew despite Spain's attempts to keep the people uneducated, impoverished, and submissive.
Rizal’s life, works and writing
The document provides details about Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law. It mandates that the works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, be included in the curriculum of all public and private schools, colleges and universities. The law aims to rekindle nationalism in the hearts of Filipinos, especially youth. It discusses the requirements of the law for educational institutions to include Rizal's works in their curriculum and have copies available.
Human Rights denied to Filipinos
1. The document lists 17 human rights that include the right to life, liberty, freedom of expression and religion, equality before the law, adequate standard of living, and participation in government and culture.
2. Since 1812, the people of Spain enjoyed freedoms of speech, press, and association. However, during the 19th century the Filipinos were denied these same rights by the Spanish.
3. A Spanish economist named Sinibaldo questioned why the Spanish fought for liberty in Spain but denied it to Filipinos under their control. Rizal also advocated for recognizing human rights to promote harmony among people.
Philippine Economy Under the Spanish Occuption
Under Spanish rule, the Philippines' economy was centered around an encomienda land ownership system where Spanish soldiers were given land and indigenous people living on it. Several taxes were also imposed on Filipinos to support the Spanish colony, including the tithe, tribute, and forced labor system of polo y servicio. The Manila-Acapulco galleon trade brought silver and silk through Manila for over two hundred years, though it neglected local industry development. The Royal Society of Friends of the Country and tobacco monopoly helped agricultural advancement, but overall the Philippines remained economically undeveloped and a burden on Spain.
Rizal’s manifesto and defense
Rizal was accused of three crimes: rebellion, sedition, and illegal association. In his defense, Rizal provided twelve points proving his innocence, including that he advised others not to engage in revolution, did not correspond with revolutionary elements, and his life in exile in Dapitan was exemplary. However, on December 28, 1896, Governor-General Polavieja approved the decision of the court-martial and ordered Rizal to be shot on December 30 at Bagumbayan Field.
Poems of Rizal
POEMS OF RIZAL
Sa Aking Mga Kabata
“To my fellow children”
a poem about the love of one's native language written in Tagalog.
Jose Rizal wrote it in 1869 at the age of eight.
The poem was widely taught in Philippine schools to point out Rizal's precociousness and early development of his nationalistic ideals.
Mi Primera Inspiracion
“My first inspiration”
first poem written by Dr. Jose Rizal during his third academic year in Ateneo de Municipal.
He wrote the poem in 1874, before he turned 14.
He was delighted to see his mother, Doña Teodora Alonso, released from prison that same year so he dedicated the poem to her.
He also dedicated this poem to his mother’s birthday.
Por la Educacion Recibe Lustre la Patria
“Through Education Our Motherland Receives Light”
Rizal wrote this poem in the year 1876 at the age of fifteen.
It was written in Ateneo de Municipal in Manila.
The poem was written during the Spanish Government.
Alianza Íntima Entre La Religión Y La Buena Educación
“The Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education”
Poem he wrote to show the important relationship between religion and education.
During the summer of April 1876, before entering his fifth year in Ateneo Municipal in June, Jose Rizal previous to turning fifteen wrote this poem along with Por La Educación Recibe Lustre La Patria.
Religious Poems
Al Nino Jesus
“To the Child Jesus”
written in Spanish by Jose Rizal in 1875 at the age of 14 during his stay Ateneo De Municipal.
After his mother’s imprisonment, he wrote many poems, mostly inspired by his friend and professor: Father Sanchez.
Among the poems he wrote, in 1875 were
the ff:
Felicitacion (Felicitation)
El Embarque Himno a la Flota de Magallanes (The Departure: Hymn to Magellan’s Fleet)
Y Es Español: Elcano, el Primero en dar la Vuelta al Mundo (And He Is Spanish Elcano, the First to Circumnavigate the World)
El Combate: Urbiztondo, Terror de Jolo (The Battle: Urbiztondo, Terror of Jolo)
In 1876, he wrote other poems on various topics. Among these are:
Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo
“In Memory of My Town”
Which was also another tender poem about the town where he was born.
Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo
“In Memory of My Town”
Rizal wrote it in 1876 when he was 15 years old while a student in the Ateneo de Manila.
This poem is about the Calamba, the place where he was born, which he loved very dearly.
The following year of 1877 also showed a lot of poetry that were written by him:
El Heroismo de Colon
“The Heroism of Columbus”
This poem praises Columbus for his adventurous spirit and his success as an explorer.
2 Reasons why famous poem of Rizal, “To The Filipino Youth” was described as “winning classic in Philippine Literature”
It was the first Spanish poem written by a Filipino, which gained recognition among known Spanish authors,
It contained for the first time, the nationalistic sentiment insinuating that the Filipinos, and no
Heneral Emilio Aguinaldo: Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan
1) Emilio Aguinaldo was born in 1869 in Cavite province and became a leader in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule.
2) As he aged, Aguinaldo documented his memories and role in the revolution through memoirs and diaries, but it is unclear if a promised second volume was completed.
3) Aguinaldo's historic home in Kawit, which now serves as a museum, contains many secret passages and architectural details, but also an untouched library that may hold unpublished writings by Aguinaldo awaiting study by historians.
Rizal in the 19th Century Philippines
Under Spanish colonial rule in the 19th century, the Philippines had an inefficient and corrupt centralized administration system with the governor-general wielding absolute powers. The society was feudal and based on racial discrimination, with Peninsulares at the top of the social hierarchy. Education was limited, religion-oriented and aimed at promoting Spanish culture. While the 1863 decree expanded access, schools remained inadequate and under friar control.
Jose Rizal in UST
This document provides details about Jose Rizal's education history. It describes that he started at the Ateneo de Manila where he took surveying courses. He then enrolled at the University of Santo Tomas in 1877 at age 16 to study Philosophy and Letters, and later transferred to the medical program. The document outlines the various courses and grades he achieved in his studies at UST from 1877-1882. It also mentions some of his literary works and romantic interests during this time period as a student in Manila.
Socio-Political Environment of the Philippines during the Spanish Regime
Spain invaded and ruled the Philippines for 333 years from 1565 to 1898. Their rule changed Philippine history in three key ways: 1) the Philippines became Catholic, 2) the country was exposed to European and Mexican culture, and 3) the Philippines lost its independence for the first time. Spain established a centralized government and unified the country's independent barangays as the nation of Filipinas. The Spanish colonial government established hierarchical national and local governments that ruled the Philippines until independence.
1st journey of rizal
This document summarizes Rizal's journey from the Philippines to Europe from 1882 to 1887. Some key points:
- Rizal departed secretly from Manila in 1882 to study in Spain and pursue his "secret mission" of observing European societies to help liberate the Filipino people.
- He traveled through Singapore, Sri Lanka, Egypt, and France before settling in Madrid, Spain to study medicine and philosophy.
- Rizal also spent time in Paris, Heidelberg studying ophthalmology, and other German cities like Leipzig and Dresden.
- Throughout his travels, Rizal keenly observed different cultures and societies while continuing his studies. He also wrote articles to raise awareness about
Spanish colonial government part iii
This is the last part of the lesson on the Spanish Colonial Government focusing on the Spanish Imposed Institutions and Economic Policies
Chapter 4: The Dawn of Filipino Nationalism
Topic: Chapter 4 - The Dawn of Filipino Nationalism
Life & Works of Rizal
St. Joseph's College of Quezon City
SY 2014 - 2015
Feel free to download and use this for your class!
GE Rizal: The Philippines of Rizal's Time (11 Evil Colonial Power)
During Rizal's time in the Philippines, the country suffered under oppressive Spanish colonial rule. The Spanish governance was unstable, with frequent changes in leadership. Colonial officials were often corrupt, accepting bribes and imposing harsh punishments. Filipinos had no representation and no rights, facing racial discrimination, abuse of forced labor systems, and an unjust legal system dominated by corrupt friars. This exploitation and oppression ignited nationalist sentiments and a desire for reforms that figures like Rizal sought to advocate.
Bonifacio and the katipunan
The document summarizes the founding and history of the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society established in 1892 by Andres Bonifacio in Manila. It details how Bonifacio and other patriots founded the society after the arrest of Jose Rizal. The Katipunan aimed to gain independence from Spain through civic, political and moral means. It established a governing structure and elected Bonifacio as its first leader. The society expanded rapidly and published a newspaper to spread its ideals. Emilio Jacinto emerged as Bonifacio's close friend and collaborator in leading the Katipunan's uprising against Spanish colonial rule.
Travels of rizal (1)
Rizal traveled extensively for his studies, living in Spain, France, Germany, England, Belgium, and Japan. He wrote articles and books criticizing the Spanish colonial government and Catholic Church's treatment of Filipinos. This led the Spanish to exile him to Dapitan in the Philippines in 1892, where he taught and provided medical services. When the Philippine Revolution began in 1896, the Spanish falsely accused him of involvement and imprisoned him in Fort Santiago until his execution on December 30, 1896.
Rizal's Exile in Dapitan
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan from 1892-1896 where he lived a productive life as a physician, educator, inventor, farmer, and businessman. He established a school and hospital, helped develop infrastructure like water systems, and engaged in various commercial ventures. Rizal also continued his scientific, artistic, and linguistic pursuits. He had a romantic relationship with Josephine Bracken but was unable to marry due to opposition. Rizal offered his services as a doctor in Cuba but was arrested upon returning to Manila and eventually executed.
Education during the spanish regime and its colonial effects group 4
During Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines (1565-1898):
1. Education was controlled by the Catholic Church and aimed to convert Filipinos to Catholicism. Religious orders established schools and universities to teach religion.
2. The oldest universities and the first public education system in Asia were created, but education remained limited. It was underdeveloped and mostly privileged Spanish students.
3. Some educated Filipinos called Ilustrados sought educational reforms and challenged Spanish rule, representing one effect of the colonial education system. However, most Filipinos remained unable to learn beyond their native languages.
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Education during the spanish regime and its colonial effects group 4
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Similar to Pacto De Sangre
Final pt 2
1) Squanto was a member of the Patuxet Native American tribe who helped the Pilgrims in Plymouth colony. He taught them how to plant corn and fish. Squanto later died in 1622.
2) Native American tribes had traditions like tests of manhood where boys were left alone in the forest in winter. Tribal leaders called sachems were chosen by prestigious members and made political decisions with other men.
3) Europeans like the French and English began visiting New England in the early 1600s to trade with Native Americans for furs and fish, but this led to conflicts over land and resources.
Final pt 2
1) Squanto was a member of the Patuxet Native American tribe who helped the Pilgrims in Plymouth colony. He taught them how to plant corn and fish. Squanto later died in 1622.
2) Native tribes had traditions like tests of manhood where men would be left alone in the forest in winter. Tribal leaders called sachems were chosen by prestigious members and made political decisions with other men.
3) Europeans like the French and English began visiting New England tribes in the early 1600s to trade for furs and fish. However, conflicts arose from differing goals and treatment of natives.
Final pt 2
The document discusses several stories from early colonial America involving interactions between indigenous peoples and European settlers:
1) It describes Squanto, a member of the Patuxet tribe who helped the Pilgrims in Plymouth and discusses traditions of the Patuxet people like rituals of manhood.
2) It discusses early French and English exploration and their interactions with native tribes, including an incident where Squanto and others were kidnapped.
3) It briefly summarizes accusations of witchcraft against Beatriz de Padilla and disputes over religion between Spanish missionaries and an indigenous man named Diego.
Macalindong
The document discusses several aspects of pre-Spanish Filipino culture including their oral and written laws, burial and mourning customs, supernatural beliefs, and different types of priests and their roles in their society. It describes how the barangays had both oral traditions and written laws established by datus. When someone died, they had elaborate burial rituals and mourning periods where relatives wore white. They believed in supreme gods and lesser gods as well as spirits of ancestors. There were 12 categories of priests that had different supernatural powers and roles related to healing, curses, producing fire, communicating with the dead, and more.
Macalindong
The document summarizes the supernatural beliefs of pre-Spanish Filipinos based on writings from Spanish colonizers. It describes that ancient Filipinos believed in a supreme god called Bathala and lesser gods. They also worshipped ancestral spirits called anitos through carved idols and sacrifices. Spanish writer Father Plasencia categorized 12 types of pagan priests in Filipino society that involved practices like witchcraft, healing, divination, and gender non-conforming roles. These priests were seen as devil worshippers by Christian Spanish colonizers.
CHAPTER-7-RIZZAHL-revised-edition (1).pptx
Rizal returns to the Philippines from Hong Kong in 1892 against the advice of his family who feared he would be arrested and executed. In letters written before his return and entrusted to a friend, Rizal explains that his return is motivated by a sense of duty and love for his family and country. He hopes that by facing potential danger himself, it will end the unjust persecution of his innocent family and other Filipinos by Spanish authorities. Rizal is willing to risk his life and die for the justice, peace and happiness of his loved ones and his homeland.
Bankaw religious uprising
Datu Bankaw was one of the first native leaders to convert to Christianity after the arrival of Spanish missionaries in the 16th century. However, nearly 50 years later he led a revolt, instigated by an earlier uprising in Bohol, renouncing Christianity and building temples to traditional gods. The Spanish authorities responded by sending ships manned by soldiers to put down the rebellion. In the ensuing battle, Bankaw and his sons were killed and his daughter was taken captive, with Bankaw's head displayed publicly. The revolt marked increased resistance from natives to Spanish control over the Philippines.
Chapter 21
1) Rizal returned to Manila on June 26, 1892 and was met by Spanish authorities. He had meetings with Governor General Despujol to discuss pardoning his family but was not fully successful.
2) Rizal visited friends in Central Luzon and was shadowed by government spies. His friends' homes were later raided.
3) On July 3, Rizal founded the Liga Filipina civic league to unite Filipinos and promote reforms.
4) During a subsequent meeting, Despujol unexpectedly accused Rizal of subversive activities and had him arrested and deported to Dapitan, where he remained in exile until 1896.
InterCultural
This document discusses the importance of intercultural understanding and unity between different cultural traditions. It references a quote by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan about how physical unity in the world has not led to psychological unity, and that true understanding between cultures is needed. It then provides examples from history, including a 1774 treaty between the Gorkha and Limbu kingdoms in Nepal that used salt and water as a metaphor for how different cultures can live together harmoniously, just as salt mingles with water. The document suggests this treaty provides lessons for how to mix cultures today.
Lit 114
The document discusses several topics related to Philippine literature from pre-Spanish times to the Spanish period. It provides examples of different literary genres that developed during these periods, including folk epics, folk songs, folk tales, moro-moro plays, religious passion plays, and funeral chants. The document also discusses the development of literature and how Spanish colonization influenced Philippine society and culture, leading to changes in lifestyle and the emergence of new social classes.
Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa.pptx
This document provides a summary of key events related to the trial and execution of Jose Rizal, the Philippine nationalist hero. It describes the charges brought against Rizal, including being the principal organizer of the Filipino insurrection. It outlines Rizal's defense against 12 points and his subsequent conviction. It notes Governor General Polavieja's approval of the death sentence and order for Rizal to be executed by firing squad on December 30, cementing Polavieja's place in Philippine history as responsible for Rizal's death.
Spanish colonial text
The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity
Chapter21 second home coming and la liga filipina
Rizal returned to Manila on June 26, 1892 with his sister. He met with Governor General Despujol to discuss pardoning his family. On July 3, Rizal attended a meeting where he established the La Liga Filipina civic league to unite Filipinos and promote reforms. However, on July 6 Despujol had Rizal arrested under accusations of sedition and had him deported to Dapitan without trial, where he began his exile.
Customs of the Tagalogs by Plasencia (English version) (1).pptx
Juan de Plasencia was a Franciscan friar who arrived in the Philippines in 1578 and helped convert natives to Christianity. He wrote "Customs of the Tagalogs" in 1589, which described pre-Hispanic Tagalog society. It detailed their social hierarchy consisting of nobles, commoners, and slaves. It also described their marriage customs, property ownership, and religious practices which involved worshipping ancestors and nature-based idols. The work provides valuable insights into Tagalog culture before European influence.
Andres bonifacio and the 1896 revolution
The document summarizes the founding of the Katipunan and the establishment of the first Filipino government during the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule in 1896. It discusses how the Katipunan, led by Andres Bonifacio, declared a nationwide revolution and established a national government during a meeting in August 1896. It also explains how the Katipunan became the de facto government governing the entire Philippine archipelago after the revolution began in August 1896, establishing laws and bureaucratic structures to administer the country.
Spanish Conquest of the Islands
The Spanish conquest of the Philippines began in 1565 when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi was appointed the first governor-general by King Philip II of Spain. Legazpi established Manila as the capital and defeated Rajah Suliman, whose forces had previously ruled Manila. Through the use of strategies like the "sword and cross" representing religion and force, establishing central communities called reducciones, and the ritual blood compact, the Spanish were able to begin asserting control over the islands and native populations. Over time they established systems of tribute, taxation, and forced labor to extract resources and consolidate their colonial rule.
Uplifting Cultural Heritage: Retracing Pre-Hispanic Society and its Relevance...
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Lecture slides for "Uplifiting Cultural Heritage: Retracing Pre-Hispanic Society and its Relevance to the Appreciation to Philippine History" Lecture was given on October 13, 2018 at the Study Lounge, Southern de Oro Philippines College, Licoan Junction, Cagayan de Oro City, 9000the retraction of Rizal
This is about the cry of the rebellion which is the revolution of the Philippines and the Retraction of Rizal which he stated in the letter he had wrote that all the novels, books and writing that he had wrote was all false info and not true
Heart
The document discusses human sacrifice practices among the ancient Maya civilization. It describes procedures for sacrificing victims, such as fastening cords around bodies and hurling them into sacrificial pits. There is no consensus on the scale or reasons for these sacrifices. Maya elites could independently perform sacrifices during times of crisis or for dedicatory purposes of new structures. Archeological evidence shows instances of child sacrifice at Maya sites.
Philippine literature during the spanish period
During the Spanish period in Philippine literature from 1565-1872:
- Literature flourished as the Spanish introduced Christianity, the Spanish language, and translated ancient Filipino works. Genres included religious texts, grammars, folk songs, plays, and poems.
- Early works were Christian doctrines and folktales translated to Tagalog. Poetry and plays grew increasingly popular and dealt with love, politics, and religion.
- Spanish colonialism influenced Philippine literature through the propagation of Christianity, the imposition of the Spanish language, and the introduction of European genres and traditions.
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Pacto De Sangre
- 1. The Pacto de Sangre in the Late 19th Century: Nationalist Emplotment of Philippine History By: Gid Chris A. Malenab BSED 4-12 Social Studies
- 2. Blood Compact was an ancient ritual in the Philippines intended to seal a friendship or treaty, or to validate an agreement. (Xiao Chua, De La Salle University Historian and Lecturer)
- 3. Blood Compact is a custom among the ancient Filipinos of sealing a treaty of alliance and friendship by mixing the blood taken from an incision in the arms of the two leaders entering into alliance” in an alcoholic drink that both leaders drank. (Fr. John Schumacher)
- 4. The event that happened in Bohol in 1565, involving Sikatuna and Legazpi.
- 5. The Pacto de Sangre in Philippine History
- 6. “At Limasawa, he [Legazpi] was well received by Bankaw, king of the island. At Bohol, he made a blood compact with two Filipino kings of the island— Sikatuna and Sigala.” (Gregorio Zaide in History of the Filipino People)
- 7. Zaide gave a longer account, detailing the background of Legazpi and Urdaneta, describing the voyage, and explaining the context of the Blood Compact, even mentioning the village where it was supposed to have become known.
- 8. Agoncillo thought it worth a quick mention: “By February 1565, Legazpi reached Cebu and contracted blood compacts with Si Katuna and Si Gala at Bohol.”
- 9. Agoncillo’s example would be followed by Renato Constantino (1975), Jaime Veneracion (1987), and O. D. Corpuz (1989), who chose to be quiet about the Pacto de Sangre.
- 10. The sandugo (literally, unified blood) ceremony of Legazpi with Sikatuna and Sigala, as well as that of Kolambu and Magellan, but chose to emphasize the rite that transpired between Tupas and Legazpi in Cebu, explaining:
- 11. “Now, in the solemn ritual, native and foreigner would sanctify the friendship that eluded earlier efforts. But, though blood had blended, minds remained apart. To the Filipino, the blood compact was an agreement between equals, a pledge of eternal fraternity and alliance. In the same instant that Tupas and Legazpi now drained their cups, it was clear on the other hand that to the Spaniard this was a ceremony between victor and vanquished foe.” (Ferdinand E. Marcos)
- 12. Jose Arcilla metioned in his book: Rizal and the emergence of the Philippine Nation describes sanduguan as “too florid”
- 13. “Miguel Lopez de Legazpi arrived in Cebu, ruled by Rajah Tupas, on 27 April 1565. Earlier, he had landed in Bohol, where he befriended two native chiefs, Sikatuna and Sigala, with whom he performed blood compacts, first with Sikatuna on 16 March 1565 and, a few days later, with Sigala.”
- 14. the frame of modern diplomacy: It was as a “treaty of peace” needed by both agents.
- 15. “can be seen not only as the first bond of friendship between the Philippines and Spain, but also the first international treaty between the Philippines and a foreign country”
- 16. Virgilio Almario gives the blood oath a inspirational significance that verges on a post-nationalist reading.
- 17. To many Filipinos there is a sense of Sikatuna standing tall in the face of the conquistador Legazpi, the latter compelled to abide by the indigenous custom as a way of “insuring friendly relations.”
- 18. The Ancient Blood Oaths
- 19. Blood Oaths is the forging of an alliance in the context of preventing bloodshed or ending a feud or warfare involved a ceremony in which drops of blood from the persons entering into this bond were mixed in an alcoholic drink, which they then drank.
- 20. “Reconciliation between those who have quarreled, whether these are individuals or the people of different villages, is brought about by drawing blood from the arms of both parties, and each tasting the blood of the other, placed in a shell, sometimes mixed with a little wine; and such friendship is not to be broken.” (translated from Miguel de Loarca’s Statement)
- 21. “When they make friends with those whom they are at war or with others, some are accustomed to take a little blood from the arms or other part of the body and give it to drink to those who wish to become their friends and the others do likewise and in this way they say peace and friendship are made perfectly and that it would not break.” (The Boxer’s Codex)