The document discusses scheduling methods for repetitive projects. It describes two main approaches: duration-driven schedules that focus on activity durations and relationships, and resource-driven schedules that emphasize meeting deadlines by focusing on resource needs. The line of balance (LOB) method is presented as a resource-driven approach for scheduling repetitive units to meet a deadline. The LOB calculates resource needs by determining the project delivery rate and synchronizing crew work using equations that consider unit durations, total project duration, and float times between activities. An example demonstrates how to apply the LOB calculations to determine the number of crews needed for a pipeline project with 5 repetitive units and a deadline of 30 days.
This schedule outlines the tasks and timeline for a group project to model two areas in the SIMS game engine. Key activities include:
- Choosing areas and producing a schedule in Week 1
- Measuring, photographing, and diagramming the areas in Week 2
- Building basic shells of the areas in Week 3
- Adding details, rendering, and evaluating the models in Weeks 4-5
The schedule allocates time for tasks, tutorials, and reviews to help the group stay on track to complete the project.
The document discusses the development of requirements for a vehicle through model-based systems engineering. It provides examples of models that can be used to capture a vehicle's operational concept, including a design reference mission diagram, a phase model, and an activity model. The models aim to depict how the vehicle and crew interact during different mission activities and phases to achieve objectives. They are used to identify vehicle capabilities and functions needed to implement the operational concept.
LDAC-1 developed a minimum functionality lunar lander design using a risk-informed approach to meet basic mission requirements. LDAC-2 then focused on reducing risks to crew safety by adding redundancy and reliability upgrades. The goal was to design a lander that provided adequate safety for crew with a design optimized for mass.
NASA has implemented CMMI models to improve software engineering processes. Key impacts include reduced risk, more accurate cost estimates, and finding defects earlier. NASA requires a minimum CMMI level for contractors depending on software class. Lessons learned are that preparation is critical, tools help achieve compliance, and cultural changes have significantly improved practices. CMMI provides a proven approach to manage performance if defined processes are used, results measured, and continuous improvements made.
Dynamic and Stochastic Berth and Quay Crane Allocation, TSL Workshop, 2013Alan Erera
This document discusses dynamic modeling and nested tabu search approaches for berth and quay crane allocation problems. It presents a two-stage rolling horizon approximation model that minimizes sample average cost to effectively solve multistage problems with stochastic vessel arrival times. Computational results show tabu search heuristics find good solutions faster than CPLEX for dynamic berth allocation problems. The two-stage approach also outperforms one-stage models in optimizing total vessel dwell time.
Curriculum implementation of skills in sciencervhstl
This document outlines a curriculum implementation plan to focus on developing skills in science. It discusses mapping skills to topics, reframing learning objectives to specify skills and content, including skills in curriculum planning documents, holding professional learning communities to discuss skills, and designating learning ambassadors to communicate skills. The overall goals are to develop students' skills in line with the curriculum's intent, help students succeed on assessments requiring these skills, and inform teaching, planning, assessments and monitoring of student progress based on skills.
TH3.L10.4 - SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE (SMAP) CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION P...grssieee
The document outlines the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) calibration and validation plan. It discusses pre-launch and post-launch validation activities, including establishing core validation sites and conducting field experiments like the Canadian Experiment (CanEx) campaign. The plan aims to validate SMAP's soil moisture products to meet mission requirements and improve algorithms over the mission lifetime through ongoing calibration and validation efforts.
We propose a discrete-time formulation for optimization of scheduling in crude-oil refineries considering both the logistics details practiced in industry and the process feed diet and quality calculations. The quantity-logic-quality phenomena (QLQP) involving a non-convex mixed-integer nonlinear (MINLP) problem is decomposed considering first the logistics model containing quantity and logic variables and constraints in a mixed-integer linear (MILP) formulation and, secondly, the quality problem with quantity and quality variables and constraints in a nonlinear programming (NLP) model by fixing the logic results from the logistics problem. Then, stream yields of crude distillation units (CDU), for the feed tank composition found in the quality calculation, are updated iteratively in the following logistics problem until their convergence is achieved. Both local and global MILP results of the logistics model are solved in the NLP programs of the quality and an ad-hoc criteria selects to continue those among a score of the MILP+NLP pairs of solutions. A pre-scheduling reduction to cluster similar quality crude-oils decreases the discrete search space in the possible superstructure of the industrial-sized example that demonstrates our tailor-made decomposition scheme of around 3% gap between the MILP and NLP solutions.
This schedule outlines the tasks and timeline for a group project to model two areas in the SIMS game engine. Key activities include:
- Choosing areas and producing a schedule in Week 1
- Measuring, photographing, and diagramming the areas in Week 2
- Building basic shells of the areas in Week 3
- Adding details, rendering, and evaluating the models in Weeks 4-5
The schedule allocates time for tasks, tutorials, and reviews to help the group stay on track to complete the project.
The document discusses the development of requirements for a vehicle through model-based systems engineering. It provides examples of models that can be used to capture a vehicle's operational concept, including a design reference mission diagram, a phase model, and an activity model. The models aim to depict how the vehicle and crew interact during different mission activities and phases to achieve objectives. They are used to identify vehicle capabilities and functions needed to implement the operational concept.
LDAC-1 developed a minimum functionality lunar lander design using a risk-informed approach to meet basic mission requirements. LDAC-2 then focused on reducing risks to crew safety by adding redundancy and reliability upgrades. The goal was to design a lander that provided adequate safety for crew with a design optimized for mass.
NASA has implemented CMMI models to improve software engineering processes. Key impacts include reduced risk, more accurate cost estimates, and finding defects earlier. NASA requires a minimum CMMI level for contractors depending on software class. Lessons learned are that preparation is critical, tools help achieve compliance, and cultural changes have significantly improved practices. CMMI provides a proven approach to manage performance if defined processes are used, results measured, and continuous improvements made.
Dynamic and Stochastic Berth and Quay Crane Allocation, TSL Workshop, 2013Alan Erera
This document discusses dynamic modeling and nested tabu search approaches for berth and quay crane allocation problems. It presents a two-stage rolling horizon approximation model that minimizes sample average cost to effectively solve multistage problems with stochastic vessel arrival times. Computational results show tabu search heuristics find good solutions faster than CPLEX for dynamic berth allocation problems. The two-stage approach also outperforms one-stage models in optimizing total vessel dwell time.
Curriculum implementation of skills in sciencervhstl
This document outlines a curriculum implementation plan to focus on developing skills in science. It discusses mapping skills to topics, reframing learning objectives to specify skills and content, including skills in curriculum planning documents, holding professional learning communities to discuss skills, and designating learning ambassadors to communicate skills. The overall goals are to develop students' skills in line with the curriculum's intent, help students succeed on assessments requiring these skills, and inform teaching, planning, assessments and monitoring of student progress based on skills.
TH3.L10.4 - SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE (SMAP) CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION P...grssieee
The document outlines the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) calibration and validation plan. It discusses pre-launch and post-launch validation activities, including establishing core validation sites and conducting field experiments like the Canadian Experiment (CanEx) campaign. The plan aims to validate SMAP's soil moisture products to meet mission requirements and improve algorithms over the mission lifetime through ongoing calibration and validation efforts.
We propose a discrete-time formulation for optimization of scheduling in crude-oil refineries considering both the logistics details practiced in industry and the process feed diet and quality calculations. The quantity-logic-quality phenomena (QLQP) involving a non-convex mixed-integer nonlinear (MINLP) problem is decomposed considering first the logistics model containing quantity and logic variables and constraints in a mixed-integer linear (MILP) formulation and, secondly, the quality problem with quantity and quality variables and constraints in a nonlinear programming (NLP) model by fixing the logic results from the logistics problem. Then, stream yields of crude distillation units (CDU), for the feed tank composition found in the quality calculation, are updated iteratively in the following logistics problem until their convergence is achieved. Both local and global MILP results of the logistics model are solved in the NLP programs of the quality and an ad-hoc criteria selects to continue those among a score of the MILP+NLP pairs of solutions. A pre-scheduling reduction to cluster similar quality crude-oils decreases the discrete search space in the possible superstructure of the industrial-sized example that demonstrates our tailor-made decomposition scheme of around 3% gap between the MILP and NLP solutions.
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance, which is 1.465 weeks.
Z = (Target Time - Expected Time) / Standard Deviation
= (42 - 40) / 1.465
= 1.37
Looking up 1.37 in the standard normal distribution table gives a probability of around 0.085 or 8.5% that the project will take longer than 42 days.
The RACI charting process defines roles and responsibilities for activities and tasks. It answers who must perform functions, and their level of involvement. RACI is a participative process that ensures ownership of responsibilities. The roles are: Responsible (perform activity/take part in decision), Accountable (ultimate decision/approval authority), Consulted (must provide input before decision), Informed (must be informed of decision/action). A RACI chart maps functional roles to activities, clarifying who is Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed for each activity.
Network analysis techniques such as critical path method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT) can be used to plan, manage, and control projects. CPM involves identifying all activities, their durations, and their logical sequence or precedence relationships using a network diagram of nodes and arrows. It allows determining the critical path that dictates the minimum project duration and identifying any activities that could delay the project if they slip. PERT extends CPM by using three time estimates per activity to model the uncertainty in activity durations through probability distributions.
Ast2Cfg - A Framework for CFG-Based Analysis and Visualisation of Ada ProgramsGneuromante canalada.org
Georg Kienesberger - Vienna University of Technology
FOSDEM’09
Free and Open Source Software Developers’ European Meeting
7-8 February 2009 - Brussels, Belgium
These slides are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Austria License. http://creativecommons.org
Enterprise-Wide Optimization for Operations of Crude-Oil Refineries: closing ...Brenno Menezes
We propose a quantitative analysis of an enterprise-wide optimization for operations of crude-oil refineries considering the integration of planning and scheduling to close the decision-making gap between the procurement of raw materials or feedstocks and the operations of the production scheduling. From a month to an hour, re-planning and re-scheduling iterations can better predict the processed crude-oil basket, diet or final composition, reducing the production costs and impacts in the process and product demands with respect to the quality of the raw materials. The goal is to interface planning and scheduling decisions within a time-window of a week with the support of re-optimization steps. Then, the selection, delivery, storage and mixture of crude-oil feeds from the tactical procurement planning up to the blend scheduling operations are made more appropriately. The up-to-down sequence of solutions are integrated in a feedback iteration to both reduce time-grids and as a key performance indicator.
18 09-2008 José Miranda Formigli Filho na Rio oil and Gas Expo Conference no ...Petrobras
The presentation discusses development plans for pre-salt oil fields in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil. It provides technical details on key fields like Tupi and Iara, outlining the challenging reservoir characteristics, production design for Tupi's pilot project, and technological hurdles. It then summarizes Petrobras' strategic approach to infrastructure development through its PLANSAL program, focusing on standardized production platforms, subsea pipelines, and contracting drilling rigs to enable significant production by 2017.
The document discusses different database technologies including SQL, NoSQL, and different types of NoSQL databases like key-value, column, graph and document stores. It provides examples like Redis, Riak, Neo4j and MongoDB. It discusses concepts like CAP theorem and tradeoffs between consistency, availability and partition tolerance. It also provides use cases for different database types and suggests using the right database for the right problem.
The document presents the kLab and kGeo-Algorithm methods for analyzing drilling cuttings to obtain reservoir performance properties. kLab uses several analytical tests on cuttings including digital fluorescence analysis, digital geological analysis, and hydrocarbon analysis. kGeo-Algorithm accepts kLab output and calculates petrophysical parameters through inversion algorithms. A case study demonstrates calculating matrix density from mineral densities and quantities. kLab can reproduce conventional well logs and provide additional data on reservoir multi-flow parameters and fracability.
This issue is valid as it causes lack of visibility and planning. It may result in storage issues, delays informing beneficiaries, and increased risk of fraud or loss. Possible solutions could include notifying FDPs in advance of planned dispatches and providing a way for FDPs to quickly report deliveries.
Quantitative Methods for Strategic Investment Planning in the Oil-Refining In...Brenno Menezes
Unlike traditional process design scenario-based methodologies to construct complex oil-refinery process network, discrete optimization approaches in MINLP and in an iterative MILP+NLP solve the capital investment planning problem to predict unit capacity increments (expansion or installation) for an integrated multi-site refinery problem considering resources such as capital and raw/intermediate material, processing and blending capabilities, market demands and project constraints.
This document contains three exercises related to construction project management. The first exercise provides cost and schedule data for a small project and asks to develop a time-cost curve and minimum contract duration. The second exercise provides activity duration, cost, and indirect cost data for a pipeline contract and asks to calculate minimum cost for a 102 day contract duration. The third exercise provides precedence data for a set of activities and asks to draw the precedence diagram and calculate additional cost for compressing the schedule to 65 days.
The document appears to be a course syllabus or outline for a construction contracts class taught by Dr. Khalid Al-Gahtani at King Saud University in spring 2008. It includes standard syllabus elements like the course title, instructor information, and page numbers but does not include any other contextual information.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
The document discusses project finance and contract pricing. It explains that total project cost is made up of fixed, time-related, and quantity-related costs. It also discusses project expenses, income, and how to calculate cash flow by looking at the difference between income and expenses over time. Cash flow can be impacted by payment delays, retainage, and whether payments are lump sum or based on completed work.
This document contains instructions and information for six exercises related to construction project management. It provides details on activities, costs, schedules, cash flows, and calculations to determine things like maximum cash needs, financial charges, profit margins, and rates of return for several small building and infrastructure projects.
This document outlines a construction project management course taught by Emad Elbeltagi. It provides details on the course structure, resources, assessment, and ground rules. The course aims to teach students how to estimate project costs and duration, prepare schedules and plans, manage resources, and control projects. Construction project management is made challenging by its one-of-a-kind nature, involvement of many specialties, location/weather risks, availability of resources, and need to finish on time and budget while considering social/environmental impacts. The mission is to help organizations achieve project objectives within the surrounding natural, social, and political contexts.
This document discusses resource management in project scheduling. It defines what resources are, and classifies them as consumable, non-consumable, key/constrained, and secondary/non-constrained. It explains that critical path method (CPM) scheduling assumes unlimited resources. Resource aggregation sums the resources required by all activities on a period-by-period basis. Resource leveling aims to smooth resource usage over time to reduce fluctuations, while resource scheduling aims to meet limited resource availability even if it delays the project. Methods for resolving resource conflicts include linear programming, heuristics, and minimum moment algorithm for leveling.
The document discusses the key characteristics of construction projects including defined goals, tasks, schedules, and resources. It describes the typical project life cycle stages of preconstruction, procurement, construction, and closeout. It also outlines the main types of construction projects and identifies the main project participants including the owner, design professionals, construction professionals, and project manager. Their typical roles and responsibilities in a project are explained.
This document contains an assignment on construction project management. It includes questions about network scheduling, resource planning, and developing work breakdown structures and precedence diagrams for construction projects. The assignment requires analyzing activities, durations, resources, and logic relationships to plan and schedule mock construction projects.
The document discusses scope management in project management. It covers key topics like:
1. Scope management means constantly checking that all required work is completed and not allowing unauthorized changes to scope.
2. The main processes of scope management are scope planning, scope definition which includes creating a project scope statement, developing a work breakdown structure (WBS), scope verification, and scope control.
3. Scope management differentiates between product scope which are requirements related to the project deliverables, and project scope which is the work required to deliver the product.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
This curriculum vitae outlines the qualifications and experience of Professor Emad Elbeltagi. He has over 50 research publications and extensive experience in construction management, planning, scheduling, and cost estimation. He holds a Ph.D. in Construction Engineering and Management and has worked as a professor in Egypt and visiting professor/researcher in Canada. He teaches various undergraduate and graduate courses related to construction engineering and management.
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance, which is 1.465 weeks.
Z = (Target Time - Expected Time) / Standard Deviation
= (42 - 40) / 1.465
= 1.37
Looking up 1.37 in the standard normal distribution table gives a probability of around 0.085 or 8.5% that the project will take longer than 42 days.
The RACI charting process defines roles and responsibilities for activities and tasks. It answers who must perform functions, and their level of involvement. RACI is a participative process that ensures ownership of responsibilities. The roles are: Responsible (perform activity/take part in decision), Accountable (ultimate decision/approval authority), Consulted (must provide input before decision), Informed (must be informed of decision/action). A RACI chart maps functional roles to activities, clarifying who is Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed for each activity.
Network analysis techniques such as critical path method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT) can be used to plan, manage, and control projects. CPM involves identifying all activities, their durations, and their logical sequence or precedence relationships using a network diagram of nodes and arrows. It allows determining the critical path that dictates the minimum project duration and identifying any activities that could delay the project if they slip. PERT extends CPM by using three time estimates per activity to model the uncertainty in activity durations through probability distributions.
Ast2Cfg - A Framework for CFG-Based Analysis and Visualisation of Ada ProgramsGneuromante canalada.org
Georg Kienesberger - Vienna University of Technology
FOSDEM’09
Free and Open Source Software Developers’ European Meeting
7-8 February 2009 - Brussels, Belgium
These slides are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Austria License. http://creativecommons.org
Enterprise-Wide Optimization for Operations of Crude-Oil Refineries: closing ...Brenno Menezes
We propose a quantitative analysis of an enterprise-wide optimization for operations of crude-oil refineries considering the integration of planning and scheduling to close the decision-making gap between the procurement of raw materials or feedstocks and the operations of the production scheduling. From a month to an hour, re-planning and re-scheduling iterations can better predict the processed crude-oil basket, diet or final composition, reducing the production costs and impacts in the process and product demands with respect to the quality of the raw materials. The goal is to interface planning and scheduling decisions within a time-window of a week with the support of re-optimization steps. Then, the selection, delivery, storage and mixture of crude-oil feeds from the tactical procurement planning up to the blend scheduling operations are made more appropriately. The up-to-down sequence of solutions are integrated in a feedback iteration to both reduce time-grids and as a key performance indicator.
18 09-2008 José Miranda Formigli Filho na Rio oil and Gas Expo Conference no ...Petrobras
The presentation discusses development plans for pre-salt oil fields in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil. It provides technical details on key fields like Tupi and Iara, outlining the challenging reservoir characteristics, production design for Tupi's pilot project, and technological hurdles. It then summarizes Petrobras' strategic approach to infrastructure development through its PLANSAL program, focusing on standardized production platforms, subsea pipelines, and contracting drilling rigs to enable significant production by 2017.
The document discusses different database technologies including SQL, NoSQL, and different types of NoSQL databases like key-value, column, graph and document stores. It provides examples like Redis, Riak, Neo4j and MongoDB. It discusses concepts like CAP theorem and tradeoffs between consistency, availability and partition tolerance. It also provides use cases for different database types and suggests using the right database for the right problem.
The document presents the kLab and kGeo-Algorithm methods for analyzing drilling cuttings to obtain reservoir performance properties. kLab uses several analytical tests on cuttings including digital fluorescence analysis, digital geological analysis, and hydrocarbon analysis. kGeo-Algorithm accepts kLab output and calculates petrophysical parameters through inversion algorithms. A case study demonstrates calculating matrix density from mineral densities and quantities. kLab can reproduce conventional well logs and provide additional data on reservoir multi-flow parameters and fracability.
This issue is valid as it causes lack of visibility and planning. It may result in storage issues, delays informing beneficiaries, and increased risk of fraud or loss. Possible solutions could include notifying FDPs in advance of planned dispatches and providing a way for FDPs to quickly report deliveries.
Quantitative Methods for Strategic Investment Planning in the Oil-Refining In...Brenno Menezes
Unlike traditional process design scenario-based methodologies to construct complex oil-refinery process network, discrete optimization approaches in MINLP and in an iterative MILP+NLP solve the capital investment planning problem to predict unit capacity increments (expansion or installation) for an integrated multi-site refinery problem considering resources such as capital and raw/intermediate material, processing and blending capabilities, market demands and project constraints.
This document contains three exercises related to construction project management. The first exercise provides cost and schedule data for a small project and asks to develop a time-cost curve and minimum contract duration. The second exercise provides activity duration, cost, and indirect cost data for a pipeline contract and asks to calculate minimum cost for a 102 day contract duration. The third exercise provides precedence data for a set of activities and asks to draw the precedence diagram and calculate additional cost for compressing the schedule to 65 days.
The document appears to be a course syllabus or outline for a construction contracts class taught by Dr. Khalid Al-Gahtani at King Saud University in spring 2008. It includes standard syllabus elements like the course title, instructor information, and page numbers but does not include any other contextual information.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
The document discusses project finance and contract pricing. It explains that total project cost is made up of fixed, time-related, and quantity-related costs. It also discusses project expenses, income, and how to calculate cash flow by looking at the difference between income and expenses over time. Cash flow can be impacted by payment delays, retainage, and whether payments are lump sum or based on completed work.
This document contains instructions and information for six exercises related to construction project management. It provides details on activities, costs, schedules, cash flows, and calculations to determine things like maximum cash needs, financial charges, profit margins, and rates of return for several small building and infrastructure projects.
This document outlines a construction project management course taught by Emad Elbeltagi. It provides details on the course structure, resources, assessment, and ground rules. The course aims to teach students how to estimate project costs and duration, prepare schedules and plans, manage resources, and control projects. Construction project management is made challenging by its one-of-a-kind nature, involvement of many specialties, location/weather risks, availability of resources, and need to finish on time and budget while considering social/environmental impacts. The mission is to help organizations achieve project objectives within the surrounding natural, social, and political contexts.
This document discusses resource management in project scheduling. It defines what resources are, and classifies them as consumable, non-consumable, key/constrained, and secondary/non-constrained. It explains that critical path method (CPM) scheduling assumes unlimited resources. Resource aggregation sums the resources required by all activities on a period-by-period basis. Resource leveling aims to smooth resource usage over time to reduce fluctuations, while resource scheduling aims to meet limited resource availability even if it delays the project. Methods for resolving resource conflicts include linear programming, heuristics, and minimum moment algorithm for leveling.
The document discusses the key characteristics of construction projects including defined goals, tasks, schedules, and resources. It describes the typical project life cycle stages of preconstruction, procurement, construction, and closeout. It also outlines the main types of construction projects and identifies the main project participants including the owner, design professionals, construction professionals, and project manager. Their typical roles and responsibilities in a project are explained.
This document contains an assignment on construction project management. It includes questions about network scheduling, resource planning, and developing work breakdown structures and precedence diagrams for construction projects. The assignment requires analyzing activities, durations, resources, and logic relationships to plan and schedule mock construction projects.
The document discusses scope management in project management. It covers key topics like:
1. Scope management means constantly checking that all required work is completed and not allowing unauthorized changes to scope.
2. The main processes of scope management are scope planning, scope definition which includes creating a project scope statement, developing a work breakdown structure (WBS), scope verification, and scope control.
3. Scope management differentiates between product scope which are requirements related to the project deliverables, and project scope which is the work required to deliver the product.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
This curriculum vitae outlines the qualifications and experience of Professor Emad Elbeltagi. He has over 50 research publications and extensive experience in construction management, planning, scheduling, and cost estimation. He holds a Ph.D. in Construction Engineering and Management and has worked as a professor in Egypt and visiting professor/researcher in Canada. He teaches various undergraduate and graduate courses related to construction engineering and management.
The document discusses project scheduling and the Critical Path Method (CPM). CPM is the most widely used method for project scheduling. It calculates the minimum completion time for a project by determining activity timings and dependencies. CPM identifies critical activities that have no float and must finish on schedule to meet the project deadline. A critical path is the longest continuous chain of critical activities that determines the overall project duration.
This document contains information and questions related to construction project management. It includes examples of precedence networks, resource requirements for activities, and questions about scheduling and leveling resources for multiple construction projects. Students are asked to develop resource schedules and histograms that satisfy limited resource availability and project duration constraints.
This document contains an exercise for a construction project management class. It includes 17 multiple choice and short answer questions about construction project management topics like the project life cycle, types of construction contracts, roles of project team members, and challenges with different project delivery approaches. The document provides guidance to civil engineering students on construction project management concepts and terminology.
The document discusses project planning and provides information on several key aspects of developing a project plan including:
1) Conducting a SWOT analysis and ensuring objectives are SMART to guide planning.
2) Breaking the project into work packages and activities with a work breakdown structure (WBS) and assigning unique codes to each.
3) Defining the logical relationships and sequence of activities using project networks in either an activity-on-arrow (AOA) or activity-on-node (AON) format.
4) Estimating the duration and direct cost of each activity based on resources, productivity, and method statements.
This document contains three questions related to construction project scheduling:
1. The first question provides a table of activities, durations, and crew sizes needed to build 12 houses over 60 days. It asks to create a line of balance schedule and determine when the first roofing team will leave the site.
2. The second question provides a network diagram of activities needed to build a single house. It asks to determine the number of crews needed for each activity to build 5 houses over 24 days and create a schedule showing crew entry and exit dates.
3. The third question provides durations for activities to build a house. It asks to calculate a weekly target rate to complete 30 houses in 85 days, determine the number of
This document contains instructions and questions for an exercise on project management concepts including critical path method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT). It asks students to perform calculations for various networks and project schedules, including determining float, drawing time-scaled diagrams, and identifying critical activities. It also provides a multi-step case study of a gas station construction project and asks students to model it using CPM.
The document provides instructions for an assignment asking civil engineering students to submit a 3-5 page report on a mega construction project. The report must include: a summary of the project, stages of construction, type of project and contract, planned vs. actual duration and cost, obstacles faced, and construction methods used. Students are encouraged to use a variety of sources for their research such as engineering magazines, newspapers, books, and websites. Plagiarism is prohibited.
This document discusses construction contracts and equipment costs for an excavation project.
The document contains information about a building project that requires 2000 cubic meters of excavation work. The equipment crew consists of one excavator rented at 700 LE per day and two trucks rented at 300 LE per day each. The crew's production rate is 200 cubic meters per day.
The document then provides an example calculation to estimate the equipment cost per cubic meter for this excavation project. It calculates the contractor's fee under different total project cost scenarios for a target cost construction contract.
This document outlines the process and steps for construction cost estimating. It begins by defining estimating and differentiating it from calculation. It then describes the key steps in the estimating process: planning and scheduling, project study and data collection, preparing method statements, assessing resource outputs, and calculating direct, overhead and total costs. The document provides examples of calculating labor, equipment and material rates. It also discusses different estimating methods and includes an example cost estimate calculation for a bridge project.
This document discusses the tendering process for construction projects. It defines tendering as including: 1) inspecting contract documents, 2) estimating costs, 3) adjusting bids, and 4) submitting tenders. The key components of contract documents are identified as instructions to bidders, drawings, specifications, bills of quantities, contract conditions, and bid forms. The document also outlines the process of estimating tender prices, including calculating direct costs, indirect costs, overhead, and profits. It provides an example of preparing a balanced versus unbalanced bid.
The document discusses various topics related to construction project management. It begins by outlining the key points to include in a curriculum vitae for a job fair, such as personal details, academic progress, interests in civil engineering, and future goals. It then differentiates between construction management and construction project management. Several other construction management topics are defined and discussed, including the parties involved in construction projects, types of construction projects and companies, the project cycle, and project delivery systems.
This document summarizes a study group session on communication management. It discusses communication methods that should be used to provide different types of information to stakeholders, as well as tools that can be used for information distribution and what should be included in a communications management plan. The document contains sample multiple choice questions and answers related to communication management best practices.
This document provides an overview of a PMP study group session on human resource management. It includes 16 multiple choice questions related to topics like recruitment guidelines/policies being constraints, McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, management styles, types of power, conflict handling approaches, organizational charts, evaluating team effectiveness, establishing ground rules, responsibilities assignment matrices, and challenges of managing virtual teams. The questions are intended to help participants learn about key aspects of human resource management as it relates to project management.
The document provides information on cost management for a project management study group session. It includes questions and answers on topics like estimating activity costs, cost baselines, variance analysis, and earned value management.
Order of Magnitude (+- 25% - 50%)
Reference: PMBOK Third Edition, Page Number: 150
So the given estimate range falls under Order of Magnitude estimate.
17. You are developing the schedule for your project. Which of the following is NOT a
technique used for estimating activity durations?
A. Analogous Estimating
B. Parametric Estimating
C. Three-Point Estimating
D. Schedule Network Analysis
17. You are developing the schedule for your project. Which of the following is NOT a
technique used for estimating activity durations?
A. Analogous Estimating
B. Parametric Estimating
The document summarizes key points from a session on risk management:
1. The session discussed tools and techniques for risk response planning, including strategies for negative risks and contingent response planning.
2. It provided examples of different types of risks like secondary risks that can arise from implementing a risk response plan.
3. Residual risks that remain after risk responses have been implemented were also explained.
The document summarizes an agenda for a PMP study group session covering professional responsibility and integration management. The session will discuss responsibilities of project managers, key concepts of integration management including the seven processes, and take participant questions. Study group questions will then be presented and answered as a group, covering topics like contract change control systems, addressing inaccurate financial statements, project closure due to lack of funding, documenting risks in the project plan, and using knowledge gained from previous employers.
This document provides an agenda and overview for a Project Management Professional (PMP) study group session on the project framework and project management processes. The agenda includes a summary of the focus on the project framework and processes, an open forum for participant questions, study group questions, and a wrap up. The overview discusses key concepts of the project management framework, including the triple constraint of scope, time and cost, areas of PM expertise, the project management office, and differences between projects and programs. It also discusses project management processes, including the five process groups of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing as well as the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle and the process interactions template.
In 3 sentences
The document discusses critical path method (CPM) network computation and provides examples of activity-on-arrow and activity-on-node network diagrams. It also explains the different relationship types used to define dependencies between activities, including finish-to-start, start-to-start, finish-to-finish, start-to-finish, and start-to-start/finish-to-finish relationships. Lead and lag times are discussed as constraints that can be applied to relationships.
- The document discusses factors that impact contractor cash flow, including payment schedules, materials, mobilization, monthly payments, and final payment.
- It also discusses contractor cash disbursements for labor, equipment, materials, subcontractors, insurance, permits, mobilization, and overhead.
- Methods to minimize a contractor's negative cash flow are presented, such as front-end rate loading, reducing delays in receiving revenue, adjusting work schedules, and coinciding materials deliveries with payment estimates.
The document discusses activities, projects, and bar charts for project scheduling. An activity has a defined start and end time and uses resources. A project is a set of activities with defined objectives, completion date, and budget. A bar chart is a common project scheduling tool that displays activities as horizontal bars placed sequentially according to duration and dependencies. It can identify critical paths where delays could impact the overall project schedule.
This document defines key terms and formulas used in critical path method (CPM) network computation. It discusses the forward and backward pass computations used to calculate the earliest and latest start and finish times of activities. The forward pass uses the earliest start time of predecessor activities to calculate the earliest finish time of each activity. The backward pass uses the latest finish time to calculate the latest start time. Several examples are provided to demonstrate applying CPM calculations to activity networks. Key outputs include identifying the critical path and activities that dictate the minimum project duration.
- The document discusses network scheduling techniques for project management, focusing on the Critical Path Method (CPM).
- CPM uses arrow diagrams to graphically display the planned sequence and dependencies of a project's activities in order to determine the critical path for efficient resource use and project completion.
- The Activity-on-Arrow (AOA) drawing scheme is presented as the original CPM network scheduling technique, with nodes representing start and finish points and arrows representing activities.
The document discusses various topics related to project management functions and motivation. It covers planning, organizing, directing, controlling, and motivation as key project management functions. It also discusses several motivation theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and John Hunt's goal-based theory. Additionally, it covers leadership styles, teamwork, creativity, problem solving techniques, and decision making processes.
1. The document discusses reasons and methods to reduce project durations, including to earn incentive pay, avoid penalties, and fit contractual timelines. It then describes four common methods: using overtime, adding workers, better equipment, and subcontracting labor.
2. The optimal project duration balances minimizing total project costs, including direct costs from activities as well as indirect overhead costs. The network compression algorithm is used to iteratively shorten the critical path by accelerating individual activities until no further reduction is possible without increasing total costs.
3. An example construction project is provided to demonstrate calculating the least cost project duration using crash costs, indirect costs, and shortening cycles to optimize the project schedule.
The document describes procedures for updating construction schedules, including:
1) Setting the duration of completed activities to zero and identifying live activities currently in progress.
2) Setting the early start time of live activities to the update time and their remaining durations.
3) Changing durations of future activities as given in the update report and performing network analysis to prepare a new schedule.
The document describes a resource allocation example using a serial method. It shows a project schedule network diagram with multiple activities (A, B, C, etc.) that require a single critical resource. The serial method allocates the critical resource to activities one at a time without interruption to determine the minimum project duration needed to complete all activities.
1. Scheduling of
Repetitive Projects
Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Linear Projects
Repetitive uniform of work (multiple houses, …)
Geometrically linear (pipeline, highways,…)
Some non typical units may exist
Projects assumed to be comprised of n typical units
Complex to schedule and monitor
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2. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Duration-driven Vs Resource-driven Schedule
Duration-driven schedule
Basic units: activities, durations, relationships
Resources are functions of activities durations
Resources are assumed to be available
Resource-driven schedule
More focus on resources
Meeting a deadline
Line of balance (LOB)
Summary diagrams
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance (LOB)
Meet deadline date
Focus on resources
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3. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance (LOB)
One Activity & 3 Crews
Site
5 Crew 2
4 Crew 1
3 Crew 3
2 Crew 2
1 Crew 1
0 1 2 3
Time
How Many Crews Needed to Meet Deadline ?
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance (LOB)
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4. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance (LOB)
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance (LOB)
Sites
Diff. Durations Parallel Crews Stagg. Crews
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
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Time
8
4
5. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations
Crew synchronization and work continuity equation
Computation of project delivery rate to meets a deadline
Calculating resource needs
Drawing the LOB schedule
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations
Crew synchronization and work continuity equation
Computation of project delivery rate to meets a deadline
Calculating resource needs
Drawing the LOB schedule
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6. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (work continuity)
R=C/D C=DxR
Unit
5
4 Crew 1
3 Crew 3
2 Crew 2 C Crews
1 R Crew 1
0 1 2 3
D Time
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (work continuity)
R = 1 / (D / C) C=DxR
Unit
Crew 3
3
2 Crew 2
1
1 R Crew 1 Time
R
0 1 2 3
D/C D/C D/C
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7. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (Meeting a deadline)
Units
n
.
.
.
n-1
2
R Time
1
T1 = CPM Duration of Unit 1
TL = Project Deadline Duration
R = (n – 1) / (TL - T1)
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (Meeting a deadline)
TF = 3 D (2)
A (5) B (5) C (5)
Unit n
A D D C
n-1
B
(TL - T1 ) + TFD
Unit 1 TL - T1
A (5) B (5) C (5)
D (2) TF = 3
R = (n – 1) / (TL - T1) + TF
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8. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (work continuity)
Draw the CPM for one unit and determine activities floats; TFi
Calculate CPM duration for one unit; T1
Calculate Ri = (n-1) / (TL - T1) + TFi
Calculating Number of crews needed Ci = Ri x Di
Calculate actual number of crews Cai = Round up Ci
Then calculate actual delivery rates Rai = Cai / Di
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (Example)
A 5 Kilometer pipeline project
The activities involved in one Kilometer is given below
Project deadline 30 days
Assume 2 days buffer time between activities
Activity Duration
Activity name Preceding activities
no. (days)
1 Locate and clear 1 -
2 Excavate 3 1
3 String pipe 1 1
4 Lay pipe 4 2,3
5 Pressure test 1 4
6 Backfill 2 5
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9. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (Example)
0 1 3 6 8 12 14 15 17 19
-2 2 (3) -2 4 (4) -2 5 (1) -2 6 (2)
1 (1)
0 1 3 6 8 12 14 15 17 19
-2 -2
3 4
3 (1)
5 6
T1 = 19 days
TL= 30 days
N = 5 units
Ri = (n-1) / TL - T1 + TFi = 4 / (11 + TFi)
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Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (Example)
Duration Total Ri = Cai =
Activity Ci =Di x Ri Rai = Cai / Di
Di Float 4 / (11+TFi) Round up Ci
1 1 0 0.364 0.364 1 1
2 3 0 0.364 1.092 2 0.667
3 1 2 0.308 0.308 1 1
4 4 0 0.364 1.456 2 0.5
5 1 0 0.364 0.364 1 1
6 2 0 0.364 0.728 1 0.5
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10. Repetitive Projects Scheduling
Line of Balance Calculations (Example)
Activity 1:
D= 1 day; R = 1 unit/day; Horizontal projection = n-1 / R = 4/1= 4
No. of
units 4 5 7 8 9 12 16 20 22 23 29 31
5
1 3 2 4 5 6
1 Time
0 1 3 4 6 8 12 18 19 21 23
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