The document provides an introduction to project cycle management (PCM) and improving project quality. It discusses that PCM follows the phases of the project cycle using the logical framework approach as its core design and management tool. It emphasizes beneficiary involvement in decision making and building sustainability into project design. The document outlines the basic characteristics of PCM, the key phases of the project cycle, major documents used, and factors important for project quality such as relevance, feasibility and sustainability.

1. ,ntroduction to
3roject &ycle 0anagement
,PSURYLQJ 3URMHFW 4XDOLW

2. Why PCM?
3URMHFW VXFFHVV UDWH 5HDVRQV IRU IDLOXUH
3 XQFOHDU VWUDWHJLF IUDPHZRUN
3 SRRU DQDOVLV RI VLWXDWLRQ
3UREOHPDWLF 3 SURMHFWV QRW UHOHYDQW WR
EHQHILFLDULHV
3 XQFOHDUXQUHDOLVWLF REMHFWLYHV
3 LQDGHTXDWH DWWHQWLRQ WR ULVNV
VXVWDLQDELOLW IDFWRUV
6XFFHVVHV )DLOXUHV 3 LQDGHTXDWH DWWHQWLRQ WR OHVVRQV
IURP SDVW H[SHULHQFH
3 SRRU PRQLWRULQJ

3. Basic PCM Characteristics
3 30 LV DQ DSSURDFK WR DLG PDQDJHPHQW
3 IROORZV WKH SKDVHV RI WKH SURMHFW FFOH
3 XVHV WKH /RJLFDO )UDPHZRUN $SSURDFK DV LWV FRUH GHVLJQ
PDQDJHPHQW WRRO
3 HPSKDVLVHV EHQHILFLDU LQYROYHPHQW LQ GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ
3 EXLOGV VXVWDLQDELOLW LQWR SURMHFW GHVLJQ
3 XVHV D VWDQGDUGLVHG IRUPDW WR SUHVHQW WUDQVSDUHQW
FRPSUHKHQVLYH GRFXPHQWV

4. The Project Cycle
.H FKDUDFWHULVWLFV
3 EUHDNV GRZQ WKH OLIH RI D SURMHFW
LQWR SKDVHV
3 GHILQHV NH GHFLVLRQV LQIRUPDWLRQ
UHTXLUHPHQWV UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV DW
HDFK SKDVH
a
3 HDFK SKDVH PXVW EH FRPSOHWHG
IRU WKH QH[W WR EH WDFNOHG ZLWK
a VXFFHVV
3 GUDZV RQ HYDOXDWLRQ H[SHULHQFH
IRU WKH GHVLJQ RI IXWXUH
SURJUDPPHV SURMHFWV

5. ,QGLFDWLYH
Major Documents 3URJUDPPH
RXQWU
6WUDWHJ
3DSHU
(YDOXDWLRQ
725 3UH
5HSRUWV 725 IHDVLELOLW
VWXG
:RUNSODQV
a
)HDVLELOLW
725 VWXG
0RQLWRULQJ
UHSRUWV HJ a
'UDIW
$QQXDO )LQDQFLQJ
5HSRUWV 3URSRVDO
)LQDQFLQJ
3URSRVDO
,QWHUQDO RU
H[WHUQDO )LQDQFLQJ
PRQLWRULQJ $JUHHPHQW
YLVLWV

6. The Project Cycle (1)
3+$6( .( $7,9,7,(6
352*5$00,1* !5HYLHZ RI VRFLRHFRQRPLF
LQGLFDWRUV
!5HYLHZ RI SDUWQHU FRXQWULHV DQG
GRQRU SULRULWLHV
!$JUHHPHQW RQ VHFWRUDO DQG
a
WKHPDWLF IRFXV IRU FRRSHUDWLRQ
a
,'(17,),$7,21 !,QLWLDO IRUPXODWLRQ RI SURMHFW LGHD
!6FUHHQLQJ RI SURMHFW LGHDV IRU
IXUWKHU VWXGLHV SUHIHDVLELOLW

7. )2508/$7,21 !RQGXFW RI IHDVLELOLW VWXG
!'HWDLOHG VSHFLILFDWLRQ RI SURMHFW
LGHD
!'HFLVLRQ RQ ZKHWKHU WR GUDZ XS
ILQDQFLQJ SURSRVDO

8. The Project Cycle (2)
3+$6( .( $7,9,7,(6
),1$1,1* !'UDIWLQJ DQG QHJRWLDWLQJ D )LQDQFLQJ
3URSRVDO
!([DPLQDWLRQ E FRPSHWHQW )LQDQFLQJ
RPPLWWHH
!)LQDQFLQJ GHFLVLRQ DQG DJUHHPHQW
a
,03/(0(17$7,21 !7HQGHULQJ DQG FRQWUDFW DZDUG
a
!0RELOLVDWLRQ DQG H[HFXWLRQ RI SURMHFW
!0RQLWRULQJ
(9$/8$7,21 !$QDOVLV RI SURMHFW HIIHFWV DQG LPSDFW
!5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV RQ UHPHGLDO DFWLRQ
RU JXLGDQFH IRU IXWXUH SURMHFWV

9. Life Major Documents
$SSOLFDWLRQ
ILOH
/LIH 5H
JXODWLRQ
$VVHVVPHQW
725 3UH
5HSRUWV 725 IHDVLELOLW
VWXG
:RUNSODQV
a
)HDVLELOLW
725 VWXG
0RQLWRULQJ
UHSRUWV HJ a
'UDIW
$QQXDO )LQDQFLQJ
5HSRUWV 3URSRVDO
RQWUDFO
,QWHUQDO RU
H[WHUQDO
PRQLWRULQJ
YLVLWV

10. Stakeholder Involvement
:RUNVKRS WR DQDOVH
IUDPHZRUN FRQGLWLRQV
DQG WR DJUHH RQ
JHQHUDO IRFXV
5HIOHFWLRQ
SODQQLQJ 3ODQQLQJ
ZRUNVKRS WR ZRUNVKRS WR
DQDOVH RXWFRPHV GLDJQRVH WDUJHW
JURXS QHHGV
a
3ODQQLQJ a 3ODQQLQJ
ZRUNVKRSV WR ZRUNVKRS WR
DJUHH ZRUNSODQ GHILQH SUHIHUUHG
DVVHVV SURJUHVV VROXWLRQ

11. Success of a Project
Good / careful Efficient project
planning management
Project addresses Competent and motiv-
real poblems ated project team
6XFFHVV RI D
SURMHFW
Parties involved stick Organisational
to their commitments capacity
Others

12. Quality: Key Factors

13. 3ULQFLSOHV
45HOHYDQFH %HWWHU SURMHFWV
4)HDVLELOLW 6WUXFWXUHG PRUH VXVWDLQDEOH
GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ EHQHILWV WR WDUJHW
46XVWDLQDELOLW
JURXSV
a

14. /)$ 7RROV a

15. RPSOHPHQWDU 7RROV

16. Quality Indicators
5HOHYDQFH UHODWHV WR ZKHWKHU WKH SURMHFW
DGGUHVVHV WKH UHDO SUREOHPV RI WKH LQWHQGHG
EHQHILFLDULHV
)HDVLELOLW UHODWHV WR ZKHWKHU WKH SURMHFW
REMHFWLYHV FDQ EH HIIHFWLYHO DFKLHYHG
6XVWDLQDELOLW UHODWHV WR ZKHWKHU SURMHFW
EHQHILWV ZLOO FRQWLQXH WR IORZ DIWHU WKH SHULRG RI
H[WHUQDO DVVLVWDQFH KDV HQGHG

17. The Logical Framework Approach
KDUDFWHULVWLFV 6WHSV
3 VWDNHKROGHU LQYROYHPHQW 3 3UREOHP VWDNHKROGHU
3 VWUXFWXUHG SURFHVV DQDOVLV
3 QHHGVEDVHG DSSURDFK 3 2EMHFWLYH VHWWLQJ
3 IUDPHZRUN IRU DVVHVVLQJ 3 6WUDWHJ DQDOVLV
UHOHYDQFH IHDVLELOLW 3 /RJIUDPH SUHSDUDWLRQ
VXVWDLQDELOLW 3 $FWLYLW VFKHGXOH
3 5HVRXUFH VFKHGXOH

18. The Logframe
2EMHFWLYHO
,QWHUYHQWLRQ 9HULILDEOH 6RXUFHV RI $VVXPSWLRQV
/RJLF ,QGLFDWRUV 9HULILFDWLRQ
2YHUDOO
2EMHFWLYHV
3URMHFW
3XUSRVH
5HVXOWV
$FWLYLWLHV 0HDQV RVW
:KDW QHHGV WR 3UHFRQGL
EH IXOILOOHG WLRQV
EHIRUH DFWLYLWLHV
FDQ VWDUW

19. Logframe Approach
$1$/6,6 3+$6( 3/$11,1* 3+$6(
· 3UREOHP DQDOVLV LGHQWLILQJ · /RJIUDPH GHILQLQJ WKH SURMHFW
SURMHFW ORJLF
,GHQWLI
DQDOVH
'HILQH WKH
VWDNHKROGHUV WKHLU NH SUREOHPV VWUXFWXUH WHVWLQJ LWV LQWHUQDO ORJLF
FRQVWUDLQWV DQG RSSRUWXQLWLHV IRUPXODWLQJ REMHFWLYHV LQ
GHWHUPLQLQJ FDXVH DQG HIIHFW PHDVXUDEOH WHUPV GHILQLQJ
UHODWLRQVKLSV PHDQV DQG FRVW RYHUDOO

20. · $QDOVLV RI REMHFWLYHV · $FWLYLW VFKHGXOLQJ GHWHU
6HOHFW WKH PRVW 'HGXFW
GHYHORSLQJ REMHFWLYHV IURP WKH PLQLQJ WKH VHTXHQFH DQG GHSHQ
RSHUDWLRQDOLVLQJ
6SHFLILQJ DQG
LGHQWLILHG SUREOHPV LGHQWLILQJ GHQF RI DFWLYLWLHV HVWLPDWLQJ
PHDQV WR HQG UHODWLRQVKLSV WKHLU GXUDWLRQ VHWWLQJ PLOHVWRQHV
· 6WUDWHJ DQDOVLV LGHQWLILQJ WKH DQG DVVLJQLQJ UHVSRQVLELOLW
DSSURSULDWH
GLIIHUHQW VWUDWHJLHV WR DFKLHYH · 5HVRXUFH VFKHGXOLQJ IURP WKH
RSWLRQ
REMHFWLYHV GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH PDMRU DFWLYLW VFKHGXOH GHYHORSLQJ
REMHFWLYHV RYHUDOO REMHFWLYHV DQG LQSXW VFKHGXOHV DQG D EXGJHW
SURMHFW SXUSRVH

21. Problem Analysis
(VWDEOLVKLQJ FDXVHHIIHFW UHODWLRQV EHWZHHQ SUREOHPV
)UHTXHQW VNLQ DQG $WWUDFWLYHQHVV IRU Effects
RWKHU LQIHFWLRQV WRXULVWV LV UHGXFHG
5LYHU ZDWHU
TXDOLW
GHWHULRUDWLQJ
8QFRQWUROOHG +LJK ORDG RI
GXPSLQJ RI ZDVWH ZDVWHZDWHU
LQWR ULYHU GLVFKDUJH LQWR ULYHU
3ROOXWHUV DUH QRW 3RSXODWLRQ LV QRW :DVWHZDWHU LQILOWUDWLRQ :DVWHZDWHU
FRQWUROOHG DZDUH RI WKH IURP KRXVHKROGV DQG WUHDWPHQW FDSDFLWLHV
GDQJHU RI ZDVWH IDFWRULHV LQWR ULYHU LV KLJK DUH LQVXIILFLHQW
GXPSLQJ Causes

22. Analysis of Objectives
7XUQLQJ WKH QHJDWLYH DVSHFWV LQWR IXWXUH GHVLUHG EXW UHDOLVWLF VLWXDWLRQV
5DWH RI VNLQ DQG RWKHU 7RXULVP GHFOLQH LV Ends
LQIHFWLRQV UHGXFHG VWRSSHG
5LYHU ZDWHU
TXDOLW LPSURYHG
8QFRQWUROOHG /RDG RI ZDVWHZDWHU
GXPSLQJ RI ZDVWH GLVFKDUJH LQWR ULYHU
LQWR ULYHU UHGXFHG UHGXFHG
5HJXODU ZDWHU $ZDUHQHVV RI :DVWHZDWHU LQILOWUDWLRQ :DWHU WUHDWPHQW
SROOXWLRQ FRQWURO SRSXODWLRQ RQ IURP KRXVHKROGV DQG FDSDFLWLHV LQFUHDVHG
PHDVXUHV ZDVWH GXPSLQJ IDFWRULHV LQWR ULYHU LV
XQGHUWDNHQ LQFUHDVHG VWRSSHG
Means

23. Strategy Analysis
,1
287 5DWH RI VNLQ DQG RWKHU
5DWH RI VNLQ DQG RWKHU
LQIHFWLRQV UHGXFHG
7RXULVP GHFOLQH LVLV
7RXULVP GHFOLQH
VWRSSHG
LQIHFWLRQV UHGXFHG VWRSSHG
29(5$//
5LYHU ZDWHU 2%-(7,9(6
TXDOLW LPSURYHG
8QFRQWUROOHG /RDG RI ZDVWHZDWHU
/RDG RI ZDVWHZDWHU 352-(7
GXPSLQJ RI ZDVWH GLVFKDUJH LQWR ULYHU
GLVFKDUJH LQWR ULYHU
LQWR ULYHU UHGXFHG UHGXFHG 385326(
UHGXFHG
5HJXODU ZDWHU $ZDUHQHVV RI :DVWHZDWHU LQILOWUDWLRQ
:DVWHZDWHU LQILOWUDWLRQ :DWHU WUHDWPHQW
:DWHU WUHDWPHQW
SROOXWLRQ FRQWURO SRSXODWLRQ RQ IURP KRXVHKROGV DQG FDSDFLWLHV LQFUHDVHG 5(68/76
IURP KRXVHKROGV DQG FDSDFLWLHV LQFUHDVHG
PHDVXUHV ZDVWH GXPSLQJ IDFWRULHV LQWR ULYHU LVLV
IDFWRULHV LQWR ULYHU
XQGHUWDNHQ LQFUHDVHG VWRSSHG
VWRSSHG
'HFLVLRQ EDVHG RQ EXGJHW SULRULWLHV KXPDQ UHVRXUFHV DYDLODEOH VRFLDO
DFFHSWDELOLW XUJHQF

24. Intervention Logic and Assumptions
,QWHUYHQWLRQ 2EMHFWLYHO 6RXUFHV RI $VVXPSWLRQV
/RJLF 9HULILDEOH 9HULILFDWLRQ
,QGLFDWRUV
‡5DWH RI VNLQ
2YHUDOO LQIHFWLRQV UHGXFHG
‡7RXULVP GHFOLQH LV
2EMHFWLYHV VWRSSHG
/RDG RI ZDVWH 8QFRQWUROOHG
3URMHFW ZDWHU GLVFKDUJH GXPSLQJ RI ZDVWH
3XUSRVH LQWR ULYHU UHGXFHG LQWR ULYHU UHGXFHG
:DVWHZDWHU :DWHU TXDOLW IURP
5HVXOWV WUHDWPHQW FDSD XSSHU ULYHU UHPDLQV
FLWLHV LQFUHDVHG VWDEOH
$FWLYLWLHV 5HKDELOLWDWH 0HDQV RVW 4XDOLILHG VWDII
VHZHU QHWZRUN DYDLODEOH
5HKDELOLWDWH
::73 5HKDELOLWDWLRQ
,QVWDOO FRQWURO
3UHFRQGL
SHUPLVVLRQ
VVWHP WLRQV REWDLQHG

25. Levels of Objectives
7KH ORQJWHUP VRFLDO DQG HFRQRPLF VHFWRUDO RU
2YHUDOO QDWLRQDO SURJUDPPH REMHFWLYHV WR ZKLFK WKH SURMHFW
REMHFWLYHV FRQWULEXWHV
3URMHFW 7KH SURMHFW¶V FHQWUDO REMHFWLYH LQ WHUPV RI WKH
SXUSRVH VXVWDLQDEOH EHQHILWV WR EH GHOLYHUHG WR WKH SURMHFW
EHQHILFLDULHV LQVWLWXWLRQ RU VVWHP ,W GHILQHV WKH
SURMHFW¶V VXFFHVV 7KHUH LV RQO RQH 3URMHFW 3XUSRVH
5HVXOWV 7KH VHUYLFHV WR EH SURYLGHG E WKH SURMHFW IRU ZKLFK
SURMHFW PDQDJHUV FDQ EH KHOG GLUHFWO DFFRXQWDEOH
:KDW LV JRLQJ WR EH GRQH WR GHOLYHU WKH SURMHFW¶V
$FWLYLWLHV
VHUYLFHV

26. Assumptions
3 ([WHUQDO IDFWRUV WKDW DUH LPSRUWDQW IRU WKH VXFFHVV RI WKH
SURMHFW
6R WKH
3 GHILQH WKH VVWHPV HQYLURQPHQW DQG VXVWDLQDELOLW LVVXHV
3 VXPPDULVH IDFWRUV ZKLFK WKH SURMHFW FDQQRW RU FKRRVHV
QRW WR FRQWURO
3 DUH IDFWRUV ZKLFK WKH SURMHFW GRHV QRW DGGUHVV EXW
VKRXOG PRQLWRU

27. Logframe Basics
2EMHFWLYHO
,QWHUYHQWLRQ 6RXUFHV RI $VVXPSWLRQV
9HULILDEOH
/RJLF 9HULILFDWLRQ
,QGLFDWRUV
2YHUDOO
2EMHFWLYHV
3URMHFW
3XUSRVH
5HVXOWV
$FWLYLWLHV 0HDQV RVW
µ ,) UHVXOWV DUH GHOLYHUHG $1' DVVXPSWLRQV KROG WUXH 3UHFRQGL
7+(1 WKH SURMHFW SXUSRVH ZLOO EH DFKLHYHG ¶ WLRQV

28. What are Indicators?
o 2EMHFWLYHO 9HULILDEOH ,QGLFDWRUV 29,V

29. DUH VSHFLILF DQG
REMHFWLYHO YHULILDEOH PHDVXUHV RI FKDQJH RU RI UHVXOWV DV
D FRQVHTXHQFH RI SURMHFW SURJUDPPH DFWLYLWLHV
o 7KH SURYLGH WKH EDVLV IRU SHUIRUPDQFH PHDVXUHPHQW
o 7KH DUH XVHIXO WR FRQYH WR RWKHUV ZKDW WKH SURMHFW WULHV
WR DFKLHYH WUDQVSDUHQF

30. How to Define OVIs?

31. 6SHFLI IRU HDFK UHVXOW WKH SURMHFW SXUSRVH DQG WKH
RYHUDOO REMHFWLYHV

32. WKH LQGLFDWRU DFFRUGLQJ WR FULWHULD IRU
JRRG LQGLFDWRUV

33. 'HILQH RQ WKH EDVLV RI WKH LQGLFDWRU ³WDUJHWV´ SUHFLVH
DLPV RI WKH UHVXOWV DQG WKH SXUSRVH

34. 34XDQWLW 3+RZ PXFK
34XDOLW 3:KDW
37DUJHW JURXS 3:KR
37LPH SHULRG 36WDUWLQJ ZKHQ DQG IRU KRZ
ORQJ
33ODFH 3:KHUH

35. Indicators: An Example
o 2EMHFWLYH DJULFXOWXUDO SURGXFWLYLW LQFUHDVHG
o 6HOHFW WKH LQGLFDWRU 5LFH LHOG SHU KD
o 'HILQH WKH WDUJHWV
· 'HILQH WKH TXDQWLW 5LFH LHOG SHU KD LQFUHDVHG
IURP ; WR
· 'HILQH WKH TXDOLW ZLWK = RI WKH KDUYHVW
KDYLQJ H[SRUW TXDOLW
· 'HILQH WKH WDUJHW JURXS IRU RI WKH
IDUPHUV
· 'HILQH WKH SODFH LQ 1RUWK:HVWHUQ 3URYLQFH
· 'HWHUPLQH WKH WLPH E

36. About Sources of Verification
o 7KH GHVFULEH ZKHUH DQG LQ ZKDW IRUP WR ILQG WKH
LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ DFKLHYHPHQW RI REMHFWLYHV
o 4XHVWLRQV WR EH FODULILHG
l 'R DSSURSULDWH H[WHUQDO VRXUFHV H[LVW
l $UH WKH VSHFLILF HQRXJK
l $UH WKH UHOLDEOH DQG DFFHVVLEOH
l $UH WKH FRVWV IRU REWDLQLQJ LQIRUPDWLRQ UHDVRQDEOH
l 6KRXOG RWKHU VRXUFHV EH FUHDWHG
o 7U WR XVH H[LVWLQJ VRXUFHV DV PXFK DV SRVVLEOH

37. Selecting Sources of Verification
6SHFLILF VDPSOH
VXUYHV
RVW
%HQHILFLDU
LQWHUYLHZV
$GDSWHG URXWLQH
VWDWLVWLFV
5RXWLQH
0DQDJHPHQW VWDWLVWLFV
$GPLQLVWUDWLYH UHSRUWV
UHFRUGV
RPSOH[LW

38. The Completed Logframe Matrix
,QWHUYHQWLRQ 2EMHFWLYHO 6RXUFHV RI $VVXPSWLRQV
/RJLF 9HULILDEOH 9HULILFDWLRQ
,QGLFDWRUV
‡5DWH RI VNLQ ‡+HDOWK FDUH FRVW +HDOWK DQG WRXULVP
2YHUDOO LQIHFWLRQV UHGXFHG UHGXFHG E ; VWDWLVWLFV
‡7RXULVP GHFOLQH LV ‡7RXULVP UHYHQXHV
2EMHFWLYHV VWRSSHG LQFUHDVHG E ;
/RDG RI ZDVWH 5HGXFHG SROOXWLRQ ‡0RQLWRULQJ UHSRUWV RI 8QFRQWUROOHG
3URMHFW ZDWHU GLVFKDUJH OHYHO DW ORFDWLRQV D DQG 02( GXPSLQJ RI ZDVWH
E E WRQV RI 1 = ‡(YDOXDWLRQ UHSRUW RI
3XUSRVH LQWR ULYHU UHGXFHG
WRQ RI 3 E LQGHSHQGHQW ILUP
LQWR ULYHU UHGXFHG
:DVWHZDWHU $PRXQW RI WUHDWHG ,QWHUQDO UHSRUW :DWHU TXDOLW IURP
5HVXOWV WUHDWPHQW FDSD ZDVWHZDWHU LQFUHDVHG XSSHU ULYHU UHPDLQV
FLWLHV LQFUHDVHG IURP [ WR Pñ E VWDEOH
$FWLYLWLHV 5HKDELOLWDWH 0HDQV RVW 4XDOLILHG VWDII
VHZHU QHWZRUN DYDLODEOH
5HKDELOLWDWH
::73 5HKDELOLWDWLRQ
,QVWDOO FRQWURO
3UHFRQGL
SHUPLVVLRQ
VVWHP WLRQV REWDLQHG

39. Factors ensuring sustainability
(QG RI
KHFN SURMHFW VHUYLFHV IRU
SURMHFW 3 SROLF VXSSRUW
3URMHFW 3 WHFKQLFDO DSSURSULDWHQHVV
3XUSRVH
,PSDFW 5HVXOW 3 DFFHVV E JHQGHUVRFLDO
%HQHILWV 5HVXOW JURXSV
5HVXOW 3 HQYLURQPHQWDO SURWHFWLRQ
3 LQVWLWXWLRQDO FDSDFLW
7LPH 3 ILQDQFLDO HFRQRPLF
YLDELOLW

40. Typical Problems
â %HQHILFLDULHV QRW FOHDUO LGHQWLILHG
â 3UREOHPV LGHQWLILHG DV LPSRUWDQW DUH QRW WKRVH RI WKH
LQWHQGHG EHQHILFLDULHV
â 2EMHFWLYH VWUXFWXUH SRRUO GHYHORSHG
â 0XOWLSOH SURMHFW SXUSRVHV
â $VVXPSWLRQV QRW GHYHORSHG
â ,QGLFDWRUV QRW GHYHORSHG

41. Activity Scheduling
$Q DFWLYLW VFKHGXOH
3 0DLQWDLQV REMHFWLYHRULHQWHG DSSURDFK RI ORJIUDPH
3 %UHDNV DFWLYLWLHV GRZQ LQWR RSHUDWLRQDO GHWDLO
3 ODULILHV VHTXHQFH GXUDWLRQ DQG SUHFHGHQFH RI DFWLYLWLHV
3 ,GHQWLILHV NH PLOHVWRQHV
3 $VVLJQV PDQDJHPHQW UHVSRQVLELOLW :RUNSODQ
:RUNSODQ
:RUNSODQ
DQG LPSOHPHQWLQJ UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV
DQG VKRXOG LQFOXGH PDQDJHPHQW
WDVNV

42. Resource Scheduling
$ UHVRXUFH VFKHGXOH
3 0DLQWDLQV REMHFWLYHRULHQWHG DSSURDFK RI ORJIUDPH
3 )DFLOLWDWHV UHVXOWVEDVHG EXGJHWLQJ DQG PRQLWRULQJ RI
FRVWHIIHFWLYHQHVV
3 3URYLGHV EDVLV IRU SODQQHG PRELOLVDWLRQ RI UHVRXUFHV
H[WHUQDO ORFDO

43. %XGJHW
3 ,GHQWLILHV FRVW LPSOLFDWLRQV %XGJHW
%XGJHW
$$
$$
$
#!$
$ ÃÃ$
¿ RXQWHUSDUW IXQGLQJ UHTXLUHPHQW
Thyh…vr† $ $$ #!$ ÃÃ#
6yy‚hpr† !$ $ ÃÃ$
WruvpyrÃPƒ $ #!$ ÃÃ#
Pssvprà $ $
¿ 3RVWSURMHFW ILQDQFLDO VXVWDLQDELOLW
UryAh‘ # #
Trrq† '$
Ar…‡vyv†r… !

44. Activity Resource Scheduling
:RUNSODQ
DFWLYLW VFKHGXOH %XGJHW
$FWLYLWLHV HWF :KR $FWLYLWLHV RGH 8QLW FRVW 1R 7RWDO 5HF
5HKDELOLWDWH VHZHU QHWZRUN 5HKDELOLWDWH VHZHU QHWZRUN
RQGXFW DVVHVVPHQW $ ‡ 6DODULHV $
'HVLJQ LPSURYHPHQWV $ ‡ (TXLSPHQW %
RQWUDFW FRPSDQ $ ‡ RQVXOWDQW %
5HKDELOLWDWH ::73 RQGXFW H[WHQVLRQ
2EWDLQ GHVLJQ VSHF % ‡ 6DODULHV
6LJQ FRQWUDFW % ‡ (TXLSHPHQW
0RQLWRU FRQVWUXFWLRQ % ‡ ‡)LOWHUV

45. Monitoring of Implementation
0RQLWRULQJ
x ,V D VVWHPDWLF PDQDJHPHQW DFWLYLW
x $FWXDO SURJUHVV LV FRPSDUHG WR SODQ LQ RUGHU WR LGHQWLI
QHFHVVDU UHPHGLDO DFWLRQV
x 7DNHV SODFH DW DOO OHYHOV RI PDQDJHPHQW
x 8VHV ERWK IRUPDO UHSRUWLQJ LQIRUPDO FRPPXQLFDWLRQV
x )RFXVHV RQ UHVRXUFHV DFWLYLWLHV UHVXOWV LQ WKH
ORJIUDPH

46. Evaluation: Major Issues
(YDOXDWLRQ
x ,V DQ DVVHVVPHQW RI SURMHFW
VXFFHVV
x $VVHVVHV WKH UHOHYDQFH
HIILFLHQF HIIHFWLYHQHVV LPSDFW
a
DQG VXVWDLQDELOLW RI WKH SURMHFW LQ a
UHODWLRQ WR LWV VWDWHG REMHFWLYHV
x )RFXVHV PRUH RQ UHVXOWVWRSXUSRVH DQG SXUSRVHWR
RYHUDOO REMHFWLYHV
x KHFNV WKH FRKHUHQFH RI SURMHFW SODQQLQJ
x KHFNV WKH LQIOXHQFH RI WKH LPSRUWDQW DVVXPSWLRQV

47. Types of Evaluation
'HVLUHG VLWXDWLRQ
6XVWDLQHG EHQHILWV
DQG LPSDFW
T
J EC
PRO
3UHVHQW VLWXDWLRQ 7LPH
([SRVW RU
LPSDFW HYDOXDWLRQ
(QGRI SURMHFW RU
ILQDO HYDOXDWLRQ
0LGWHUP UHYLHZ

48. Standardised Documents
6WDQGDUG IRUPDW WHUPLQRORJ GXULQJ DOO
SKDVHV RI WKH SURMHFW FFOH
6XPPDU
a %DFNJURXQG
a
,QWHUYHQWLRQ ORJLF
$VVXPSWLRQV
2EMHFWLYHV ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ
3 DLGH PpPRLUH RI NH LVVXHV )DFWRUV HQVXULQJ VXVWDLQDELOLW
3 FRPPRQ XQGHUVWDQGLQJ 0RQLWRULQJ DQG HYDOXDWLRQ
3 WUDQVSDUHQF RQFOXVLRQV DQG UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV
3 LQVWLWXWLRQDO PHPRU

49. Integrated Approach
/LQNHG 6WDQGDUGLVHG
REMHFWLYHV GRFXPHQWDWLRQ
1DWLRQDO VHFWRUDO REMHFWLYHV
63 1,3
Feasibility studies %DVLF )RUPDW
ÃTˆ€€h…’
Financing proposals !Ã7hpxt…‚ˆq
ÃD‡r…‰r‡v‚Ãy‚tvp
#Ã6††ˆ€ƒ‡v‚†
/RJIUDPH Annual reports $ÃD€ƒyr€r‡h‡v‚
%ÃAhp‡‚…†Ãhssrp‡vtƈ†‡hvhivyv‡’
ÃH‚v‡‚…vtÃhqÃr‰hyˆh‡v‚
Evaluation reports 'Ã8‚pyˆ†v‚†ÃhqÃ…rp‚€€rqh‡v‚†
5HVXOWVEDVHG ZRUNSODQV DQG
EXGJHWV
%XGJHW
:RUNSODQ
:RUNSODQ %XGJHW $$
:RUNSODQ %XGJHW $$
$
#!$
$
Thyh…vr† $ $$ $
#!$ #
6yy‚hpr† !$ $
$
WruvpyrÃPƒ $ #!$
#
Pssvprà $ $
UryAh‘ # #
Trrq† '$
Ar…‡vyv†r… !

50. PCM Principles
ˆ 3URMHFW FFOH SKDVHV VWUXFWXUHG
LQIRUPHG GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ
a
a
ˆ 3DUWQHU VWDNHKROGHU RULHQWDWLRQ LQYROYH
PHQW RI VWDNHKROGHUV LQ GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ
ˆ /RJIUDPH SODQQLQJ FRPSUHKHQVLYH
FRQVLVWHQW DQDOVLV
ˆ 6XVWDLQDELOLW PHFKDQLVPV WR HQVXUH
FRQWLQXHG IORZ RI EHQHILWV
ˆ ,QWHJUDWHG DSSURDFK YHUWLFDO LQWHJUDWLRQ Basic
VWDQGDUGLVHG GRFXPHQWDWLRQ format