This document discusses inductive and deductive methods in archetypal criticism. It provides examples of how each method can be used to analyze Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens. The inductive method proceeds from specific examples in the text to draw general conclusions, such as describing Oliver Twist as a "dark novel" based on its religious conflicts, class conflicts, victimization of women, and depiction of child labor. The deductive method proceeds from general archetypes to specific examples, such as analyzing the character Fagin as a villain based on his pickpocketing, ugly looks, darkness, brutality, cruelty, and temptation of money. In conclusion, the document states that literature can be interpreted in many ways using these methods

1. Hiteshbhai C. Parmar
Roll No. 11
Semester – M.A. Sem. 2
Year 2013 - 14
Topic:- Concept of Inductive and Deductive
method in Archetypal Criticism
Submitted to: Dr. Dilip Barad
Smt. S.B. Gardi Department of English,
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji
Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar.

2. Northrop Frye
• It is published on 1951 by Canadian critics
Northrop Frye.
• He was a student of theology then
switched to literature
• The term “archetypal” means original idea
or pattern of something of which others
are copies.
• Archetypal approach is the interpretation
of a text in the light of cultural patterns
involved in it, and these cultural patterns
are based on myths and rituals of nation.

3. Archetype of Literature
Archetypes of
literature
(1) Concept
of archetypal
Criticism
(2) Inductive
method of
analysis
(3) Deductive
method of
analysis

4. The Inductive Method of Analysis
• The reader learns the general truth of life that
is called Inductive method.
• That is, form particulars truth is an work, he
draws forth General truth.
• “Jealousy is always destructive.”
Example: - Jealousy in Othello.

5. The Inductive
Method of
Analysis
(1) Structural criticism
- General Truth
Jealously is always
destructive.
(2) Historical Criticism
- Birth of Text -social and cultural
milieus are causes for outcome
SYMBOLS, IMAGE, MYTH
Thunder – something terrible
Myth – drama origin from Greek
religion

6. Oliver
Twist as a
Dark
Novel
Religious
conflict
Class
Conflict
Victimizati-
on of
women
Macabre
of child
labor
The Inductive Method of Analysis
Inductive method of Analysis : - Conclude that Oliver Twist
as a Dark Novel.

7. • The Deductive method of analysis, proceeds to
established the meaning of work from the
general truth to particular truth.
• Music and painting etc. are general Branch of
Literature. Rhythm is essential in both.
• Music large (Inductive)
• rhythm (Deductive)
The Deductive Method of Analysis

8. The deductive
Method of
Analysis
(1)Rhyme
- Nature Cycle – spring,
autumn, winter, summer
- Human Beings
(2) Pattern
- In Literature is
recurrence of Image, Form
and words.

9. The Deductive Method of Analysis
Fagin as
a villain
Pick pocket
Ugly look
Dark
character
Brutal,
cruel
character
Temptation
of Money
Deductive method of Analysis : - Conclude that Fagin was a
villain of Oliver Twist as a Dark Novel.

10. Conclusion
• Literature can be interpreted in as many ways as
possible.
• These methods are useful for critics and it can
derive reader in new direction and vision of any
literary work.
• If we want to interpret in different way through
this methods centre and periphery can be
changed.