DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL TAXATION IN UGANDA: The Law, Principles and PracticeJoseph O. Okuja
This is a chapter-page extract of a book that covers the principles that govern taxation and its administration in Uganda. The narrative is premised on the current tax laws in Uganda, namely the Income Tax Act, Value Added Tax Act, Excise Duty Act, Stamp Duty Act, Lotteries and Gaming Act, East African Community Customs Management Act, and the Tax Procedures Code Act. The reader will be able to understand the overall purpose, design and application of Uganda’s domestic tax laws, the applicable principles and the various procedures and practices undertaken in the assessment and collection of taxes. It is an ultimate guide for any tax professional who wishes to navigate the complexities of Uganda’s domestic tax system.
An internal audit is designed to review what a company is doing in order to identify potential threats to the organization's financial health and profitability and to make suggestions for mitigating the risk associated with those threats.
DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL TAXATION IN UGANDA: The Law, Principles and PracticeJoseph O. Okuja
This is a chapter-page extract of a book that covers the principles that govern taxation and its administration in Uganda. The narrative is premised on the current tax laws in Uganda, namely the Income Tax Act, Value Added Tax Act, Excise Duty Act, Stamp Duty Act, Lotteries and Gaming Act, East African Community Customs Management Act, and the Tax Procedures Code Act. The reader will be able to understand the overall purpose, design and application of Uganda’s domestic tax laws, the applicable principles and the various procedures and practices undertaken in the assessment and collection of taxes. It is an ultimate guide for any tax professional who wishes to navigate the complexities of Uganda’s domestic tax system.
An internal audit is designed to review what a company is doing in order to identify potential threats to the organization's financial health and profitability and to make suggestions for mitigating the risk associated with those threats.
It involves 12 countries: the US, Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Brunei, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Mexico, Chile and Peru.
The pact aims to deepen economic ties between these nations, slashing tariffs and fostering trade to boost growth.
Member countries are also hoping to foster a closer relationship on economic policies and regulation.
The agreement could create a new single market something like that of the EU.
Pretty big indeed. The 12 countries have a collective population of about 800 million - almost double that of the European Union's single market. The 12-nation would-be bloc is already responsible for 40% of world trade.
The deal is a remarkable achievement given the very different approaches and standards within the member countries, including environmental protection, workers' rights and regulatory coherence - not to mention the special protections that some countries have for certain industries
In November 2013, at INFORMS, we introduced one of the new features in CPLEX 12.6: Distributed MIP. This gives you the ability to solve a single MIP problem on several computers.
It involves 12 countries: the US, Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Brunei, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Mexico, Chile and Peru.
The pact aims to deepen economic ties between these nations, slashing tariffs and fostering trade to boost growth.
Member countries are also hoping to foster a closer relationship on economic policies and regulation.
The agreement could create a new single market something like that of the EU.
Pretty big indeed. The 12 countries have a collective population of about 800 million - almost double that of the European Union's single market. The 12-nation would-be bloc is already responsible for 40% of world trade.
The deal is a remarkable achievement given the very different approaches and standards within the member countries, including environmental protection, workers' rights and regulatory coherence - not to mention the special protections that some countries have for certain industries
In November 2013, at INFORMS, we introduced one of the new features in CPLEX 12.6: Distributed MIP. This gives you the ability to solve a single MIP problem on several computers.
Atyourprice is a robust web based business travel solution that automates travel planning, requisition, approval, fulfilment, invoicing, reporting and duty of care. Automation brings exponential savings to your business travel programs and also makes the travel procurement process more operational efficient.
This presentation is made by Palm & Latex Technology & Value Addition degree programme students in Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as to fulfill a requirment for their course of Trade & Finance. In this presentation is generally related to Sri Lanka.
Application of the Strategic Management Theories in Uber BangladeshPantho Sarker
Uber Bangladesh is a subsidiary of Uber Technologies Inc., which is a privately held company founded in 2009 by Travis Kalanick and Grarret Camp in San Francisco, Calfornia. Uber started its operation in Bangaladesh from November 22,2016. They provide low cost to luxury and 24 hours service throughout the weeks. Uber has introduced Uber Premium, Uber X and Uber Moto and planning to introduce Uber pool. The major competitors of Uber are Pathao, Chalo, Garivara, Amarbike, TaxiWal etc.
Through the introduction of technology-based ride sharing service, Uber has shifted the value creation frontier of car rental industry of Bangladesh. It has created a new way or platform to proving service. They introduced new way of providing service. On the other hand, Uber is one of the most suitable example of blue ocean strategy. They have eliminated the uncertainty in getting taxies and reduced time to wait for taxies, the unsure fare and waiting time for taxies. Moreover, they have created a platform of connecting the passengers and drivers and introduced scope of maximum utilization of personal cars in Dhaka city. They have raised the chances of getting taxies and quality of services and high level of safety while riding. In the current position the most suitable business level strategy of Uber is to go for broad level differentiation, as the market has already captured most of the early adopters. Therefore, Uber is making themselves ready to overcome the upcoming chasm. They have to follow share building strategy and have to be ready take growth strategy in future.
Uber’s penetration in the Asia pacific has been one of the game changing strategies that has played huge role in its success. For expansion in global market, specially in Asia pacific Uber focuses on localization. It customized its services and strategies according to the area it is operating in and segments markets into cities and takes special strategies for each city. Uber entered Bangladesh as a fully owned subsidiary of Uber USA, and has formed partnerships with Grameen phone and Robi as digital partners. Uber chose Bangladesh mainly because of opportunities due to increasing income level, low competition and cheap man-power.
Application of the Strategic Management Theories in Uber BangladeshPantho Sarker
Uber Bangladesh is a subsidiary of Uber Technologies Inc., which is a privately held company founded in 2009 by Travis Kalanick and Grarret Camp in San Francisco, Calfornia. Uber started its operation in Bangaladesh from November 22,2016. They provide low cost to luxury and 24 hours service throughout the weeks. Uber has introduced Uber Premium, Uber X and Uber Moto and planning to introduce Uber pool. The major competitors of Uber are Pathao, Chalo, Garivara, Amarbike, TaxiWal etc.
Through the introduction of technology-based ride sharing service, Uber has shifted the value creation frontier of car rental industry of Bangladesh. It has created a new way or platform to proving service. They introduced new way of providing service. On the other hand, Uber is one of the most suitable example of blue ocean strategy. They have eliminated the uncertainty in getting taxies and reduced time to wait for taxies, the unsure fare and waiting time for taxies. Moreover, they have created a platform of connecting the passengers and drivers and introduced scope of maximum utilization of personal cars in Dhaka city. They have raised the chances of getting taxies and quality of services and high level of safety while riding. In the current position the most suitable business level strategy of Uber is to go for broad level differentiation, as the market has already captured most of the early adopters. Therefore, Uber is making themselves ready to overcome the upcoming chasm. They have to follow share building strategy and have to be ready take growth strategy in future.
Uber’s penetration in the Asia pacific has been one of the game changing strategies that has played huge role in its success. For expansion in global market, specially in Asia pacific Uber focuses on localization. It customized its services and strategies according to the area it is operating in and segments markets into cities and takes special strategies for each city. Uber entered Bangladesh as a fully owned subsidiary of Uber USA, and has formed partnerships with Grameen phone and Robi as digital partners. Uber chose Bangladesh mainly because of opportunities due to increasing income level, low competition and cheap man-power.
Construction of efficient portfolio depends on the selection of right asset classes and right securities that will leads to optimum portfolio performance. In this report, the correlations between the average return of different sectors of Dhaka Stock Exchange have been calculated to choose the sectors with minimal correlation of return. Four major sectors with negative correlation among them has been selected and sixteen growth stocks from these sectors has been identified to construct this portfolio. Using the portfolio optimization technique, the weight of these stocks has been determined under the situation of objective functions and constraints.
In case of maximizing portfolio theta while short sales are not allowed, the optimum results suggests to invest 65.20% in BATBC, 20.89% in WATACHEM, 11.35% in JMISMDL, and rest 2.57% in GEMINISEA. The theta of this portfolio in this case is 21.41%. The weights vector has been calculated while short sells are allowed and objective function is to maximize the theta of this portfolio. Moreover, the weights vectors has been determined for different objective functions such as minimizing portfolio risk and different set of constraints.
Construction of efficient portfolio depends on the selection of right asset classes and right securities that will leads to optimum portfolio performance. In this report, the correlations between the average return of different sectors of Dhaka Stock Exchange have been calculated to choose the sectors with minimal correlation of return. Four major sectors with negative correlation among them has been selected and sixteen growth stocks from these sectors has been identified to construct this portfolio. Using the portfolio optimization technique, the weight of these stocks has been determined under the situation of objective functions and constraints.
In case of maximizing portfolio theta while short sales are not allowed, the optimum results suggests to invest 65.20% in BATBC, 20.89% in WATACHEM, 11.35% in JMISMDL, and rest 2.57% in GEMINISEA. The theta of this portfolio in this case is 21.41%. The weights vector has been calculated while short sells are allowed and objective function is to maximize the theta of this portfolio. Moreover, the weights vectors has been determined for different objective functions such as minimizing portfolio risk and different set of constraints.
Corporate finance practices of beximco pharmaceuticals limited Pantho Sarker
In this presentation, we have discussed on the financial performance of the Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited. Firstly, the corporate goal of this firm has been stated. Secondly, the market value and book value of the firm has been showed with calculation. Relative valuation gives us a picture of what the value of Beximco pharmaceuticals should be relative to its peers. Using the P/E and EV/EBITDA we found out Beximco pharmaceuticals to be undervalued.
The capital structure of the company is not at the optimum level. Both peer analysis and quantitative analysis has been used to analyze and identify an optimal capital structure to maximize the value of the firm
Beximco follows a Stable dividend policy as it pays stable dividends regardless of earnings and free cash flows and the managers of the firms are making the best use of the retained earnings as it is generating better ROE and ROC.
Analysis of Financial Condition and Dividend Pattern of Beximco Pharmaceutica...Pantho Sarker
In this report, we discussed about the financial performance of the Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited. Firstly, the corporate goal of this firm has been stated. Secondly, the market value and book value of the firm has been showed with calculation. Relative valuation gives us a picture of what the value of Beximco pharmaceuticals should be relative to its peers. Using the P/E and EV/EBITDA we found out Beximco pharmaceuticals to be undervalued.
The capital structure of the company is not at the optimum level. Both peer analysis and quantitative analysis has been used to analyze and identify an optimal capital structure to maximize the value of the firm
Beximco follows a Stable dividend policy as it pays stable dividends regardless of earnings and free cash flows and the managers of the firms are making the best use of the retained earnings as it is generating better ROE and ROC.
“A case analysis on Philips Singapore: Creating Value through Human Resource ...Pantho Sarker
Human resource management is the management of human resources. It is a function in organizations designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives. HR is primarily concerned with the management of people within organizations, focusing on policies and on systems. In this report, we have solved the case that is related to human resource management. To solve this case, at first we analyze the background of company and case. After analyzing company and case, we have find out the problems of Philips Electronics Private Limited. We also have provided alternative solutions to solve the problems of Philips Electronics Private limited in this report. Finally we have presented some recommendations to Philips Electronics Private Limited to solve its HR problems and draw a valid conclusion.
A case analysis On “Philips Singapore: Creating Value through Human Resource ...Pantho Sarker
Human resource management is the management of human resources. It is a function in organizations designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives. HR is primarily concerned with the management of people within organizations, focusing on policies and on systems. In this report, we have solved the case that is related to human resource management. To solve this case, at first we analyze the background of company and case. After analyzing company and case, we have find out the problems of Philips Electronics Private Limited. We also have provided alternative solutions to solve the problems of Philips Electronics Private limited in this report. Finally, we have presented some recommendations to Philips Electronics Private Limited to solve its HR problems and draw a valid conclusion.
In this task the assigned company is Monno Ceramics Industries Limited. According to this task, the data of the values of ‘Total Assets’ of Monno Ceramics Industries Limited for the time period 2000 to 2013 has been collected and shown in the below table. Here, the used currency is TK. All the figures of asset have been expressed in billion. The data have been collected form the annual reports of Monno Ceramics Industries Limited.
The case study on Pricing Strategy of Cath Kidston.Pantho Sarker
Cath Kidston is a well known company in UK in the field of homeware and fashion products. We were assigned to perform different analysis using the data of Cath Kidston. So, In this report we presented different analysis based on Cath Kidston’s data.
Through this report the following thing are going to be to be covered:
Chapter 01 discusses on the introductory part of the study.
To give an overview of “Cath Kidston” through Chapter 02).
In Chapter 03, we conducted the analysis of the economy. In this chapter we included economic recession and economic boom and then we apply economic analysis in respect of Cath Kidston.
In Chapter 04, we run industry analysis by applying Porter's Five Forces Model and PESTLE analysis. In this chapter first we discuss about the theoretical framework of the mentioned two tools and then we apply these tools to analyse the industry related to Cath Kidston.
In Chapter 05, the analysis of the company was performed using SWOT analysis and business cycle as well as using variability analysis.
In Chapter 06, the problem of the case was introduced.
In Chapter 07, a solution was given based on the problem statement presented in the chapter six. In addition, we solved the questions which were provided in the case.
In chapter 08, the required recommendations are provided with due context.
At last to overview the whole study conclusion will work to that purpose.
This report aims at introducing Cath Kidston assessing its different sides. It is hoped that readers will get a better overview on Cath Kidston through this report.
The case study on Pricing Strategy of Cath KidstonPantho Sarker
Cath Kidston is a well-known company in UK in the field of homeware and fashion products. We were assigned to perform different analysis using the data of Cath Kidston. So, In this report, we presented different analysis based on Cath Kidston’s data.
Through this report the following thing are going to be to be covered:
Chapter 01 discusses on the introductory part of the study.
To give an overview of “Cath Kidston” through Chapter 02).
In Chapter 03, we conducted the analysis of the economy. In this chapter we included economic recession and economic boom and then we apply economic analysis in respect of Cath Kidston.
In Chapter 04, we run industry analysis by applying Porter's Five Forces Model and PESTLE analysis. In this chapter first we discuss about the theoretical framework of the mentioned two tools and then we apply these tools to analyse the industry related to Cath Kidston.
In Chapter 05, the analysis of the company was performed using SWOT analysis and business cycle as well as using variability analysis.
In Chapter 06, the problem of the case was introduced.
In Chapter 07, a solution was given based on the problem statement presented in the chapter six. In addition, we solved the questions which were provided in the case.
In chapter 08, the required recommendations are provided with due context.
At last to overview the whole study conclusion will work to that purpose.
This report aims at introducing Cath Kidston assessing its different sides. It is hoped that readers will get a better overview on Cath Kidston through this presentation.
Comparative Statistical Analysis between PRAN Foods Limited and Akij Foods an...Pantho Sarker
One of the most important things that we observe and apply in our day to day activities is statistics which itself is both science and art as well. When doing a study on “Comparative Statistical Analysis on PRAN Foods Limited and Akij Foods and Beverage Limited on Customer Satisfaction in the University Area”, we have used many of statistical techniques like mean, median, mode, 1st quartile, 3rd quartile, standard deviation, mean deviation, coefficient of variation Pearson’s coefficient of skewness, software coefficient of skewness, coefficient of correlation, coefficient of determination, and regression analysis. The main objective of this study is to find out whether PRAN Foods Limited or Akij Foods and Beverage Limited has a better performance in customer satisfaction in the Dhaka University Area. All these statistical techniques have been used to measure the independent variable X shown as sales and the dependent variable Y shown as profits in this report to find necessary interrelations between them.
Comparative Statistical Analysis between PRAN Foods Limited and Akij Foods an...Pantho Sarker
One of the most important things that we observe and apply in our day to day activities is statistics which itself is both science and art as well. When doing a study on “Comparative Statistical Analysis on PRAN Foods Limited and Akij Foods and Beverage Limited on Customer Satisfaction in the University Area”, we have used many of statistical techniques like mean, median, mode, 1st quartile, 3rd quartile, standard deviation, mean deviation, coefficient of variation Pearson’s coefficient of skewness, software coefficient of skewness, coefficient of correlation, coefficient of determination, and regression analysis. The main objective of this study is to find out whether PRAN Foods Limited or Akij Foods and Beverage Limited has a better performance in customer satisfaction in the Dhaka University Area. All these statistical techniques have been used to measure the independent variable X shown as sales and the dependent variable Y shown as profits in this report to find necessary interrelations between them.
Task 1:
Collect values of “Total Asset” of assigned company 1 for time period 2000-2013. Suppose that company has adopted new Capital Budgeting policy from 2007. At the 0.05 significance level, can you conclude the Total Asset of assigned company is higher after adopting new management policy?
Task 2:
In this task, for group 20, the assigned company 1 is Monno Ceramics Industries Limited. The second assigned company is Jamuna Oil Company Limited and the third company which has chosen by the members of group 20 is Agricultural Manufacturing Company Limited (PRAN).
According to this task, the information of the ‘Inventory’ figure from the balance sheet of these companies from 2009 to 2013 have been collected and summarized in the below graph. This information of inventory figures have been collected from the annual report of these companies.
Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation of Berger Paints Bangladesh LimitedPantho Sarker
Disclaimer: This report has been prepared for academic purpose only.The writer of this report is not responsible for taking any decision based on the recommendation of this report.
Accounting Fraud: A study on Enron Scandal Pantho Sarker
This report shows the summarized description of Enron Scandal and its impact on overall impact on US economy. This report is divided into basic two part. First part is showing the mechanism of this fraud. The second part shows its impact on the economy and stock market.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
8. Trans-Pacific Strategic
Economic Partnership
Agreement (2005)
• Brunei
• Chile
• New Zealand
• Singapore
Participation of
Additional countries
(2008)
• Australia
• Canada
• Japan
• Malaysia
• Mexico
• Peru
• United States
• Vietnam
Trans-Pacific
Partnership
History of TPP
9. Main features of the Trans-pacific
partnership
• Comprehensive market access
• Regional approach to commitments
• Addressing new trade challenges.
• Inclusive trade
• Platform for regional integration
• Development of production and supply chains
11. Drafted on
October 5th, 2015
Consists of
30 chapters
Latest inductee
U.S
Still not in effect
Trans-Pacific
Partnership
Agreement
Trans-Pacific Partnership
Agreement
20. Other Benefits
Types of Benefit Explanation
E-Commerce Encourages free flow of data between theTPP countries
Telecoms Uniform rates for mobile roaming betweenTPP members
Establish New Market Establish trade between the countries by eliminating tariff
Investment opportunity Gives easier access into markets
ImportTax
Reduces import taxes on the product of member
countries
GDP
GDP of TPP countries increased on average by 1.1 per
cent, though for NAFTA countries it would only be 0.6 per
cent.
23. Threats of TPP
Weaken labor
rights
Excessive
power to
corporations
Facilitating
Foreign
investors
Job loss
for Us
undermines
public health
Weak rule
of origin
Restriction
on food
labelling
24. Threats of TPP
1. Job loss:
Due to growing trade deficits with China
2. Equal rules on unequal partners:
Uniform tax and financial policies regardless of countries different stages of economic development
3. Undermining public health:
Threatening access to affordable medicines by including new monopoly right for pharmaceutical
companies
4. Financial deregulation:
Increases the profits of the financial sector but threatens the financial stability
26. Cont….
5. Limiting regulation of foreign investors :
No special regulations to foreign investors
6. Deprive companies from acquiring needed technology
Raising the costs of And creating new barriers to access needed manufacturing technologies
7. Weak rules of origin:
Allowing China and other NON_TPP countries to get benefit
8.Too Much Power to corporations
Allowing multinational companies to challenge laws, regulations and policies in Australia,
Canada, Egypt, Peru and Uruguay
27. Difference between TPP and other trade
agreements (NAFTA)
TPP NAFTA
TPP free up trade of some certain goods
and products like diary, medicine etc.
But NAFTA has no such provision. Rather
it eliminates tariffs.
Products imported are treated as their
country of origin.
Under NAFTA no country can treat
imported goods as their country of origin.
TPP imposes shorter patent for certain
complex drugs.
NAFTA has no such provision regarding
patent.
29. Comparative advantage of trading intellectual properties
Strongest worker and environmental protections
Benefits small businesses from global trade.
Promotes e-commerce
Protects digital freedom
Preserves open Internet
Benefits of TPP
30. Issues
Patent rights may be
interfered
Leaked documents may
hamper self-interest
It is currently being
negotiated behind door.
Negative impacts of TPP
32. Recommendations
TPP
(Politics Free)
More economical
than political
(Public
participation) To
ensure validity
and transparency.
(Transparency)
Negotiations should
be transparent.
(Concluded)
nothing is agreed
until everything
is agreed by
everyone