An overview of possibilities for unlisted Indian companies to raise capital through listing on overseas stock exchanges, highlighting latest Indian government policy on this topic.
INDEX
1. Collective Investment Scheme
a. History of CIS . . . . . 1
b. Development of CIS . . . . . 2
c. Definition and CIS participants . . . . . 3
d. Benefits of CIS . . . . . 5
e. Disadvantages of CIS . . . . . 6
f. Different kind of CIS in the Market . . . . . 6
g. Schemes not treated as CIS . . . . . 8
h. Collective Investment Management Company . . . 11
i. Eligibility Criteria for CIS Registration . . . . 14
j. Governance of CIS . . . . . 16
2. Ponzi Scheme
a. Characteristic of Ponzi Scheme . . . . . 21
b. Case Studies
i. SPEAK ASIA, 2010 . . . . . 23
ii. GOLDSUKH, 2011 . . . . . 23
iii. ABHINAV GOLD, 2011 . . . . . 24
iv. SHIVRAJ PURI from CITIBANK INDIA, 2011 . . . 24
v. EMU FARMING, 2012 . . . . . 25
vi. THE SAHARA CASE, 2010 . . . . . 25
vii. THE SARADHA CASE . . . . . 27
3. Mutual Funds
a. Introduction . . . . . 29
b. Early History . . . . . 29
c. Growth and Development in India . . . . 33
d. Concept of Mutual Fund . . . . . 34
e. Structure of Mutual Fund . . . . . 39
f. Advantages of Mutual Fund . . . . . 42
g. Disadvantages of Mutual Fund . . . . . 43
h. Regulation of Mutual Fund . . . . . 46
i. Offer Document . . . . . 53
j. Statement of Additional Information . . . . 60
k. Difference between CIS and Mutual Funds . . . 62
4. Chit Funds
a. Origin and History of Chit Fund . . . . . 64
b. Evolution of Chit Fund . . . . . . 65
c. How do they work? . . . . . . 66
d. Chit Funds- Over the world . . . . . 68
e. Advantages of Chit Funds . . . . . 70
f. Case Study- Rose Valley Scam . . . . . 71
g. Difference between Mutual Funds and Chit Funds . . 72
h.
Pakistan investment policies for foreign companies and investors hihomes.pkHujaj Khan
Pakistan has a liberal investment policy and offers incentives to attract foreign investment, including tax incentives, cheap labor, and the ability to fully repatriate profits. It has a strategic geographic location and trained workforce. Foreign companies are protected under laws promoting and protecting foreign investment. Pakistan has bilateral investment agreements with over 46 countries providing advantages to foreign investors. Incentives include allowing full repatriation of capital, dividends, and profits as well as foreign ownership of up to 100% in many sectors.
Private equity involves investing in private companies not listed on a stock exchange. Firms invest in underperforming companies with high growth potential to develop new products/technologies or expand working capital.
Private equity has limited liquidity and follows a high risk, high return objective. Funds can sell company stakes after the minimum investment period to realize gains in the non-transparent private equity market. Venture capital, angel investors, leveraged buyouts, growth capital, and mezzanine capital are types of private equity. Regulations like SEBI AIF Regulations 2012 govern private equity in India. Setting up funds in tax havens like Mauritius, Singapore, Ireland etc. can help minimize double taxation.
The document provides suggestions for structuring an optimal offshore fund to invest in Indian equities. It analyzes the FDI, FVCI, and FPI routes for foreign investment in India and compares jurisdictions like Mauritius and Singapore. Singapore is recommended as it provides greater protection from GAAR due to its LOB clause and availability of investment professionals. While Mauritius has tax treaty benefits, Singapore has lower overall costs for larger funds and those able to relocate personnel due to its established financial infrastructure. The key is balancing regulatory requirements, tax implications, and operating expenses for each fund.
Article on Foreign Venture capital Investor :- CA. Sudha G. BhushanTAXPERT PROFESSIONALS
The document discusses foreign venture capital investors (FVCIs) in India. It defines an FVCI as an investor incorporated outside of India that proposes to invest in Indian venture capital funds or ventures. It notes that FVCIs help fill the gap between startup funding needs and traditional bank lending. The regulatory framework for FVCIs in India, including RBI and SEBI regulations, is also summarized to provide context around their role in India.
The document summarizes regulations from SEBI pertaining to Venture Capital Funds and Foreign Venture Capital Investors in India. Some key points:
- It defines Venture Capital Funds and Venture Capital Undertakings and sets criteria for minimum investment sizes and investment strategies.
- It allows Foreign Venture Capital Investors to register with SEBI and sets their eligibility criteria and investment conditions.
- It also relaxes some regulations for registered Venture Capital Funds and Foreign Venture Capital Investors regarding public offerings, acquisition of shares, and investments by mutual funds in Venture Capital Funds.
Idfc mutual fund common application form with kimPrajna Capital
The document is a Key Information Memorandum for an offering of units by a mutual fund. It sets forth important information that prospective investors should know, including details on the scheme, risks, penalties and how to access additional documents. The units being offered have been prepared in accordance with applicable regulations but have not been approved by SEBI.
The document describes the investment objectives of seeking stable returns with low risk by investing in good quality fixed income and money market securities for some funds, while other funds aim to generate optimal returns with high liquidity through active management of debt portfolios. All funds note there is no assurance the objectives will be realized.
The document provides an overview of offshore company formation in Ras Al Khaimah (RAK), UAE. Some key points:
- RAK launched an offshore facility allowing foreign investors to register companies as RAK Offshore without a physical presence in the UAE, with incorporation taking 24 hours.
- Benefits of a RAK offshore company include 100% tax exemptions, no import/export taxes, and ability to repatriate profits. Offshore companies are not required to have a physical office or local directors/shareholders.
- RAK offshore is attractive for businesses in the Middle East, Gulf, Russia, Europe, India due to the UAE's political and economic stability, developed infrastructure
INDEX
1. Collective Investment Scheme
a. History of CIS . . . . . 1
b. Development of CIS . . . . . 2
c. Definition and CIS participants . . . . . 3
d. Benefits of CIS . . . . . 5
e. Disadvantages of CIS . . . . . 6
f. Different kind of CIS in the Market . . . . . 6
g. Schemes not treated as CIS . . . . . 8
h. Collective Investment Management Company . . . 11
i. Eligibility Criteria for CIS Registration . . . . 14
j. Governance of CIS . . . . . 16
2. Ponzi Scheme
a. Characteristic of Ponzi Scheme . . . . . 21
b. Case Studies
i. SPEAK ASIA, 2010 . . . . . 23
ii. GOLDSUKH, 2011 . . . . . 23
iii. ABHINAV GOLD, 2011 . . . . . 24
iv. SHIVRAJ PURI from CITIBANK INDIA, 2011 . . . 24
v. EMU FARMING, 2012 . . . . . 25
vi. THE SAHARA CASE, 2010 . . . . . 25
vii. THE SARADHA CASE . . . . . 27
3. Mutual Funds
a. Introduction . . . . . 29
b. Early History . . . . . 29
c. Growth and Development in India . . . . 33
d. Concept of Mutual Fund . . . . . 34
e. Structure of Mutual Fund . . . . . 39
f. Advantages of Mutual Fund . . . . . 42
g. Disadvantages of Mutual Fund . . . . . 43
h. Regulation of Mutual Fund . . . . . 46
i. Offer Document . . . . . 53
j. Statement of Additional Information . . . . 60
k. Difference between CIS and Mutual Funds . . . 62
4. Chit Funds
a. Origin and History of Chit Fund . . . . . 64
b. Evolution of Chit Fund . . . . . . 65
c. How do they work? . . . . . . 66
d. Chit Funds- Over the world . . . . . 68
e. Advantages of Chit Funds . . . . . 70
f. Case Study- Rose Valley Scam . . . . . 71
g. Difference between Mutual Funds and Chit Funds . . 72
h.
Pakistan investment policies for foreign companies and investors hihomes.pkHujaj Khan
Pakistan has a liberal investment policy and offers incentives to attract foreign investment, including tax incentives, cheap labor, and the ability to fully repatriate profits. It has a strategic geographic location and trained workforce. Foreign companies are protected under laws promoting and protecting foreign investment. Pakistan has bilateral investment agreements with over 46 countries providing advantages to foreign investors. Incentives include allowing full repatriation of capital, dividends, and profits as well as foreign ownership of up to 100% in many sectors.
Private equity involves investing in private companies not listed on a stock exchange. Firms invest in underperforming companies with high growth potential to develop new products/technologies or expand working capital.
Private equity has limited liquidity and follows a high risk, high return objective. Funds can sell company stakes after the minimum investment period to realize gains in the non-transparent private equity market. Venture capital, angel investors, leveraged buyouts, growth capital, and mezzanine capital are types of private equity. Regulations like SEBI AIF Regulations 2012 govern private equity in India. Setting up funds in tax havens like Mauritius, Singapore, Ireland etc. can help minimize double taxation.
The document provides suggestions for structuring an optimal offshore fund to invest in Indian equities. It analyzes the FDI, FVCI, and FPI routes for foreign investment in India and compares jurisdictions like Mauritius and Singapore. Singapore is recommended as it provides greater protection from GAAR due to its LOB clause and availability of investment professionals. While Mauritius has tax treaty benefits, Singapore has lower overall costs for larger funds and those able to relocate personnel due to its established financial infrastructure. The key is balancing regulatory requirements, tax implications, and operating expenses for each fund.
Article on Foreign Venture capital Investor :- CA. Sudha G. BhushanTAXPERT PROFESSIONALS
The document discusses foreign venture capital investors (FVCIs) in India. It defines an FVCI as an investor incorporated outside of India that proposes to invest in Indian venture capital funds or ventures. It notes that FVCIs help fill the gap between startup funding needs and traditional bank lending. The regulatory framework for FVCIs in India, including RBI and SEBI regulations, is also summarized to provide context around their role in India.
The document summarizes regulations from SEBI pertaining to Venture Capital Funds and Foreign Venture Capital Investors in India. Some key points:
- It defines Venture Capital Funds and Venture Capital Undertakings and sets criteria for minimum investment sizes and investment strategies.
- It allows Foreign Venture Capital Investors to register with SEBI and sets their eligibility criteria and investment conditions.
- It also relaxes some regulations for registered Venture Capital Funds and Foreign Venture Capital Investors regarding public offerings, acquisition of shares, and investments by mutual funds in Venture Capital Funds.
Idfc mutual fund common application form with kimPrajna Capital
The document is a Key Information Memorandum for an offering of units by a mutual fund. It sets forth important information that prospective investors should know, including details on the scheme, risks, penalties and how to access additional documents. The units being offered have been prepared in accordance with applicable regulations but have not been approved by SEBI.
The document describes the investment objectives of seeking stable returns with low risk by investing in good quality fixed income and money market securities for some funds, while other funds aim to generate optimal returns with high liquidity through active management of debt portfolios. All funds note there is no assurance the objectives will be realized.
The document provides an overview of offshore company formation in Ras Al Khaimah (RAK), UAE. Some key points:
- RAK launched an offshore facility allowing foreign investors to register companies as RAK Offshore without a physical presence in the UAE, with incorporation taking 24 hours.
- Benefits of a RAK offshore company include 100% tax exemptions, no import/export taxes, and ability to repatriate profits. Offshore companies are not required to have a physical office or local directors/shareholders.
- RAK offshore is attractive for businesses in the Middle East, Gulf, Russia, Europe, India due to the UAE's political and economic stability, developed infrastructure
Key Takeaways:
- History of Fund Management in India
- India's Fund Management Potential
- Investing Population in India
- India as an IFSC
- Various Funds and Regulators
This document provides guidance on filing Form FC-GPR (Foreign Currency- Gross Provisional Return) in India. Key points include:
- FC-GPR must be filed within 30 days of issuing equity instruments to non-residents to report foreign direct investment.
- Entities must register as an Entity User and Business User on the FIRMS portal to file any foreign investment forms.
- FC-GPR collects details on the entity, issue, foreign investors, and amount. Supporting documents depend on the nature and mode of payment.
- Common reasons for rejection include incorrect or missing documents. Proper preparation and coordination with the Authorized Dealer bank is important.
Objectives & Agenda :
To know the background of Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) and the kinds of business that can be set-up in ADGM. To understand the procedure for setting-up business in ADGM and the benefits of operating from ADGM. To analyse the restrictions placed on persons operating in ADGM. To know the rules governing ADGM and finally the webinar will cover the compliances that has to be done while carrying out operations in ADGM
Sebi has asked the government to allow foreign investments into alternative investment funds (AIFs) and downstream investments from those funds under foreign direct investment guidelines. While FDI policy previously specified norms for venture capital funds, AIF regulations introduced substantial changes and now supersede those guidelines. Sebi also wants clarity on whether AIFs were intended to attract foreign investment like venture capital funds.
This document summarizes the legal landscape of cross-border mergers and acquisitions involving Indian companies. It provides an overview of different types of mergers and acquisitions as well as regulations governing foreign direct investment. The document notes that there was increased M&A activity involving Indian companies in recent years, with many large acquisitions and investments both inbound and outbound. It outlines the various laws and regulatory framework in India for cross-border M&A transactions, including the Companies Act, Competition Act, foreign exchange laws, and sectors that attract foreign investment.
This document discusses inbound and outbound investments between India and other countries. It outlines the key regulators for foreign investment in India as the central government and Reserve Bank of India. There are two routes for foreign investment - automatic route requiring no approval, and approval route requiring Foreign Investment Promotion Board approval. Special purpose vehicles are commonly used for structuring investments and considerations for setting them up are discussed. Various funding options like equity, debt, and external commercial borrowings are outlined. The document also covers topics like downstream investments, foreign investment in sectors like trading, and tax implications of different investment structures.
Dear Members
Following the passage of the Companies (Amendment) Bill and LLP (Amendment) Bill by Parliament on 10 March 2017, Senior Minister of State for Law and Finance Indranee Rajah has issued a note (as attached) meant for the business and legal communities. The note highlights that the legislative changes will be a timely boost for Singapore as we seek to enhance our international competitiveness and strengthen Singapore’s standing as a leading financial centre. For further details on the legislative changes and help resources, please refer to ACRA’s website at www.acra.gov.sg/CA_2017.
ACCA
Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) refer to large investors from other countries that invest in India's financial markets. To invest in India, FIIs must register with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). There are regulations on the maximum amount FIIs can invest in individual companies. FIIs can invest in primary and secondary markets through India's portfolio investment scheme. FIIs bring capital into the country but can also cause volatility in markets and the currency through short-term investments and withdrawals.
This document summarizes foreign investment opportunities and regulations in India. It outlines three main routes for foreign investment: foreign direct investment (FDI), investment as a foreign institutional investor (FII), and as a foreign venture capital investor (FVCI). FDI can be through the automatic route for smaller investments or the approval route for larger investments. FIIs and FVCs must register and meet qualifications. Infrastructure development, especially power and transportation, is emphasized as a focus area given India's projected growth and need for investment. Overall foreign investment in India is growing significantly across many sectors.
This document discusses foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and their impact on India. It begins by explaining how FIIs started investing in India in 1992 and the process for foreign corporations to register as FIIs with SEBI. It outlines the eligibility criteria, registration process, and investment restrictions for FIIs. The document then compares FIIs to foreign direct investment and discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of portfolio investment through FIIs. It notes that while FIIs can significantly impact stock markets in the short-term, other economic factors also influence market performance. The document concludes by recommending policies to attract more FII investment and encourage growth.
What's illegal in owning a firm abroad, does lrs enable round trippingSaxbee Consultants
The document discusses regulations around sending money overseas from India, potential issues with the Liberalized Remittance Scheme (LRS), and tax disclosure requirements. It notes that while the LRS allows investing in overseas companies, there were unclear areas around directly setting up new companies that have since been clarified. However, experts still see potential for roundtripping where money could be routed to tax havens and back into India. Tax disclosure norms have also been strengthened over time to include reporting of foreign assets and accounts.
Foreign institutional investment provides capital to countries that implement structural, legal, and administrative reforms. According to SEBI, foreign pension funds, mutual funds, insurance companies, asset management companies, university funds, banks, and charitable organizations can register as foreign institutional investors in India. FII inflows started in the early 1990s and have helped develop India's infrastructure, bridge technological gaps, utilize resources optimally, balance payments, diversify markets, and develop sectors like telecom, IT, services, automobiles, tourism, and healthcare through research and development. However, lack of political and economic stability, poor infrastructure, and corruption have been roadblocks to FII in India, while FII also risks inflation, disadvantages small investors, and
Foreign investors were first allowed to invest in India's stock market in September 1992. Since 1993, foreign institutional investors can make portfolio investments in Indian equities through foreign institutional investment. To trade in the Indian equity market, foreign corporations must register as a Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) with SEBI. FIIs refer to outside companies investing in India's financial markets and can include pension funds, mutual funds, investment trusts, insurance companies, and asset management firms. SEBI decides FII applicants' eligibility based on factors like their track record, competence, financial soundness, experience, and reputation for fairness. The key difference between FDI and FII is that FDI involves control and long-term direct investment while FII
This document summarizes the categories of foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) and the eligibility criteria for registration as an FPI. It outlines three categories of FPIs - Category I includes foreign government-related entities, Category II includes regulated foreign banks and funds, and Category III includes other foreign investors not covered in Categories I and II. It also describes the types of instruments FPIs can invest in in India, such as listed shares, government securities, and corporate debt. The document notes that FPI regulations prohibit investment in unlisted shares but allow existing holdings to be maintained. It concludes by listing the eligibility criteria an applicant must meet for FPI registration, including experience, competence, reputation, and being from a country with
Chapter 14 listing rules and corporate complianceQuan Risk
This document provides an overview of Hong Kong's Main Board Listing Rules and corporate compliance practices. It discusses the listing requirements, application process, parties involved such as sponsors and reporting accountants, and ongoing obligations such as financial reporting, disclosure of price-sensitive information, and connected transactions. It also covers topics like corporate governance, securities transactions by directors, and restrictions on changes to a listed company's principal business activities.
A Foreign Currency Convertible Bond (FCCB) allows companies to raise funds in foreign currencies from foreign markets. It acts as both a debt instrument by providing regular interest payments and a principal repayment, and an equity instrument by giving bondholders the option to convert the bond into shares of the issuing company. FCCBs provide benefits to both companies and investors. Companies can access more stable foreign capital markets and investors receive safety of guaranteed bond payments while gaining upside potential if the stock appreciates significantly. Taxation of FCCBs is favorable, with interest payments and dividends taxed at 10% and no capital gains tax if the bond is converted to shares or transferred between non-resident investors.
1) FCCBs are quasi-debt instruments that give investors the option to convert bonds into equity shares of the issuing company, providing downside protection of guaranteed bond payments and upside potential if the stock price appreciates.
2) RBI guidelines state that Indian companies can issue FCCBs up to $500M annually, subject to certain criteria like minimum net worth and maturity periods of 3-5 years. FCCBs can be issued through automatic or RBI approval routes.
3) FCCBs offer benefits to both companies and investors. Companies raise capital in foreign currency at lower interest rates than market rates. Investors receive attractive yields and potential returns if the stock price exceeds the preset conversion price upon maturity.
Key Takeaways:
- History of Fund Management in India
- India's Fund Management Potential
- Investing Population in India
- India as an IFSC
- Various Funds and Regulators
This document provides guidance on filing Form FC-GPR (Foreign Currency- Gross Provisional Return) in India. Key points include:
- FC-GPR must be filed within 30 days of issuing equity instruments to non-residents to report foreign direct investment.
- Entities must register as an Entity User and Business User on the FIRMS portal to file any foreign investment forms.
- FC-GPR collects details on the entity, issue, foreign investors, and amount. Supporting documents depend on the nature and mode of payment.
- Common reasons for rejection include incorrect or missing documents. Proper preparation and coordination with the Authorized Dealer bank is important.
Objectives & Agenda :
To know the background of Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) and the kinds of business that can be set-up in ADGM. To understand the procedure for setting-up business in ADGM and the benefits of operating from ADGM. To analyse the restrictions placed on persons operating in ADGM. To know the rules governing ADGM and finally the webinar will cover the compliances that has to be done while carrying out operations in ADGM
Sebi has asked the government to allow foreign investments into alternative investment funds (AIFs) and downstream investments from those funds under foreign direct investment guidelines. While FDI policy previously specified norms for venture capital funds, AIF regulations introduced substantial changes and now supersede those guidelines. Sebi also wants clarity on whether AIFs were intended to attract foreign investment like venture capital funds.
This document summarizes the legal landscape of cross-border mergers and acquisitions involving Indian companies. It provides an overview of different types of mergers and acquisitions as well as regulations governing foreign direct investment. The document notes that there was increased M&A activity involving Indian companies in recent years, with many large acquisitions and investments both inbound and outbound. It outlines the various laws and regulatory framework in India for cross-border M&A transactions, including the Companies Act, Competition Act, foreign exchange laws, and sectors that attract foreign investment.
This document discusses inbound and outbound investments between India and other countries. It outlines the key regulators for foreign investment in India as the central government and Reserve Bank of India. There are two routes for foreign investment - automatic route requiring no approval, and approval route requiring Foreign Investment Promotion Board approval. Special purpose vehicles are commonly used for structuring investments and considerations for setting them up are discussed. Various funding options like equity, debt, and external commercial borrowings are outlined. The document also covers topics like downstream investments, foreign investment in sectors like trading, and tax implications of different investment structures.
Dear Members
Following the passage of the Companies (Amendment) Bill and LLP (Amendment) Bill by Parliament on 10 March 2017, Senior Minister of State for Law and Finance Indranee Rajah has issued a note (as attached) meant for the business and legal communities. The note highlights that the legislative changes will be a timely boost for Singapore as we seek to enhance our international competitiveness and strengthen Singapore’s standing as a leading financial centre. For further details on the legislative changes and help resources, please refer to ACRA’s website at www.acra.gov.sg/CA_2017.
ACCA
Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) refer to large investors from other countries that invest in India's financial markets. To invest in India, FIIs must register with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). There are regulations on the maximum amount FIIs can invest in individual companies. FIIs can invest in primary and secondary markets through India's portfolio investment scheme. FIIs bring capital into the country but can also cause volatility in markets and the currency through short-term investments and withdrawals.
This document summarizes foreign investment opportunities and regulations in India. It outlines three main routes for foreign investment: foreign direct investment (FDI), investment as a foreign institutional investor (FII), and as a foreign venture capital investor (FVCI). FDI can be through the automatic route for smaller investments or the approval route for larger investments. FIIs and FVCs must register and meet qualifications. Infrastructure development, especially power and transportation, is emphasized as a focus area given India's projected growth and need for investment. Overall foreign investment in India is growing significantly across many sectors.
This document discusses foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and their impact on India. It begins by explaining how FIIs started investing in India in 1992 and the process for foreign corporations to register as FIIs with SEBI. It outlines the eligibility criteria, registration process, and investment restrictions for FIIs. The document then compares FIIs to foreign direct investment and discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of portfolio investment through FIIs. It notes that while FIIs can significantly impact stock markets in the short-term, other economic factors also influence market performance. The document concludes by recommending policies to attract more FII investment and encourage growth.
What's illegal in owning a firm abroad, does lrs enable round trippingSaxbee Consultants
The document discusses regulations around sending money overseas from India, potential issues with the Liberalized Remittance Scheme (LRS), and tax disclosure requirements. It notes that while the LRS allows investing in overseas companies, there were unclear areas around directly setting up new companies that have since been clarified. However, experts still see potential for roundtripping where money could be routed to tax havens and back into India. Tax disclosure norms have also been strengthened over time to include reporting of foreign assets and accounts.
Foreign institutional investment provides capital to countries that implement structural, legal, and administrative reforms. According to SEBI, foreign pension funds, mutual funds, insurance companies, asset management companies, university funds, banks, and charitable organizations can register as foreign institutional investors in India. FII inflows started in the early 1990s and have helped develop India's infrastructure, bridge technological gaps, utilize resources optimally, balance payments, diversify markets, and develop sectors like telecom, IT, services, automobiles, tourism, and healthcare through research and development. However, lack of political and economic stability, poor infrastructure, and corruption have been roadblocks to FII in India, while FII also risks inflation, disadvantages small investors, and
Foreign investors were first allowed to invest in India's stock market in September 1992. Since 1993, foreign institutional investors can make portfolio investments in Indian equities through foreign institutional investment. To trade in the Indian equity market, foreign corporations must register as a Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) with SEBI. FIIs refer to outside companies investing in India's financial markets and can include pension funds, mutual funds, investment trusts, insurance companies, and asset management firms. SEBI decides FII applicants' eligibility based on factors like their track record, competence, financial soundness, experience, and reputation for fairness. The key difference between FDI and FII is that FDI involves control and long-term direct investment while FII
This document summarizes the categories of foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) and the eligibility criteria for registration as an FPI. It outlines three categories of FPIs - Category I includes foreign government-related entities, Category II includes regulated foreign banks and funds, and Category III includes other foreign investors not covered in Categories I and II. It also describes the types of instruments FPIs can invest in in India, such as listed shares, government securities, and corporate debt. The document notes that FPI regulations prohibit investment in unlisted shares but allow existing holdings to be maintained. It concludes by listing the eligibility criteria an applicant must meet for FPI registration, including experience, competence, reputation, and being from a country with
Chapter 14 listing rules and corporate complianceQuan Risk
This document provides an overview of Hong Kong's Main Board Listing Rules and corporate compliance practices. It discusses the listing requirements, application process, parties involved such as sponsors and reporting accountants, and ongoing obligations such as financial reporting, disclosure of price-sensitive information, and connected transactions. It also covers topics like corporate governance, securities transactions by directors, and restrictions on changes to a listed company's principal business activities.
A Foreign Currency Convertible Bond (FCCB) allows companies to raise funds in foreign currencies from foreign markets. It acts as both a debt instrument by providing regular interest payments and a principal repayment, and an equity instrument by giving bondholders the option to convert the bond into shares of the issuing company. FCCBs provide benefits to both companies and investors. Companies can access more stable foreign capital markets and investors receive safety of guaranteed bond payments while gaining upside potential if the stock appreciates significantly. Taxation of FCCBs is favorable, with interest payments and dividends taxed at 10% and no capital gains tax if the bond is converted to shares or transferred between non-resident investors.
1) FCCBs are quasi-debt instruments that give investors the option to convert bonds into equity shares of the issuing company, providing downside protection of guaranteed bond payments and upside potential if the stock price appreciates.
2) RBI guidelines state that Indian companies can issue FCCBs up to $500M annually, subject to certain criteria like minimum net worth and maturity periods of 3-5 years. FCCBs can be issued through automatic or RBI approval routes.
3) FCCBs offer benefits to both companies and investors. Companies raise capital in foreign currency at lower interest rates than market rates. Investors receive attractive yields and potential returns if the stock price exceeds the preset conversion price upon maturity.
Foreign currency convertible bonds (FCCBs) provide both debt and equity exposure. They act as bonds by providing regular interest payments but allow bondholders to convert the bonds into shares of the issuing company. While FCCBs provide lower interest rates than regular debt, they dilute the company's earnings per share if converted to equity. Companies must manage risks like currency fluctuations and may need to buy back bonds if conversion prices are below market prices to avoid cash payments at maturity. Regulations in India specify permitted end uses of FCCB financing and options for companies to deal with outstanding bonds.
This document discusses raising equity capital through American Depository Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depository Receipts (GDRs). It defines ADRs and GDRs as negotiable instruments that allow investors to hold shares in foreign companies. The document then covers who can issue ADRs/GDRs, the different types of ADR programs, the process for issuance, how pricing works, advantages and disadvantages, and examples of Indian companies that have issued ADRs/GDRs.
FCCB stands for Foreign Currency Convertible Bond, which is a bond issued by a country in a foreign currency. It acts as both a debt and equity instrument as the bondholder has the option to convert the bond into the company's equity shares. Many Indian companies issued FCCBs from 2004 to 2007 but are now struggling as the equity markets are lower than expected and most bonds have not been converted. Companies need to repay an estimated Rs. 33,000 crore but may seek to restructure terms, reset conversion prices, or utilize unused portions to emerge from the current crisis over maturing FCCBs.
American Depository Receipts (ADRs), Global Depository Receipts (GDRs), and Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds (FCCBs) allow Indian companies to raise capital from foreign markets. ADRs/GDRs represent shares of an Indian company trading on a foreign stock exchange. FCCBs are bonds issued in foreign currency that are convertible into shares. Key benefits include increased visibility, flexibility to list abroad, and diversifying investor base. Key risks include currency exchange rate fluctuations and lack of familiarity with foreign markets. Regulatory approvals from SEBI, RBI, and relevant foreign authorities are required for issuing these instruments.
Sources of raising funds in international marketsMegha Kushwaha
This document discusses various sources that companies can use to raise funds in international markets, including depository receipts, American depository receipts (ADRs), global depository receipts (GDRs), and foreign currency convertible bonds (FCCBs). ADRs and GDRs allow foreign companies to issue shares in domestic US and European markets, making it easier for investors in those markets to purchase shares. FCCBs are debt instruments issued in foreign currencies that can later be converted to shares, providing flexibility. While international funding opens new investor pools, it also presents challenges around exchange rate fluctuations and regulatory compliance with multiple markets.
Depository receipts represent ownership of shares in a foreign company that are held in trust by a domestic bank. There are three main types: American Depository Receipts (ADRs), which are issued and traded in the US; Global Depository Receipts (GDRs), which are issued and traded elsewhere; and Indian Depository Receipts (IDRs), which allow foreign companies to raise capital from the Indian market. ADRs/GDRs provide foreign companies access to international investors and capital markets. There are different levels of ADRs with increasing regulatory requirements associated with higher levels that provide greater visibility and trading opportunities in US markets. IDRs similarly allow Indian investors to invest in foreign companies.
Startups, quasi capital, venture capital fund (VCF), fund of funds, Regulation & funding, STARTUPS INDIA, Stand Up India, Company Law, LLP Act, MCA, FEMA
In a move to further rationalize and liberalise the overseas investment central Government and Reserve Bank of India notified Foreign Exchange Management (Overseas Investment) Rules, 2022 and Foreign Exchange Management (Overseas Investment) Regulations, 2022 respectively on 22 Aug 2022.
The revised regulatory framework for overseas investment provides for simplification of the existing framework for overseas investment and has been aligned with the current business and economic dynamics. Immense clarity on Overseas Direct Investment and Overseas Portfolio Investment has been brought in and various overseas investment related transactions that were earlier under approval route are now under automatic route, significantly enhancing "Ease of Doing Business".
With a view to develop the framework for investment funds in IFSC, the International Financial Services Centre Authority (IFSCA) has proposed to issue IFSCA (Fund Management) Regulations, 2022 (Draft Fund Management Regulations/Draft Regulations), based on global best practices, focusing on the ease of doing business.
Overview and importance of accounting, legal and tax aspects for startups - S...SS Industries
- The document discusses key regulatory, legal, tax and accounting considerations for startups in India, including the Startup India Action Plan.
- It covers topics like the definition of a startup, choice of entity structure, headquarters location, overseas investments, and recent developments in the startup ecosystem in India.
- Recent updates include over 500 applications received for startup benefits, 12 approved so far based on the April 1, 2016 incorporation date cutoff, and initiatives like a Rs. 2,000 crore fund of funds for startups managed by SIDBI.
Venture capital refers to funds provided to startup companies and small businesses with growth potential. It involves long-term risk capital to finance high-risk technology projects. Venture capital is regulated in India by SEBI and involves investing in private companies, with at least 80% invested in venture capital firms. It provides benefits like large equity financing and expertise, but founders lose some autonomy and the application process is complex.
Foreign investment in India takes two main forms - foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign portfolio investment (FPI). FDI involves direct ownership in the form of subsidiaries and joint ventures, while FPI involves indirect ownership through securities like stocks. Foreign institutional investors (FIIs) play a major role in FPI. While foreign investment brings benefits like jobs, technology, and economic growth, it also poses risks like inflation. India has seen significant growth in foreign investment over time, especially from developed and Asian economies. Setting up branches, subsidiaries, joint ventures, and licensing agreements are common ways for foreign companies to enter the Indian market.
An alternative investment fund (AIF) is a privately pooled investment vehicle that collects funds from investors for investing according to a defined strategy. There are three categories of AIFs in India with different investment conditions and regulations. Most AIFs are set up as trusts due to lower compliance requirements compared to companies or limited liability partnerships. Key parties involved in a typical AIF structure include the sponsor, trustee, manager, investors and portfolio entities. The presentation discusses legal structures for AIFs, registration requirements, ongoing compliance and recent trends in foreign investments in AIFs.
India's new Overseas Investment Regulatory Architecture.pdfSS Industries
The document provides an overview of India's new overseas investment regulatory architecture. It outlines the key changes made in the new framework, including consolidating various regulations into three main regulations, distinguishing between debt and non-debt instruments, increasing investment limits for overseas direct investment and overseas portfolio investment, and relaxing restrictions on certain outbound investment structures. The document also provides snapshots of historical trends in India's overseas investments, top destinations for such investments, and sectors attracting the highest outflows. It summarizes various aspects of the new framework such as eligible investment types, limits, and conditions for overseas investments by Indian entities and resident individuals.
India's new Overseas Investment Regulatory Architecture.pdfSandeep814482
The document provides an overview of India's new overseas investment regulatory architecture. It outlines the key changes made in the new framework, including consolidating various regulations into three main regulations, distinguishing between debt and non-debt instruments, increasing investment limits for overseas direct investment and overseas portfolio investment, and relaxing restrictions on certain outbound investment structures. The document also provides snapshots of outbound investment trends, top destinations for Indian overseas direct investments, sectors attracting the highest investments, and illustrations of permitted overseas investment structures under the new framework.
This presentation provides an overview of venture capital, including what it is, its key features and advantages/disadvantages. It also discusses the venture capital investment process, common financing methods, exit routes, major venture capital funds in India and reasons for the growth of venture capital in India. Key sectors and cities attracting venture capital investments are also highlighted.
This presentation provides an overview of venture capital, including what it is, its key features and advantages/disadvantages. It discusses the venture capital investment process and various methods of venture financing. It also outlines the major venture capital funds and players in India as well as the growth of the venture capital industry in the country.
What is venture capital & venture capital in indiaSandeep Mane
Venture capital is money provided to startup companies and small businesses for long-term growth potential. It features a long investment time horizon, lack of liquidity, high risk, focus on high-tech industries, and equity participation. Advantages include access to large funds and expertise, while disadvantages include loss of founder autonomy and complex legal processes. Venture capital in India is provided through various public and private sector funds and regulated by SEBI. Key sectors attracting venture capital include IT, energy, manufacturing, and media/entertainment. Cities like Mumbai, Bangalore, Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, and Pune are major hubs for venture capital investment in India.
| Foreign Direct Investment | Foreign Direct Investment and Pakistan | Featur...Ahmad Hassan
introduction to foreign direct investment, definition and forms of foreign direct investment, features of foreign direct investment policies-Pakistan, investment policies of Pakistan, challenges to foreign direct investment in Pakistan, no go areas for foreign direct investment in Pakistan
Joint Venture & Strategic Alliance- hu consultancyHU Consultancy
This document provides an overview of joint ventures and strategic alliances. It defines a joint venture as a business arrangement where two or more parties pool resources to achieve a goal, sharing both risks and rewards. Key objectives of joint ventures include gaining access to new markets, reducing costs, and risk sharing. The document outlines the key differences between equity-based joint ventures, which create a new shared entity, and strategic alliances, which do not share ownership. It provides details on forming a joint venture company, prohibited sectors for foreign investment, and critical factors for a successful joint venture such as trust between partners and clear objectives.
Joint Venture & Strategic Alliance- hu consultancyHU Consultancy
A Joint Venture (JV) is a business arrangement in which two or more parties agree to pool their resources and expertise to achieve a particular goal. The risks and rewards of the enterprise are also shared.
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Emerging Sources Of Finance discusses private equity, venture capital, REITs, and InvITs as alternative sources of financing for businesses. Private equity involves investment in private companies, often to support buyouts, while venture capital finances startups and early-stage companies. Both aim for high returns but private equity targets more mature businesses and venture capital backs high-risk, high-growth potential startups. REITs and InvITs allow investment in real estate and infrastructure projects through stock-like instruments, providing income from rents and interest payments. They offer benefits like liquidity, transparency and tax advantages compared to direct real estate and infrastructure investment.
To bring in improvement within a business, the management must take decisive actions that meet the requirements of the present needs.
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This document provides an overview of investment fund structures in India and compliance requirements. It discusses various types of fund vehicles like offshore and onshore funds. It also covers key areas like choice of fund jurisdiction, documentation requirements, registration and approvals with Indian regulators, ongoing compliance, and certification needs. The presentation further elaborates on topics like different types of investors in India, tax implications, and investment structures for foreign venture capital investors.
Submitted by nitish s harma presentationvinay verma
The document outlines the typical process for venture capital fund raising in India. It involves identifying an investment banker with relevant experience and networks. An investment memorandum and financial model are then prepared to capture the business details and project financials. Shortlisted investors are approached, and presentations are made to convince them. If interested, investors issue a term sheet covering valuation and deal structure. Due diligence is conducted before signing shareholder agreements and transferring funds. The obligations and restrictions for venture capital funds are also summarized.
Venture capital (VC) funds provide financing to young private companies that are not ready or willing to tap public financial markets. VC investments involve high-growth potential businesses with medium- to long-term horizons, high risks and returns, and active post-financing involvement. The VC appraisal process emphasizes management team assessment, strategic strengths, and liquidity potential. Valuation converts projected performance into equity stakes. Deal structuring chooses funding instruments and terms. Post-financing agreements define investor rights and controls. Current concerns in India include competition, valuations, economic uncertainty, contract enforcement, and manager shortages.
Similar to Overseas listing by unlisted indian companies (20)
RBI has made assured returns to foreign investors on their investments in India illegal through a recent circular. The circular provides that foreign investors can exit their investments after a one year lock-in period, but cannot expect any assured returns. For listed companies, the exit price will be the prevailing market price. For unlisted companies, the exit price will be calculated based on return on equity or internationally accepted pricing methods for convertible instruments. Existing agreements providing for assured returns will be invalid to that extent. While this clarifies regulations, experts believe it may discourage foreign investment and make exits difficult.
Alpha Legal updates-March to June, 2013Akshat Pande
This document provides a summary of important legal updates from March to June 2013 across various areas of law in India. Key updates include amendments to rules regarding directors identification numbers and acceptance of company deposits. In intellectual property law, new copyright rules and draft patent rules were notified. Foreign exchange law saw several amendments to regulations. The FDI policy circular defined group companies and released a list of states consenting to multi-brand retail.
Investments made by a registered Foreign Venture Capital Investor (FVCI) in an Indian venture capital undertaking fall under the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident Outside India) Regulations 2000. Such investments do not constitute foreign direct investment. A recent notification clarifies that where an FVCI makes an investment under the FDI scheme, Form FC-GPR/FC-TRS must be filed. However, if the investment is under Schedule 6 of the regulations, no FC-GPR/FC-TRS reporting is required. The custodian bank will report these transactions in the monthly format prescribed by RBI.
Alpha Partners. Start-up Practice DeskAkshat Pande
Alpha Partners is a law firm that provides legal services tailored to meet the specific needs of startups. It assists startups in all stages of business from setup to closure. The firm's services include assistance with incorporation, daily operations, business strategies, transactions, disputes, and exit strategies. Alpha Partners aims to make legal support understandable, affordable, and value-adding for its entrepreneur and small business clients.
This document provides an overview of investment term sheets, including:
- A term sheet is a non-binding agreement that outlines the basic terms and conditions for an investment, and serves as a template for more detailed legal documents.
- It balances the interests of entrepreneurs/inventors and investors by answering key questions around investment growth, roles, rights, and exit provisions.
- Once agreed, a binding contract is drawn up conforming to the term sheet details around items like valuation, investment amount, stake percentage, and provisions.
The Companies Directors Identification Number (Amendment) Rules, 2013 allows the Central Government or Regional Director to cancel or deactivate a Director Identification Number under certain circumstances. These include if the DIN was obtained improperly, in the case of a director's death, if a director has been declared legally incompetent, becomes insolvent, or if the DIN is found to be duplicate. The individual will be given an opportunity to be heard before their DIN is cancelled or deactivated.
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Investment Advisers) Regulations, 2013, which came into effect on February 9, 2013. It outlines who qualifies as an investment adviser, the requirements for registration, exemptions, eligibility criteria, capital requirements, and penalties for non-compliance. The regulation aims to protect investors from unqualified investment advisors and infuse confidence in the securities market.
An IP audit is a systematic review of a business's intellectual property assets to identify underutilized assets, threats to the business, and opportunities to increase the value of IP. It involves analyzing all statutory IP like patents and trademarks as well as non-statutory IP like know-how, contracts, and more. The audit identifies actions needed to maintain assets, potential infringement issues, applications that should be filed, and procedures to implement. The deliverables include a written report listing assets, required actions, applications, and procedures to pursue identified opportunities.
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024FelixPerez547899
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
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Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
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Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
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Building Your Employer Brand with Social MediaLuanWise
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
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In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
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2. Access to New and Incredibly deep
capital
Economical options vis-à-vis PE or
debt funding
Surreal spike in valuation and less
under-pricing
Increased Liquidity and broad investor
base
Lowered cost of capital
Enhanced protection to Investors
Brand building and wide media
coverage
Additional Visibility, Exposure and
Prestige
Benefits to employees
New growth opportunities and better
access to technologies
$ as Currency for acquisitions
Easy exit
Overseas
Listing
3. COMPANIES ACT, 1956
FOREIGN EXCHANGE MANAGEMENT ACT
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT POLICY
OVERSEAS DIRECT INVESTMENT POLICY
FCCB
SEBI ACT AND REGULATIONS
INCOME TAX ACT, 1961
LISTING AGREEMENTS
5. Approval of Finance
Ministry for unlisted
companies to raise
capital abroad without
prior listing in India
Features of the scheme
•Introduced on pilot basis
for two years
•After two years, subject to
review
•Proceeds may be used to
retire overseas debt,
overseas operations and
M&A
Conditions
•Only on only on exchanges
in IOSCO/FATF compliant
jurisdictions
•Filing and compliance with
SEBI disclosure norms, FDI
policy required
•In case money not used
abroad, the same shall be
remitted back to India
7. US
Tax Haven for US
Tax Haven (MU, SG)
India
Listing on NYSE
Issuer Company
Holding
Company
Asset
Manager
Asset/
entity
Asset/
entity
Asset/
entity
Asset/
entity
Advisory
company
8. Steps involved
Pre-IPO
IPO
process
Post IPO
•Finalize listing destination – preferred
are US and Europe
•Finalizing IPO team
•Strategies and internal restructuring
•IPO Marketing strategy
•Internal housekeeping
•Process timelines
•Prospectus filing and compliances
•Listing, stock exchange registration
and issue
•Issue of securities
•Stock exchange compliances
•India related compliances, FDI, tax,
SEBI, RBI, CA’56/13
•Use of proceeds