This document contains information from a student project on othering. It includes: - A list of group members working on the project. - A literature review section summarizing two articles about othering and its functions. - Details about brainstorming activities, definitions of othering, and ways that people can be othered such as through racism. - Diagrams including a fishbone diagram identifying causes of othering, a matrix diagram ranking causes, and a Pareto diagram showing survey results on the most important cause. - Suggested solutions for reducing othering focusing on education programs for families and teachers. - Details about a survey conducted with over 1,000 respondents on issues

1. ED 313 PROJECT
SPRING2014

2. DREAM TEAM
Kübra Nur ÇÖMERT Başar ÜRKMEZ Sultan KILINÇ Zeynep KIZILIRMAK

3. OTHERING
*simge-etkiliiletisim.blogspot.com

4. CONTENT
 Literature Review
 Article 1
 Article 2
 Brainstorming
 What is othering?
 Othering people
 Racism
 Fishbone Diagram
 Matrix Diagram
 Pareto Diagram
 Survey Results
 Suggestions
 Gannt Card
 References

5. LITERATURE REVIEW

6. ARTICLE 1: ÖTEKILESTIRME VE IŞLEVLERI
There are lots of definitions about the concept of ‘other’.
In the most rational way, ‘other’ is the personal definition of who is not ‘us’.
The most favored function of ‘other’ is that the concept of other is the key
that can open many doors.
That’s why it is important to study about the concept of ‘other’.
Özçalık, Sevil (2009).” ötekileştirme ve işlevleri”.
http://www.daplatform.com/images/otekilesme%20ve%20islevleri.pdf

7. Every difference like religion,gender,education,skin color can be an issue for
othering.
Generalizations such as “Every black person is aggressive” , “all European act
immorally” are very crucial reasons of why there is othering.
Most people do not accept that generalizations are indeed limited with time and
place. This is one of the problems about generalisations.
For instance; a German person mostly think about a couple of Turkish people’s
behaviour are same for all Turkish people.
ARTICLE 2: ‘BİZ’LİK, ‘ÖTEKİ’LİK, ÖTEKİLEŞTİRME VE
AYRIMCILIK
Hakan Yılmaz (2010): “ ‘Biz’lik, ‘Öteki’lik, Ötekileştirme ve Ayrımcılık”
https://attachment.fbsbx.com/messaging_attachment.php

8. BRAINSTORMING

9. WHAT IS OTHERING?
o Removing from a person or a group of people due to seeing as
‘other’, labelling them as bad amd harmful and trying to destroy
these ‘others’ or to assimilate them..
o In order to live in peace, we should not see anyone as ‘other’ and
not think they are bad. We can only create peace in such a
tolerant culture.
http://www.agos.com.tr/oteki-otekiler-otekilestirme-6341.html

10. OTHERING PEOPLE
We dont forget every person is a complex bundle of emotions, ideas,
motivations, reflexes, priorities, and many other subtle aspects
It’s easier to dismiss them as being in some way less human, and less
worthy of respect and dignity, than we are.
Considered as minorities in Turkey are exposed to some marginalized
communities .
Minorities live among us with lifestyles and traditions, which make them
different in our evaluation of these features has caused them to other.
InTurkey some of the minorities are Kurds who constıtute the largest
stateless nation in the Middle East.
People live ın Tukey who feel themselves as other out of the Kurds are
describes as Türk.
Since these people want to feel unsure in tehir living area.

11. When they are forced to show that they are different,it may lead to split
personality.
With this treaty anyone other than Muslims are Turkish and their religion was
considered as Islam.
As seen in tis case people are deprived of their liberty.
Prof. Dr. Binnaz Toprak bir süre önce kamuyla paylaştığı “Türkiye’de Farklı
Olmak” adlı araştırmasına ilişkin bilgileri paylaştığı konuşmasında, özellikle
Anadolu’da AKP hükümeti yüzünden kamu kurumlarında, Alevi ve Romanların
çalışmasına izin verilmediğini, bu kişilerin “ötekileştirildiklerini”
söyledi.(MİLLİYET - GÜLAY FIRAT / İstanbul - 26.4.2009)

12. RACISM
Racism is the most extreme othering .
Racism does not occurs suddenly ,it occurs in a period of time.
In Turkey racism and ethnic discrimination are prevalent in its society and
throughout its history.
This racism and ethnic discrimination is also institutional against the non-
Muslim and non-Sunni minorities.
This appears mainly in the form of negative attitudes and actions by Turks
towards people who are not considered ethnically Turkish.
Such discrimination is predominately towards non-Muslim minorities such as
Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, and others, as well as hostility towards various
interpretations of Islam such as Alevis, Sufis, and other Muslim non-Turks
such as Kurds.

13. FISH BONE DIAGRAM

14. MEDIA
CAPITALIST
SYSTEM
POLICY
HUMAN
Why did the
concept of other
emerge?
Language
games
Unethical
Behaviours
The effort to
create rival
class The relationship
based on other-
’we’
Demand to create
supporters
The effort to
protect power
Perceiving the
differences as
threat
The
understanding of
different =
Perturbator
Religious views
The effort to
have power Patriarchal
society
structure

15. MATRIX DIAGRAM

16. Grup Üyeleri Media Policy Capitalist
System
Human
Kübra 4 7 5 6
Sultan 5 6 4 7
Başar 3 6 5 7
Zeynep 4 5 7 6
Sum 16 24 21 26
% 18,40 27,50 24,10 30

17. PARETO GRAPH
30%
24%
28%
18%
Pareto
Human Capitalist System Policy Media

18. o The Topic is decided with matrix diagram is
human, so we have covered some solutions
for it.
o Being tolerant is crucial to fight with
othering.Families and teachers have great
responsibility in this situation.They have to
get a series of seminars about othering and
being tolerant.These seminars will be
beneficial for parents in order to reach their
children and treat them.
OUR SUGGESTIONS

19. o Inorder to overcome othering people have to get rid of
the structure of class society.Besides, people need to
perceive the problem of othering as an international
responsibility.
o Individual has to identify and understand and accept
himself/herself, after that he/she can accept and
understand others realities.
o People realize that differences are cultural beauties.In
order to breakdown the prejudices,families and teachers
must be educated.Government support
symposiums,forums and social debate to educate those
families and teachers about othering.
o With those, othering will be decrease and it can provide a
stable environment

20. SURVEY

21.  This questionnarie was answered by 1181 people
who are older than 18 in a variety of cities in Turkey.

22. 1. WHO ARE WE? OUR IDENTITY PREFERENCES
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
TC citizen Turkish muslim ethnic identity

23. 2. Can the rights of bisexuals be restrained?
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
yes no

24. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
yes no
3. Can the rights of atheists be restrained?

25. 4. Can the right to change religion be forbidden?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
yes no

26. 5. Can the languages other than Turkish be forbidden?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
yes no

27. 6. If you know you will not be welcome, do you express your
identity?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
yes no

28. 7. Do you think there is discrimination against women?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
yes no

29. 8. Do you think religion classes based on Sünni faith is a
discrimination against Alevi people?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
yes no

30. GANNT CARD

31. Expected
Observed
STEPS WEEKS 1 2 3 4 5
PLAN
Identify topic
Approval
Literature
review and
target
identificaiton
Cause-effect
analysis
Approval of the
man cause
Solutions for
the future
Determined
solution tactic
DO
Preparing
survey & data
collection
CHECK Analysis of data
ACT
Conclusion &
suggestions
Preparing PPT &
report
Self-assessment
PRESEN
TATION
Doing
presentation

32. REFERENCES
Bezirgan Arar, Yurdagül ve Nuri Bilgin (2009).”Gazetlerde Ötekileştirme Pratikleri: Türk Basını
Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi:30, 1-15.
Özçalık, Sevil (2009).”Ötekileştirme ve İşlevleri”.
http://www.daplatform.com/images/otekilesme%20ve%20islevleri.pdf
Toprak, Binnaz ve İrfan Bozan, Nedim Şener, Tan Morgül,(2008).”Türkiye’de farklı olmak:
din ve muhafazakarlık ekseninde ötekileştirilenler”.ii, 186 p.; 21 cm. ISBN 978-975-
518-301-5
Yılmaz, Hakan. 2010. “ 'Türkiye'de 'Biz'lik, 'Öteki'lik, Ötekileştirme ve Ayrımcılık:
Kamuoyundaki Algılar ve Eğilimler”. Açık Toplum Vakfı ve Boğaziçi Üniversitesi
tarafından eş katkıyla desteklenen araştırma projesi.
Köksal, Hayal (2014). “İmece Circle”. ED313 Conflict Resolution
• http://www.sosyalistforum.net/makaleler/47656-otekilestirme.html
• http://www.ayracdergisi.com/?p=7157
• http://www.siyasalbirikim.com.tr/artikel.php?artikel_id=1954
• http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/otekilestirmek-korkusu/Blog/?BlogNo=304196
• http://haber.stargazete.com/yazar/otekilestirme-dun-kurtlere-bugun-turklere/yazi-
832000
• http://www.psakd.org/yazarlar/asimilasyon_aleviler.html

33. THANKS FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

34. DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS?
?