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OSCON 2012 MongoDB Tutorial

The document outlines an introduction to MongoDB, discussing its features, benefits, and use cases, as well as the evolution from relational databases to document databases like MongoDB. It highlights the ideal characteristics for a modern database, including horizontal scaling, cloud compatibility, and fast performance. Various case studies demonstrate how companies improved their applications and reduced costs by adopting MongoDB over traditional relational databases.

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MongoDB
Today’s Agenda MongoDB Intro MongoDB Fundamentals Running MongoDB Building your first app Deploying your first app to Heroku
@spf13 AKA Steve Francia 15+ years building the internet Father, husband, skateboarder Chief Solutions Architect @ responsible for drivers, integrations, web & docs
Company behind MongoDB HQ in NYC & Palo Alto, Offices in Sydney, London & Dublin Support, consulting, training
Introduction to MongoD
A bit of history
1974 The relational database is created
1979
1979 1994
1979 1994 1995
Computers in 1995 100 mhz Pentium 10 base T 16 MB ram 200 MB HD
Cloud in 1995 (Windows 95 cloud wallpaper)
Cell Phones in Quad core 1.4Ghz 802.11n (300+ Mbps) 2 GB ram 64 GB Solid State
The world is vastly different than the one the relational database was created for
What do we want in an ideal world?
What do we want in an ideal world?
What do we want in an ideal world? •Horizontal scaling •cloud compatible •works with standard servers
What do we want in an ideal world? •Horizontal scaling •cloud compatible •works with standard servers •Fast
What do we want in an ideal world? •Horizontal scaling •cloud compatible •works with standard servers •Fast •Easy Development •Features •The Right Data Model •Schema Agility
MongoDB philosophy Keep functionality when we can (key/value stores are great, but we need more) Non-relational (no joins) makes scaling horizontally practical Document data models are good Database technology should run anywhere virtualized, cloud, metal, etc
Under the hood Written in C++ Runs nearly everywhere Data serialized to BSON Extensive use of memory-mapped files i.e. read-through write-through memory caching.
Database Scalability & Performance Memcached MongoDB RDBMS Depth of Functionality
“ MongoDB has the best features of key/value stores, document databases and relational databases in one. John Nunemaker
Relational made normalized data look like this Category • Name • Url Article User • Name Tag • Name • Slug • Name • Email Address • Publish date • Url • Text Comment • Comment • Date • Author
Document databases make normalized data look like this Article • Name • Slug • Publish date User • Text • Name • Author • Email Address Comment[] • Comment • Date • Author Tag[] • Value Category[] • Value
But we’ve been using a relational database for 40 years!
How do people store documents in real life?
Think about a doctors office There’s two ways they could organize their files
Each document type in it’s own drawer MRIs X-rays Lab Invoices Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 History Medications Lab Forms
Each document type in it’s own drawer MRIs X-rays Lab Invoices Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 History Medications Lab Forms
Each document type in it’s own drawer MRIs X-rays Lab Invoices Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 History Medications Lab Forms
Group related records Patient 1 Patient 2 Patient 3 ... Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3
Group related records Patient 1 Patient 3 ... Patient 2 Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3
Databases work the same way Relation Docum Patient 1 Vendor 1 Article Category • Name • Name • Slug • Url • Publish User date • Text • Name • Author • Email Address Article User Tag • Name Comment[] • Name • Name • Email • Slug • Url • Comment Address • Publish date • Date • Author Comment Tag[] • Comment • Value • Date • Author Category[] • Value
Terminology RDBMS Mongo Table, View ➜ Collection Row ➜ Document Index ➜ Index Join ➜ Embedded Foreign Key ➜ Document Reference Partition ➜ Shard
MongoDB Use Cases
CMS / Blog Needs: • Business needed modern data store for rapid development and scale Solution: • Use PHP & MongoDB Results: • Real time statistics • All data, images, etc stored together easy access, easy deployment, easy high availability • No need for complex migrations • Enabled very rapid development and growth
Photo Meta- Problem: • Business needed more flexibility than Oracle could deliver Solution: • Use MongoDB instead of Oracle Results: • Developed application in one sprint cycle • 500% cost reduction compared to Oracle • 900% performance improvement compared to Oracle
Customer Analytics Problem: • Deal with massive data volume across all customer sites Solution: • Use MongoDB to replace Google Analytics / Omniture options Results: • Less than one week to build prototype and prove business case • Rapid deployment of new features
Archiving Why MongoDB: • Existing application built on MySQL • Lots of friction with RDBMS based archive storage • Needed more scalable archive storage backend Solution: • Keep MySQL for active data (100mil) • MongoDB for archive (2+ billion) Results: • No more alter table statements taking over 2 months to run • Sharding fixed vertical scale problem • Very happily looking at other places to use MongoDB
Online Problem: • MySQL could not scale to handle their 5B+ documents Solution: • Switched from MySQL to MongoDB Results: • Massive simplification of code base • Eliminated need for external caching system • 20x performance improvement over MySQL
E-commerce Problem: • Multi-vertical E-commerce impossible to model (efficiently) in RDBMS Solution: • Switched from MySQL to MongoDB Results: • Massive simplification of code base • Rapidly build, halving time to market (and cost) • Eliminated need for external caching system • 50x+ performance improvement over MySQL
Tons more MongoDB casts a wide net people keep coming up with new and brilliant ways to use it
In Good and 1000s more
MongoD B
Start with an (or array, hash, dict, e place1 = { name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome" ] }
Inserting the record Initial Data Load > db.places.insert(place1) > db.places.insert(place1)
Querying > db.places.findOne({ zip: "10011", tags: "awesome" }) > db.places.find({tags: "business" }) { name : "10gen HQ", address : "134 5th Avenue 3rd Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome" ] }
Nested Documents { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome" ], comments : [ { author : "Fred", date : "Sat Apr 25 2010 20:51:03", text : "Best Place Ever!" }] }
Object ID > db.places.insert(place1) object(MongoId)#4 (1) { ["$id"]=> string(24) "4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000" } 4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000 |------||----||--||----| ts mac pid inc
Updating > db.places.update( {name : "10gen HQ"}, { $push : { comments : { author : "steve", date : 6/26/2012, text : "Office hours are great!" } } } )
Atomic $set $unset $rename $push $pop $pull $addToSet $in
Index nested documents // Index nested documents > db.posts.ensureIndex({ "comments.author":1 }) > db.posts.find({'comments.author':'Fred'}) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", comments : [ { author : "Fred", date : "Sat Apr 25 2010 20:51:03", text : "Best Place Ever!" }] }
Regular Expressions // Regular Expressions > db.posts.find({'comments.author': /^Fr/}) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", comments : [ { author : "Fred", date : "Sat Apr 25 2010 20:51:03", text : "Best Place Ever!" }] }
Index multiple values // Index on tags (multi-key index) > db.posts.ensureIndex({ tags: 1}) > db.posts.find( { tags: 'tech' } ) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome", "tech" ], }
Geospatial // geospatial index > db.posts.ensureIndex({ "location": "2d" }) > db.posts.find({"location":{$near:[22,42]}}) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", location : [ 22, 42 ], }
Cursors $cursor = $c->find(array("foo" => "bar")); foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) { echo "$id: "; var_dump( $value ); } $a = iterator_to_array($cursor);
Paging page_num = 3; results_per_page = 10; cursor = db.collection.find() .sort({ "ts" : -1 }) .skip((page_num - 1) * results_per_page) .limit(results_per_page);
Running MongoDB
Fire up a mongo mongo mongod mongoexport mongoimport mongos mongostat mongo_console mongodump mongofiles mongorestore mongosniff mongotop
Start Mongod mongod Note the d mongod --help for help and startup options Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=32237 port=27017 dbpath=/ data/db/ 64-bit host=Steves-MacBook-Air.local Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] db version v2.0.6, pdfile version 4.5 Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] git version: e1c0cbc25863f6356aa4e31375add7bb49fb05bc Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] build info: Darwin erh2.10gen.cc 9.8.0 Darwin Kernel Version 9.8.0: Wed Jul 15 16:55:01 PDT 2009; root:xnu-1228.15.4~1/RELEASE_I386 i386 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_40 Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] options: {} Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/db/journal Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [websvr] admin web console waiting for connections on port 28017 Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
Download & Import the venues curl -L http://j.mp/OSCONvenues | mongoimport -d milieu -c venues Database Collection wget http://c.spf13.com/OSCON/venuesImport.json mongoimport -d milieu -c venues venuesImport.json
Start the Mongo shell mongo > help Note no d db.help() help on db methods db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods rs.help() help on replica set methods help admin administrative help help connect connecting to a db help help keys key shortcuts help misc misc things to know help mr mapreduce show dbs show database names show collections show collections in current database show users show users in current database show profile show most recent system.profile
Let’s look at the venues > use milieu Database switched to db milieu > db.venues.count() 50
Let’s look at the venues > db.venues.findOne() { "_id" : ObjectId("4ff73cb568840767e50d4e9c"), "location" : { "address" : "777 NE ML King Blvd.", "cc" : "US", "city" : "Portland", "country" : "United States", "distance" : 18, "geo" : [ -122.66293287277222, 45.52829837051139 ], "postalCode" : "97232", "state" : "OR" }, "name" : "Agent Reboot Portland", "stats" : { "checkinsCount" : 0, "usersCount" : 0 } }
Creating a Geo index > db.venues.ensureIndex({ 'location.geo' : '2d'}) > db.venues.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "ns" : "milieu.venues", "name" : "_id_" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "location.geo" : "2d" }, "ns" : "milieu.venues", "name" : "location.geo_" } ]
Challenges Create a new DB & Collection Insert a new record into this collection ... with a nested field Insert another record Create an index (on a common field) Query on the field and confirm index used Update multiple records
Building a MongoDB app
MongoDB Drivers Official Support for 12 languages Community drivers for tons more Drivers connect to mongo servers Drivers translate BSON into native types mongo shell is not a driver, but works like one in some ways
Building an app in Ruby? Had to pick a language Sinatra is very minimal and approachable Wanted to focus on MongoDB interaction Ruby gems are awesome Works well on Windows, OS X & Linux Seemed like a good idea at the time
A crash course in Sinatra & Ruby
1 st Ruby
Everything is an object 1.class # => Fixnum 'a'.class # => String :z.class # => Symbol class Foo # => Class end Foo.class # => Foo Foo.new.class
Structure def do_stuff(thing) Method thing.do_the_stuff end class TheThing Class def do_the_stuff puts "Stuff was done!" end end do_stuff(TheThing.new) Invocation
Strings name = 'World' # => "World" "Hello, #{name}" # => "Hello, World" 'Hello, #{name}' # => "Hello, #{name}"
Numbers 1 + 1 # => 2 1 + 1.1 # => 2.1 6 * 7 # => 42 6 ** 7 # => 279936 Math.sqrt(65536) # => 256.0 1.class # => Fixnum (2 ** 42).class # => Fixnum (2 ** 64).class # => Bignum 1.1.class # => Float
Arrays Array.new # => [] Array.new(3) # => [nil, nil, nil] [] # => [] a = [1,2,3] # => [1, 2, 3] a[0] = 'one' # => "one" a # => ["one", 2, 3] a[-1] # => 3 a[1..2] # => [2, 3]
Hashes Hash.new # => {} {} # => {} h = {1 => "one", 2 => "two"} h[1] # => "one" h["1"] # => nil h[:one] = "einz" # => "einz" h[:one] # => "einz" h.keys # => [1, 2, :one] h.values # => ["one", "two", "einz"]
Variables & Names CamelCased # Classes, modules with_underscores # methods, local variables @instance_variable @@class_variable $GLOBAL_VARIABLE
Control Structures if condition # ... elsif other_condition # ... end unless condition # ... end while # ... end
Sinatra is... not Rails not a framework a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby with minimal effort
Hello World # myapp.rb require 'sinatra' get '/' do 'Hello world!' end
HTTP Actions In Sinatra, a route is an HTTP method paired with a URL-matching pattern. Each route is associated with a block: get '/' do .. show something .. end post '/' do .. create something .. end put '/' do .. replace something .. end delete '/' do .. annihilate something .. end
Routes Routes are matched in the order they are defined. The first route that matches the request is invoked. Route patterns may include named parameters, accessible via the params hash: get '/hello/:name' do # matches "GET /hello/foo" and "GET /hello/bar" # params[:name] is 'foo' or 'bar' "Hello #{params[:name]}!" end #You can also access named parameters via block parameters: get '/hello/:name' do |n| "Hello #{n}!" end
Splat Route patterns may also include splat (or wildcard) parameters, accessible via the params[:splat] array: get '/say/*/to/*' do # matches /say/hello/to/world params[:splat] # => ["hello", "world"] end get '/download/*.*' do # matches /download/path/to/file.xml params[:splat] # => ["path/to/file", "xml"] end
Introducing the milieu app
Start with a skeleton /Users/steve/Code/milieu/app/ layout.haml* ▸ config/ login.haml* ▸ helpers/ navbar.haml* ▾ model/ register.haml* mongodb.rb user_dashboard.haml* mongoModule.rb user_profile.haml* user.rb venue.haml* ▾ public/ venues.haml* ▸ bootstrap/ app.rb* ▾ css/ config.ru* styles.css* Gemfile* ▸ images/ Gemfile.lock* ▾ views/ Rakefile* footer.haml* README* index.haml*
Download & Install deps mkdir milieu cd milieu wget http://c.spf13.com/OSCON/gettingStarted.tgz tar zxvf gettingStarted.tgz cd app bundle install Using bson (1.6.4) Using bson_ext (1.6.4) Using googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Using haml (3.1.4) Using mongo (1.6.4) Using rack (1.4.1) Using rack-protection (1.2.0) Using shotgun (0.9) Using tilt (1.3.3) Using sinatra (1.3.2) Using bundler (1.1.4) Your bundle is complete! Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
Run app shotgun == Shotgun/WEBrick on http://127.0.0.1:9393/ [2012-07-14 11:37:34] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 [2012-07-14 11:37:34] INFO ruby 1.9.3 (2012-04-20) [x86_64- darwin11.4.0] [2012-07-14 11:37:34] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=42185 port=9393
Open Browser to localhost: 9393
Connecting to MongoDB model/mongodb.rb require 'mongo' require './model/mongoModule' require './model/user' CONNECTION = Mongo::Connection.new("localhost") DB = CONNECTION.db('milieu') USERS = DB['users'] VENUES = DB['venues'] CHECKINS = DB['checkins']
Listing Venues app.rb get '/venues' do @venues = VENUES.find haml :venues end
Listing Venues .container .content views/venues.haml %h2 Venues %table.table.table-striped %thead %tr %th Name %th Address %th Longitude %th Latitude %tbody ~@venues.each do |venue| %tr %td %a{:href => '/venue/' << venue['_id'].to_s}= venue['name'] %td= venue['location']['address'] ? venue['location']['address'] : '&nbsp' %td= venue['location']['geo'][0].round(2) %td= venue['location']['geo'][1].round(2)
Listing Venues localhost:9393/venues
Paginating Venues app.rb get '/venues/?:page?' do @page = params.fetch('page', 1).to_i pp = 10 @venues = VENUES.find.skip( ( @page - 1 ) * pp).limit(pp) @total_pages = (VENUES.count.to_i / pp).ceil haml :venues end
Listing Venues localhost:9393/venues
Creating Users Users are a bit special in our app Not just data Special considerations for secure password handling Not complicated on MongoDB side, but slightly complicated on Ruby side
Creating Users class User model/user.rb attr_accessor :_id, :name, :email, :email_hash, :salt, :hashed_password, :collection, :updated_at def initialize self.collection = 'users' end def password=(pass) self.salt = random_string(10) unless self.salt self.hashed_password = User.encrypt(pass, self.salt) end def save col = DB[self.collection] self.updated_at = Time.now col.save(self.to_hash) end end
Creating Users post '/register' do app.rb u = User.new u.email = params[:email] u.password = params[:password] u.name = params[:name] if u.save() flash("User created") session[:user] = User.auth( params["email"], params["password"]) redirect '/user/' << session[:user].email.to_s << "/dashboard" else tmp = [] u.errors.each do |e| tmp << (e.join("<br/>")) end flash(tmp) redirect '/create' end end
Logging in configure do app.rb enable :sessions end before do unless session[:user] == nil @suser = session[:user] end end get '/user/:email/dashboard' do haml :user_dashboard end
User Dashboard .container views/user_dashboard.haml .content .page-header -unless @suser == nil? %h2="Dashboard" %br %image{src: "http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" << @suser.email_hash.to_s << '.png'} %h3= @suser.name.to_s -else redirect '/' %small %a{href: "/user/" << @suser.email.to_s << "/profile"} profile .container#main-topic-nav
Dashboard localhost:9393/dashboard
Showing a Venue app.rb get '/venue/:_id' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one( { :_id => object_id }) haml :venue end
Showing a Venue .row-fluid views/venue.haml .span4 %h2= @venue['name'].to_s %p =@venue['location']['address'].to_s %br= @venue['location']['city'].to_s + ' ' + @venue['location']['state'].to_s + ' ' + @venue['location']['postalCode'].to_s .span8 %image{:src => '' << gmap_url(@venue, {:height => 300, :width => 450}) }
A Venue localhost:9393/venue/{id}
Nearby Venues app.rb get '/venue/:_id' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) @nearby_venues = VENUES.find( { :'location.geo' => { :$near => [ @venue['location']['geo'][0], @venue['location']['geo'][1]] } }).limit(4).skip(1) haml :venue end
Listing Nearby Venues ... views/venue.haml .row-fluid - @nearby_venues.each do |nearby| .span3 %h2 %a{:href => '/venue/' + nearby['_id'].to_s}= nearby['name'].to_s %p =nearby['location']['address'].to_s %br= nearby['location']['city'].to_s + ' ' + nearby['location']['state'].to_s + ' ' + nearby['location']['postalCode'].to_s %a{:href => '/venue/' + nearby['_id'].to_s} %image{:src => '' << gmap_url(nearby, {:height => 150, :width => 150, :zoom => 17}) }
Nearby Venues localhost:9393/venue/{id}
Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
Checkin In views/venue.haml %p %a.btn.btn-primary.btn-large{:href => '/venue/' + @venue['_id'].to_s + '/checkin'} Check In Here %p =@venue['stats']['usersCount'].ceil.to_s + ' users have checked in here ' + @venue['stats']['checkinsCount'].ceil.to_s + ' times' %p=user_times_at
You’ve been here def user_times_at helpers/milieu.rb if logged_in? times = 'You have checked in here ' if !@user.venues.nil? && !@user.venues[params[:_id]].nil? times << @user.venues[params[:_id]].to_s else times << '0' end times << ' times' else times = 'Please <a href='/login'>login</a> to join them.' end end
A Venue localhost:9393/venue/{id}
Deploying to Heroku
Installing the Dependencies gem install heroku Fetching: excon-0.14.3.gem (100%) Fetching: heroku-api-0.2.8.gem (100%) Fetching: netrc-0.7.5.gem (100%) Fetching: mime-types-1.19.gem (100%) Fetching: rest-client-1.6.7.gem (100%) Fetching: launchy-2.1.0.gem (100%) Fetching: rubyzip-0.9.9.gem (100%) Fetching: heroku-2.28.12.gem (100%) Successfully installed excon-0.14.3 Successfully installed heroku-api-0.2.8 Successfully installed netrc-0.7.5 Successfully installed mime-types-1.19 Successfully installed rest-client-1.6.7 Successfully installed launchy-2.1.0 Successfully installed rubyzip-0.9.9 Successfully installed heroku-2.28.12 8 gems installed
Signup for Heroku
Create app on Heroku heroku create app_name Enter your Heroku credentials. Email: Your_Email@Your_Domain.com Password (typing will be hidden): Found the following SSH public keys: 1) id_rsa.pub Which would you like to use with your Heroku account? 1 Uploading SSH public key /Users/steve/.ssh/id_rsa.pub... done Creating milieu... done, stack is cedar http://milieu.herokuapp.com/ | git@heroku.com:milieu.git Git remote heroku added
Pushing to Heroku git push heroku master Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '50.19.85.132' to the list of known hosts. Counting objects: 67, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (65/65), done. Writing objects: 100% (67/67), 206.04 KiB, done. Total 67 (delta 9), reused 0 (delta 0) -----> Heroku receiving push -----> Removing .DS_Store files -----> Ruby/Rack app detected -----> Installing dependencies using Bundler version 1.2.0.pre Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle -- binstubs bin/ --deployment Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/....... Installing bson (1.6.4) Installing bson_ext (1.6.4) with native extensions Installing googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Installing haml (3.1.4)
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/....... Pushing to Heroku Installing bson (1.6.4) Installing bson_ext (1.6.4) with native extensions Installing googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Installing haml (3.1.4) Installing mongo (1.6.4) Installing rack (1.4.1) Installing rack-protection (1.2.0) Installing shotgun (0.9) Installing tilt (1.3.3) Installing sinatra (1.3.2) Using bundler (1.2.0.pre) Your bundle is complete! It was installed into ./vendor/bundle Cleaning up the bundler cache. -----> Writing config/database.yml to read from DATABASE_URL -----> Discovering process types Procfile declares types -> (none) Default types for Ruby/Rack -> console, rake, web -----> Compiled slug size is 1.4MB -----> Launching... done, v3 http://milieu.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku To git@heroku.com:milieu.git * [new branch] master -> master
Adding MongoHQ/Lab heroku addons:add mongohq Adding mongohq to milieu... done, v4 (free) Use `heroku addons:docs mongohq` to view documentation
Adjusting Connection model/mongodb.rb if ENV['RACK_ENV'] == 'production' db = URI.parse(ENV['MONGOHQ_URL']) db_name = db.path.gsub(/^//, '') DB = Mongo::Connection.new( db.host, db.port).db(db_name) DB.authenticate(db.user, db.password) unless (db.user.nil? || db.user.nil?) else DB = Mongo::Connection.new( "localhost", 27017).db('milieu') end
Config MongoHQ/Lab heroku config === Config Vars for milieu GEM_PATH: vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1 LANG: en_US.UTF-8 MONGOHQ_URL: mongodb://heroku:3vw...xv12@staff.mongohq.com:100XX/ appXX PATH: bin:vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin RACK_ENV: production Password Port Username Server DB
Connecting to the shell mongo -u USER -p PASSWORD SERVER:PORT/DB_NAME
Importing the Venues mongoimport -u heroku -p PASSWORD -h staff.mongohq.com --port PORT -d DB_NAME -c venues venuesImport.json
Debugging heroku logs 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/mongo-1.6.4/lib/mongo/ connection.rb:420:in `connect': Failed to connect to a master node at localhost:27017 (Mongo::ConnectionFailure) 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/mongo-1.6.4/lib/ mongo/connection.rb:594:in `setup' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/mongo-1.6.4/lib/ mongo/connection.rb:130:in `initialize' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/model/mongodb.rb:5:in `new' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/model/mongodb.rb:5:in `<top (required)>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/app.rb:4:in `<top (required)>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:6:in `require' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/app.rb:4:in `require' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:6:in `block in <main>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:51:in `instance_eval' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:51:in `initialize' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:1:in `new' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:40:in `eval' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:1:in `<main>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:40:in `parse_file' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ server.rb:200:in `app'
Deploying new versions git push heroku Counting objects: 7, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done. Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 424 bytes, done. Total 4 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0) -----> Heroku receiving push -----> Removing .DS_Store files -----> Ruby/Rack app detected -----> Installing dependencies using Bundler version 1.2.0.pre Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle -- binstubs bin/ --deployment Using bson (1.6.4) Using bson_ext (1.6.4) Using googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Using haml (3.1.4) Using mongo (1.6.4) Using rack (1.4.1) Using rack-protection (1.2.0)
Using googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Deploying new versions Using haml (3.1.4) Using mongo (1.6.4) Using rack (1.4.1) Using rack-protection (1.2.0) Using shotgun (0.9) Using tilt (1.3.3) Using sinatra (1.3.2) Using bundler (1.2.0.pre) Your bundle is complete! It was installed into ./vendor/bundle Cleaning up the bundler cache. -----> Writing config/database.yml to read from DATABASE_URL -----> Discovering process types Procfile declares types -> (none) Default types for Ruby/Rack -> console, rake, web -----> Compiled slug size is 1.4MB -----> Launching... done, v6 http://milieu.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku To git@heroku.com:milieu.git 9d5d688..ad894be master -> master
Checkout your deployed app
Next ?
It’s all on
Programmin g Challenge
Some Ideas ‣Createdifferent user levels ‣Timestamped (admin) Checkins ‣Createinterface ‣Amore complete to add venues dashboard with stats ‣Connectto foursquare ‣Badgesor Categories ‣Login w/twitter
One More Thing...
http://spf13.com http://github.com/s @spf13 Question download at mongodb.org We’re hiring!! Contact us at jobs@10gen.com
OSCON 2012 MongoDB Tutorial

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OSCON 2012 MongoDB Tutorial

  • 1.
  • 2.
    Today’s Agenda MongoDB Intro MongoDBFundamentals Running MongoDB Building your first app Deploying your first app to Heroku
  • 3.
    @spf13 AKA Steve Francia 15+ years building the internet Father, husband, skateboarder Chief Solutions Architect @ responsible for drivers, integrations, web & docs
  • 4.
    Company behind MongoDB HQin NYC & Palo Alto, Offices in Sydney, London & Dublin Support, consulting, training
  • 5.
    Introduction to MongoD
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 10.
  • 11.
    1979 1994
  • 12.
    1979 1994 1995
  • 13.
    Computers in 1995 100mhz Pentium 10 base T 16 MB ram 200 MB HD
  • 14.
    Cloud in 1995 (Windows95 cloud wallpaper)
  • 15.
    Cell Phones in Quadcore 1.4Ghz 802.11n (300+ Mbps) 2 GB ram 64 GB Solid State
  • 16.
    The world isvastly different than the one the relational database was created for
  • 17.
    What do wewant in an ideal world?
  • 18.
    What do wewant in an ideal world?
  • 19.
    What do wewant in an ideal world? •Horizontal scaling •cloud compatible •works with standard servers
  • 20.
    What do wewant in an ideal world? •Horizontal scaling •cloud compatible •works with standard servers •Fast
  • 21.
    What do wewant in an ideal world? •Horizontal scaling •cloud compatible •works with standard servers •Fast •Easy Development •Features •The Right Data Model •Schema Agility
  • 22.
    MongoDB philosophy Keepfunctionality when we can (key/value stores are great, but we need more) Non-relational (no joins) makes scaling horizontally practical Document data models are good Database technology should run anywhere virtualized, cloud, metal, etc
  • 23.
    Under the hood Writtenin C++ Runs nearly everywhere Data serialized to BSON Extensive use of memory-mapped files i.e. read-through write-through memory caching.
  • 24.
    Database Scalability & Performance Memcached MongoDB RDBMS Depth of Functionality
  • 25.
    “ MongoDB has thebest features of key/value stores, document databases and relational databases in one. John Nunemaker
  • 26.
    Relational made normalized data look like this Category • Name • Url Article User • Name Tag • Name • Slug • Name • Email Address • Publish date • Url • Text Comment • Comment • Date • Author
  • 27.
    Document databases make normalizeddata look like this Article • Name • Slug • Publish date User • Text • Name • Author • Email Address Comment[] • Comment • Date • Author Tag[] • Value Category[] • Value
  • 28.
    But we’ve beenusing a relational database for 40 years!
  • 29.
    How do peoplestore documents in real life?
  • 30.
    Think about a doctorsoffice There’s two ways they could organize their files
  • 31.
    Each document type in it’s own drawer MRIs X-rays Lab Invoices Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 History Medications Lab Forms
  • 32.
    Each document type in it’s own drawer MRIs X-rays Lab Invoices Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 History Medications Lab Forms
  • 33.
    Each document type in it’s own drawer MRIs X-rays Lab Invoices Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 History Medications Lab Forms
  • 34.
    Group related records Patient 1 Patient 2 Patient 3 ... Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3
  • 35.
    Group related records Patient 1 Patient 3 ... Patient 2 Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3
  • 36.
    Databases work thesame way Relation Docum Patient 1 Vendor 1 Article Category • Name • Name • Slug • Url • Publish User date • Text • Name • Author • Email Address Article User Tag • Name Comment[] • Name • Name • Email • Slug • Url • Comment Address • Publish date • Date • Author Comment Tag[] • Comment • Value • Date • Author Category[] • Value
  • 37.
    Terminology RDBMS Mongo Table, View ➜ Collection Row ➜ Document Index ➜ Index Join ➜ Embedded Foreign Key ➜ Document Reference Partition ➜ Shard
  • 38.
  • 39.
    CMS / Blog Needs: •Business needed modern data store for rapid development and scale Solution: • Use PHP & MongoDB Results: • Real time statistics • All data, images, etc stored together easy access, easy deployment, easy high availability • No need for complex migrations • Enabled very rapid development and growth
  • 40.
    Photo Meta- Problem: • Businessneeded more flexibility than Oracle could deliver Solution: • Use MongoDB instead of Oracle Results: • Developed application in one sprint cycle • 500% cost reduction compared to Oracle • 900% performance improvement compared to Oracle
  • 41.
    Customer Analytics Problem: • Dealwith massive data volume across all customer sites Solution: • Use MongoDB to replace Google Analytics / Omniture options Results: • Less than one week to build prototype and prove business case • Rapid deployment of new features
  • 42.
    Archiving Why MongoDB: • Existingapplication built on MySQL • Lots of friction with RDBMS based archive storage • Needed more scalable archive storage backend Solution: • Keep MySQL for active data (100mil) • MongoDB for archive (2+ billion) Results: • No more alter table statements taking over 2 months to run • Sharding fixed vertical scale problem • Very happily looking at other places to use MongoDB
  • 43.
    Online Problem: • MySQL couldnot scale to handle their 5B+ documents Solution: • Switched from MySQL to MongoDB Results: • Massive simplification of code base • Eliminated need for external caching system • 20x performance improvement over MySQL
  • 44.
    E-commerce Problem: • Multi-vertical E-commerceimpossible to model (efficiently) in RDBMS Solution: • Switched from MySQL to MongoDB Results: • Massive simplification of code base • Rapidly build, halving time to market (and cost) • Eliminated need for external caching system • 50x+ performance improvement over MySQL
  • 45.
    Tons more MongoDB casts a wide net people keep coming up with new and brilliant ways to use it
  • 46.
    In Good and1000s more
  • 47.
  • 48.
    Start with an (or array, hash, dict, e place1 = { name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome" ] }
  • 49.
    Inserting the record Initial Data Load > db.places.insert(place1) > db.places.insert(place1)
  • 50.
    Querying > db.places.findOne({ zip:"10011", tags: "awesome" }) > db.places.find({tags: "business" }) { name : "10gen HQ", address : "134 5th Avenue 3rd Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome" ] }
  • 51.
    Nested Documents { _id: ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome" ], comments : [ { author : "Fred", date : "Sat Apr 25 2010 20:51:03", text : "Best Place Ever!" }] }
  • 52.
    Object ID > db.places.insert(place1) object(MongoId)#4(1) { ["$id"]=> string(24) "4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000" } 4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000 |------||----||--||----| ts mac pid inc
  • 53.
    Updating > db.places.update( {name : "10gen HQ"}, { $push : { comments : { author : "steve", date : 6/26/2012, text : "Office hours are great!" } } } )
  • 54.
    Atomic $set $unset $rename $push $pop $pull $addToSet $in
  • 55.
    Index nested documents //Index nested documents > db.posts.ensureIndex({ "comments.author":1 }) > db.posts.find({'comments.author':'Fred'}) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", comments : [ { author : "Fred", date : "Sat Apr 25 2010 20:51:03", text : "Best Place Ever!" }] }
  • 56.
    Regular Expressions // RegularExpressions > db.posts.find({'comments.author': /^Fr/}) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", comments : [ { author : "Fred", date : "Sat Apr 25 2010 20:51:03", text : "Best Place Ever!" }] }
  • 57.
    Index multiple values //Index on tags (multi-key index) > db.posts.ensureIndex({ tags: 1}) > db.posts.find( { tags: 'tech' } ) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", tags : [ "business", "awesome", "tech" ], }
  • 58.
    Geospatial // geospatial index >db.posts.ensureIndex({ "location": "2d" }) > db.posts.find({"location":{$near:[22,42]}}) { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), name : "10gen HQ", address : "578 Broadway 7th Floor", city : "New York", zip : "10011", location : [ 22, 42 ], }
  • 59.
    Cursors $cursor = $c->find(array("foo"=> "bar")); foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) { echo "$id: "; var_dump( $value ); } $a = iterator_to_array($cursor);
  • 60.
    Paging page_num = 3; results_per_page= 10; cursor = db.collection.find() .sort({ "ts" : -1 }) .skip((page_num - 1) * results_per_page) .limit(results_per_page);
  • 61.
  • 62.
    Fire up a mongo mongo mongod mongoexport mongoimport mongos mongostat mongo_console mongodump mongofiles mongorestore mongosniff mongotop
  • 63.
    Start Mongod mongod Note the d mongod --help for help and startup options Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=32237 port=27017 dbpath=/ data/db/ 64-bit host=Steves-MacBook-Air.local Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] db version v2.0.6, pdfile version 4.5 Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] git version: e1c0cbc25863f6356aa4e31375add7bb49fb05bc Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] build info: Darwin erh2.10gen.cc 9.8.0 Darwin Kernel Version 9.8.0: Wed Jul 15 16:55:01 PDT 2009; root:xnu-1228.15.4~1/RELEASE_I386 i386 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_40 Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] options: {} Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/db/journal Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [websvr] admin web console waiting for connections on port 28017 Thu Jul 12 23:19:49 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
  • 64.
    Download & Importthe venues curl -L http://j.mp/OSCONvenues | mongoimport -d milieu -c venues Database Collection wget http://c.spf13.com/OSCON/venuesImport.json mongoimport -d milieu -c venues venuesImport.json
  • 65.
    Start the Mongoshell mongo > help Note no d db.help() help on db methods db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods rs.help() help on replica set methods help admin administrative help help connect connecting to a db help help keys key shortcuts help misc misc things to know help mr mapreduce show dbs show database names show collections show collections in current database show users show users in current database show profile show most recent system.profile
  • 66.
    Let’s look atthe venues > use milieu Database switched to db milieu > db.venues.count() 50
  • 67.
    Let’s look atthe venues > db.venues.findOne() { "_id" : ObjectId("4ff73cb568840767e50d4e9c"), "location" : { "address" : "777 NE ML King Blvd.", "cc" : "US", "city" : "Portland", "country" : "United States", "distance" : 18, "geo" : [ -122.66293287277222, 45.52829837051139 ], "postalCode" : "97232", "state" : "OR" }, "name" : "Agent Reboot Portland", "stats" : { "checkinsCount" : 0, "usersCount" : 0 } }
  • 68.
    Creating a Geoindex > db.venues.ensureIndex({ 'location.geo' : '2d'}) > db.venues.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "ns" : "milieu.venues", "name" : "_id_" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "location.geo" : "2d" }, "ns" : "milieu.venues", "name" : "location.geo_" } ]
  • 69.
    Challenges Create a newDB & Collection Insert a new record into this collection ... with a nested field Insert another record Create an index (on a common field) Query on the field and confirm index used Update multiple records
  • 70.
  • 71.
    MongoDB Drivers Official Supportfor 12 languages Community drivers for tons more Drivers connect to mongo servers Drivers translate BSON into native types mongo shell is not a driver, but works like one in some ways
  • 72.
    Building an appin Ruby? Had to pick a language Sinatra is very minimal and approachable Wanted to focus on MongoDB interaction Ruby gems are awesome Works well on Windows, OS X & Linux Seemed like a good idea at the time
  • 73.
  • 74.
    1 st Ruby
  • 75.
    Everything is an object 1.class # => Fixnum 'a'.class # => String :z.class # => Symbol class Foo # => Class end Foo.class # => Foo Foo.new.class
  • 76.
    Structure def do_stuff(thing) Method thing.do_the_stuff end class TheThing Class def do_the_stuff puts "Stuff was done!" end end do_stuff(TheThing.new) Invocation
  • 77.
    Strings name = 'World' # => "World" "Hello, #{name}" # => "Hello, World" 'Hello, #{name}' # => "Hello, #{name}"
  • 78.
    Numbers 1 + 1 # => 2 1 + 1.1 # => 2.1 6 * 7 # => 42 6 ** 7 # => 279936 Math.sqrt(65536) # => 256.0 1.class # => Fixnum (2 ** 42).class # => Fixnum (2 ** 64).class # => Bignum 1.1.class # => Float
  • 79.
    Arrays Array.new # => [] Array.new(3) # => [nil, nil, nil] [] # => [] a = [1,2,3] # => [1, 2, 3] a[0] = 'one' # => "one" a # => ["one", 2, 3] a[-1] # => 3 a[1..2] # => [2, 3]
  • 80.
    Hashes Hash.new # => {} {} # => {} h = {1 => "one", 2 => "two"} h[1] # => "one" h["1"] # => nil h[:one] = "einz" # => "einz" h[:one] # => "einz" h.keys # => [1, 2, :one] h.values # => ["one", "two", "einz"]
  • 81.
    Variables & Names CamelCased # Classes, modules with_underscores # methods, local variables @instance_variable @@class_variable $GLOBAL_VARIABLE
  • 82.
    Control Structures if condition # ... elsif other_condition # ... end unless condition # ... end while # ... end
  • 84.
    Sinatra is... not Rails nota framework a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby with minimal effort
  • 85.
    Hello World # myapp.rb require 'sinatra' get '/' do 'Hello world!' end
  • 86.
    HTTP Actions In Sinatra, a route is an HTTP method paired with a URL-matching pattern. Each route is associated with a block: get '/' do .. show something .. end post '/' do .. create something .. end put '/' do .. replace something .. end delete '/' do .. annihilate something .. end
  • 87.
    Routes Routesare matched in the order they are defined. The first route that matches the request is invoked. Route patterns may include named parameters, accessible via the params hash: get '/hello/:name' do # matches "GET /hello/foo" and "GET /hello/bar" # params[:name] is 'foo' or 'bar' "Hello #{params[:name]}!" end #You can also access named parameters via block parameters: get '/hello/:name' do |n| "Hello #{n}!" end
  • 88.
    Splat Routepatterns may also include splat (or wildcard) parameters, accessible via the params[:splat] array: get '/say/*/to/*' do # matches /say/hello/to/world params[:splat] # => ["hello", "world"] end get '/download/*.*' do # matches /download/path/to/file.xml params[:splat] # => ["path/to/file", "xml"] end
  • 89.
  • 90.
    Start with askeleton /Users/steve/Code/milieu/app/ layout.haml* ▸ config/ login.haml* ▸ helpers/ navbar.haml* ▾ model/ register.haml* mongodb.rb user_dashboard.haml* mongoModule.rb user_profile.haml* user.rb venue.haml* ▾ public/ venues.haml* ▸ bootstrap/ app.rb* ▾ css/ config.ru* styles.css* Gemfile* ▸ images/ Gemfile.lock* ▾ views/ Rakefile* footer.haml* README* index.haml*
  • 91.
    Download & Installdeps mkdir milieu cd milieu wget http://c.spf13.com/OSCON/gettingStarted.tgz tar zxvf gettingStarted.tgz cd app bundle install Using bson (1.6.4) Using bson_ext (1.6.4) Using googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Using haml (3.1.4) Using mongo (1.6.4) Using rack (1.4.1) Using rack-protection (1.2.0) Using shotgun (0.9) Using tilt (1.3.3) Using sinatra (1.3.2) Using bundler (1.1.4) Your bundle is complete! Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
  • 92.
    Run app shotgun == Shotgun/WEBrick on http://127.0.0.1:9393/ [2012-07-14 11:37:34] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 [2012-07-14 11:37:34] INFO ruby 1.9.3 (2012-04-20) [x86_64- darwin11.4.0] [2012-07-14 11:37:34] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=42185 port=9393
  • 93.
    Open Browser tolocalhost: 9393
  • 94.
    Connecting to MongoDB model/mongodb.rb require 'mongo' require './model/mongoModule' require './model/user' CONNECTION = Mongo::Connection.new("localhost") DB = CONNECTION.db('milieu') USERS = DB['users'] VENUES = DB['venues'] CHECKINS = DB['checkins']
  • 95.
    Listing Venues app.rb get '/venues' do @venues = VENUES.find haml :venues end
  • 96.
    Listing Venues .container .content views/venues.haml %h2 Venues %table.table.table-striped %thead %tr %th Name %th Address %th Longitude %th Latitude %tbody ~@venues.each do |venue| %tr %td %a{:href => '/venue/' << venue['_id'].to_s}= venue['name'] %td= venue['location']['address'] ? venue['location']['address'] : '&nbsp' %td= venue['location']['geo'][0].round(2) %td= venue['location']['geo'][1].round(2)
  • 97.
    Listing Venues localhost:9393/venues
  • 98.
    Paginating Venues app.rb get '/venues/?:page?' do @page = params.fetch('page', 1).to_i pp = 10 @venues = VENUES.find.skip( ( @page - 1 ) * pp).limit(pp) @total_pages = (VENUES.count.to_i / pp).ceil haml :venues end
  • 99.
    Listing Venues localhost:9393/venues
  • 100.
    Creating Users Users area bit special in our app Not just data Special considerations for secure password handling Not complicated on MongoDB side, but slightly complicated on Ruby side
  • 101.
    Creating Users class User model/user.rb attr_accessor :_id, :name, :email, :email_hash, :salt, :hashed_password, :collection, :updated_at def initialize self.collection = 'users' end def password=(pass) self.salt = random_string(10) unless self.salt self.hashed_password = User.encrypt(pass, self.salt) end def save col = DB[self.collection] self.updated_at = Time.now col.save(self.to_hash) end end
  • 102.
    Creating Users post '/register' do app.rb u = User.new u.email = params[:email] u.password = params[:password] u.name = params[:name] if u.save() flash("User created") session[:user] = User.auth( params["email"], params["password"]) redirect '/user/' << session[:user].email.to_s << "/dashboard" else tmp = [] u.errors.each do |e| tmp << (e.join("<br/>")) end flash(tmp) redirect '/create' end end
  • 103.
    Logging in configure do app.rb enable :sessions end before do unless session[:user] == nil @suser = session[:user] end end get '/user/:email/dashboard' do haml :user_dashboard end
  • 104.
    User Dashboard .container views/user_dashboard.haml .content .page-header -unless @suser == nil? %h2="Dashboard" %br %image{src: "http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" << @suser.email_hash.to_s << '.png'} %h3= @suser.name.to_s -else redirect '/' %small %a{href: "/user/" << @suser.email.to_s << "/profile"} profile .container#main-topic-nav
  • 105.
    Dashboard localhost:9393/dashboard
  • 106.
    Showing a Venue app.rb get '/venue/:_id' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one( { :_id => object_id }) haml :venue end
  • 107.
    Showing a Venue .row-fluid views/venue.haml .span4 %h2= @venue['name'].to_s %p =@venue['location']['address'].to_s %br= @venue['location']['city'].to_s + ' ' + @venue['location']['state'].to_s + ' ' + @venue['location']['postalCode'].to_s .span8 %image{:src => '' << gmap_url(@venue, {:height => 300, :width => 450}) }
  • 108.
    A Venue localhost:9393/venue/{id}
  • 109.
    Nearby Venues app.rb get '/venue/:_id' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) @nearby_venues = VENUES.find( { :'location.geo' => { :$near => [ @venue['location']['geo'][0], @venue['location']['geo'][1]] } }).limit(4).skip(1) haml :venue end
  • 110.
    Listing Nearby Venues ... views/venue.haml .row-fluid - @nearby_venues.each do |nearby| .span3 %h2 %a{:href => '/venue/' + nearby['_id'].to_s}= nearby['name'].to_s %p =nearby['location']['address'].to_s %br= nearby['location']['city'].to_s + ' ' + nearby['location']['state'].to_s + ' ' + nearby['location']['postalCode'].to_s %a{:href => '/venue/' + nearby['_id'].to_s} %image{:src => '' << gmap_url(nearby, {:height => 150, :width => 150, :zoom => 17}) }
  • 111.
    Nearby Venues localhost:9393/venue/{id}
  • 112.
    Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
  • 113.
    Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
  • 114.
    Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
  • 115.
    Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
  • 116.
    Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
  • 117.
    Checking in app.rb get '/venue/:_id/checkin' do object_id = BSON::ObjectId.from_string(params[:_id]) @venue = VENUES.find_one({ :_id => object_id }) user = USERS.find_and_modify(:query => { :_id => @suser._id}, :update => {:$inc => { "venues." << object_id.to_s => 1 } }, :new => 1) if user['venues'][params[:_id]] == 1 VENUES.update({ :_id => @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.usersCount' => 1, :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) else VENUES.update({ _id: @venue['_id']}, { :$inc => { :'stats.checkinsCount' => 1}}) end flash('Thanks for checking in') redirect '/venue/' + params[:_id] end
  • 118.
    Checkin In views/venue.haml %p %a.btn.btn-primary.btn-large{:href => '/venue/' + @venue['_id'].to_s + '/checkin'} Check In Here %p =@venue['stats']['usersCount'].ceil.to_s + ' users have checked in here ' + @venue['stats']['checkinsCount'].ceil.to_s + ' times' %p=user_times_at
  • 119.
    You’ve been here def user_times_at helpers/milieu.rb if logged_in? times = 'You have checked in here ' if !@user.venues.nil? && !@user.venues[params[:_id]].nil? times << @user.venues[params[:_id]].to_s else times << '0' end times << ' times' else times = 'Please <a href='/login'>login</a> to join them.' end end
  • 120.
    A Venue localhost:9393/venue/{id}
  • 121.
  • 122.
    Installing the Dependencies gem install heroku Fetching: excon-0.14.3.gem (100%) Fetching: heroku-api-0.2.8.gem (100%) Fetching: netrc-0.7.5.gem (100%) Fetching: mime-types-1.19.gem (100%) Fetching: rest-client-1.6.7.gem (100%) Fetching: launchy-2.1.0.gem (100%) Fetching: rubyzip-0.9.9.gem (100%) Fetching: heroku-2.28.12.gem (100%) Successfully installed excon-0.14.3 Successfully installed heroku-api-0.2.8 Successfully installed netrc-0.7.5 Successfully installed mime-types-1.19 Successfully installed rest-client-1.6.7 Successfully installed launchy-2.1.0 Successfully installed rubyzip-0.9.9 Successfully installed heroku-2.28.12 8 gems installed
  • 123.
  • 124.
    Create app onHeroku heroku create app_name Enter your Heroku credentials. Email: Your_Email@Your_Domain.com Password (typing will be hidden): Found the following SSH public keys: 1) id_rsa.pub Which would you like to use with your Heroku account? 1 Uploading SSH public key /Users/steve/.ssh/id_rsa.pub... done Creating milieu... done, stack is cedar http://milieu.herokuapp.com/ | git@heroku.com:milieu.git Git remote heroku added
  • 125.
    Pushing to Heroku git push heroku master Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '50.19.85.132' to the list of known hosts. Counting objects: 67, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (65/65), done. Writing objects: 100% (67/67), 206.04 KiB, done. Total 67 (delta 9), reused 0 (delta 0) -----> Heroku receiving push -----> Removing .DS_Store files -----> Ruby/Rack app detected -----> Installing dependencies using Bundler version 1.2.0.pre Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle -- binstubs bin/ --deployment Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/....... Installing bson (1.6.4) Installing bson_ext (1.6.4) with native extensions Installing googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Installing haml (3.1.4)
  • 126.
    Fetching gem metadatafrom http://rubygems.org/....... Pushing to Heroku Installing bson (1.6.4) Installing bson_ext (1.6.4) with native extensions Installing googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Installing haml (3.1.4) Installing mongo (1.6.4) Installing rack (1.4.1) Installing rack-protection (1.2.0) Installing shotgun (0.9) Installing tilt (1.3.3) Installing sinatra (1.3.2) Using bundler (1.2.0.pre) Your bundle is complete! It was installed into ./vendor/bundle Cleaning up the bundler cache. -----> Writing config/database.yml to read from DATABASE_URL -----> Discovering process types Procfile declares types -> (none) Default types for Ruby/Rack -> console, rake, web -----> Compiled slug size is 1.4MB -----> Launching... done, v3 http://milieu.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku To git@heroku.com:milieu.git * [new branch] master -> master
  • 127.
    Adding MongoHQ/Lab heroku addons:add mongohq Adding mongohq to milieu... done, v4 (free) Use `heroku addons:docs mongohq` to view documentation
  • 128.
    Adjusting Connection model/mongodb.rb if ENV['RACK_ENV'] == 'production' db = URI.parse(ENV['MONGOHQ_URL']) db_name = db.path.gsub(/^//, '') DB = Mongo::Connection.new( db.host, db.port).db(db_name) DB.authenticate(db.user, db.password) unless (db.user.nil? || db.user.nil?) else DB = Mongo::Connection.new( "localhost", 27017).db('milieu') end
  • 129.
    Config MongoHQ/Lab heroku config === Config Vars for milieu GEM_PATH: vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1 LANG: en_US.UTF-8 MONGOHQ_URL: mongodb://heroku:3vw...xv12@staff.mongohq.com:100XX/ appXX PATH: bin:vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin RACK_ENV: production Password Port Username Server DB
  • 130.
    Connecting to theshell mongo -u USER -p PASSWORD SERVER:PORT/DB_NAME
  • 131.
    Importing the Venues mongoimport -u heroku -p PASSWORD -h staff.mongohq.com --port PORT -d DB_NAME -c venues venuesImport.json
  • 132.
    Debugging heroku logs 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/mongo-1.6.4/lib/mongo/ connection.rb:420:in `connect': Failed to connect to a master node at localhost:27017 (Mongo::ConnectionFailure) 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/mongo-1.6.4/lib/ mongo/connection.rb:594:in `setup' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/mongo-1.6.4/lib/ mongo/connection.rb:130:in `initialize' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/model/mongodb.rb:5:in `new' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/model/mongodb.rb:5:in `<top (required)>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/app.rb:4:in `<top (required)>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:6:in `require' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/app.rb:4:in `require' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:6:in `block in <main>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:51:in `instance_eval' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:51:in `initialize' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:1:in `new' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:40:in `eval' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config.ru:1:in `<main>' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ builder.rb:40:in `parse_file' 2012-07-14T03:24:31+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/ server.rb:200:in `app'
  • 133.
    Deploying new versions git push heroku Counting objects: 7, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done. Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 424 bytes, done. Total 4 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0) -----> Heroku receiving push -----> Removing .DS_Store files -----> Ruby/Rack app detected -----> Installing dependencies using Bundler version 1.2.0.pre Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle -- binstubs bin/ --deployment Using bson (1.6.4) Using bson_ext (1.6.4) Using googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Using haml (3.1.4) Using mongo (1.6.4) Using rack (1.4.1) Using rack-protection (1.2.0)
  • 134.
    Using googlestaticmap (1.1.3) Deployingnew versions Using haml (3.1.4) Using mongo (1.6.4) Using rack (1.4.1) Using rack-protection (1.2.0) Using shotgun (0.9) Using tilt (1.3.3) Using sinatra (1.3.2) Using bundler (1.2.0.pre) Your bundle is complete! It was installed into ./vendor/bundle Cleaning up the bundler cache. -----> Writing config/database.yml to read from DATABASE_URL -----> Discovering process types Procfile declares types -> (none) Default types for Ruby/Rack -> console, rake, web -----> Compiled slug size is 1.4MB -----> Launching... done, v6 http://milieu.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku To git@heroku.com:milieu.git 9d5d688..ad894be master -> master
  • 135.
  • 136.
  • 137.
  • 138.
    Programmin g Challenge
  • 139.
    Some Ideas ‣Createdifferent user levels ‣Timestamped (admin) Checkins ‣Createinterface ‣Amore complete to add venues dashboard with stats ‣Connectto foursquare ‣Badgesor Categories ‣Login w/twitter
  • 141.
  • 142.
    http://spf13.com http://github.com/s @spf13 Question download at mongodb.org We’re hiring!! Contact us at jobs@10gen.com

Editor's Notes