OS16 - 3.3.c Defining the Spatio-Temporal Scale of FMD Virus Lineages Emergence in the Middle East Region - A. Di Nardo
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OS16 - Open Session 2016 Cascais, Portugal 26 - 28 /10/2016 EuFMD Sessions\Open Session\Archive-2018\Open 2016 Cascais- Portugal\PPT presentations\
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OS16 - 3.3.c Defining the Spatio-Temporal Scale of FMD Virus Lineages Emergence in the Middle East Region - A. Di Nardo
- 1. Defining the Spatio-Temporal Scale of FMDV Lineages Emergence and Spread in the Middle East Region Antonello Di Nardo The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
- 2. Rationale ü FMD endemic and widespread in ruminant populations ü ‘Mixing vessel’ ecosystem for introducing new FMDV variants to • Central Asia • Far East • West Eurasia ü Emergence of FMDV strains as ‘waves of infections’ • Serotype A - A22, Iran-96, Iran-99, Iran-05 • Serotype O - PanAsia, PanAsia2 • Serotype Asia1 - Sindh-08 ü Geographical clustering coupled with an increased genetic diversity of evolving FMDV sub-lineages The Middle East region is characterised by a constantly evolving FMD epidemiological status
- 3. Study Aims 1. How FMDV lineages were generated and moved across the Middle East region within the last 10 years 2. What evolutionary pressure FMDV exhibits at geographical leve 3. Which evolutionary competition acts at serotype level To investigate retrospectively:
- 4. Materials and Methods VP1 Coding Sequences • O/PanAsia2 (n=1210) • A/Iran-05 (n=772) • Asia1/Sindh-08 (n=196) Phylogeography Analysis • Reconstruction based on discrete states (country)
- 5. Part 1 Evolutionary Trend in Space and Time
- 9. Part 2 Evolutionary Pressure in Geographical Populations
- 10. O/PanAsia2 A/Iran05 Asia 1 FMDV Persistence TUR TURTUR AFG AFG AFG IRN IRN IRN PAK PAKPAK TUR TUR TUR AFG IRN PAK PAK IRN IRN PAK AFG Persistence = The elapsed time it takes for a lineage to move out of a country
- 11. Part 3 Competing FMDV Lineages
- 12. FMDV Waves Pakistan Turkey A/Iran-05 O/PanAsia2 Asia1/Sind-08
- 13. Discussion ü FMDV geographical range and evolutionary clusters • Clear trend of FMDV spread in a westerly direction • Highly resolved ecosystem • Sampling bias ü FMDV evolutionary pressure at population level • Accrual of genetic diversity at local level ü Evolutionary waves of FMDV activity • Continuous emergence and dying out of FMDV lineages • Lineages move with livestock and might be affected by pre-existing immunity ü Use retrospective data to inform predictive evolutionary model
- 14. www.pirbright.ac.ukThe Pirbright Institute receives strategic funding from BBSRC. Acknowledgement s The Pirbright Institute • Nick Knowles • Kasia Bachanek-Bankowska • Jemma Wadsworth • Luca Ferretti • Donald King OIE/FAO WRLFMD Lab Network Countries submitting samples to WRLFMD