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Organic Beekeeping
Grant Gillard
gillard5 @ charter . net
www . slideshare . net
www . grantgillard . weebly . com
“Organic Beekeeping”
https://www.createspace.com/5273543
At the farmer’s market…
“Is your honey organic?”
What are they really asking?
How do you answer?
Why do they want to know?
What’s at stake here?
What’s at stake?
How we treat our bees and the
integrity of how our honey is
produced.
Consumer confidence that they are
buying a wholesome, pure product.
The health of the hive
 Synthetic chemicals
 “Killing a bug on a bug”
 Sub-lethal residues left behind in wax
 Increased resistance in the bugs
 Requires greater potency and stronger
toxicity
 The “treadmill” effect
Integrity of the product
 Residues showing up in honey
 Label directions and restrictions ignored
 Use and abuse of legal products
 “Kitchen Sink” concoctions and “off-label”
treatments
 Treatments when honey supers are on
General Principles
Nothing poisonous goes into the hive
Minimal intrusion
No residues that accumulate
Minimal disruption
Health of the hive first and foremost
Honey production distant second
Million Dollar Questions
“What does it mean to be organic?”
“On what basis can I claim
my honey is organic?”
Reality
 USDA - Organic Foods Production Act of 1990
 In 2002 – rules that define and regulate the
 production
 handling
 labeling and
 marketing of organic products
 Maintain a list of allowed and prohibited
substances (subject to change)
 Offer certification (not required)
Certification
 Three-year transition period
 Extensive record keeping
 On-farm inspections
 Accountability
 Third-party verification (if one can be
found) **inconsistencies between agencies
 Very expensive and time consuming
Face to face marketing
“It’s more important to tell people
what I do and don’t do,
rather than being certified.”
Know your beekeeper
Know what you’re buying
Know where you honey comes from
$100,000 Dilemma
Because the definition of “organic” is
now sanctioned solely by the USDA,
no one may simply claim
they are “organic.”
Certified Naturally Grown
 www.cngfarming.org
 “Grass roots alternative to certified organic”
 Simpler to administer, less cumbersome
 Less expensive
 “Peer” driven (CNG farmers, extension personnel)
 subject to random pesticide residue testing
Pioneers in the field
Dee Lusby
Michael Bush
Sam Comfort (emphasis on top bar hives)
Solomon Parker (more Treatment-Free)
“Organic Beekeeping” Facebook page
Organic Beekeepers Conference
Understanding the Basics
“Organic” is
 A philosophy
 A management plan
 A practice
 A long-term, wholistic unity
“Strength (production) from within”
Organic Baseball
Writing organically
Organics
Originates in nature
Was once a living organism, plant or
animal
Perceived as “safe”
Not a synthetic product
Not something “chemical”
Organics
Bigger picture
Larger scope
Integration of principles
“Feed the soil, not the plant.”
Organic
Beekeeping
Organic
Beekeeping
Treatment-Free
Beekeeping
Organic
Beekeeping
Treatment-Free
Beekeeping
Natural, or
Chemical-Free
Beekeeping
Organic
Beekeeping
Treatment-Free
Beekeeping
Natural, or
Chemical-Free
Beekeeping Synthetic
Chemical
Treatments
The environment
 Apiary location critical
 Bees fly up to 2 miles to forage, but focus
on the closest source
 You cannot control where the bees fly
 You cannot control what your neighbor
plants or sprays
Draw a map
 One is required for every apiary location
 Inner circle = a radius of 1.8 miles (3 km)
 Forage Zone
 6,511 acres
 Outer circle = a radius of 2.2 miles (3.4
km)
 Surveillance Zone
 3,215 additional acres
Su
Forage Zone
Organic
Production
Surveillance
Zone
Not necessarily
organic, but may
not pose a threat
to the organic
practices in the
Forage Zone
Inventory land use and inputs
 Past three years
 Must be organic in Forage Zone
 Every farmer must comply to organic
standards
☻
☻
‫ס‬
‫ס‬
Hive Bodies
 Non-synthetic materials (wood)
 No BEE-MAX polystyrene hives
 Old fashioned Kelley plastic components
 No pressure-treated wood
Exterior finish
 Paint is paint, once dry
 Kelley ECO Wood Treatment
 New products every year
 Cedar Shield www.cedarsiders.com
 Non-toxic, wood stabilizer
 Wood can be painted
Frames and Foundation
 Wood frames
 Commercial foundation, residues
 Plastic foundation, dipped in organic
beeswax
 Foundationless frames, bees draw out their
own cell size (you get a lot of drone cells)
 Small cell (but need to regress)
Organic Bees Wax
 Bees are “flying brooms,” electrostatically
charged.
 Wax was contaminated
 Question: was “organic” wax more
contaminated than commercial
foundation?
Acquiring Bees
 Personally, I love feral stock
 “free” bees through swarm trapping
 NOP = don’t care where you get them
 Purchased bees must be transitioned for
one year under organic protocols
 Splits – ready to go
 Or buy from an organic producer
Mite treatments
 Bees must be treated
 “Bond” method or neglect not allowed
 Treatments allowed, provided the
treatment is not synthetic, and
 Not prohibited under section 205.604,
and
 Are allowed under section 205.603
 Formic acid recently approved
Harvesting
 Bee repellants not allowed
 Honey robber
 Bee-go
 New products made from essential oils not
approved, but things take a long time to
reach the National List
Feeding
 Honey bees may not be allowed to starve
 Sugar syrup must be made from organic
sugar
Record Keeping
 The corner stone to moving ahead with
organic beekeeping
 Organic production may not be mingled
with non-organic production
If I want to go organic….
 If you gross over $5,000 per year
 Start by writing an organic systems plan
(OSP) to tell how you will follow the
regulations. Think of it as a conventional
“business plan.”
 Keep records for three years to
demonstrate you are following the
regulations.

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Organic beekeeping

  • 1. Organic Beekeeping Grant Gillard gillard5 @ charter . net www . slideshare . net www . grantgillard . weebly . com “Organic Beekeeping” https://www.createspace.com/5273543
  • 2.
  • 3. At the farmer’s market… “Is your honey organic?” What are they really asking? How do you answer? Why do they want to know? What’s at stake here?
  • 4. What’s at stake? How we treat our bees and the integrity of how our honey is produced. Consumer confidence that they are buying a wholesome, pure product.
  • 5. The health of the hive  Synthetic chemicals  “Killing a bug on a bug”  Sub-lethal residues left behind in wax  Increased resistance in the bugs  Requires greater potency and stronger toxicity  The “treadmill” effect
  • 6. Integrity of the product  Residues showing up in honey  Label directions and restrictions ignored  Use and abuse of legal products  “Kitchen Sink” concoctions and “off-label” treatments  Treatments when honey supers are on
  • 7. General Principles Nothing poisonous goes into the hive Minimal intrusion No residues that accumulate Minimal disruption Health of the hive first and foremost Honey production distant second
  • 8. Million Dollar Questions “What does it mean to be organic?” “On what basis can I claim my honey is organic?”
  • 9. Reality  USDA - Organic Foods Production Act of 1990  In 2002 – rules that define and regulate the  production  handling  labeling and  marketing of organic products  Maintain a list of allowed and prohibited substances (subject to change)  Offer certification (not required)
  • 10. Certification  Three-year transition period  Extensive record keeping  On-farm inspections  Accountability  Third-party verification (if one can be found) **inconsistencies between agencies  Very expensive and time consuming
  • 11. Face to face marketing “It’s more important to tell people what I do and don’t do, rather than being certified.” Know your beekeeper Know what you’re buying Know where you honey comes from
  • 12. $100,000 Dilemma Because the definition of “organic” is now sanctioned solely by the USDA, no one may simply claim they are “organic.”
  • 13. Certified Naturally Grown  www.cngfarming.org  “Grass roots alternative to certified organic”  Simpler to administer, less cumbersome  Less expensive  “Peer” driven (CNG farmers, extension personnel)  subject to random pesticide residue testing
  • 14. Pioneers in the field Dee Lusby Michael Bush Sam Comfort (emphasis on top bar hives) Solomon Parker (more Treatment-Free) “Organic Beekeeping” Facebook page Organic Beekeepers Conference
  • 15. Understanding the Basics “Organic” is  A philosophy  A management plan  A practice  A long-term, wholistic unity “Strength (production) from within”
  • 18. Organics Originates in nature Was once a living organism, plant or animal Perceived as “safe” Not a synthetic product Not something “chemical”
  • 19. Organics Bigger picture Larger scope Integration of principles “Feed the soil, not the plant.”
  • 24. The environment  Apiary location critical  Bees fly up to 2 miles to forage, but focus on the closest source  You cannot control where the bees fly  You cannot control what your neighbor plants or sprays
  • 25. Draw a map  One is required for every apiary location  Inner circle = a radius of 1.8 miles (3 km)  Forage Zone  6,511 acres  Outer circle = a radius of 2.2 miles (3.4 km)  Surveillance Zone  3,215 additional acres
  • 26. Su Forage Zone Organic Production Surveillance Zone Not necessarily organic, but may not pose a threat to the organic practices in the Forage Zone
  • 27. Inventory land use and inputs  Past three years  Must be organic in Forage Zone  Every farmer must comply to organic standards
  • 28.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Hive Bodies  Non-synthetic materials (wood)  No BEE-MAX polystyrene hives  Old fashioned Kelley plastic components  No pressure-treated wood
  • 33. Exterior finish  Paint is paint, once dry  Kelley ECO Wood Treatment  New products every year  Cedar Shield www.cedarsiders.com  Non-toxic, wood stabilizer  Wood can be painted
  • 34. Frames and Foundation  Wood frames  Commercial foundation, residues  Plastic foundation, dipped in organic beeswax  Foundationless frames, bees draw out their own cell size (you get a lot of drone cells)  Small cell (but need to regress)
  • 35. Organic Bees Wax  Bees are “flying brooms,” electrostatically charged.  Wax was contaminated  Question: was “organic” wax more contaminated than commercial foundation?
  • 36. Acquiring Bees  Personally, I love feral stock  “free” bees through swarm trapping  NOP = don’t care where you get them  Purchased bees must be transitioned for one year under organic protocols  Splits – ready to go  Or buy from an organic producer
  • 37. Mite treatments  Bees must be treated  “Bond” method or neglect not allowed  Treatments allowed, provided the treatment is not synthetic, and  Not prohibited under section 205.604, and  Are allowed under section 205.603  Formic acid recently approved
  • 38. Harvesting  Bee repellants not allowed  Honey robber  Bee-go  New products made from essential oils not approved, but things take a long time to reach the National List
  • 39. Feeding  Honey bees may not be allowed to starve  Sugar syrup must be made from organic sugar
  • 40. Record Keeping  The corner stone to moving ahead with organic beekeeping  Organic production may not be mingled with non-organic production
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47. If I want to go organic….  If you gross over $5,000 per year  Start by writing an organic systems plan (OSP) to tell how you will follow the regulations. Think of it as a conventional “business plan.”  Keep records for three years to demonstrate you are following the regulations.