Orf infection is a contagious disease caused by a parapox virus, primarily impacting sheep and goats, and occasionally humans and dogs. Diagnosis methods include clinical signs, fluorescent antibody technique, and PCR, with treatment involving vaccines and antiseptics. Preventive measures focus on awareness, quarantine of new animals, and vaccination programs to control the spread of the virus.

1. Orf
Infection
Presented by:
Md. Mostafigur Rahman Khan
ID: 1506026

2. What is Orf infection?
Orf is an exanthemous disease caused by a parapox
virus and occurring primarily in sheep and goats.
It is also known as contagious pustular dermatitis,
infectious labial dermatitis, ecthyma contagiosum,
thistle disease and scabby mouth.

3. Morphological characters
1. Ovoid in shape.
2. Have criss-cross patterned tubule-like
structure.
3. Double-stranded DNA.
4. DNA weight per particle is 2.85 × 10−16
g.
5. Molecular weight of 171 × 106 per
particle.
6. The dry weight of Orf is 3.69 × 10−15 g.
7. The nitrogen content is 14.77% of the
dry weight.
Fig: Orf virus

4. Genome organization
Fig: Genome organization of Orf virus.

5. Host range
The Orf virus affects sheep, goats, alpacas, camels,
reindeer, big horn sheep, Sichuan takin, domestic
Shetland sheep, deer, prong horn antelope, wapiti,
Japanese serow, black buck, cats and seal squirrels.
Humans are occasionally affected and dog can
contract infection from consumption of Orf-
contaminated carcasses.

6. Diagnosis
i. Clinical signs
ii. Fluorescent Antibody Technique (FAT)
iii. Pock Reduction Assay
iv. PCR and
v. ELIZA.
Use of electron microscope is a rapid diagnostic method
however, PCR assay is most convenient.

7. Treatment
Use of autogenous vaccine.
Use of analgesic and anti-pyretic.
Topical application of antiseptics.
Single application of 3% iodine.
Fly repellents or larvicides should be applied.
Treated with autohemotherapy.

8. Control
Quarantine of new animals before mixing.
Sick animals should be separated.
People should avoid consumption of milk from
infected animals.
Animal handlers should wear gloves and facemasks.
Proper handling of all contaminated materials.
Migration of animals should be prohibited.

9. Prevention
Farmers should be awared.
Lower stocking rates and outdoor lambing.
Vaccination of the herd.
Vaccinated animals should be kept separate.
Sheds should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected.

10. Conclusion
As Contagious ecthyma is an acute, highly contagious
and economically important zoonotic viral disease so
we should concern about this.