1. The order of operations, PEMDAS, stands for parentheses, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction and must be followed from left to right. 2. Parentheses contain expressions that are evaluated first, such as (4-3) in the example 2+5(4-3)+1. 3. Exponents indicate multiplication of a base number by itself, such as 32 = 3 x 3. 4. The document provides examples of performing multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction according to the proper order of operations.