Taxonomy of commercially important fin fishes of the family of the order of cypriniformes

1. Topic:- Taxonomy of commercially
important fin fishes of the family of the
orders of cypriniformes
WELCOME

2. ORDER :
CYPRINIFORMES
Cypriniformes is an enormously successful group of freshwater
fishes. This order contains 3000 or so species, divided into
main three lines of development- the characins-piranhas and
their relatives- from Central to South American and Africa; the
electric eels from tropical and subtropical Central and South
America; and, finally the carps and their allies of the family
Cyprinidae which gave the order its name. With about 1600
species, the carp family is the largest of all fish families. The
members occur in North America, Africa, Europe and Asia .
This order contains 2422 species.

3.  Body oblong , compressed , with small and large scale.
 mouth usually protectile and always toothless.
 Barbers may be present or absent.
 Adipose fin usually absent with exception in some
cobitids.
 Body of cyprinoid fish covered with cycloid scales and
head usually scales less.
 Pelvic fins abdominal and weberian apparatus present.
 3 branchiostegal rays and members are oviparous.

4. FAMILIES OF
CYPRINIFORMES
Cyprinidae (carps and minnows)
Parapsilorhynchidae
Psilorhynchidae
Balitoridae (Loaches)
Cobitidae (Loaches)

5. CYPRINIDAE (CARPS
AND MINNOWS)
The Cyprinidae are the family of freshwater fishes,
collectively called cyprinids, that includes the carps, the
true minnows, and their relatives (for example,
the barbs and barbels). Also commonly called the "carp
family", or "minnow family", Cyprinidae is the largest and
most diverse fish family and the largest vertebrate
animal family in general, with about 3,000 species of
which only 1,270 remain extant, divided into about
370 genera.

6. • Body compressed; rounded abdomen or with a sharp edge.
• Terminal to inferior mouth and always toothless, head scales
less.
• Barbels present or absent, wide gill opening.
• 3 branchiostegal rays. Belly usually rounded and without any
scuits.
• Jaws with no teeth but having strong pharyngeal teeth (key
character of carps).
• Barbels one or two pairs.
• No adipose dorsal fin.
• Lateral line complete or incomplete.

7. • Air bladder usually larger and divided into anterior and
posterior chamber not surrounded by a bony capsule.
• Most juveniles and adults feeds on bottom animals,
some are herbivores and feed either on phytoplankton
or detritus and a few even feed on higher plants.
• It generally spawn in April to August depending upon
the climate.

8. ROHU (LABEO
ROHITA)
• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Osteichthyes
• Order: Cypriniformes
• Family: Cyprinidae
• Sub family: Cyprininae
• Genus: Labeo
• Species: rohita

9. • Body moderately elongated.
• Snout obtuse, projecting over the mouth, without any lateral
lobe.
• Eyes are small, not visible from the underside of the head.
• No pores on the snout.
• Mouth small, inferior, lips thick and fringed with a distinct inner
fold to each lip.
• A pair of short maxillary barbells is present.
• Body color is back brownish, silvery on sides and beneath.
• Dorsal and abdominal profiles are convex. Caudal peduncle is
short.
• Lateral line is complete. Scales are moderate.

10. • Labeo is column feeder at mid water. Prefers to feed on plant
matters including decaying vegetation .
• Carp are omnivorous, and their diet varies depending on what is
available.
• Food of Rohu may contain algae, higher plants, protozoans,
insect larvae, crustaceans, mud and sand.
• In culture condition the species also feeds on supplementary
fish food, namely rice bran, wheat bran and oil cake.
• It can be induced to breed by administration of pituitary
hormone when artificial culture.
• Spawning season generally coincides with the south-west
monsoon (May to July) .
• It spawns in the shallow water of the river and streams.
• Usually attains sexual maturity in 3 years.

11. CATLA (CATLA
CATLA)
• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Osteichthyes
• Order: Cypriniformes
• Family: Cyprinidae
• Genus: Catla
• Species: Catla catla

12. Catla, also known as the major(Indian)carp is a fresh water fish in
the carp family Cyprinidae. It is commonly found in rivers, lakes &
ponds body of catla fish is usually looking short. Attains sexual
maturity at an average age of two years.
• Head is comparatively bigger than their body. Mouth is wide and
curved to up (superior mouth).
• The upper lip is thin but lower lip is thick. The back is more
convex than their belly.
• Upper Side of their body is dark gray colored and side part is
silver colored.
• most distinguish feature of catla fish is its larger lower jaw and
this foreces its lower lip to be upturned.

13. • Fins are blackish colored.
• Catla generally consume food from the upper level of the water
& middle level also.
• They also eat small insects, leaf of plants, phytoplankton's &
zooplanktons occasionally.
• We can also serve fish meal & supplementary fish feed.
• Catla fish gain sexual maturity at age of 2-3 years.
• A moderate size female catla fish contain about 1.5-3 million
eggs.
• They lay eggs in open water reservoirs & they lay eggs in rainy
seasons.
• We can also do breeding process of catla fish artificially in the
hatchery.

14. COMMON CARP
(CYPRINUS CARPIO)
• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Actinopterygii
• Order: Cypriniformes
• Family: Cyprinidae
• Genus: Cyprinus
• Species: carpio

15. • There are two barbels on each side of the mouth.
• The carp's body is robust, deep and thick, and arched
to ward the dorsal fin.
• Carp have a lengthy dorsal fin, with nearly 20 soft rays.
The dorsal fin extends well along the back, and the fin
e dge is high in the front and straight in back.
• The tail fin is forked and is often a "reddish" color.
• The typical carp's back is olive-brown to reddish brown,
with the sides becoming silvery-bronze, brassy, or
olive-gold. The belly is yellow or yellow-white.
• Most carp are heavily scaled, but two genetic mutants
show either few, extremely large scales

16. • Carp are the largest member of the minnow family.
• Carp generally grow to about 30 inches and 10 to 15
pounds, but they can weigh up to 60 pounds.
• Generally common carp are living bottom dweller and
detrivorus fish. Ponds, rivers, lakes, canals, etc. both
open and closed water bodies.
• Usually breeds in rainy season.
• Common carp are omnivorous . They can eat a
herbivorous diet of water plants, but prefer to scavenge
the bottom for insects , crustaceans (including
zooplankton ), crawfish, and benthic
worms,phytoplankton etc.

17. (CTENOPHARYNGODON
IDELLA )
• Kingdom : Animalia
• Phylum : Chordata
• Class : Osteichthyes
• Order : Cypriniformes
• Family : Cyprinidae
• Genus : Ctenopharyngodon
• Species : Idella

18. • Body stout and elongate.
• Head broad, with a short rounded snout
• Body dark grey above, silvery on the flanks and belly,
fins dark.
• Average length is about 60–100 cm.
• Mouth sub-terminal; upper jaw slightly protractile.
• Scales cycloid. Scales of large size; lateral line with 40-
42 scales.
• Dorsal fin margin straight.
• Caudal fin forked.
• Pectoral fins fairly small.

19. • Grass carp occurs in lakes, ponds, pools, and
backwaters of large rivers, preferring large, slow
flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation.
• Spawns on riverbeds with very strong currents.
• Adults are exclusively herbivorous.
• Feeds on higher aquatic plants and submerged
grasses.
• Also takes detritus, insects and other invertebrates.
• The fry and longer fish takes substances like cereal
brans, silkworm pupae etc.

20. MRIGAL CARP
(CIRRHINUS CIRRHOSUS)
• Kingdom : Animalia
• Phylum : Chordata
• Class : Actinopterygii
• Order : Cypriniformes
• Family : Cyprinidae
• Genus : Cirrhinus
• Species : Cirrhosus

21. • Body is elongated and streamlined or laterally
compressed.
• Dorsal profile more convex than that of abdomen,
ventral profile slightly convex.
• Grayish or greenish colour on the back and silvery at
the sides and below.
• Fins are slightly orange colored in larger specimens.
• Lateral line present and complete with about 40-45
scales.
• Found in freshwater bodies, rarely in brackish water.
• Some common habitual are ponds, ditches, cannels,
floodplains, rivers, lakes etc.

22. • Bottom dwellers fish species and primarily detritus
eater. Feed on both natural and supplementary.
• This species breeds in shallow water in the rainy
season. Breeds in open natural waters.
• This fish breeds during south-west monsoon in shallow
pockets in marginal areas and in bunds.
• Water depth at breeding ground is 0.5-1.0m.

23. THANK YOU
THE END