3. PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
•THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN DESCRIBE THE
WAYS IN WHICH AN ARTIST HAS USED OR
CAN USE THE ELEMENTS OF ART TO CREATE
BEAUTIFUL COMPOSITION.
4. BALANCE
•IS THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE
VISUAL WEIGHT OF OBJECTS,
COLOR, TEXTURE AND
SPACE. THE USE OF THESE
ELEMENTS SHOULD BE
BALANCED TO MAKE THE
VIEWERS SEE AND FEEL
DESIGN AS STABLE.
5. THREE TYPES OF BALANCE:
1. SYMMETRICAL
-RESULTS WHEN THE ELEMENTS USED ON
ONE SIDE OF THE DESIGN ARE SIMILAR TO
THOSE ON THE OTHER SIDE.
2. ASYMMETRICAL
-IS WHEN THE SIDES OF THE
COMPOSITIONARE DIFFERENT BUT
STILL LOOKEDBALANCED.
3. RADIAL BALANCE
-ACHIEVEDWHEN THE ELEMENTSARE
ARRANGED AROUND A CENTRAL POINT.
ELEMENTSMAY EXHIBITSIMILARITIESAS
THEY SPREAD AROUND THE CENTRALPOINT.
6. EMPHASIS
•IS THE PART OF THE DESIGN THAT
CATCHES THE VIEWER’S
ATTENTION. THE ARTIST WILL
USUALLY MAKE ONE AREA STAND
OUT BY CONTRASTING IT WITH
OTHER AREAS.
7. MOVEMENT
•IS THE PATH THE VIEWER’S EYE
TAKES WHEN LOOKING THROUGH
THE WORK OF ART. SUCH
MOVEMENT CAN BE IMPLIED
ALONG LINES EDGES, SHAPE,
AND COLOR WITHIN THE WORK OF
ART.
10. REPETITION
•WORKS WITH PATTERNS TO
MAKE THE ARTWORK SEEM
ATTRACTIVE. THE REPETITION
OF ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
CREATES UNITY WITHIN THE
ARTWORK.
11. RHYTHM
•IS CREATED WHEN ONE OR MORE
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN ARE USED
REPEATEDLY TO PRODUCE A
FEELING OF ORGANIZED,
CONTINUES, SOMETIMES
FLOWING MOVEMENT. TO KEEP
RHYTHM EXCITING AND ACTIVE,
VARIETY IS IMPORTANT.
12. VARIETY
•IS THE USE OF SEVERAL
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN THAT
ADDS INTEREST IN ORDER TO
HOLD THE VIEWERS EYE
THROUGH AND AROUND THE
WORK OF ART.
13. UNITY
•IS THE FEELING OF HARMONY
BETWEEN AND AMONG THE
PARTS OF THE WORK OF ART,
WHICH CREATES A FEELING OF
COMPLETENESS IN THE
COMPOSITION.
14. THE RULE OF THIRDS AND THE
SEVEN DA VINCIAN PRINCIPLES
15. LEONARDO DA VINCI
• THE SEVEN DA VINCIAN PRINCIPLES
LEONARDO DA VINCI WAS MORE THAN AN
ARTIST. HE WAS ALSO AN ARCHITECT,
SCIENTIST, INVENTOR, ANATOMIST,
GEOLOGIST, HISTORIAN AND WRITER.
THROUGH THE CENTURIES, DA VINCI
INFLUENCED VARIOUS AREAS IN MANY
DISCIPLINES. BASED ON THE RESEARCH
CONDUCTED BY MICHAEL J. GLEB (BORN
1952), SPECIFICALLY, IN HIS BOOK “HOW TO
THINK LIKE LEONARDO DA VINCI” (1998), DA
VINCI’S GENIUS WAS BASED ON 7
PRINCIPLES WHICH HE CALLED THE SEVEN
DA VINCIAN PRINCIPLES.
16. THE RULE OF THIRDS
THE SURFACE WITH TWO EQUALLY SPACED
VERTICAL LINES AND TWO EQUALLY SPACED
HORIZONTAL LINES.
• THESE LINES DIVIDE THE PICTURE PLANE
INTO NINE EQUAL PARTS WITH FOUR
INTERSECTING POINTS.•
• BASED ON STUDIES, PLACING AN OBJECT IN
ONE OF THE INTERSECTING POINTS
RESULTS IN A PLEASING COMPOSITION.
• BALANCE IS ACHIEVED BY PLACING
ANOTHER OBJECT AT THE POINT OPPOSITE
THE FIRST ONE.
17. 1. CURIOSITA
CURIOSITA IS APPROACHING LIFE WITH A
HEIGHTENED LEVEL OF WONDER AND CONTINUOUS
SEARCH TO KNOW AND LEARN MORE.
EXAMPLE: ASKING QUESTIONS, READING AND
RESEARCHING, LIFELONG LEARNING.
18. 2. DIMOSTRAZIONE
DIMOSTRAZIONE IS THE COMMITMENT TO TEST
KNOWLEDGE AND TO PERSIST IN THIS TASK, WHICH
INCLUDES EXPERIENCING BOTH SUCCESS AND
FAILURES IN UNDERTAKING.
EXAMPLE: SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTATION;
LEARNING BY TRIAL AND ERROR;SPORTS OR ARTS
PRACTICE.
19. 3. SENSAZIONE
SENSAZIONE IS EXPERIENCING LIFE THROUGH
REFINEMENT OF THE SENSES. FOR EXAMPLE, THE
EYES SHOULD DO MORE THAN SEE, IT SHOULD BE
ABLE TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE BEAUTY OF
VARIOUS COLORS, NOTE MINUTE DETAILS AND
SAVOR THE PHYSICALITY OF EVERYTHING THE
WORLD HAS TO OFFER.
EXAMPLE: OBSERVATION, VISUAL EXERCISES.
20. 4. SFUMATO
SFUMATO LITERALLY TRANSLATES TO “GOING UP IN
SMOKE”. IT IS ACCEPTING LIFE’S PARADOXES AND
UNCERTAINTIES. IT IS KNOWINGAND REALIZING
THAT NOT EVERYTHING IS CAUSE AND EFFECT AND
THAT EVENTS HAPPEN THAT EVEN LOGIC CAN
EXPLAIN.
EXAMPLES: ENJOYING UNCERTAIN BOOK OR FILM
ENDING; RESEARCH.
21. 5. ARTE/SCIENZA
ARTE/SCIENZA IS FINDING A BALANCE BETWEEN
ART AND SCIENCE OR LOGIC AND IMAGINATION.
THIS RELATES TO THE CONCEPT OF A WHOLE BRAIN
THINKING (NOT JUST THE LEFT AND RIGHT BRAIN).
EXAMPLE: LIBERAL ARTS EDUCATION; SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH ABOUT ARTS; GRAPHIC ARTS.
22. 6. CORPORALITA
CORPORALITA IS TAKING CARE OF ONE’S BODY.
ENSURING THAT HEALTHY HABITS ARE PRACTICED
AND SUSTAINED. A SOUND MIND IS USUALLY THE
PRODUCT OF A SOUND BODYAND VICE VERSA.
EXAMPLES: PHYSICAL PRACTICES: SPORTS, YOGA,
DANCE.
23. 7. CONNESSIONE
CONNESSIONE IS REALIZING THAT ALL THINGS ARE
INTERCONNECTED. IT IS DISCOVERING PATTERNS IN THE
WAY THINGS WORK AND HOW THINGS AND LIVES WORK
OUT. INTERCONNECTEDNESS IS SEEING HOW EVENTS IN
THE PAST LED TO THE PRESENT STATE OF AFFAIRS. A
CLOSER STUDY OF HISTORY WOULD MAKE ONE REALIZE
HOW EVENTS IN THE PAST EXPLAINS THE PRESENT.
EXAMPLES: PHYSICAL PRACTICES: SPORTS, YOGA,
DANCE.
