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Oral cancer
- 1. BehSc 202 Educational Theories and Health Promotion Assessment 1: Educational Wiki Topic: Oral Cancer Lianet Herrada and Brittany Fidler
- 2. EDUCATIONAL GOALS ❏ To create awareness to healthcare professionals about oral cancer ❏ To educate healthcare professionals about early cancer detection and regular cancer screenings http://dentalartimages.com/oral-cancer-awareness-month/
- 3. OBJECTIVES 1 Know about oral cancer ● What is oral cancer? ● Who is a highest risk for oral cancer? ● Signs & symptoms of oral cancer? ● Oral cancer Treatment 2 Interprofessional collaboration and oral cancer ● How to work together to increase cancer awareness among the population ● What health care professionals are involved with the oral cancer patient? 3 Early cancer detection and oral cancer screenings ● How to do an oral cancer screening ? ● What types of test can determine if the diagnosis is cancer? ● Ways to educate client about oral cancer
- 4. WHAT IS ORAL CANCER? ➔ Oral cancer refers to cancer in any part of the mouth. This includes the lips, gums, tongue, inside the lining of one's cheek, the roof of the mouth, and the floor of the mouth. Mouth cancer starts from a cancerous tumor which is created by abnormal cells that uncontrollably replicate. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_cancer
- 5. WHO IS A HIGHEST RISK FOR ORAL CANCER? Several risk factors may increase the chance of oral cancer: ❏ Tobacco use and alcohol consumption are risk factors and when used together, the risk is even greater. ❏ The use of betel quid or paan, a substance (areca palm nuts, betel leaf, sometimes tobacco leaf) chewed for stimulatory effects, has also been identified as a risk factor. ❏ Excessive sun exposure is a risk factor for lip cancers. ❏ African American men are one of the groups at highest risk for oral cancer. ❏ Recent studies show that infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are linked to oropharyngeal (throat) cancer. https://dentistry.uic.edu/patients/oral-cancer-experts
- 6. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF ORAL CANCER
- 7. ORAL CANCER TREATMENTS As with most cancers, there are three main treatments options for oral cancer: ● Surgery ( can be used alone or in combination with radiation ) ● Radiation- IMRT, RADIOSENSITIZERS, RADIOPROTECTORS ( can be used alone or in combination with surgery ) ● Chemotherapy http://www.intelligentdental.com/2012/02/29/oral-cancer-treatment-options-and-complications/
- 8. HOW TO WORK TOGETHER TO INCREASE ORAL CANCER AWARENESS AMONG THE POPULATION ? Interprofessional collaboration plays an important role in increasing oral cancer awareness among the population. Interprofessional collaborations, as defined by the CIHC (Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative) “is the process of developing and maintaining effective interprofessional working relationships with learners, practitioners, patients/clients/ families and communities to enable optimal health outcomes. But how can we work together to increase oral cancer awareness among the population if we do not learn together? http://today.uconn.edu/2014/03/interprofessional-hea lth-care/ ➢ Working and learning together the connection between oral health, systemic disease, and overall health and wellness can increase the oral cancer awareness among the population. ➢ Evidence suggests that interprofessional education enables effective collaborative practice, which in turn optimizes health care services, strengthens medical systems, and improves health outcomes. ➢ Encouraging patients to come to regular dental check ups, re assuring that dental care is as important as medical care. ➢ Making adequate referrals to the indicated health care professionals for further diagnosis ➢ Implementing oral cancer screenings as a part of the medical check ups. ➢ Educating patients about oral cancer and common signs and symptoms.http://today.uconn.edu/2014/03/interprofessional-health-care/
- 9. HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS INVOLVED IN THE ORAL CANCEROUS PATIENT Patients that have been diagnosed with cancer usually meet with many different health professionals. The following are some of the health care professionals that works with the cancerous patients at one stage or the other. ● Anesthesiologist ● Case manager ( often a nurse or a cancer nurse specialist ) ● Dermatologist ● Dietitian ● Discharge coordinator ( nurse or social worker) ● Dosimetrist ● Endocrinologist ● Enterostomal therapist ● Medical oncologist ● Nutritionist ● Oral and maxillofacial surgeon ● Otolaryngologist ● Pathologist ● Plastic surgeon ● Psychologist ● Radiation oncologist ● Speech therapist http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/our-services/centres-clinics/abbotsford-centre/cancer-care-team
- 10. HOW TO DO AN ORAL CANCER SCREENING ? ❖ ORAL CANCER SCREENING: an examination performed by a dentist or doctor to look for signs of cancer or precancerous conditions in your mouth. ❖ GOALS: to identify mouth cancer early, when there is a greater chance for a cure. ❖ Can be performed by the dentist, family doctor, dental hygienist and the client. ❖ Additional test may be needed if there is any oral lesion that might be cancerous as oral cancer screenings cannot detect if a lesion is cancerous or noncancerous http://www.altmandental.com/oral-cancer-screenings/
- 11. ORAL CANCER TEST AVAILABLE Screening At you dental exam exam, your dentist or dental hygienist will look inside of your mouth to check for red or white patches or any sores or abnormalities. Using gloved hands, your clinician may feel the tissues in your mouth to check for hard nodules, or irregularities. Additional tests included in the oral cancer screening Some dentists use special tests in addition to the oral exam to screen for oral cancer. ● They may instruct you to rinse your mouth with a special blue dye before an exam. Abnormal cells could possibly show up more significantly with the dye and appear blue. ● They may shine a light in your mouth during the exam. The light can make healthy tissue appear dark and abnormal tissue appear white. ● If an abnormal lesion is seen the only way to be sure of a diagnosis is to have a doctor or specialist perform a biopsy for laboratory testing of cancer cells.
- 12. The stages of Oral Cancer If cancer is diagnosed the doctor or specialist will need to do further testing to evaluate if the cancer has spread, this will help to know the stage of the cancer. Stages are represented with roman numerals from I (lower stage) to IV (hIgher stage). Imaging- tests performed can include: Radiographs, computerized tomography scans (CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), positron emission tomography scans (PET) , and more. Endoscopy- A small camera is passed through the nose and down the throat to examine the area for further signs of cancer. This procedure may cause minimal discomfort. https://youtu.be/GKesUBTkCXc http://www.aboutcancer.com/throat_anatomy_pet.htm
- 13. WAYS TO EDUCATE CLIENT ABOUT ORAL CANCER According to the ODHA, clients should be educated about oral cancer to increase their awareness of the disease. Clients should be educated on : 1. How to perform oral cancer screenings at home 2. Common areas for oral cancer 3. Being able to identify a healthy versus a cancerous lesion 4. Signs and symptoms 5. Causes and risk factors 6. Oral cancer detection 7. Oral cancer prevention Clients should be provided with handouts, websites, phone number to Oral cancer education centers where they can find the support they need and where they can increase their knowledge .A well educated client can pass their education to the population, which also helps increasing the oral cancer awareness. http://www.mouthcancer.org/downloads/
- 15. REFERENCES 1.Retrived from https://dentistry.uic.edu/patients/oral-cancer-experts/ 2.Retrieved from http://www.allcancersigns.org/symptoms/oral-cancer-symptoms-early-signs-of-mouth-cancer/ 3. Retreived from http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/oral-cancer-screening/basics/definition/prc-20110761/ 4.Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/treatment/txc-20157256 5. Retrived from https://odha.on.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Oral-Cancer-Screening-14-1-final.pdf/