The document is a comprehensive guide on optimizing SQL queries, focusing on distinguishing among query types including point, multipoint, range, prefix match, extremal, ordering, grouping, and joins. It details the syntax and applications of spatial data types in SQL Server, along with examples for each query type. The author, Dr. Subramani Paramasivam, provides insights into effectively using these query types for data manipulation and analysis.

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Optimising
Queries
®
OQ-03 Distinguishing among query types
DR. SUBRAMANI
PARAMASIVAM
(MANI)

2. About
me
Dr. SubraMANI Paramasivam
PhD., MCT, MCSE, MCITP, MCP, MCTS, MCSA
CEO, Principal Consultant & Trainer
@ DAGEOP (UK)
Email: mani@dageop.com
Blog: http://dataap.org/blog
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3. Contents
• OQ-03 Distinguishing among query types
• Point
• Multipoint
• Range
• Prefix match
• Extremal
• Ordering
• Grouping
• Join
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Optimizing Queries

4. OQ-03 Distinguishing among Query Types
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Optimizing Queries

5. Point & Multipoint
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6. Point & Multipoint
• Spatial Data just representing the information about Location and
shape of the geometric objects.
• To locate a particular place, we can use the point with Latitude and
Longitude information.
• There are two spatial data types in SQL Server
• Geometry
• Geography
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7. Point & Multipoint
Syntax for Point
Point (Lat, Long, SRID)
Explanation:
Lat
• Is a float expression representing the x-coordinate of the Point being generated.
Long
• Is a float expression representing the y-coordinate of the Point being generated.
SRID
• Is an int expression representing the SRID of the geography instance you wish to
return.
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8. Point & Multipoint
Syntax
Multipoint (X coordinate, YZ coordinate, SRID)
Example for Multipoint
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9. Point & Multipoint
• What is the purpose of using Point?
Helps to find the distance between the
two cites by using geography point with
lat & long information
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10. DEMO
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Optimizing Queries

11. Range
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12. Range
• In SQL Server we have Range search condition, it will return all values
between two specified values.
• Normally two types of Ranges
• Inclusive Range
• Exclusive Range
• Inclusive Range
• It will use the keyword called “BETWEEN”
• Exclusive Range
• It will use greater than or lesser than
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13. DEMO
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14. Prefix Match & Ordering
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Optimizing Queries

15. Prefix Match & Ordering
• Helps to identify first few character or values of an attribute.
• “Like” operator is used
• ORDER BY is used and will not affect the data.
• ASC
• DESC
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Optimizing Queries
SELECT
FROM
WHERE COL1 LIKE PREFIXCOL1+’%’
ORDER BY LEN(PREFIXCOL1) DESC

16. DEMO
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Optimizing Queries

17. Extremal
• 2 different extremes in a query, it can be Min or Max
• It’s used to find the maximum value of the particular column of the
table or minimum value.
• Syntax:
Min (Column_Name)
Max(Column_Name)
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18. DEMO
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Optimizing Queries

19. Grouping
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20. Grouping
• Helps in grouping the data and helps finding value for a group.
• GROUP BY helps to aggregate other values in a query.
• CUBE and ROLLUP cannot be used without GROUP BY.
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21. DEMO
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Optimizing Queries

22. Joins
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23. Joins
• The SQL Joins is used to combine records from two or more tables.
• Why:
• To collect information with a common key column in tables
• Most commonly used joins are,
• Inner Join
• Outer Join
• Left Outer Join
• Right Outer Join
• Full Outer Join
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24. Joins
Inner Join
• Displays matched results
between two tables
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25. Joins
Left Outer Join:
Matching data from
both table as well as
everything from the table in
LEFT side.
Right Outer Join:
Matching data from
both table as well as
everything from the table in
RIGHT side.
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26. Joins
Full Outer Join
• Renders all the rows from both the tables based on the column used
to join.
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27. DEMO
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Optimizing Queries

28. Review
Distinguishing among query types
Point
Multipoint
Range
Prefix match
Extremal
Ordering
Grouping
Join
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29. Q & A
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30. ®
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