The document discusses various operators in Python including assignment, comparison, logical, identity, and membership operators. It provides examples of how each operator works and the output. Specifically, it explains that assignment operators are used to assign values to variables using shortcuts like +=, -=, etc. Comparison operators compare values and return True or False. Logical operators combine conditional statements using and, or, and not. Identity operators compare the memory location of objects using is and is not. Membership operators test if a value is present in a sequence using in and not in.

1. CLASS: XI
COMPUTER SCIENCE(083)
OPERATORS IN PYTHON
Comparison operators and Assignment Operators
PART-2

2. Assignment Operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:
Example: What it does? Shortcut method
x=10
x + = 1
# It add 1 to x and assign value to x
(left side)x=x+1
print(“x=“,x)
x=10
print(“x=“,x)
-----OUTPUT-----
x= 11
=( equal to)

3. Assignment Operators
If you want to subtract the value store inside the variable.
Example: What it does? Shortcut method
x=10
x - = 1
# It subtract 1 from x and assign value
to x (left side)x=x-1
print(“x=“,x)
x=10
print(“x=“,x)
-----OUTPUT-----
x= 9

4. Assignment Operators
If you want to multiply(*) the value store inside the variable by 3.
Example: What it does? Shortcut method
x=10
x * = 3
# It Multiply 3 with x and assign value
to x (left side)x=x*3
print(“x=“,x)
x=10
print(“x=“,x)
-----OUTPUT-----
x= 30

5. Assignment Operators
If you want to Divide(/ or //) the value store inside the variable by 2.
Example: What it does? Shortcut method
x=10
x / = 2# It x or y divide by 2 and assign value
to x or y (left side)
x=x/2
print(“x=“,x)
x=10
print(“x=“,x)-----OUTPUT-----
x= 5.0
y=5
y // = 2y=y//2
print(“y=“,y) print(“y=“,y)
y=10 y=10

6. Assignment Operators
If you want Modulus(%) of the value.
Example: Shortcut method
x=10
x % = 3x=x%3
print(“x=“,x)
x=10
print(“x=“,x)
-----OUTPUT-----
x= 1
If you want Exponential(**) of the
value.
Example: Shortcut method
x=3
x ** = 2x=x**2
print(“x=“,x)
x=3
print(“x=“,x)
-----OUTPUT-----
x= 9

7. Relational or Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to compare two values. Comparison operators
are used to comparing the value of the two operands and returns Boolean true
or false
Operator: Description
==
!=
If the value of two operands is equal, then the condition becomes true.
If the value of two operands is not equal, then the condition becomes true.
<
Example:
If the first operand is less than the second operand, then the condition becomes true.
<= If the first operand is less than or equal to the second operand, then the
condition becomes true
> If the first operand is greater than the second operand, then the condition becomes true.
>= If the first operand is greater than or equal to the second operand, then the condition
becomes true.
X==Y
X!=Y
X<Y
X<=Y
X>Y
X>=Y

8. Relational or Comparison Operators
Program to check all the relational operator working in python.
x=10
y=20
print(“x==y:”,x==y)
print(“x!=y:”,x!=y)
print(“x<y:”,x<y)
print(“x<=y:”,x<=y)
print(“x>y:”,x>y)
print(“x>=y:”,x>=y)
-----OUTPUT-----
x==y: False
x!=y: True
x<y: True
x<=y: True
x>y: False
x>=y: False

9. Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:
and or not
Returns True if
both statements
are true
Returns True if one of
the statements is true
Reverse the result,
returns False if the result
is true
A B A and B
T T T
T F F
F T F
F F F
A B A OR B
T T T
T F T
F T T
F F F
A NOT A
T F
F T

10. Logical Operators
x=40
y=20
z=5
print(x>y and x==z)
and or not
x=40
y=20
z=5
print(x>y or x==z)
x=40
y=20
print(not (x>y))
--Output----
False
--Output----
True
--Output----
False

11. Logical Operators
Write the output of the expression given below:
A=10 , B=5 , C=3 , D=-5
((A>B) OR (B!=C)) AND (NOT(A!=C) AND (C>B))
((10>5) OR (5!=3)) AND (NOT(10!=3) AND (3>5))
((T) OR (T)) AND (NOT(T) AND (F))
(TRUE) AND (FALSE AND FALSE)
(TRUE) AND (FALSE)
FALSE

12. Identity Operators
Identity Operators in Python are used to compare the memory location of two
objects. Identity operator (“is” and “is not”) is used to compare the object’s
memory location. When an object is created in memory a unique memory
address is allocated to that object.
is is not
It returns true if
two variables point
the same object
and false otherwise
It returns false if two
variables point the
same object and true
otherwise

13. is operator:
x = 5
print(type(x) is int)
--Output----
True
x = 5
print(type(x) is float)
Output: False
is not operator:
x = 5
print(type(x) is not int)
--Output----
False
x = 5
print(type(x) is not float)
Output: True

14. Example: If we declare three variable to store name “Mohit”,”Rohit”,and again
“Mohit”, then use == operator of check these names equality.
nm1=‘Mohit’
nm2=‘Rohit’
nm3=‘Mohit’
print(nm1==nm2)
print(nm2==nm3)
print(nm1==nm2)
Comparison operator “==” to check if both the
object values are the same.
----Output-----
False
False
True

15. Example: If we declare two variable a, b and store same number 10 and then
use is or is not identity operator.
a=10
b=10
print(a is b)
----Output-----
True
a=10
b=20
print(a is b)
----Output-----
False

16. Example: If we declare three variable to store name “Mohit”,”Rohit”,and again
“Mohit”, They are usually used to determine the type of data a certain variable
contains.
nm1=‘Mohit’
nm2=‘Rohit’
nm3=‘Mohit’
print(nm1 is nm2)
print(nm2 is nm3)
print(nm1 is nm2)
----Output-----
False
False
True
print(nm1 is not nm2)
print(nm2 is not nm3)
print(nm1 is not nm2)
----Output-----
True
True
False

17. Example: If we declare three variable to store name “Mohit”,”Rohit”,and again
“Mohit”, They are usually used to determine the type of data a certain variable
contains.
nm1=‘Mohit’
nm2=‘Rohit’
nm3=‘Mohit’
The built-in id() a function is used to get the “identity” of
an object.
print(“nm1 memory address:”,id(nm1))
print(“nm2 memory address:”,id(nm2))
print(“nm3 memory address:”,id(nm3))
----Output-----
nm1 memory address :45891616
nm2 memory address :45891648
nm3 memory address :45891616
So that is why nm1 is nm3 show : True And nm1 is nm2 show : False

18. Now let Us understand that why nm1 and nm3 memory address are same and
nm2 is different.
Memory
Mohit Rohit
nm1 nm2 nm3
nm1=‘Mohit’ nm2=‘Rohit’ nm3=‘Mohit’
Instead of creating a separate object nm3 ,It will act as a pointer pointing to
nm1 which hold the same value
create create

19. Membership Operators
Python’s membership operators test for membership in a sequence, such
as strings, lists, or tuples.
in not in
Evaluates to true if it finds a
variable in the specified
sequence and false
otherwise.
Evaluates to true if it does not
finds a variable in the specified
sequence and false otherwise

20. x = 'Hello world'
Membership Operators
in operator:
Let us understand the in operator with the help of example
print('H' in x)
--Output--
True
print(‘hello' in x) True
print(‘World' in x) False