Open Learner Model As A Tool For Self Regulated Learning

Open Learner Model As A Tool For Self Regulated Learning
Open Learner Model as a Tool for Self–regulated Learning
Research Question
An Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is a computer–assisted instructional system designed using
artificial intelligence to simulate a human tutor and customize instruction. Traditionally ITS had a
three–component architecture: domain model, student model, and tutoring model (Self, 1990). Later,
a fourth component, user interface, was added, and now ITS is commonly known to have a four–
component architecture. Domain model is the source of expert knowledge that can be used as a
standard to evaluate learner performance or to detect errors (Nkambou, Bourdeau, and Mizoguchi,
2010). Student model, the central component of an ITS, contains knowledge about the students ...
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301).
As the underlying modeling technology is used not only to inform the system of students' learning
but also to reveal it to students for inspection, a key challenge for an OLM is to create an effective
user interface for presenting the model and supporting interaction (Bull and Kay, 2011).
Methods
The first round of search was done in SpringerLink using the expression ("open learn* model")
AND (self–regulated learn*) AND (Intelligent tutor*), the returned number of unique hits is 390. 25
articles are selected for close reading. From the 25 articles, bibliographical search will be done for
more relevant articles. The criteria for including the articles are:
1. The article should be peer–reviewed.
2. The article should deal in a substantial way with Open Learner Model or Self–regulated Learning,
or both.
3. The paper can be a basic research, a review or an empirical study.
Self–regulated Learning
Self–regulation refers to the process of planning and cyclically adapting self–generated thoughts,
feelings, and actions to the attainment of personal goals (Zimmerman, 2000). Pintrich and Zusho
(2002) defined self–regulated learning as "an active constructive process whereby learners set goals
for their learning and monitor, regulate, and control their cognition, motivation, and behaviour,
guided and constrained by their goals and the contextual features of the
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Tribe Intellectuals
The men of the tribe built and used the tools. While making the tools and weapons, they followed
the specific routine for each object. They drilled, carved, engraved, etc. They built the tools at a
place that had an anvil. The activity was done based off the specific tool or weapon because they all
don't have the same building time. The tribe does this activity so they have weapons and tools to
gather their food and defend themselves.
Activity 2: Writing in symbols and pictures Description:
All people of the tribe wrote in pictures and symbols. They're conveying their ideas by covering the
walls with them. The activity is usually done in a home. The activity is completed when the person
writing feels they are satisfied. They do this

Capuchin Monkeys In Captivity: Plexiglas Boxes And Wooden
In captivity, capuchin monkeys are able to learn to use surrounding objects as tools when given the
materials. For example, one study involves clear Plexiglas boxes and wooden sticks. Maize kernels
were placed inside of the clear Plexiglas boxes while the boxes were sealed except for a tiny
opening that was impossible for the capuchins to get through. The only way for the monkeys to get
to the maize was to use the stick to try to break off the cover of the Plexiglas box. Out of the 32
trials, four monkeys were able to use the stick as a tool to open the Plexiglas box. The monkeys used
three different techniques in order to do so. They used the stick by pounding it against the box so
that it would break it open. They manipulated it as a cutting

Leadership As A Fundamental Learning Tool
Leadership Project Movies identified to the topic of leadership serve as a fundamental learning tool.
When conducting this leadership project the following movies were used: Patch Adams, A Few
Good Men, The Lion King, and The Social Network. After watching the movies each one was
thoroughly analyzed on the type of leadership style portrayed in the film. Many movies contain
characters that exhibit leadership qualities or circumstances that provide insights and can help you
explore some excellent examples of leadership. Based on a true story of Hunter "Patch" Adams, the
founder of the Gesundheit Clinic, a facility which manages their patients with pathos and humor.
The film begins with Patch admitting himself as a patient in a mental hospital. While there, he
discovered he loved helping the patients and observed the staff to be emotionless and would separate
themselves from the patients. Vowing to change things, he discharges himself from the facility and
went to the Virginia Medical College. His untraditional approaches cast him up against numerous of
the doctors and deans of the college, in spite of him getting some of the highest grades in his class.
Recognizing that numerous underprivileged individuals were not being treated fairly, as a student he
started the Gesundheit Clinic to help the individuals who were not getting appropriate treatment at
the hospital. In any case, this brought him up before the Medical Review Board for practicing
without a license. Patch is

Instructional Technology As A Problem Solving Tool For...
Blended learning has been a popular topic in education over the past decade. With the rapid
advancement of technology in recent years and the ever–increasing demands on teaching staff, there
is a scramble to find the golden goose – the key to harmonizing technology and education in order to
reach more students and ease the burden of teachers. It becomes more than just an issue of getting
technology into the classroom because hundreds of thousands of classrooms already have
technology capabilities. It becomes an issue of how to train teachers to use instructional technology
and truly integrate it into curriculum. It becomes an issue of how to make technology a problem–
solving tool for students of all ages and learning styles.
Some researchers believe blended learning to be the golden goose for education – which raises even
more issues and many questions. What instructional technologies can be useful in K–12 subjects?
How can instructional technology be used in college and professional development for adults? Is
blended learning the future of education? Can blended learning influence various learning styles and
create a deeper knowledge base? What professional development programs can we offer to ensure
that future teachers are prepared to operate technology in the classroom? The purpose of this paper
is to examine the aspects of blended learning and how instructional technologies can facilitate
lessons across many subjects and age groups. Blended learning is

The Reflection As A Tool For Learning From Experience
John Dewey considered as the pioneer scholar who proposed the reflection as a tool for learning
from experience. According to Dewey (1933), reflection is associated with a thinking about the
experience or event which contains five steps in order to make sense of it and internalise meanings.
These steps are; problem, suggestions, reasoning, hypothesis and testing. In the first step of
'problem', he proposes that we need to see big picture of the event which includes the actions,
conditions and contextual factors of the event. As our actions operated in open system (social
world), thinking about small entities may distract us to identify the real cause of concern. In this
way, there is high probability to recognise and understand the perplexity of the event, resulting in
more comprehensive action plan to tackle the situation. Schön (1983) argues similar notion by
referring 'discomfort/ surprises' in actions, but he did that propose any strategy to figure out the
actual problem or issue in action. There is a consensus in literature that reflective thinking is
triggered by doubtful situations, discomfort (Dewey, 1933), surprise (Schön, 1983), inner discomfort
(Boyed and Fales, 1983), uncomfortable feelings (Atkins and Murphy, 1993), critical point (Barnett,
1997) and issue in action (John, 2005; Boud, 2010) and many more. These are various terms used
for the recognition of problem in practice that initiate the reflective practice in practitioner. It
suggests that nature of

Mobile Phone Is a Learning Tool
Topic: Mobile phones are a necessary tool for education. Discuss Mobile phones are the
communication device that can connect people with others in any places. Students nowadays rely on
mobile phones as their communication devices with friends and parents. Some of them think mobile
phones as a learning tool. Are they really essential as a learning tool? This essay will argue that
mobile phones are a necessary tool for education but also they are not necessary tool for education.
Firstly, it will explain why mobile phones are a necessary tool for education. Then it will explain
why they are not. First of all, Mobile phones are a learning tool. Beside teachers who are teaching
students in classroom with math, science and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(http://www.cellutips.com/) Mobile communication activities have increased cheating in classrooms.
(Katz, 2009, p.22) Furthermore, Mobile phones are harmful to user's health so they can affect their
learning ways. Researchers have been found that mobile phones produce waves that are harmful to
heart, internal and reproductive organs. Also, radiation from mobile phones can damage brain cell.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/Effects–of–cell–phone––mobile–phone–use–on–our–brain–and–
memory). For example, mobile phones can be implicated in brain tumours as a result of
electromagnetic fields or radiation. (Raju, 2009, p.5) In http://hubpages.com/hub/Effects–of–cell–
phone––mobile–phone–use–on–our–brain–and–memory, Say that 'In brain, hippocampus is
understood to be responsible for learning and memory.' That means, when the brain has affected by
radiation from mobile phones, our learning ways will be also affected because of hippocampus. So
the mobile phones are not necessary tool for learning. In conclusion, it is clear that mobile phones
are not necessary tool for education beside that they can be used as learning, researching, and
communicating devices. They can produce many problems that make learners distract from
education, feel sick and experience cheating. So it is our responsibilities to choose which one is
good or bad about our lives. It is necessary to us to choose the good one which can

Pros And Cons Of Being A Trucker
Being a trucker means spending days, weeks, and even months away from your friends and family.
You are often deployed on cross–country drives with only a few hours' notice – sometimes even less
– and you spend a portion of every assignment driving on some long stretch of road in the middle of
nowhere with nobody around for miles. When you're in a situation like that, the last thing you want
is to breakdown with no means of restarting your truck.
Having a decent set of tools stashed in your truck is a great way to protect yourself if you
breakdown in the middle of nowhere, but it means nothing if you don't have a quality case in which
to store those tools. Failure to keep your tools in a quality tool box will almost definitely result in
their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With a weight of just 11.4 pounds when empty, it is perfect for truck drivers who don't want to slow
themselves down by adding to the load they're already carrying. It will also come in handy should
you ever have to board a freight ferry to complete an overseas delivery.
The Yaheetech Aluminum Tool Box generally sells for under $70, which makes it the least
expensive tool box on this list.
Cons
It's pretty difficult to find any major issues with the Yaheetech Aluminum Tool Box, which is a
testament to the expertise of the brand's design team. It should be pointed out, however, that a
number of Yaheetech customers have complained about the walls of the box being too thin, making
it susceptible to wind and rain.
Summary
A great truck tool box doesn't have to break the bank, as the Yaheetech Aluminum Tool Box proves
beyond a shadow of a doubt. While it doesn't offer the storage or security of some larger, more
expensive tool boxes, it promises to protect your tools against the most common threats, such as
jumps, sudden stops, and

A Report On Finance Co
1. Attachment
a. Finance Co. has a security interest in the bikes
A security interest attaches when (1) there is an agreement, (2) Debtor grants a security interest in
movable property,(2) debtor had the rights in the property, (3) value is given and (4) there is an
authenticated security agreement that describes the collateral . (1) Here, financing had agreed to
grant working capitol to Mikes Bikes. (2) Mike's Bikes as owner of the bikes has rights in the
property. (3) Finance gave value when they granted Mikes Bikes $250,000 in working capitol. (4)
The agreement Finance sent to Mike's Bikes qualifies as a security agreement. This because it grants
a security interest in the bikes. It adequately describes the bikes as inventory. Even though the fact
pattern refers to it as personal property it is not because the property is held in the trade of business.
The bikes are inventory because they are held by the debtor for sale to consumers. The security
agreement is authenticated by the electronic signature of the debtor in the reply email. This is
because multiple documents that are attached to each other can qualify as a security agreement.
Finance's security interest would still attach to the bikes acquired after March 1, 2015 even though
there security agreement did not contain the terms or henceforth acquired. This is because it is
assumed that a secured party would understand that inventory would be sold and replenished and
would therefore, take a security

Primates : Humans And Humans
Primates are considered to be the closest relative to humans and are often classified together under
the Hominidae family. It was thought that humans were the superior group because they were able
to make and use tools but it was discovered by Jane Goodall that Primates are able to make and use
tools as well. Within the subject of primatology, we will be looking the different techniques used
during primate toolmaking and some of the uses for the tools made by primates. We will also be
looking at three different research studies focusing on mandrills, chimpanzees and capuchins which
will give us a better understanding of how primates make tools. By studying this, we can learn about
our close ancestors and how they are able to create and use ... Show more content on
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The use of tools by chimpanzees increased a lot during the past few decades and the likely cause of
that was the growing number of habituated chimpanzee populations combined with a large number
of long–term committed projects that investigate chimpanzee populations in different parts of Africa
(Toth and Schick:2009:294). Chimpanzees would use tools for termite fishing with twigs or grass,
leaf sponges to scoop brains from a cranium or fruit from a husk and would use stone, wooden
hammers and anvils to crack open hard–shelled nuts. In terms of male or female chimpanzees,
females would use tools during arboreal feeding whereas males would use tools to help harvest
terrestrial resources. (Toth and Schick:2009:295).Capuchins are observed to have use sticks to club
a snake and shells to crack open oysters(Westergaard 1995:2). They have also spontaneously used
and modified sticks as probes and stones and bone fragments as cutting and nut cracking
implements(Westergaard 1995:2). Mandrills have been shown to use small wood splinters as tools.
(Pansini and de Ruiter: 2011)
In the review article called: The Oldowan: The Tool Making Of Early Hominids and Chimpanzees
Compared by Nicholas Toth and Kathy Schick, there was a study conducted to find out if modern
apes are able to make and use tools. The study was based off in relation to a pervious

Bloomberg Core Exam Essay
Where can u get help if you have questins about using ghe apiAlll of the above.
Where can you find a guide on bloomberg to using the apiAll of the above
If one were to pull historical end of day prices for ibm us equity vod ln equity and bmw gr equity all
fo the prices would be dominated in three dif currencyies is there a way to make sure all of the data
is in usd and if so how can one do this?
Real–time/ historical wizard>historical end of day>step 4 of 6
Where can one pull curves for usd curncy with the ability to override info such as the curve date
before dragging the data into an excel sheet
Data nevitationWhat tool can I use to find a list of the earches or alerts that I have saved using {INI}
{ULRT <GO>}
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Data nevitationIf one wanted to replicated the bollinger bands study in xecel for ibm us equity
fouwhich excel tools would you use
Technical anlysis wizard
In order to start launchppad, which command do I use on bloomberg
BLP(go)
Whwre can I find cheatsheets on bloombergAll of the abolveTo find earnings estimates for
com[anies historically and also be albe to specify the period that is being estimated the tool to use is
Financials/estimates wizard/earnings estimates.
Using the realtime/historical wizard>real–time/current, you r trying to pull the real–time volume
for goo us equity. On step 2 of 3 you search volume. You see two field mnemonics appear:
PX_volume and volume how can you tell which one is the real time field?
Step 2 of 3 shows a real–time indicator with red and green arrow icons.
Is it possible using the bloomberg excel tools to see real–time for securities that rade intra–day?
Yes
Is there any tool that allows you to earch for prebuild excel sheets that contain bloomberg
data/anaytics?
1 & 3 only template libraty XLTP<GO>
BDP stands for
Bloomberg data point
Launchpad allows a use to customize their desktop with any security that has a ticker on
bloombergTrue
Which bloomberg excel tool, within the real–time/historical wizard would you select to download
historical weekly data

Education Is An Essential Practice
Walsh, K
11/06/2016
Soc–110HA–CL02
Journal 2
Efficiently in education is an essential practice, within myself, in order to achieve and retain
longevity within my current academic schedule, in order to project an optimistic outcome my
performance, I have found the current use of equipment choice, to be my basic laptop(pg,63(par22))
(Ritzier, George,) (2015), no whishes or bells, just simplicity. Whoever, within simplicity, academic
efficiently, has been challenging. the systemic bureaucracy of achieving educational efficiently, has
most defiantly been a learning experience, in developing positive performance in acquiring
academic proficiency.
In order to achieve as a consumer, who has purchased my education, to reach proficiency, in term of
my current educational goals, simplicity, is the key aspect in with my educational structure. I
currently choose, to opt off social media cites, such as Facebook,(facebook.com(pg,63) (Ritzier,
George,) (2015) when currently in study, as I seldom play games on social media, however, I find
my smartphone to be an essential tool, in simplifying in my life style. In terms of equipping,
smartphones are indeed an effective tool to convert all my social media, educational tools, and
career tools, one for instance is LinkedIn.(Linkedin.com) (pg,63, (par22)). I find in developing a
greater understanding in my educational practice, I currently use online dictionaries, such as
"Webster's dictionary online" (www. Merrian–webster.com)

Summary Of Helena Maria ViramontesUnder The Feet Of Jesus
In the passage from "Under the Feet of Jesus", Helena Maria Viramontes utilizes elements such as
figurative language and selection of detail to document and analyze the development of Estrella's
character throughout the text. The perplexity and distress she feels in school is evident until she
matures by the end of the excerpt demonstrating her newly acquired potential and confidence. These
elements demonstrate how an impoverished immigrant like Estrella learns and realizes to understand
critical, essential aspects and use this to rise above her struggles and be up to par to the teacher's
expectations who deemed her unworthy. Her relationship with Perfecto Flores and his toolbox helps
to guide her to acknowledge the everlasting and infinite value of education and its significance.
Viramontes uses figurative language to compare Estrella's confused and frustrated expression when
she sees things that she doesn't understand or know what they are. She compares the tools and
obscure shaped objects from a toolbox to a foreign language that one does not understand to
emphasize the difficulty that Estrella faces when she comes into contact with these tools with a
regular person who comes into a language that is not native to their own. As the text progresses, she
meets Perfecto Flores who enlightens and educates her on the names and purposes of these tools
which proves to be a pivotal point for Estrella who feels as if she just developed her own "language"
or "alphabet". Viramontes

Information Technology Pros And Cons
Introduction
Today is the world of computers, smart phones, and immediate satisfaction. One can easily pick up
his or her smart phone and Google something for a quick, easy answer. The Google world,
according to Aspray (2011), has actually caused a shift in how people research and find necessary
data (p.234). One does not have to go to the library or a print encyclopedia anymore because a
whole world of information can be at one's fingertips through the use of phones, tablets, laptops, etc.
When it comes to finding information, there are both pros and cons to some of the newer
technology. First of all, one improvement would be that information is much more accessible to the
common person. However, the problem comes when there is so much information available that
almost anyone can contribute the massive information bank so that "fake news" and information that
is not completely accurate, and sometimes simply wrong, can become what people are using for
every day information and research.
Although modern technology has allowed for a lot of bad information to spread, it has also allowed
for easier access to accurate information and the professional sources. Many tools have been created
for finding good sources. Library discovery tools are one type of tool that have made searching for
professional sources yet more efficient.
What are Library Discovery Tools?
Discovery tools, according to Aharony (2015), "provide one–box searching for all library content
with a

How To Build A Woodworker's Gym
New Product / Service Proposal
Woodwork gym (NSW Region)
The new venture proposal put forth in the following document explores the idea of a woodworker's
gym. The gym will offer a clean and safe environment which will be a well maintained and staffed
facility. The gym will give members access to all the tools and support needed to exercise the
member's choice of craft and offer an environment and materials to build something amazing or
simply further the members skill set in a safe environment. The gym will offer ample space for a
workshop with ample storage space for the member's projects while also boast training rooms for
seminars and classes hosted by the best artists worldwide catering to all experience levels.
The Woodworker's Gym, is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We will implement trademark/service mark to differentiate ourselves from other companies and
competitors via:
 A logo
 A slogan
The above distinctive signs will identify our organization and the service we provide our members
and will be protected under a trademark.
Patent
The second form of intellectual property that must be implemented is Patent. We must protect the
work and techniques of the artist we fly in to do workshops for the reason that getting artists to
showcase and teach how to create their designs in workshops, we must ensure that the gym
members do not copy these designs and use them as their own to make profit from them. In turn we
must get members who participate in workshops to sign confidentiality agreement not to recreate the
artist's design and sell it. The knowledge and designs of the artists are their intellectual property. We
do not want our competition to eventually use the artists we fly in at our own cost to do workshops
for them. Therefore we must ensure artists sign a contract with us that ensure their IP is exclusive to
our woodworker's

Accountability and the Importance of Taking Care of Your...
Accountability and the Importance of Taking Care of Your Equipment
"Accountability" stems from late Latin accomptare, meaning to account. Accountability in the
military is the obligation imposed by law or lawful order or regulation on an officer or other person
for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The person having this obligation may
or may not have actual possession of the property, documents, or funds. Accountability is concerned
primarily with records, while responsibility is concerned primarily with custody, care, and
safekeeping. Being accountable means being dependable–arriving to work and appointments on
time, meeting deadlines, being in the right place at the right time, doing the right thing at the ...
Then let's see how it goes when you tell your commander you cannot complete the task because you
left your tool at the motor pool. I will tell you it will not go well. They might let it slide once but if it
happens twice or becomes a habit it may result in an article 15 or even cause you to be separated for
your branch of service. Then what will you tell your friends and family when you return home. You
can't tell them you got separated because you couldn't keep track of something as simple as the tools
of your trade.
I was tasked to write this paper because I was in a hurry trying to get a forklift fixed, and I left my
fluke multimeter in the forklift when I left for CQ duty. I was in a real hurry but that's no excuse.
You see in basic they try to get you to do things while you are tired, hungry and out of your element.
They do this so that you can handle going to the field and know what needs to be done and you don't
make a mistake while doing it. While another NCO in my section found the fluke multimeter it
could have been different. I could have lost that piece of equipment for good. Then what would
happen if I needed that piece of equipment for an important mission? I have realized that me leaving
that piece of equipment could have cost me completing a mission

Social Work Case Study
Dan Sutton is currently the general manager of Pismo Oceano Vegetable Exchange also known as
P.O.V.E. He was not just handed this job but he has worked hard in many different positions in the
agriculture industry and worked his way up to this position. Dan got into the agriculture world at an
early age when he would help his father out by working on his 5–acre kiwi farm. Dan loved farming
with his dad as a hobby and was the only boy in the family who liked the work. He graduated with
an Agricultural Business degree from Cal Poly in 2001 after 7 long years of being a student at Poly.
He worked with agriculture companies over the summers and part time during his quarters at Cal
Poly. The work was tough and he worked long hours trying to ... Show more content on
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He oversees most of the operations of the company including overseeing the sales staff, safety
department, food safety, production, harvest crew, finances, and grower relations. He is more
involved with all aspects of the company than I thought he would be. In addition, I learned that he
spends about half of his time in the office and the other half out in the fields or working with people
in other industries of agriculture. I was surprised to find out how much interaction he has with lower
level employees and how much time he actually spends in the fields with the product. I learned
about the unpredictability and fast pace of this job as well. He stated that he never has the same day
twice and really doesn't know what he is going to do each day until he gets his first phone call in the
morning. I found this interesting because it forces you to adapt to situations very quickly and think
on your feet. I also learned that in agriculture you have to be a price taker. This means you cannot be
set on a price because competitors, changes in the market, and quality of each harvested produce can
change the price consumers are willing to pay. Negotiating and financially doing the best things for
the company are an essential part of his

Ab Wheel Essay
Top 10 best ab wheel
What is an ab wheel? An ab wheel is an exercise tool that is very simple but has a high impact on
the person that is using it. It is one of the most important fitness tool that is very affordable and you
can use at home. It will strengthen your abdominal muscle and will improve your flexibility at the
same time. For beginners, it is a very challenging tool for you will need to workout your core
stability. But it is safe to say that using ab wheels have positive results. All you need to do is to find
a perfect ab wheel and start on a flat surface.
The following are the top 10 best ab wheel that is recommended for a fitness buff like you:
10.Milliard roller wheel – it is a very effective but simple tool to use. It strengthens and tones your
muscles such as back, shoulder, arms and most especially the abs. This ab wheel allows you to have
the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
SKLZ core wheels – this core wheels enhances the plank and push–ups exercises than it ever has
before. The wheels on each side causes your torso, shoulders and hips to move harder compared
before. It is sturdy and therefore trusted by professionals and gym instructors. It is colorful and
affordable that combines the look with performance. It is one of the most in–demand exercise tool in
the market today.
06. Lifeline wheel – this is often called as the ultimate core trainer. It has designs and functions that
is best for beginners and professionals alike. It is very sturdy and strong, made of high quality
materials that secures the safety of the user. It is best for strengthening and toning the muscles of
your arms, shoulder and back.
05. Yes4all dual ab wheel – if you are looking for something that is worth your money, then this is
the best choice for you. It has a dual wheel that ensures stability and balance. It is easy and quick to
assemble. It strengthens your shoulder and back but most especially it helps to develop your abs.
You can carry it anywhere you go because this is very

Hirsh's Learning Tools
One major concern many professionals have after acquiring the MSLIS degree is their fear of not
keeping up to date with today's culture and new information. Throughout this chapter Hirsh
discusses many ways professionals can grow and develop in their career and knowledge. Many
useful learning tools can be accessed through the internet. The internet provided many resources
some being, webinars, online courses, articles and blogs. Many of these tools are a free option that
can be found on the internet. Although Hirsh metions the use of blogs and articles to gain new skills
and ideas I believe they also do not provide an in depth explaination. The internet is great for quick
understandings of things but not neccessarily in depth ones. This tends

Internet as a Learning Tool
International Journal of Computing and Business Research ISSN (Online) : 2229–6166
Volume 2 Issue 2 May 2011
INTERNET AS LEARNING TOOL: INDIAN ENGINEERING STUDENT'S PERCEPTION
Vandana Sharma [1], Rishu Chhabra[2]
1 2
Education & Research, Infosys Technologies Limited, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chitkara University, Punjab, India,
ABSTRACT Our global economy now relies on brainpower and innovation rather than manual
labor and raw material as a generator of wealth and good education has become the key part in
shaping the success of the countries. Over the last decade, t h e I T revolution has brought in
advancement that shows increasingly visible effects on the education with the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only can expose people to more inf ormation and more contacts, it can reduce commitment to
community. However, this increased connectivity and involvement. In 2009 there were nearly
81,000,000 users of internet in India. There are many studies available at global level about the
impact of internet on students but studies about Indian engineering students are not available.
INTERNET IN EDUCATION There are number of main advantages of using internet for education
[7] A .Flexibility and Variety The flexibility of the internet is possibly the greatest advantage for
online education. Websites, interactive activities, lecture notes, videoconferencing, webinars,
chartrooms, and blogs, online education students and their educators can interact in ways that are
already known to them. Internet provides user friendly interface
International Journal of Computing and Business Research ISSN (Online) : 2229–6166
Volume 2 Issue 2 May 2011
to user and new users also feel more comfortable with time B. Ease and Low Cost of Access
Internet has defeated the distance barrier for learning. Students need not to move to gain knowledge.
It has become easy and affordable for everyone from a rural area student to a working professional.
For the purpose of interactive courses and videoconferencing rural

Should the Internet Replace the Book As the Chief Tool of...
At present, the Internet and other technology are well–developed and keep improving. People use
those new tools to do everything, and try hard to make human life easier and more perfect. From
business to finances; industry to entertainment; services to education, the use of the Internet has
increased and become more mainstream. Some people believe that the Internet and other electronic
technology can replace all kind of jobs that humans do, including teaching students with screens and
keyboards instead of books. They emphasize that the Internet can help people interact to each other
beyond the barrier of distance, so books are somehow not necessary in human lives. However, in my
opinion, this idea cannot be more ridiculous. Books are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
. . . all it needs is light, a human eye, and a human mind" (2008, ¶ 2). On the other hand, generally
speaking, the publishing process for the book is more stringent and credible than online resources.
As people realize the fact that the Internet is so open and free that everyone can write anything on
the web, a great amount of misleading information have been circulated for perusal around the
network. It is a great challenge to distinguish which of them is true or credible; however,
information from books is basically, generally believable. One of the reasons for this is that people
can easily find out who the author and publisher are of a book. In contrast, an article from a web
page may have trouble to prove its credibility. In short, the Internet cannot always provide valuable
message and information that respects to intellectual property rights. Therefore, people should keep
using book as the chief tool of learning. Another important reason why the Internet and other
technology should not replace the book is that the use of the Internet and other technology may be a
travers of developing social skills. It has been confirmed by sociologists and anthropologists that the
face–to–face communication between people is too important to be ignored in the society. To be
honest, it is

Tool Use And Behavior Of Wild And Captive Capuchins
Tool Use and Behavior of Wild and Captive Capuchins
Introduction
The capuchin monkeys are known as one of, if not the most intelligent monkeys of all New World
species. They reside naturally in the forests of southern Mexico, the West Indies, and Central and
South America, but can be found in zoos and captivity around the globe. Capuchins regularly eat
fruits, insects, and nuts, and spend the majority of their day foraging for food. Capuchins travel and
live in groups, residing in the treetops and canopy of the forest; however, the monkeys will travel
along the forest floor as well. They have prehensile tails that are the same length as their body, have
opposable thumbs, and primarily range from light to dark brown with white facial markings.
Tool Use Among Wild Capuchins While reports of tool use in wild capuchins are moderately scarce,
there is no doubt that tools play an important role in the capuchin lifestyle. The most common tool
used amongst capuchins are stones, which predominantly aid in palm nut cracking and digging.,
Palm nuts and other enclosed foods have protective coatings surrounding the sustenance held inside.
To break open and remove the outer shell, they place the palm nut onto a boulder or large flat stone,
called anvils, and bang a smaller stone against the nut until cracking occurs. The stone has a
hammer–like effect and is sufficient in cracking open palm nuts. Each of the capuchins crack palm
nuts through various methods of efficiency, and is more

Cooperative Learning : A Key Component Of A Progressive...
Cooperative learning consist of five basic elements, 1) Positive Interdependence, 2) Face–to–face
Interaction, 3) Individual Accountability, 4) Social Skills and 5) Group Processing. Research backs
up Marzano's cooperative learning strategy as a key component of a progressive learning tool.
Positive interdependence is the idea that when students are grouped together, they will consciously
be held accountable to one another and share in the responsibility of the project. Team members
work together with the idea that each member plays a vital role in the achievement of their overall
goal due to the obligation to the other members. Face–to–face Interaction involves students working
together to teach each other the material. We have found, through various studies that one of the best
ways to learn a given material is for each member of the group to teach a section to the rest of the
group .Individual Accountability speaks for itself. When a student is held accountable for their
portion of the project and is held accountable by their respective peers, they feel obligated to do
their part of the project. The fourth part of cooperative learning is, in my opinion, the most
important skill learned in this process, the Social Aspect. In the social dynamic of the group,
students learn skills that will take them beyond the walls of the educational institution. Social skills
will guide students in learning communication skills, decision making, cultural learning, conflict
resolution,

Twitter And Twitter : Learning Tools And Engagement
Twitter: Learning tool and Engagement With a generation that utilizes multiple sources of
technology from smartphones to YouTube and Twitter, it is interesting that our educational systems
have become stagnated in adopting the use of these tools. There are some studies that show student
engagement increased with the use of these tools in the classroom (DeGennero, 2008).
Using technology to keep students engaged and connected with the material provided in class as
well as their peers have been overlooked and labels as a distraction. In this study, I will address the
use of technology, specifically social media (Twitter) as a tool for student engagement that will lead
to positive achievement within the course.
In a study done by Journell ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The goal of the study is to show that social media can deepen the understanding of the material by
allowing open and quick communication between peers and teachers thus creating an environment
for increasing engagement in the classroom.
Methods
This study will be comparative research design, the study will compare four high school classes and
the effect of Twitter on student engagement and achievement. The hypothesis of this study is,
Twitter will increase student engagement and achievement when used as a supplemental learning
tool both in and out of the classroom. The null hypothesis is, Twitter will have no effect on student
engagement or achievement. The independent variable in this study the use of Twitter as an
educational tool. The dependent variables will be student engagement and achievement. Twitter is a
social media internet based website, where persons are able to create accounts and communicate
using "tweets". Tweets are 140 character messages and/or post that can be linked using hashtags (#).
Hashtags can be one or more words preceded by the pound symbol "#", the hashtag links comments
and post together. Engagement for the purpose of this study will be defined as student interest and
active participation on Twitter and in classroom discussion. The achievement will be defined as the
actual numerical grade percentage received on the final course project and/ or quiz.
Participants

I Have A Love Of Two Things : Music And Classic Cars
I have always had a love of two things: music and classic cars. It was of no surprise that I purchased
my first muscle car at the age of 17. It was a 1973 Mach I Mustang. In 1999 I began employment at
Bob's Auto Body in Rochester, Minnesota. I was a general shop assistant that was responsible for
cleaning of the shop, maintenance of equipment as needed, and assisting the auto body technicians.
Within six months I had applied and been accepted to Wyoming Technical Institute (WyoTech) in
Laramie Wyoming with the goal of obtaining the knowledge necessary for restoring classic cars to
even better than their original condition. I attended WyoTech from 2000–2001 and graduated with
an Associate of Applied Science Degree in Collision Refinishing Technology with minors in Trim
and Upholstery Technology and Applied Service Management. I returned to Bob's Auto Body upon
graduation to start my dream of car restoration in 2001. It was not long after graduation that the car
restoration business took a hit. Customers either could not afford the high cost of car restoration or
they were looking for a classic car in its original condition. Due to low work volume and a growing
family, I transitioned to the Collision and Refinishing Department of Adamson Motors of Rochester,
Minnesota, in September of 2003. This position involved the repair of vehicles involved in motor
vehicle accidents being repaired through insurance companies or private pay. I was responsible for
my delegated workload as

Web Tools : Collaboration And Learning
Carnethia Dunham– Vickers
EDU 651: Collaboration & Learning
Instructor: Dr. Christopher Sorensen
Date: April 4, 2016
Web Tools
CHAPTER 1 Pages 1–16
1. What are some of the changes we must make in our education system to expand the classroom
walls?
Education has traditionally been very slow to react and adjust to changing times. Teaching to the test
has become the standard in many classrooms in the USA and Canada due to the ongoing push for
government accountability and standardization. Students are much more in tune with technologies
than most of their teachers. The teacher's role is changing in scope the shift is more to the teacher as
a facilitator of learning. Educators can fill this role by teaching the skills student need to become
master user of technology and the internet. The educational system has to adapt to our clients.
Yes, I said clients. Teachers must see students as their clients and personalize course materials and
content to meet the challenges faced in the informational age. Text books are outdated before they
even make it to the classroom. Use of the internet, can help mitigate this dilemma through
appropriate use of blogs and wikis. Accessing and teaching learners how to use the Read/Write Web
is a necessity that cannot be stopped or put off. Attitudes have to change. Richardson (2009) points
out that "....today's students may not be well suited to the more linear progression of learning that
most educational systems employ." (p. 7).

13-In-1 Research Paper
A handheld tool set with multiple tools is great to have for around the home, while out biking or
camping. You won't have to worry about something breaking down and not having the right tools for
the job. Nobody carries a toolbox out with them on a bike ride, but a tool for repairs is essential.
Around the Home
It's handy to have a Snap–On tool for repairs like the 870456 13–in–1 Multi–function Tool. While
you're home, you could dig through your toolbox for the correct tool, but it's easier to have
everything you need in one piece. For example, the 13–in–1 has stainless steel tools like a small
knife, an awl and two screwdrivers. This is a tool you can carry in your pocket while you walk
around the home making small, maintenance repairs.

Improper Use Of Backboards
Every tool created has a proper and improper use. A tool, when used correctly, can assist the user in
successfully accomplishing a job or task. However, if that same tool applied incorrectly or over
used, it can result in undesired outcomes. In the realm of emergency medicine, the application of
backboards and cervical spine precautions has its benefits and its flaws. Since the implementation of
the backboard, it has been used for extrication, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, spinal or cervical
trauma, multi–system trauma, and so on. Although there are indications for the use of backboards,
many personnel either improperly apply or apply when there is no significant injury. This paper will
address reasons why backboards are over used, how ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This can't co–exist with all patients in C–Spine because the used of a backboard isn't implemented
without adverse affects. In a 1994 study, healthy volunteers ages 10–43 were placed on backboards
for only 30 minutes. This resulted in 100% of patients developing moderate to severe pain, with
29% developing pain over the following 48 hours (Bledsoe, 2013). This pain may come from not
padding in voids or improper backboard strap placement or tightness. Keep in mind that these
patients were healthy. If an injured or unhealthy individual was to be placed in the same situation,
their condition may be more severe. For example, elderly or patients complicated with diseases like
obesity, congestive heart failure, COPD, asthma, or pneumonia may suffer from being secured to a
backboard (Morrissey,

Diversity Learning Tool
Is diversity a learning tool? Indeed, a difference of opinion, perspective, and background has been
the cause of some conflict around the world. However, with the proper respect and understanding
found in a classroom environment, it can act as as a success tool for students. In fact, diverse
classroom environment provides multiple academic and social benefits, as it brings unique ideas to
work with, promotes critical thinking skills and even personal growth.
Along with different backgrounds, comes different perspectives, experiences and ideas. When
combining all those together, they complement each other, as the strengths are highlighted, and the
weaknesses are supported. It increases the productivity and interaction in the classroom which ...
A classroom with students from different backgrounds is very beneficial as it helps learners
understand and appreciate cultural differences, as they develop responsiveness of their cultural
beliefs. Students are allowed to break social and ethnicity barriers in the classroom, which will
ultimately lead to breaking them in their daily lives. "This requires open and honest discussion about
difference, and an institutional respect for people of all backgrounds and abilities. In inclusive
schools, the establishment of such a climate benefits everyone by fostering an environment where
students and their families are valued for who they are." (Inclusive Schools Network). Consequently,
being able to understand one another from different backgrounds will aid in maintaining friendships
in the future of this sort, and resolve any lingering conflict, ultimately benefiting the future.
A diverse classroom provides many advantages such as being exposed to different
experiences/perspectives, which helps develop high order critical thinking skills and promotes
personal growth. These factors can help students excel in the future, and help bring the future
generation unite.Multicultural education is broadly defined, takes many forms and has an impact on
every aspect of the school's operation including: staffing, curriculum, testing, disciplinary policies,
students, parents, and community involvement. They will make the society a better place to learn,
work and live

The Lost Tools Of Learning
Dorothy Sayers' The Lost Tools of Learning, mentions medieval education tools as a possible
substitute for the modern day education system. Sayers states, "if we are to produce a society of
educated people, fitted to preserve their intellectual freedom amid the complex pressures of our
modern society, we must turn back the wheel of progress some four or five hundred years"(Sayers,
1). The Trivium, a medieval education style would not only improve students education, but
student's ability to become critical thinkers through Grammar, Logic, and Rhetoric. With the return
of the Trivium to modern day education curriculums, students would once again become better
thinkers. Before we dive into why we should bring back the Trivium, understanding what it it all
about must come first. Medieval curriculum consisted of two parts: the Trivium (primary discipline)
and the Quadrivium (the subjects taught). The Trivium, as a whole, "was, in fact, intended to teach
the pupil the proper use of the tools of learning, before he began to apply them to 'subjects' at all"
(4). Language composed much of Middle Age curriculum. For example, students were expected not
only learn words, but learn the structure of language: "what it was, how it was put together, and how
it worked" (4). Student's learned how to use language, make accurate statements, and learn to argue
and detect fallacies in said arguments. Furthermore, there was a passion involved with learning.
Students did not learn to know

Limitations Of Video As A Learning Tool
2.1.2: Limitations of Video as a Learning Tool
Although video has become prevalent in education, some argue that the very presence of video
inhibits learning. Salomon (1984) measured sixth graders' preconceptions of the ease or difficulty
when processing print or video based lessons. He discovered that lower mental effort was extended
with the television lesson, perceiving television as 'easy,' and print as 'tough,' thus requiring more
mental exertion. He stated, "It stands to reason that when subjects face a task they perceive to be
easy relative to their abilities, their investment of effort decreases" and "no additional effort
expenditure is needed to perform the task that is perceived to be well mastered" (Salomon, 1984:
694). Thus viewers perceive videos as less demanding and invest less mental effort into processing
the information as a result, which negatively influences their learning achievement (Saloman, 1984).
However, since Salomon's work others have conducted research to determine what other effects
could influence a learner's invested mental effort. The category and subject matter of the content
also impacted a viewer's intention to learn from the video material. Kunkel and Kovaric (1983)
discovered that learners view educational content as more serious than entertainment, and
subsequently, altered their motivation to process either information. By analysing college students
and their preconceptions of television shows produced for the Public Broadcasting

University Of Georgia Behavior Program
Capuchin Monkeys
1) Introduction: Capuchin Monkeys are found in the neotropical forests of Central America. Animal
Diversity Web states that the Capuchins have, "one of the widest ranges of all New World Monkeys.
" Capuchin Monkeys are easily adaptable to many different habitats. They can live in a variety of
forest types, both wet and dry. The University of Wisconsin Primate Research Center notes that, "All
Capuchins live in dense habitats. They are arboreal and usually sleep on a branch. " This being said
they can survive in an abundance of areas because of their some special features. These features
include strong gripping hands and a grasping tail, giving these monkeys have a wide range of
locomotion. They are able to run, leap, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then they proceed to slam the rock (as a tool) on the nut to crack it open. Onekind.org mentions that
the Capuchins will collect their palm nuts and then transfer them to the anvils for the purpose of
cracking them open easier. The use of the anvil is another example of the Capuchin tool use. The
Capuchins ability to think ahead and bring the nuts to the anvil show a very skilled way of thinking
in regards to these tools. A third example of tool use in Capuchins is their use of sticks. Onekind.org
says, "capuchins readily insert a stick into a tube containing viscous food that clings to the stick,
which they then extract and lick. " The Capuchins will then use the stick for other things; once they
have a tool they seem to use it for as much as possible, finding multiple different uses for it. They
will use these sticks to get their prey out from tiny spaces and also as, "a rake to sweep objects or
food toward themselves."
3) Captive Capuchins The Journal of Comparative Psychology has one of Fragaszy 's studies where
the Capuchins were studied in labs to try and find food hidden under cups. The first example of this
is called matching to sample. There was a small stair set with two tiers; the bottom containing two
different sized cups and the top tier having one cup matching one of the bottom two. The
experimenter would (out of the monkeys view) put the food under the cup on the bottom tier that
matched that of the top tier. The Capuchins then had

Technology Is An Ever Changing Learning Tool
Technology is an ever–changing learning tool that requires a lot of thought and a lot of practice in
order to utilize it well. There are times when I feel like a leader and there are times when I am the
student in the field of technology. I do understand the importance of using it within my classroom,
but often I do not have the time to use it correctly or to its full potential. Oncu, Delialioglu & Brown
(2008) state that "while there is more technology in classrooms, there is little evidence that these
technologies are integrated into instruction" (p.20). In order for technology to be effective, it must
be implemented well in order to be effective. In any case, technology is a 21st century skill and it
needs to be embraced in the educational community. Standard I: Facilitate and inspire student
learning and creativity.
At this point, I have been utilizing our new Canvas system by creating online quizzes and
discussions. The discussions promote both student reflection and collaborative knowledge among
peers. Students are able to reflect on questions posed at the beginning of the original post and often
must use textual evidence to support their claim. Once they have posted, they are required to reply
to at least one other classmate's response. I believe they engage in learning through this online, face–
to–face environment. Additionally, this format allows the instructor to model an original post as well
as actively respond to students' posts with a reply of

Let 's Play : Is It An Essential Learning Tool?
Let's Play! What is play? Is it an activity one does for enjoyment? Is it an essential learning tool?
The answer is that there is no definite answer. There are professionals who have studied play and
formulated their own answers as to what play actually is. Some say it's unstructured peer
interactions, others say it's structured interaction; some say it's a special and undefinable activity
while others say it's a basic life activity. The reason for this is because play encompasses many
different things and has many different forms. Although the definition of play is not definite, there is
at least one definite thing about play. That is that play is an important and crucial part of any
developmentally appropriate early childhood classroom. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
One result of these inappropriate standards that has been witnessed is the rise in child behavior
problems. In 2007, 9.5 percent of children age four to seventeen were diagnosed with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which was an increase of 22 percent from 2003. The
increase of this diagnosis is thought to be due to the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, which tied
school funding with students performance. If teachers can get their students medicated so they will
sit in one spot and listen longer than student's academic performance will increase and therefore,
school funding will increase. With that being said, teachers have to remove play time and replace it
with work time because they claim that it is too hard and takes too much time to assess a child's
performance while they are playing. Furthermore, a child's need to play is more important than a
teachers need to assess their students the way they want to. Children should not have to sacrifice
their vital play time so that a teacher can give assessments that are unhealthy for the student but
more efficient for the teacher. When did education become about money and not what the students
need to be successful?
Play teaches children more than what's in the textbooks, it teaches essential, everday life skills that
young children are still learning and acquiring. Compromising and sharing are two critical skills to
have, both of which are formed and improved upon throughout one's life. These

Dramatic Play As A Great Developmental Learning Tool
When I arrived to Kidwatch Plus, I was assigned to a class where the children's age range from 4 to
4.5 years old. When I walking the class the children were finishing up with lunch. After lunch they
have 30 minute of free play. The teacher asked me to pick an area where I wanted to observe the
children and I picked the dramatic play area. In dramatic play children pretend to be someone or
something different than themselves. Dramatic play can be a great developmental learning tool
because it allows children to develop skills in areas such as abstract thinking, literacy, math, natural
and social studies, specially helps them to socialize with other children. The dramatic play area was
located in the right corner of the class. The dramatic play area consisted of a small kitchen and
pretend food, a cash register with cash and coins, multicultural dolls and strollers, and a closet with
dress up clothes, hats, scarves, feathers, purses, and shoppings bags. At the time of my observation, I
was able to witness free play of two girls and two boys, a third girl was on and off of the dramatic
play area.
I stayed in the corner where I had access to the entire dramatic play area. I was able to hear and see
everything without disturbing and/or making the children uncomfortable by my presence there.
Diego, went to the closet and grab a police helmet, when the teacher asked him what he was doing
he responded, "I am an astronaut." Eloise, grabbed a doll, a blanket, and a shopping bag

What Is The 10/90 Rule?
The 10/90 Rule is a guiding principle created by Avinesh Kaushik in May of 2006 whose basic
premise is that the budget for a company's analytics program should have 10% of the budget
allocated to the tool and the other 90% allocated to the people who will be supporting the tool: the
analysts. Kaushik advises that even if you purchase the most elaborate analytics tool, you still need
to rely on the analysts to validate and make proper business sense out of the numbers and charts that
the analytics tool is spitting out. From my own personal experience as the analyst for my company's
CRM tool, I generally support this theory. At the moment, I would estimate that we have closer to a
40/60 allocation of budgetary resources for our analytics ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
He specifically reviews the two sides of the budgetary spectrum for analytics tools and how they fit
in to the 10/90 rule. When reviewing free analytics tools, such as Google Analytics, he shows the
obvious issue with the calculation that the 10/90 rule with $0 to the tool would give you a $0
amount to spend on the people. On the other side of the spectrum, he estimates that some tools, such
as Google Analytics Premium and Adobe Marketing Cloud, will cost a flat yearly fee of $150,000.
"If companies spend $150,000 per year on their web analytics tool, then the 10/90 rule would state
that each company should be spending $1.35 million on the brains operating this software." If
estimating a salary of $100,000, "the 10/90 rule states that the company should be able to hire 13.5
analysts to measure what comes in through their premium web analytics tool." While Kaushik
provides a rebuttal for the free analytics software argument in his book "Web Analytics 2.0" by
explaining that most companies would need to hire a company to install and get the tool set up
correctly which would provide you that 10%, I don't feel that is good enough of an explanation to
stand 100% behind the 10/90 rule. I believe that the 10/90 rule should be applied as an initial
"guiding principle" when evaluating the software you will be purchasing and building out your
analytics

Essay On Employee Access To Learning Materials And Tools
This paper will provide a description about the concerns that exit in the real–world pertaining to
employee access to learning materials and tools. There will be an explanation about strategies which
will enhance adult education leadership that will include relevant examples supporting the
explanation. The inclusion of the ways mentoring can enhance personal, professional, and
organizational growth will be presented in this paper.
Employee Learning Materials and Tools Access
Some real–world concerns about employee access to learning materials and tools can include: the
convenience of accessing the materials and tools; will the materials and tools be current once it is
accessed; is there sufficient materials and tools to ensure that ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The professional developments help to foster a transformational culture in the institution;
subsequently, the concept of 'we trust each other to do what's right,' 'people go out of their way for
the good of the department or organization,' and 'new ideas are greeted with enthusiasm' materializes
when access the learning materials and tools that are made available through professional
development. Other resources include the library reference materials available for faculty, access to
the quality equipment and online resources help to foster a transformational culture. The
professional development tools that are online are available for the convenience of the employee
that can be utilized in at any given time; however, this prevent the concerns of being able to access
information after the institution close. Some real–world concerns about employee access to learning
materials and tools can include: the convenience of accessing the materials and tools; will the
materials and tools be current once it is accessed; is there sufficient materials and tools to ensure that
learning will be successful; and, is there sufficient support for the materials and tools. These
concerns seem to surface when an institution is faced with budgets and certain professional

Manta Rays Research Paper
have been used when the manta was smaller and would need to defend itself against predators. As
the mantas became larger in the open ocean, they no longer needed to defend themselves with the
sting. Today, mantas have a cartilage stump as a tail where the sting would be connected to. Like all
animals, mantas have several predators. Sharks, as well as false killer whales and orcas have been
known to eat manta rays. Shark bites are seen in all populations of manta rays, but these bites are
quite often taken from the edges of the manta's wings, which heal quickly and do not leave the
manta with long lasting wounds. In addition to predators, manta rays also face large threats from
humans. Fishing lines can trap manta rays, which leave the mantas

An Effective Tool When Learning Rhythm
Although clapping has proven to be an effective tool when learning rhythm, Kodály's principles also
incorporate other forms of movement in order to internalize the various rhythms. Students learn to
step, clap, and tap the rhythms they hear. By walking around or stepping in place, they learn to feel
the beat and keep tempo. Once they know where the beat is, they clap or tap the rhythm
independently. Finally, they put the two components together. This pre–staff activity, along with
several others, helps build the understanding of rhythmic placement and gives a glimpse of how
different rhythms fit in a measure.
As students begin to comprehend the concept of rhythm, they are introduced to a variety of rhythmic
syllables. In this aspect of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, there is not a universal set of actions directly assigned to each rhythmic value.
Regardless of the exact syllables and movements used, teachers need to provide their students with a
sufficient amount of practice before they attempt to read actual rhythms on the staff.
After rhythmic solfege syllables are learned by rote, students are introduced to written notation.
When they first learn notation, the Kodály Method presents it in Stem Notation. Stem Notation is a
simplified version of the full written notation used in modern compositions. Instead of confusing
young children by forcing them to differentiate between white and black note heads, teachers use
only the stems and flags. Notes values that are larger than quarter notes use the note heads so they
are set apart from the other notes. In order to learn Stem Notation, the students listen to the teacher
present a pattern and they echo it back with claps. Once they have completed that step, they echo the
same pattern on rhythm syllables. From there, students visualize the notation and write rhythm
down.
Through all of its various stages, the Kodály System strongly promotes accuracy in sight–reading.
When children are first exposed to the system, they are taught to clap and stomp along with the
rhythms presented. The method of producing different sounds works well when all of the notes
presented are actual notes. However, as soon as rests are introduced, students tend

Open Learner Model As A Tool For Self Regulated Learning

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