1. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
1
Workshops on Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of
Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Bouna Cisse, P.E., MSc.E.
bouna.cisse@opal-rt.com
Jean-Philippe Gagnon, eng.
jpgagnon@gentec.ca
Derek Brown
derek.brown@alstom.com

2. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
2
• Introduction to HIL Testing of Protection Relays and the use of
HYPERSIM
• About GENTEC and the ALP Series Protection Relays
• HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results
• About ALSTOM Grid and the P476 Busbar Differential Protection Relay
• HIL Testing of P476 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results
• Conclusions
Overview of the Workshops
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

3. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
3
Introduction to HIL Testing of Protection Relays
and the use of HYPERSIM
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

4. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
4
• Microprocessor-based relays evolved with an exponential complexity.
• The devices are then difficult to understand, especially when the user did not experience
the electromechanical relay principles.
• Adaptation is needed with the aggressive advances of technology.
• Real time digital simulators such as HYPERSIM can then play a big role in the development
of protection schemes. It is an essential tool for the homologation of microprocessor
relays.
• Real Time Simulators are also very helpful to train new hires in the protective relaying field.
• The model-driven approach, including IEC61850, is an innovative approach that requires a
new way of thinking about substation automation.
Introduction
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

5. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
5
• Increased confidence in the products to be tested.
• Witness IED compliance to the vendors defined specifications
• Real Time simulators can help relay vendors and designers to improve their devices
• Different markets and customer require dynamic witness testing performed as part
of homologations
• More complex distribution networks due to distributed generation and Smart Grid
• New power system phenomena
• New algorithms to meet system and custmer evolving requirements
Why testing a relay?
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

6. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
6
• Testing of Control and protection Relays
• Possibilities of Interconnections Commissioning
• Operating Strategies
• Allow to Optimize your relays settings
• Usefull for Maintenance and Training purpose
• New Concept for Validation
Why testing a relay?
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

7. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
7
•Transformer Current sizing
•Possibilities of Interconnections Commissioning
•Series Compensation transmission line effects on
relays
•Is your relay behaving correctly near FACTs?
•Test Your protection phylosophy with HIL
Testing a relay for
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

8. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
8
Relay under testOmicron, Megger, Doble test sets
Replay offline simulation
Recorded data from field Limitations
• Open loop
• Fixed V/I and ramp up
• No data alteration/loss
This is a good and proven method for
most “traditional” and “easy” cases
The Traditional Relay Testing Approach…
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

9. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
9
9
About HYPERSIM
• Real-Time Power System Simulator developed by Hydro-Québec for
Electro-Magnetic Transient studies (EMT)
• Originally and currently used by Hydro-Quebec for HIL testing of all
critical controls connected to its power system
• HVDCs, SVCs, Protection relays, PSS, etc…
• Used for off-line simulation, in complement of traditional tools, for
fast-simulation of complex network…
• Example: Detailed Wind Power Plant detailed simulation
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

10. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
10
10
Hardware-in-the-Loop testing at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs…
1996
Analog simulator
(TNA)
2014
HYPERSIM
Digital simulator
« HYPERSIM gathers more
than 30 years of experience in
Real-time Power System simulation »
www.sgi.com
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

11. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
11
Hardware-in-the-Loop testing of HVDC controls at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs…
1
HVDC Controller replica
Simulator Inputs/Outputs
HYPERSIM Parallel Supercomputer
1
2
1
3
2
3
www.sgi.com « Challenging power system requires
powerful and flexible simulation tools… »
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

12. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
12
OPAL-RT & IREQ Collaboration
• In 2012, OPAL-RT and IREQ signed a strategic collaboration
agreement for the shared commercialization and development of
HYPERSIM
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM
OP4500 4-Core
Up to 225 Nodes at 50us
(75x 3Ø Buses)
OP5600 12-Core
Up to 900 nodes at 50us
(300x 3Ø Buses)
UV2000
32 to 2048 Cores
More than 24 000 nodes at50us
(8000x 3Ø Buses)
OP5600 32-Core
Up to 3000 nodes at50us
(1000x 3Ø Buses)

13. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
13
Some Features of
HYPERSIM
CT , PT models Virtual IED and
relay library
Generator, transfo, line, motor, load
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Apparatus internal fault

14. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
14
Interface with Simulink controls
Broad spectrum of
drivers and protocols
DNP3 C37.118 61850
MMS OPC
IRIG-B 1588 UserUser
Some Features of
HYPERSIM
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
TestView
Scripts and macros
Play back recorded data from field
Perform Monte Carlo analysis
Generate reports automatically
ScopeView Analysis

15. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
15
Relay under test
Real-Time
Simulator
Real-time simulators are used by advanced testing laboratories for complex
cases and developing/testing new relay algorithms using new technologies…
Advantages
• Closed loop
• Detailed EMT simulation
• Complex protection schemes
• See effect of the relay on grid
HIL-Testing of Protection Relays
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

16. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
16
About GENTEC and the ALP Series Protection
Relays
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

17. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
17
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM :
Testbench and Results
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

18. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
18

19. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
19
Power System Model
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
Ideal CT 1
(breaker current)
Ideal CT 2
(breaker current)
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
West Side East Side

20. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
20
HIL WITH REAL TIME SIMULATOR
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
To reduce:
• Equipment damage
• Interruption of power
To improve:
• Power Quality
• Safety for all

21. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
21
Application : Standard HIL Testbench
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
www.omicron.at
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
HYPERSIM
Power System Model
ALP 4000 Relay Current Amplifier(s)
(Bushing CT Emulator)
D/A
16 Vpeak
6 phase
CT currents
0-25 A
AC current
Breaker Trip signalsDigital
24 Vdc

22. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
22
Application : Prototype testing without power modules
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
HYPERSIM
Power System Model
ALP 4000 Relay
D/A
16 Vpeak
6 phase
CT currents
Breaker Trip
Signals
Digital
24 Vdc

23. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
23
Transformer Differential Relay Settings
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
Restraint Current (p.u.)
Operation Current (p.u.)
NO TRIP
TRIP WITH RESTRAINT
TRIP WITH NO RESTRAINT Relay Settings:
OPmax = 10 p.u.
OPmin = 0.3 p.u.
Rx = 1 p.u.
P1 = 25 %
P2 = 55 %
Inrush Blocking:
Ih2 / Ih1 = 5%
Ih5 / Ih1 = 5%

24. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
24
External Fault East Side – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

25. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
25
External Fault East Side – Differential and Ih2
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

26. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
26
FLUX
CURRENT
Primary Current
Secondary Current
Actual Flux
Mag Current
Required Flux
ØSAT
0
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 M

27. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
27
Internal Fault East Side – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

28. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
28
Internal Fault East Side – Differential and Ih2
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

29. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
29
Inrush West Side – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

30. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
30
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
Inrush West Side – Differential and Ih2

31. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
31
Inrush West Side (no Blocking) – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

32. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
32
Inrush West Side (no Blocking) – Differential and Ih2
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

33. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
33
About ALSTOM Grid and the P476 Busbar
Differential Protection Relay
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

34. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
34
HIL Testing of P476 Relay with HYPERSIM :
Testbench and Results
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

35. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
35
• Bus are one of the most important component in a network
• Require speed
• Selectivity
• Stability
• High complexity for multiple busbars
• increased costs for engineering and documentation
• increased wirin
Bus Protection Using The Simulator
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

36. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
36
Busbar Protection Must Be:
• RELIABLE
• Failure to trip could cause widespread damage to the substation
• STABLE
• False tripping can cause widespread interruption of supplies to customers / possible power system
instability
• DISCRIMINATING
• Should trip the minimum number of breakers to clear the fault
• FAST
• To limit damage and possible power system instability

37. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
37
Busbar Faults Are Usually Permanent
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Causes of Busbar Faults :
• Falling debris
• Insulation failures
• Circuit breaker failures
• Current transformer failures
• Isolators switchs operated on load or outside their ratings
• Safety earths left connected

38. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
38
Power System Model
HIL Testing of P746 Relay with HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
ZONE 1
ZONE 2

39. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
39
Scheme Tested

40. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
40
Non Conventional Cts
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Two methods are commonly referred to:
 Rogowski Coils
 Optical CT`s

41. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
41
THE IDEA OF THE TEST
Optical link CMU to CVCOM
(proprietary protocol)
CVCOM
Optical link CMU to CVCOM
(IEC 60044-8 protocol)
P746 Relay

42. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
42
Application : IEC-61850 HIL Testbench
HIL Testing of P746 Relay with HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM
Real-Time Simulator
HYPERSIM
Power System Model
P746 Relay
Sampled Values
Breaker CT Currents
MU
Merging Unit(s) & Brk IED(s)
(Ethernet Adapter of Simulator)
GOOSE Messages
Breaker Status & Trip Signal
Station Bus
Ethernet Switch
Process Bus

43. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
43
Zone 1 PHASE TO GRND INTERNAL

44. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
44
PHASE TO GRND INTERNAL

45. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
45
ZONE 1 THREE PHASE FAULT

46. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
46
THREE PHASE FAULT INTERNAL ZONE 2

47. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
47
Conclusions
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

48. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
48
• Real Time simulator can be used for type testing by the relay manufacturer to prove
some change made on the software or for quality control.
• As of today it can be done in a matter of day and repeated as many as we want.
 As type of test can be very involving because use to take months
 A pre-commissioning test can be perform using the same characteristics of a real
network.
 Dynamic testing allow to test the relay applying fault to determine timing of the
relay.
 HYPERSIM is a tool design by engineer for engineers, student and researchers.
Conclusions
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

49. The 7th International Conference
on Real-Time Simulation Technologies
Montreal | 9-12 June, 2014
49
Questions ?
Thank you!
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM