© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Driving the Electric Revolution
Engage with.... ZF
October 14th, 2021
Philip Langley | Dr. Connel Williams | Dr. David Moule
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
ZF Group – Financial Overview 2020
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF
EUR 32.6 billion
sales
153,522
employees
EUR 2.5 billion
Research &
Development
EUR 1.4 billion
investments in
property, plant,
and equipment
EUR 1.0 billion
adjusted EBIT
2
3.2%
adjusted
EBIT margin
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Key Figures – Research and Development
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 3
2.5
2.7
2.5
2.2
2017 2018 2019 2020
7.3%
6.7%
6.1%
7.7%
Research and Development Expenditure
in € billion / share of sales in %
Output Invention Disclosures, Products
and Product Applications
2,164
Invention Disclosures
133
New Products
579
Product Applications
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Sustainability Strategy – Measures to Achieve 2030 Targets
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF
ZF Plants Supply Chain Products
100% green electricity
all ZF Locations worldwide
90% steel from electric arc
furnace, in Europe with
DRI* from natural Gas
50% recycled material
in ZF products
>40% fully electrified
Powertrain
50% CO2 neutral
road transport
in ZF logistics network
Invest 3x more in energy
efficiency (+xx% efficiency
in 10 years)
Setting the course for a sustainable future
© ZF Automotive UK Limited 5
ZF in the UK
2020 sales from ZF UK:
€ 1.7 billion >2,800 staff
in UK as of end of 2020
Shirley ZF Hub UK
£xx m Investment in new
Tech Centre
9 locations
Pontypool, Peterlee, Birmingham, Solihull, Darlaston,
Nottingham, Wrexham, Shirley, Leeds
Divisions of ZF
operate in UK
7 of 9
~1,000 Engineers
in UK
∎
∎
∎ ∎
∎
∎
∎
∎
∎
∎
2020 – ZF Acquires Wabco
2014 – ZF
1999 – TRW
1996 – LucasVarity PLC
1860 – Joseph Lucas & Sons
Long UK Heritage
∎
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
ZF Hub UK: Our new home from October 2021
Innovation for Next Generation Mobility
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 6
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Servo drives Centre of Competence
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 7
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Servo drives Centre of Competence
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 8
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Automated Driving
Vehicle Motion Control
Integrated Safety
Electric Mobility
Next Generation Mobility - Now
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 9
Steer by Wire
Brake by Wire
Rear steer
Elec. Roll Control
Act. Suspension
Seat belt
retractor
Folding steering
wheel
Shift & Clutch
Pumps
Locks
Compressors
AD 1-5 steering
AD 1-5 braking
Advanced
functions
Enhanced
sensing
Cybersecurity
12V à 800V | 50W à 50kW | QM à ASIL-D
Advanced Safety | Advanced Security | Value-added Functionality
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
The Challenge
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 10
ASPICE
Safety: ISO26262
Cyber security: ISO21434
AUTOSAR
Digital Twin Models
12V – 800V
50W – 50kW
QM – ASIL-D
Added Value Functions, e.g.:
Condition monitoring
Haptic Feed-back
Wide range of products
High Design
Effort
High Quality
Advanced
Safety
Advanced
Functionality
Reusable Architecture reduces design
effort across a platform
Reusable Architecture helps to
improve quality
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
All Servodrives have the Same Basic Requirements Structure
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 11
Typical
Servodrive
Requirements
ASPICE level
ISO26262
Cyber security / SOTA
Blocked torque
Excessive / reverse torque
Insufficient / loss of torque
Battery voltage
Battery current limit
Vehicle harness resistance
Stall torque
Max output power
Torque control bandwidth
Temperature
Torque / Velocity / Position control
Battery current export & control
Export motor torque / position / velocity
Thermal protection
Under / over voltage protection
Over current detection
Export system state
2
Y
Y
ASIL-D
ASIL-D
QM…ASIL-D
Torque
QM
Position: ASIL-D
QM
QM
ASIL-B
QM
12V
100A
10mW
5Nm
1kW
500Hz
80 °C
General Hazards
Features
Performance /
Environment
Product B: Electric power Steering
Product A: Active suspension
2
Y
Y
QM
QM
QM
Velocity
QM
Velocity: QM
QM
QM
QM
QM
48V
80A
12mW
6Nm
3kW
800Hz
60 °C
These are fictitious examples to illustrate the concept
and do not relate to a specific ZF product
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Servodrive
Foundation
Model
Architecture
Requirements
Digital Twin
Increased efficiency
Faster response
Embed lessons
Learnt
Improved processes
Improved ASPICE compliance
Reuse
requirements
Solution: Servodrive Foundation Model
Re-use of Software
components
Re-use of Electronic
Libraries
Re-use safety and
security analysis
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF
Reuse test cases
Re-use Digital Twin
Models
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Manage Multiple Architectures
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 13
The Servodrive
Foundation
Model must be able
to handle Multiple
sub-Architectures
in one model
Veh. power
supply
Veh. power
supply
Veh. power
supply
Micro-
processor
Bridge
driver
Motor
Angle
sensor
Veh. comms
bus
Micro-
processor
Bridge
driver
Motor lane
1
Angle
sensor
Veh. power
supply
Veh. comms
bus
Motor lane
2
Micro-
processor
Bridge
driver
Motor lane
1
Angle
sensor
Veh. power
supply
Veh. comms
bus
Bridge
driver
Motor lane
2
Micro-
processor
Veh. comms
bus
Angle
sensor
Isolator
Bridge
driver
Veh. comms
bus
Veh. power
supply
Veh. comms
bus
Veh. power
supply
Veh. comms
bus
Veh. comms
bus
A
B
C
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Digital Twin and HiL
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 14
Servodrive
System
Sub-systems
Servodrive Foundation Architecture Servodrive Digital Twin Servodrive HiL
ECU HiL
Processor in the Loop
ECU
Architecture
Software
Architecture Model Based
Production Code
Motor
Design
ECU
Design
Cyber Security
Software Design
Motor
Architecture
Base Software
Design
Systems Architecture Digital Twin In-the-Loop Verification
© ZF Friedrichshafen AG
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Quietness Understanding In E-drive Technology (QUIET)
• Eighteen month DER collaborative project between ZF and Romax (now part of Hexagon)
• Determine what needs to be simulated to better predict eMotor NVH, and how:
• Close gaps in understanding what needs to be simulated to adequately predict eNVH
• Find computationally and time efficient ways to do these simulations
• Prove the simulation method:
• Set-up the simulation model for a similar, but different eMotor and predict eNVH
• Obtain test data
• Corelate simulation with test data
• Move from analysis to design
• Understand and build on existing processes
• Demonstrate the process can be used to achieve improvements in eNVH
15
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
CAE model:
Validated and
understood
Parallel rig and
model build
Simulation
requirements
identified
Structural
behaviour –
from
test
Insight into system dynamic behaviour
New software capability
Best-practice methods
Improved workflow and processes
Knowledge
gain
Column drive Romax
Evolve model
Rack drive Romax
Evolve model
Electrom
agnetic
behaviour
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
+
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
+
M
o
t
o
r
QUIET: Improved Understanding through Simulation and Test
QUIET DER project in collaboration with Romax Technology (part of Hexagon)
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
QUIET: initial comparison of simulation and measurement
Mode
number
Freq
(Hz)
Romax Evolve Freq
(Hz)
Modal results from test
rig (ZF)
1 1320 1291
2 1961 1963
3 2344 2366
QUIET DER project in collaboration with Romax Technology (part of Hexagon)
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Power electronics, machines and drives collaboration areas
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 18
§ Rotor containment and bearing technologies for high speed machines
§ Motor and electric drive topologies
§ Off-the-shelf 400-800 V inverters for prototyping
§ Additive manufacture of non-active motor components
§ Semiconductors with defined failure modes
§ Additive manufacture of copper coils
§ Prototype lamination production methods
§ Thermoplastics with improved cooling
§ Specialist simulation software, particularly for simulating some of the newer applications mentioned earlier
§ Condition monitoring and prognostics of motors
§ GaN/SiC drive circuits and power stages
§ Sealing systems for flooded motors
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
© ZF Automotive UK Limited
Thank you for your attention – questions?
October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 19
Phil Langley
philip.langley@zf.com
Strategic and business development
Dr. David Moule
david.moule@zf.com
Technical Specialist – Electric Drives
Dr. Connel Williams
connel.williams@zf.com
Srn Engineering Manager, Servo Drives Centre of Competence

Engage with...ZF

  • 1.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited Driving the Electric Revolution Engage with.... ZF October 14th, 2021 Philip Langley | Dr. Connel Williams | Dr. David Moule
  • 2.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited ZF Group – Financial Overview 2020 October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF EUR 32.6 billion sales 153,522 employees EUR 2.5 billion Research & Development EUR 1.4 billion investments in property, plant, and equipment EUR 1.0 billion adjusted EBIT 2 3.2% adjusted EBIT margin
  • 3.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Key Figures – Research and Development October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 3 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.2 2017 2018 2019 2020 7.3% 6.7% 6.1% 7.7% Research and Development Expenditure in € billion / share of sales in % Output Invention Disclosures, Products and Product Applications 2,164 Invention Disclosures 133 New Products 579 Product Applications
  • 4.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Sustainability Strategy – Measures to Achieve 2030 Targets October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF ZF Plants Supply Chain Products 100% green electricity all ZF Locations worldwide 90% steel from electric arc furnace, in Europe with DRI* from natural Gas 50% recycled material in ZF products >40% fully electrified Powertrain 50% CO2 neutral road transport in ZF logistics network Invest 3x more in energy efficiency (+xx% efficiency in 10 years) Setting the course for a sustainable future
  • 5.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited 5 ZF in the UK 2020 sales from ZF UK: € 1.7 billion >2,800 staff in UK as of end of 2020 Shirley ZF Hub UK £xx m Investment in new Tech Centre 9 locations Pontypool, Peterlee, Birmingham, Solihull, Darlaston, Nottingham, Wrexham, Shirley, Leeds Divisions of ZF operate in UK 7 of 9 ~1,000 Engineers in UK ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ ∎ 2020 – ZF Acquires Wabco 2014 – ZF 1999 – TRW 1996 – LucasVarity PLC 1860 – Joseph Lucas & Sons Long UK Heritage ∎ October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF
  • 6.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited ZF Hub UK: Our new home from October 2021 Innovation for Next Generation Mobility October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 6
  • 7.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Servo drives Centre of Competence October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 7
  • 8.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Servo drives Centre of Competence October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 8
  • 9.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Automated Driving Vehicle Motion Control Integrated Safety Electric Mobility Next Generation Mobility - Now October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 9 Steer by Wire Brake by Wire Rear steer Elec. Roll Control Act. Suspension Seat belt retractor Folding steering wheel Shift & Clutch Pumps Locks Compressors AD 1-5 steering AD 1-5 braking Advanced functions Enhanced sensing Cybersecurity 12V à 800V | 50W à 50kW | QM à ASIL-D Advanced Safety | Advanced Security | Value-added Functionality
  • 10.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited The Challenge October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 10 ASPICE Safety: ISO26262 Cyber security: ISO21434 AUTOSAR Digital Twin Models 12V – 800V 50W – 50kW QM – ASIL-D Added Value Functions, e.g.: Condition monitoring Haptic Feed-back Wide range of products High Design Effort High Quality Advanced Safety Advanced Functionality Reusable Architecture reduces design effort across a platform Reusable Architecture helps to improve quality
  • 11.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited All Servodrives have the Same Basic Requirements Structure October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 11 Typical Servodrive Requirements ASPICE level ISO26262 Cyber security / SOTA Blocked torque Excessive / reverse torque Insufficient / loss of torque Battery voltage Battery current limit Vehicle harness resistance Stall torque Max output power Torque control bandwidth Temperature Torque / Velocity / Position control Battery current export & control Export motor torque / position / velocity Thermal protection Under / over voltage protection Over current detection Export system state 2 Y Y ASIL-D ASIL-D QM…ASIL-D Torque QM Position: ASIL-D QM QM ASIL-B QM 12V 100A 10mW 5Nm 1kW 500Hz 80 °C General Hazards Features Performance / Environment Product B: Electric power Steering Product A: Active suspension 2 Y Y QM QM QM Velocity QM Velocity: QM QM QM QM QM 48V 80A 12mW 6Nm 3kW 800Hz 60 °C These are fictitious examples to illustrate the concept and do not relate to a specific ZF product
  • 12.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited Servodrive Foundation Model Architecture Requirements Digital Twin Increased efficiency Faster response Embed lessons Learnt Improved processes Improved ASPICE compliance Reuse requirements Solution: Servodrive Foundation Model Re-use of Software components Re-use of Electronic Libraries Re-use safety and security analysis October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF Reuse test cases Re-use Digital Twin Models
  • 13.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Manage Multiple Architectures October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 13 The Servodrive Foundation Model must be able to handle Multiple sub-Architectures in one model Veh. power supply Veh. power supply Veh. power supply Micro- processor Bridge driver Motor Angle sensor Veh. comms bus Micro- processor Bridge driver Motor lane 1 Angle sensor Veh. power supply Veh. comms bus Motor lane 2 Micro- processor Bridge driver Motor lane 1 Angle sensor Veh. power supply Veh. comms bus Bridge driver Motor lane 2 Micro- processor Veh. comms bus Angle sensor Isolator Bridge driver Veh. comms bus Veh. power supply Veh. comms bus Veh. power supply Veh. comms bus Veh. comms bus A B C
  • 14.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Digital Twin and HiL October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 14 Servodrive System Sub-systems Servodrive Foundation Architecture Servodrive Digital Twin Servodrive HiL ECU HiL Processor in the Loop ECU Architecture Software Architecture Model Based Production Code Motor Design ECU Design Cyber Security Software Design Motor Architecture Base Software Design Systems Architecture Digital Twin In-the-Loop Verification
  • 15.
    © ZF FriedrichshafenAG © ZF Automotive UK Limited Quietness Understanding In E-drive Technology (QUIET) • Eighteen month DER collaborative project between ZF and Romax (now part of Hexagon) • Determine what needs to be simulated to better predict eMotor NVH, and how: • Close gaps in understanding what needs to be simulated to adequately predict eNVH • Find computationally and time efficient ways to do these simulations • Prove the simulation method: • Set-up the simulation model for a similar, but different eMotor and predict eNVH • Obtain test data • Corelate simulation with test data • Move from analysis to design • Understand and build on existing processes • Demonstrate the process can be used to achieve improvements in eNVH 15
  • 16.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited CAE model: Validated and understood Parallel rig and model build Simulation requirements identified Structural behaviour – from test Insight into system dynamic behaviour New software capability Best-practice methods Improved workflow and processes Knowledge gain Column drive Romax Evolve model Rack drive Romax Evolve model Electrom agnetic behaviour C o n t r o l + E l e c t r o n i c s + M o t o r QUIET: Improved Understanding through Simulation and Test QUIET DER project in collaboration with Romax Technology (part of Hexagon)
  • 17.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited QUIET: initial comparison of simulation and measurement Mode number Freq (Hz) Romax Evolve Freq (Hz) Modal results from test rig (ZF) 1 1320 1291 2 1961 1963 3 2344 2366 QUIET DER project in collaboration with Romax Technology (part of Hexagon)
  • 18.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited © ZF Automotive UK Limited Power electronics, machines and drives collaboration areas October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 18 § Rotor containment and bearing technologies for high speed machines § Motor and electric drive topologies § Off-the-shelf 400-800 V inverters for prototyping § Additive manufacture of non-active motor components § Semiconductors with defined failure modes § Additive manufacture of copper coils § Prototype lamination production methods § Thermoplastics with improved cooling § Specialist simulation software, particularly for simulating some of the newer applications mentioned earlier § Condition monitoring and prognostics of motors § GaN/SiC drive circuits and power stages § Sealing systems for flooded motors
  • 19.
    © ZF AutomotiveUK Limited © ZF Automotive UK Limited Thank you for your attention – questions? October 14th, 2021 | Engage with .... ZF 19 Phil Langley philip.langley@zf.com Strategic and business development Dr. David Moule david.moule@zf.com Technical Specialist – Electric Drives Dr. Connel Williams connel.williams@zf.com Srn Engineering Manager, Servo Drives Centre of Competence