China now has to engage in a diversified national landscape where different sectors of
society have impact on socio-political life and other foreign actors, including the USA and
Japan, are seeking to gain political and economic influence.
• China has made important steps in recognising these changes. In contrast to reliance on
“government-to-government” relations under military rule, Chinese interests have begun to
interact with Myanmar politics and society more broadly. A “landbridge” strategy connecting
China to the Bay of Bengal has also been superseded by the aspiring, but still uncertain,
“One Belt, One Road” initiative of President Xi Jinping to connect China westwards by land
and sea with Eurasia and Africa.
The One Belt One Road initiative proposed by China focuses on connectivity and cooperation among over 60 countries in Asia, Europe, the Middle East and Africa. It consists of two components: the land-based "Silk Road Economic Belt" and the sea-based "21st Century Maritime Silk Road". The initiative aims to develop prosperity in underdeveloped parts of China and partner countries along the routes. It covers key sectors like infrastructure, energy, manufacturing and financial services. While it presents many opportunities, there are also risks involving uncertainty from government approvals, cultural differences, political instability and legal inconsistencies among the diverse partner countries.
The document discusses China's One Belt One Road initiative from Bangladesh's perspective. It defines the initiative as China's plan to connect over 60 countries through infrastructure and trade links along both land-based and maritime routes. It outlines the main routes, goals of promoting connectivity, trade, and relations among countries. It discusses opportunities for Bangladesh in infrastructure, trade, and private sector development, but also challenges in managing relations with India and having strong bargaining power. The conclusion emphasizes the need for Bangladesh to engage in strong diplomacy and extensive research around the initiative.
Summary: China's "One Belt One Road" Initiative: Insights for Finland. Team F...Team Finland Future Watch
What implications on business in shorter and longer term does the largest infrastructure initiative of our time - China’s “One Belt One Road” - provide for Finnish companies and for Europe in strategic terms? Team Finland Future Watch is contributing to the discussion by providing two studies on the subject: one for China and one for Kazakhstan. The following report is about the China’s OBOR initiative.
The New Silk Road, also known as the One Belt One Road Initiative, is a massive infrastructure project proposed by China that aims to connect 68 countries through overland and maritime networks. It seeks to link China to Central Asia, West Asia, and parts of South Asia through railways, roads, pipelines and other infrastructure to create the world's largest platform for economic cooperation. The project is inspired by the historic Silk Road trade routes that connected China to Central Asia and Europe over 2,000 years ago.
Many people think that One Belt One Road Initiative is about China. In reality, this is a transport highway between China and more than 64 countries in Asia, Europe and Africa. To find out how you too can benefit from this Belt Road Initiative or One Belt One Road, contact Andy Ng at 65-82014347 now
OBOR(One Belt One Road) is a strategic move of China to enhance land and sea communication with Asia,Europe and Russia.PWC paper goes in its genesis.In may 2017 OBOR seminar held in China were attended by all important countries but India decided to boycott the same
Part 2-How China’s Belt and Road Initiative is Transforming Global Infrastruc...Pamir Law Group
Lessons Learned/Case Studies: How China’s Belt and Road Initiative (“BRI”) is Transforming Global Infrastructure and Connectivity to Empower Indigenous/International Entrepreneurs to Create Jobs, Transfer Technology and Generate Wealth and Change the Future of Economic Development. Through a series of fast moving slides and photographs the audience could see how the BRI was redrawing the geopolitical supply chain and connectivity across many regions and that the changes were not just concrete and steel but also transformative through the internet and financial supports. The narrative was far broader than the narrow western media focus on debt trap. It was noted that financing of infrastructure always had a cost of money and with the revenues generated economic development was possible. The presentation provided examples of how state infrastructure investment brought private entrepreneurs and corporate investment which generated jobs, job training, middle class, managerial class development and new export industries and revenues along with largely local hiring by Chinese companies. With the anticipated loss of over 300 million manufacturing jobs in China in the next few years, nations that prepared stood to benefit from the transfers to change their national trajectories and the velocities on those raised trajectories.
China now has to engage in a diversified national landscape where different sectors of
society have impact on socio-political life and other foreign actors, including the USA and
Japan, are seeking to gain political and economic influence.
• China has made important steps in recognising these changes. In contrast to reliance on
“government-to-government” relations under military rule, Chinese interests have begun to
interact with Myanmar politics and society more broadly. A “landbridge” strategy connecting
China to the Bay of Bengal has also been superseded by the aspiring, but still uncertain,
“One Belt, One Road” initiative of President Xi Jinping to connect China westwards by land
and sea with Eurasia and Africa.
The One Belt One Road initiative proposed by China focuses on connectivity and cooperation among over 60 countries in Asia, Europe, the Middle East and Africa. It consists of two components: the land-based "Silk Road Economic Belt" and the sea-based "21st Century Maritime Silk Road". The initiative aims to develop prosperity in underdeveloped parts of China and partner countries along the routes. It covers key sectors like infrastructure, energy, manufacturing and financial services. While it presents many opportunities, there are also risks involving uncertainty from government approvals, cultural differences, political instability and legal inconsistencies among the diverse partner countries.
The document discusses China's One Belt One Road initiative from Bangladesh's perspective. It defines the initiative as China's plan to connect over 60 countries through infrastructure and trade links along both land-based and maritime routes. It outlines the main routes, goals of promoting connectivity, trade, and relations among countries. It discusses opportunities for Bangladesh in infrastructure, trade, and private sector development, but also challenges in managing relations with India and having strong bargaining power. The conclusion emphasizes the need for Bangladesh to engage in strong diplomacy and extensive research around the initiative.
Summary: China's "One Belt One Road" Initiative: Insights for Finland. Team F...Team Finland Future Watch
What implications on business in shorter and longer term does the largest infrastructure initiative of our time - China’s “One Belt One Road” - provide for Finnish companies and for Europe in strategic terms? Team Finland Future Watch is contributing to the discussion by providing two studies on the subject: one for China and one for Kazakhstan. The following report is about the China’s OBOR initiative.
The New Silk Road, also known as the One Belt One Road Initiative, is a massive infrastructure project proposed by China that aims to connect 68 countries through overland and maritime networks. It seeks to link China to Central Asia, West Asia, and parts of South Asia through railways, roads, pipelines and other infrastructure to create the world's largest platform for economic cooperation. The project is inspired by the historic Silk Road trade routes that connected China to Central Asia and Europe over 2,000 years ago.
Many people think that One Belt One Road Initiative is about China. In reality, this is a transport highway between China and more than 64 countries in Asia, Europe and Africa. To find out how you too can benefit from this Belt Road Initiative or One Belt One Road, contact Andy Ng at 65-82014347 now
OBOR(One Belt One Road) is a strategic move of China to enhance land and sea communication with Asia,Europe and Russia.PWC paper goes in its genesis.In may 2017 OBOR seminar held in China were attended by all important countries but India decided to boycott the same
Part 2-How China’s Belt and Road Initiative is Transforming Global Infrastruc...Pamir Law Group
Lessons Learned/Case Studies: How China’s Belt and Road Initiative (“BRI”) is Transforming Global Infrastructure and Connectivity to Empower Indigenous/International Entrepreneurs to Create Jobs, Transfer Technology and Generate Wealth and Change the Future of Economic Development. Through a series of fast moving slides and photographs the audience could see how the BRI was redrawing the geopolitical supply chain and connectivity across many regions and that the changes were not just concrete and steel but also transformative through the internet and financial supports. The narrative was far broader than the narrow western media focus on debt trap. It was noted that financing of infrastructure always had a cost of money and with the revenues generated economic development was possible. The presentation provided examples of how state infrastructure investment brought private entrepreneurs and corporate investment which generated jobs, job training, middle class, managerial class development and new export industries and revenues along with largely local hiring by Chinese companies. With the anticipated loss of over 300 million manufacturing jobs in China in the next few years, nations that prepared stood to benefit from the transfers to change their national trajectories and the velocities on those raised trajectories.
Interested to learn more about One Belt One Road (OBOR) also known as Belt and Road Initiative? China’s ambitious development strategy to promote economic co-operation among countries along the ancient Silk Road. Estimated infrastructure investment required is well over $8 Trillion over the next decade.
The Belt and Road from the other end: A European Perspective by Alicia Garcia...HKUST IEMS
The document analyzes the Belt and Road initiative from a European perspective. It provides background on what the Belt and Road initiative entails, including infrastructure investment goals. It then draws comparisons between the Belt and Road and the post-World War 2 Marshall Plan that rebuilt Europe. Key similarities discussed include both plans initially focusing on economic reconstruction but later shifting to geopolitical and security goals. The document also empirically analyzes the potential trade impacts of the Belt and Road, finding some European countries may see increased trade while others may see declines. Reduced transportation costs are found to significantly boost international trade.
The document summarizes the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), formerly known as One Belt One Road. It discusses the history and goals of the ancient Silk Road that inspired the initiative. The BRI aims to boost connectivity and trade across Eurasia through infrastructure development. It provides details on China's plans and motivations for the initiative, as well as advantages and disadvantages for countries involved. Risks are also outlined. The conclusion discusses India's concerns with and unlikely participation in the BRI.
The Belt and Road Initiative is China's development strategy proposed by President Xi Jinping to boost connectivity and cooperation among Eurasian countries. It focuses on developing land-based Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The initiative aims to coordinate infrastructure investment and manufacturing capacity among countries along six corridors to diversify China's transportation routes and productively use its capital reserves while taking on a larger global economic role. For Bangladesh, it could provide benefits like improved infrastructure connectivity to China and Southeast Asia, increased trade and investment opportunities, and financial cooperation.
Sustainable Development and the Belt Road InitiativeOECD Environment
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is China's effort to enhance inter-regional connectivity through infrastructure, trade, policy, finance, and people. It involves building six economic corridors connecting China to Central and South Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The BRI spans over 60 countries containing 39% of the world's land area and over half of global GDP, trade, and CO2 emissions. It presents both opportunities such as green finance and technologies, as well as challenges like environmental degradation. The UN Environment aims to support sustainable development through the BRI by providing guidance, capacity building, and facilitating multi-stakeholder cooperation.
Over View of China Pakistan Economic Corridor ("CPEC") as a part of One Belt and One Road Project ("OBOR") or Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road .
The document provides an introduction to China's "Belt and Road Initiatives" which aims to improve connectivity and cooperation among countries in Eurasia, Africa and the Pacific. It discusses:
1) The origins and goals of the Belt and Road Initiative which was announced in 2013 and aims to build trade and infrastructure networks along ancient Silk Road trade routes.
2) How the initiative has expanded beyond the original regional focus to include over 100 participating countries worldwide through projects funded by Chinese banks and investment vehicles.
3) The relevance and potential areas of cooperation for New Zealand in the initiative, including through the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.
4) The role of Bank of China in supporting the initiative through funding projects along
“One Belt One Road and RMB Internationalization—A Strategic Alliance” Larry Catá Backer
Focus: Consideration of the peripheral structures of Chinese trade and investment policy and its potential effects on RMB internationalization. Thesis: RMB internationalization is one small part of a larger more ambitious project: (1) External: An integral part of Chinese trade and development policies; an interlocking set of objectives to solidify the all around central position of China; (2) Internal: Core of socialist modernization and development of productive forces within China; situating China at center of global commerce essential for next stage of economic and political development.
Structures of discussion: (1) Situating RMB internationalization within broader issues of Chinese policy; (2) The OBOR initiative and related development efforts. Last section considers putting the pieces together; and (3) Tie it back to issues of reality (trade and investment use) and perception (consensus of others states)
Why are OBOR and RMB internationalization linked? (1) Stability; (2) Development; and (3) Control
The document summarizes China's Belt and Road Initiative, which aims to connect China to Europe, the Middle East, and Africa through overland and maritime networks. The initiative involves building highways, rail routes, ports, pipelines and other infrastructure to increase connectivity and trade. China will fund the projects through various Chinese state-owned banks and investment funds. The initiative provides advantages for participating countries but India has objections due to concerns about Chinese investments in Pakistan and strategic implications for India.
The One Belt One Road initiative established by China's President Xi Jinping aims to modernize the ancient Silk Road trading routes through extensive long-term infrastructure projects connecting over 70 countries across Asia, Europe, and Africa. The initiative could involve over $26 trillion in infrastructure investment needs across participating countries and China has already pledged $1 trillion. Key objectives include promoting connectivity and economic linkage between countries along the route to foster stability and mutual understanding in the region. Major economic and geopolitical benefits for China include accessing new markets for its goods and reducing dependence on the Malacca Strait for energy imports. While Bangladesh stands to gain from increased trade and investment opportunities through participation, it also faces challenges around absorbing large investments and maintaining macroeconomic stability
The One Belt One Road initiative, introduced in 2013, aims to connect China to Europe, Africa and Asia through overland and maritime networks of infrastructure and investment. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor is a $46 billion investment that links Chinese Xinjiang to Pakistan's Gwadar Port, developing roads, railways and energy projects. It will boost trade, investment and GDP for both countries while addressing Pakistan's infrastructure deficit. Some risks include threatening local industries' competitiveness and increasing Pakistan's dependence on China.
The document discusses China's One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative. It was introduced by Xi Jinping in 2013 to develop infrastructure and connectivity along an overland and maritime route connecting China to Europe and Africa. Approximately 70 countries have joined and the estimated budget is $8 trillion. The initiative aims to boost China's GDP, develop international influence, and channel capacity. It proposes six economic corridors and one maritime route connecting China to countries in Asia, Africa, and Europe.
The document is a research paper on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a component of China's One Belt, One Road initiative. It provides an introduction to CPEC and OBOR, stating that CPEC is a significant part of OBOR that aims to connect China to markets in Asia, Africa, and Europe through infrastructure development. The research paper examines CPEC and its importance for China's trade and geopolitical goals. It concludes that CPEC is a vital component of OBOR that could transform global trade but also faces challenges from other countries that view it as threatening to the existing world order.
China's Belt and Road Initiative Presentation - 31st March 2021Morlai Kargbo, FCCA
The Belt and Road Initiative is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by China in 2013. It aims to invest in projects across Asia, Europe, and Africa along six major land and sea corridors to connect China to international markets. The massive project, estimated to cost $4-8 trillion, includes plans for roads, railways, ports, and other infrastructure. Both China and participating countries hope it will encourage regional connectivity and economic growth. However, some critics argue that it may allow China to gain political influence and could burden some nations with unsustainable debt.
The directions of development of the new Chinese ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (...Przegląd Politologiczny
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the directions of development
of the new Chinese ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) or ‘One Belt, One Road’ (OBOR) as a project
launched by China to develop countries and improve global connectivity. First unveiled in 2013 by
Chinese President Xi Jinping, the initiative continues to grow in scale and popularity. The initiative is
focused on creating networks that will allow for a more efficient and productive free flow of trade as
well as further integration of international markets both physically and digitally. BRI is comprised of
the ‘21st Century Maritime Silk Road’ and the ‘Silk Road Economic Belt;’ together they will connect
more than 65 countries making up over 62% of the world’s population, around 35% of the world’s trade
and over 31% of the world’s GDP. It will take the form of a series of highways, railways and ports as
well as facilities for energy, telecommunications, healthcare and education. It must be emphasized that
the initiative merges both the land-based Silk Road (from China via Central Asia to Turkey and the EU)
with the Maritime Route (via the Indian Ocean and Africa to Europe). Both routes were created with the
intention of developing transportation infrastructure, facilitating economic development and increasing
trade. This 21st-century initiative is not merely for China to romanticize its historical legacies: it carries
major strategic economic and geopolitical calculations. The EU must decide now if and how to engage
in these emerging processes. The main aim of the article is to present the directions of development of
the new Chinese ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) as a project, launched by China to develop countries
and improve global connectivity
China cutting CO2 emissions related to shipbuilding and usage of vessels, Tea...Team Finland Future Watch
China is implementing policies to reduce CO2 emissions from shipbuilding and vessel usage. New emissions standards for coastal and inland vessels will be introduced in 2018 and 2021 respectively, focusing on particulate matter and other pollutants. China is also promoting technologies like LNG fuel and shore power to cut emissions. The government's 5-year plans establish targets for reducing emissions from shipping activities. Finnish companies should consider local partnerships and production to successfully supply the Chinese market as it transitions to lower-emissions shipping.
China's Buzzwords and Hot-Topics: A Post-2015 "Two Sessions" AnalysisAllegravita
This presentation analyzes the personality of Xi Jinping and the many opaque political buzzwords of the Chinese Communist Party under Xi's administration, especially since the conclusion of this year's "Two Sessions" (两会). Topics include: the Four Comprehensives (四个全面), the Chinese Dream (中国梦), One Belt One Road (一带一路), the New Normal (新常态), Smash the Tigers and Flies (一起打老虎苍蝇).
One belt one road insights for finland, Team Finland Future Watch Report, Jan...Team Finland Future Watch
The One Belt One Road initiative aims to connect over 60 countries through physical, commercial, cultural and other links. The "One Belt" refers to recreating old land-based Silk Road trade routes from China through Central Asia to Europe. The "One Road" refers to a maritime route connecting China to Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. The initiative aims to achieve policy coordination, build infrastructure to enhance connectivity, increase trade and investment, promote financial integration and foster better relations among participating nations. It is a high priority for China and is being organized through government agencies and ministries.
Eak prasad duwadi opportunities and challenges for nepal under the backgrou...eak prasad duwadi
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for Nepal under China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It argues that BRI could transform Nepal from a landlocked country to a land-linked country, providing economic and political benefits by connecting Nepal to China and South Asia. Key opportunities include reviving tourism through the ancient Silk Road, increasing manufacturing exports through Nepal, and reducing trade costs. However, risks also exist, such as security challenges and uncertainty around project feasibility. The conclusion states that BRI could help bridge India and China through Nepal, but successful implementation faces major risks. It recommends strengthening cooperation between China and Nepal through policies that boost connectivity while respecting each other's sovereignty.
China has been planning for decades to return the Chinese Empire once again and has developed a master plan to dominate the world through the Belt and Road Initiative “BRI”.
The Return of Chinese Empire
Chinese Debt-Trap Diplomacy
Since the beginning of the second millennium, China has begun to plan for the restoration of its former empire.
China began to control its soft economic power, which has gained control in many countries of the world, especially in Africa. That soft power, which was later called the Chinese debt trap.
Unfortunately, many countries suffer from major economic disasters as a result of falling into that trap.
The Chinese government is launching Chinese state-owned enterprises to these countries and is backed by billions of dollars from Chinese sovereign wealth funds, and these companies are seeking to buy and buy corrupt officials in those countries to prepare the country to fall into China's debt trap.
Chinese enterprises are implementing infrastructure projects in that country, financed by high interest and falsehood, and projects are starting to realize huge losses, and then China is trading these countries to acquire assets to repay the debt.
There are many international examples, including but not limited to (Venezuela - Kenya - Ethiopia - Sri Lanka - Pakistan - Zimbabwe - Ghana - ...).
In this report, we will first analyze the so-called China's deception, with some examples and what China does with its global partners.
Shady Abo El-Fetoh
The One Belt, One Road initiative aims to revive the ancient Silk Road trading routes through the New Silk Road Economic Belt and New Maritime Silk Road. It calls for countries along these routes to strengthen cultural and economic ties through communication, cooperation, and building mutual political and economic relationships to create an inclusive community with shared interests.
China is promoting an initiative called the One Belt, One Road project that involves reviving the ancient Silk Road trade routes connecting China to Europe via land and sea. The project consists of the Silk Road Economic Belt focused on overland routes and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road that connects sea ports across three continents from China to Europe. The map shows many of the countries and cities that would be connected through these modernized trade routes.
Interested to learn more about One Belt One Road (OBOR) also known as Belt and Road Initiative? China’s ambitious development strategy to promote economic co-operation among countries along the ancient Silk Road. Estimated infrastructure investment required is well over $8 Trillion over the next decade.
The Belt and Road from the other end: A European Perspective by Alicia Garcia...HKUST IEMS
The document analyzes the Belt and Road initiative from a European perspective. It provides background on what the Belt and Road initiative entails, including infrastructure investment goals. It then draws comparisons between the Belt and Road and the post-World War 2 Marshall Plan that rebuilt Europe. Key similarities discussed include both plans initially focusing on economic reconstruction but later shifting to geopolitical and security goals. The document also empirically analyzes the potential trade impacts of the Belt and Road, finding some European countries may see increased trade while others may see declines. Reduced transportation costs are found to significantly boost international trade.
The document summarizes the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), formerly known as One Belt One Road. It discusses the history and goals of the ancient Silk Road that inspired the initiative. The BRI aims to boost connectivity and trade across Eurasia through infrastructure development. It provides details on China's plans and motivations for the initiative, as well as advantages and disadvantages for countries involved. Risks are also outlined. The conclusion discusses India's concerns with and unlikely participation in the BRI.
The Belt and Road Initiative is China's development strategy proposed by President Xi Jinping to boost connectivity and cooperation among Eurasian countries. It focuses on developing land-based Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The initiative aims to coordinate infrastructure investment and manufacturing capacity among countries along six corridors to diversify China's transportation routes and productively use its capital reserves while taking on a larger global economic role. For Bangladesh, it could provide benefits like improved infrastructure connectivity to China and Southeast Asia, increased trade and investment opportunities, and financial cooperation.
Sustainable Development and the Belt Road InitiativeOECD Environment
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is China's effort to enhance inter-regional connectivity through infrastructure, trade, policy, finance, and people. It involves building six economic corridors connecting China to Central and South Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The BRI spans over 60 countries containing 39% of the world's land area and over half of global GDP, trade, and CO2 emissions. It presents both opportunities such as green finance and technologies, as well as challenges like environmental degradation. The UN Environment aims to support sustainable development through the BRI by providing guidance, capacity building, and facilitating multi-stakeholder cooperation.
Over View of China Pakistan Economic Corridor ("CPEC") as a part of One Belt and One Road Project ("OBOR") or Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road .
The document provides an introduction to China's "Belt and Road Initiatives" which aims to improve connectivity and cooperation among countries in Eurasia, Africa and the Pacific. It discusses:
1) The origins and goals of the Belt and Road Initiative which was announced in 2013 and aims to build trade and infrastructure networks along ancient Silk Road trade routes.
2) How the initiative has expanded beyond the original regional focus to include over 100 participating countries worldwide through projects funded by Chinese banks and investment vehicles.
3) The relevance and potential areas of cooperation for New Zealand in the initiative, including through the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.
4) The role of Bank of China in supporting the initiative through funding projects along
“One Belt One Road and RMB Internationalization—A Strategic Alliance” Larry Catá Backer
Focus: Consideration of the peripheral structures of Chinese trade and investment policy and its potential effects on RMB internationalization. Thesis: RMB internationalization is one small part of a larger more ambitious project: (1) External: An integral part of Chinese trade and development policies; an interlocking set of objectives to solidify the all around central position of China; (2) Internal: Core of socialist modernization and development of productive forces within China; situating China at center of global commerce essential for next stage of economic and political development.
Structures of discussion: (1) Situating RMB internationalization within broader issues of Chinese policy; (2) The OBOR initiative and related development efforts. Last section considers putting the pieces together; and (3) Tie it back to issues of reality (trade and investment use) and perception (consensus of others states)
Why are OBOR and RMB internationalization linked? (1) Stability; (2) Development; and (3) Control
The document summarizes China's Belt and Road Initiative, which aims to connect China to Europe, the Middle East, and Africa through overland and maritime networks. The initiative involves building highways, rail routes, ports, pipelines and other infrastructure to increase connectivity and trade. China will fund the projects through various Chinese state-owned banks and investment funds. The initiative provides advantages for participating countries but India has objections due to concerns about Chinese investments in Pakistan and strategic implications for India.
The One Belt One Road initiative established by China's President Xi Jinping aims to modernize the ancient Silk Road trading routes through extensive long-term infrastructure projects connecting over 70 countries across Asia, Europe, and Africa. The initiative could involve over $26 trillion in infrastructure investment needs across participating countries and China has already pledged $1 trillion. Key objectives include promoting connectivity and economic linkage between countries along the route to foster stability and mutual understanding in the region. Major economic and geopolitical benefits for China include accessing new markets for its goods and reducing dependence on the Malacca Strait for energy imports. While Bangladesh stands to gain from increased trade and investment opportunities through participation, it also faces challenges around absorbing large investments and maintaining macroeconomic stability
The One Belt One Road initiative, introduced in 2013, aims to connect China to Europe, Africa and Asia through overland and maritime networks of infrastructure and investment. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor is a $46 billion investment that links Chinese Xinjiang to Pakistan's Gwadar Port, developing roads, railways and energy projects. It will boost trade, investment and GDP for both countries while addressing Pakistan's infrastructure deficit. Some risks include threatening local industries' competitiveness and increasing Pakistan's dependence on China.
The document discusses China's One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative. It was introduced by Xi Jinping in 2013 to develop infrastructure and connectivity along an overland and maritime route connecting China to Europe and Africa. Approximately 70 countries have joined and the estimated budget is $8 trillion. The initiative aims to boost China's GDP, develop international influence, and channel capacity. It proposes six economic corridors and one maritime route connecting China to countries in Asia, Africa, and Europe.
The document is a research paper on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a component of China's One Belt, One Road initiative. It provides an introduction to CPEC and OBOR, stating that CPEC is a significant part of OBOR that aims to connect China to markets in Asia, Africa, and Europe through infrastructure development. The research paper examines CPEC and its importance for China's trade and geopolitical goals. It concludes that CPEC is a vital component of OBOR that could transform global trade but also faces challenges from other countries that view it as threatening to the existing world order.
China's Belt and Road Initiative Presentation - 31st March 2021Morlai Kargbo, FCCA
The Belt and Road Initiative is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by China in 2013. It aims to invest in projects across Asia, Europe, and Africa along six major land and sea corridors to connect China to international markets. The massive project, estimated to cost $4-8 trillion, includes plans for roads, railways, ports, and other infrastructure. Both China and participating countries hope it will encourage regional connectivity and economic growth. However, some critics argue that it may allow China to gain political influence and could burden some nations with unsustainable debt.
The directions of development of the new Chinese ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (...Przegląd Politologiczny
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the directions of development
of the new Chinese ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) or ‘One Belt, One Road’ (OBOR) as a project
launched by China to develop countries and improve global connectivity. First unveiled in 2013 by
Chinese President Xi Jinping, the initiative continues to grow in scale and popularity. The initiative is
focused on creating networks that will allow for a more efficient and productive free flow of trade as
well as further integration of international markets both physically and digitally. BRI is comprised of
the ‘21st Century Maritime Silk Road’ and the ‘Silk Road Economic Belt;’ together they will connect
more than 65 countries making up over 62% of the world’s population, around 35% of the world’s trade
and over 31% of the world’s GDP. It will take the form of a series of highways, railways and ports as
well as facilities for energy, telecommunications, healthcare and education. It must be emphasized that
the initiative merges both the land-based Silk Road (from China via Central Asia to Turkey and the EU)
with the Maritime Route (via the Indian Ocean and Africa to Europe). Both routes were created with the
intention of developing transportation infrastructure, facilitating economic development and increasing
trade. This 21st-century initiative is not merely for China to romanticize its historical legacies: it carries
major strategic economic and geopolitical calculations. The EU must decide now if and how to engage
in these emerging processes. The main aim of the article is to present the directions of development of
the new Chinese ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) as a project, launched by China to develop countries
and improve global connectivity
China cutting CO2 emissions related to shipbuilding and usage of vessels, Tea...Team Finland Future Watch
China is implementing policies to reduce CO2 emissions from shipbuilding and vessel usage. New emissions standards for coastal and inland vessels will be introduced in 2018 and 2021 respectively, focusing on particulate matter and other pollutants. China is also promoting technologies like LNG fuel and shore power to cut emissions. The government's 5-year plans establish targets for reducing emissions from shipping activities. Finnish companies should consider local partnerships and production to successfully supply the Chinese market as it transitions to lower-emissions shipping.
China's Buzzwords and Hot-Topics: A Post-2015 "Two Sessions" AnalysisAllegravita
This presentation analyzes the personality of Xi Jinping and the many opaque political buzzwords of the Chinese Communist Party under Xi's administration, especially since the conclusion of this year's "Two Sessions" (两会). Topics include: the Four Comprehensives (四个全面), the Chinese Dream (中国梦), One Belt One Road (一带一路), the New Normal (新常态), Smash the Tigers and Flies (一起打老虎苍蝇).
One belt one road insights for finland, Team Finland Future Watch Report, Jan...Team Finland Future Watch
The One Belt One Road initiative aims to connect over 60 countries through physical, commercial, cultural and other links. The "One Belt" refers to recreating old land-based Silk Road trade routes from China through Central Asia to Europe. The "One Road" refers to a maritime route connecting China to Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. The initiative aims to achieve policy coordination, build infrastructure to enhance connectivity, increase trade and investment, promote financial integration and foster better relations among participating nations. It is a high priority for China and is being organized through government agencies and ministries.
Eak prasad duwadi opportunities and challenges for nepal under the backgrou...eak prasad duwadi
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for Nepal under China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It argues that BRI could transform Nepal from a landlocked country to a land-linked country, providing economic and political benefits by connecting Nepal to China and South Asia. Key opportunities include reviving tourism through the ancient Silk Road, increasing manufacturing exports through Nepal, and reducing trade costs. However, risks also exist, such as security challenges and uncertainty around project feasibility. The conclusion states that BRI could help bridge India and China through Nepal, but successful implementation faces major risks. It recommends strengthening cooperation between China and Nepal through policies that boost connectivity while respecting each other's sovereignty.
China has been planning for decades to return the Chinese Empire once again and has developed a master plan to dominate the world through the Belt and Road Initiative “BRI”.
The Return of Chinese Empire
Chinese Debt-Trap Diplomacy
Since the beginning of the second millennium, China has begun to plan for the restoration of its former empire.
China began to control its soft economic power, which has gained control in many countries of the world, especially in Africa. That soft power, which was later called the Chinese debt trap.
Unfortunately, many countries suffer from major economic disasters as a result of falling into that trap.
The Chinese government is launching Chinese state-owned enterprises to these countries and is backed by billions of dollars from Chinese sovereign wealth funds, and these companies are seeking to buy and buy corrupt officials in those countries to prepare the country to fall into China's debt trap.
Chinese enterprises are implementing infrastructure projects in that country, financed by high interest and falsehood, and projects are starting to realize huge losses, and then China is trading these countries to acquire assets to repay the debt.
There are many international examples, including but not limited to (Venezuela - Kenya - Ethiopia - Sri Lanka - Pakistan - Zimbabwe - Ghana - ...).
In this report, we will first analyze the so-called China's deception, with some examples and what China does with its global partners.
Shady Abo El-Fetoh
The One Belt, One Road initiative aims to revive the ancient Silk Road trading routes through the New Silk Road Economic Belt and New Maritime Silk Road. It calls for countries along these routes to strengthen cultural and economic ties through communication, cooperation, and building mutual political and economic relationships to create an inclusive community with shared interests.
China is promoting an initiative called the One Belt, One Road project that involves reviving the ancient Silk Road trade routes connecting China to Europe via land and sea. The project consists of the Silk Road Economic Belt focused on overland routes and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road that connects sea ports across three continents from China to Europe. The map shows many of the countries and cities that would be connected through these modernized trade routes.
Nick Choi, Deputy Director, Hong Kong Economic
and Trade Office (in Canada) Introduce the Belt and Road Initiative spearheaded by the Chinese government
Alicia Garica Herrero - The Belt and Road: Zooming into its trade and financi...HKUST IEMS
This talk is a part of the HKUST IEMS – EY Hong Kong Emerging Market Insights Series. It is presented by HKUST IEMS with support by EY. Check out the next event in the series at http://iems.ust.hk/insights .
Last week KWM Perth ran a very successful seminar on One Belt One Road where we were happy to host the Consul General Dr. Huang Qinguo as the guest speaker. Partners Rob Edel and Katherine Vines were the presenters. If you would like to find out more about OBOR let us know.
Cpec and its impacts of economy and logisticsMuhammad Afzal
The document discusses the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project which involves building a transport link between China and Pakistan to incorporate roads, railways, and pipelines. It will connect Kashgar in western China to Pakistan's Gwadar port. The project aims to bring peace and prosperity to South Asia through improving connectivity, overcoming energy crises, developing infrastructure, and establishing economic ties. It is expected to transform Pakistan's economy and trade by attracting investment and cutting trade costs. Key impacts include overcoming Pakistan's energy shortages through investments in power projects, upgrading infrastructure like roads and ports, and boosting economic development through trade and industry.
The document summarizes the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a $46 billion investment program between China and Pakistan. CPEC aims to connect Gwadar Port in Pakistan to China's Xinjiang region through a network of roads, railways, and pipelines to improve connectivity and trade. It will fund several infrastructure projects including upgrading ports and roads, as well as energy projects like wind and solar farms. CPEC is expected to provide significant economic benefits to both countries by reducing trade costs, boosting GDP, and creating jobs, while also improving infrastructure in less developed parts of Pakistan. However, it may face challenges from security issues along roads in Balochistan and ensuring balanced trade between the countries
This document discusses the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and the role of the Pakistan Army in ensuring its success. It outlines that CPEC is a $46-51 billion investment that aims to improve Pakistan's infrastructure and energy sectors through road, rail, and pipeline projects connecting China to the Arabian Sea. The Pakistan Army plays a key security role by protecting routes and projects, and also aids construction through organizations like the Frontier Works Organization. CPEC is vital for Pakistan's economic recovery and development and the Army helps address threats to ensure its timely implementation.
What is China-Pakistan Economic Corridor? Jazib Nelson
A $46 billion price tag of CPEC has now increased to $51 billion. This is testament to CPEC's evolving nature. This presentation deals with all that is yet known about one of the most strategic mega-project under China's ambitious "One belt, one road".
The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a $46 billion investment in Pakistan that includes infrastructure projects focused on connecting China's western province of Xinjiang to Gwadar Port in Pakistan. CPEC aims to provide China with cheaper access to the Middle East, Africa, and Europe while also upgrading Pakistan's infrastructure through projects like roads, railways, and power plants. The 3,000 km network seeks to facilitate trade and regional connectivity. CPEC's energy projects account for $33.8 billion while infrastructure projects make up $11.8 billion of total investment under the program.
The document discusses the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a project to build a road connecting Kashgar, China to Gwadar Port in Pakistan. CPEC aims to improve energy and communication infrastructure in Pakistan and regional connectivity. At a cost of $46-51 billion, CPEC will shorten China's oil import route from the Middle East by 12,000 km. CPEC passes through several Pakistani provinces and regions and ends in the disputed territory of Kashmir. The project is expected to boost Pakistan's economy, but some note disadvantages like threats to local industries and issues in the Balochistan region where part of CPEC is being constructed.
The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a regional development project that aims to improve connectivity between China and Pakistan. It includes projects in energy, infrastructure, and Gwadar Port. CPEC's vision is to improve lives through bilateral cooperation on transportation, trade, investment, and people-to-people ties. Major energy projects include coal and solar power plants. Infrastructure projects include road and rail improvements. CPEC could benefit the region through economic growth, but also faces risks including internal conflicts and concerns from other countries.
The document discusses the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which links Gwadar Port in Pakistan to China's Xinjiang region. It provides background on Gwadar Port and the history of Pakistan-China relations. CPEC was proposed in 2013 and includes several infrastructure projects, such as the upgrading of the Karakoram Highway, energy projects, and the Gwadar Port. CPEC will benefit both countries by shortening trade routes for China and boosting Pakistan's economy and infrastructure development.
The document summarizes the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project, which aims to connect Kashgar in China to Gwadar Port in Pakistan. The $57 billion project will focus on energy, transportation infrastructure and investment projects. It is expected to create jobs and economic opportunities in Pakistan. However, some note the loans will increase Pakistan's debt and there is lack of transparency around costs, timelines and benefits. Overall the project aims to strengthen China-Pakistan ties but concerns exist around ensuring outcomes benefit Pakistanis and do not solely enrich elites.
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectorsAbu Saeed Khan
Presented it at the "Expert Consultation on the Asian Information Superhighway and Regional Connectivity" during 3 - 4 December 2013, Baku, Azerbaijan. It was organized by ESCAP.
This document provides an outline and overview of the international bandwidth and data market. It discusses key drivers of growth in the market including increasing usage of fixed, mobile, and broadband connections and new applications. It analyzes traffic demand and direction for various regions including Asia Pacific, Europe, and US & Canada. The document also outlines the submarine cable infrastructure and capacity for different regions, and provides ICT profiles for several Southeast Asian countries that detail their international connectivity and bandwidth situations.
Best Data Marketing Services With Iscope DigitalIscope Digital
The document provides an outline and summary of the international bandwidth and data market. It discusses key drivers of growth in the market including increasing usage, new applications, and emerging markets. It analyzes traffic demand and direction for various regions including Asia Pacific, Europe, US/Canada, and the Middle East. The document also examines submarine cable infrastructure in different parts of the world and profiles the ICT landscape of countries in Southeast Asia. It forecasts future growth in inbound and outbound traffic for Asia, US, and Europe. In summary, the document analyzes trends in the global international bandwidth market with a focus on demand, infrastructure development and country profiles.
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in AsiaAbu Saeed Khan
This document discusses the growth of mobile internet and broadband connectivity in Asia. It provides statistics on the rapid growth of mobile subscriptions, data traffic from smartphones, and internet speeds in Asia compared to Europe. While internet speeds and connectivity have increased significantly in Asia in recent years, prices for international bandwidth remain much higher than in Europe and infrastructure continues to pose challenges. However, initiatives like China's Belt and Road Initiative and a proposed Asia Pacific Information Superhighway could help further boost connectivity by developing cross-border terrestrial and submarine cable networks across the region. This would provide more resilient and affordable connectivity for both Asian countries and landlocked nations.
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband LinkAbu Saeed Khan
1) The document discusses the need for a terrestrial broadband link across Asia, called the Longest International Open-access Network (LION), to connect the region to Europe and reduce costs of internet connectivity.
2) It notes that while submarine cables currently connect Asia and Europe, bandwidth remains much more expensive in Asia than Europe due to lack of competition from terrestrial routes.
3) The proposed LION would create an open-access terrestrial broadband network across Asia utilizing existing roadways like the Asian Highway network to provide competitive routes and lower latency connectivity between Asia and Europe.
Space & Satellite News Updates – 19th Jan 2016techUK
Inmarsat is partnering with a research project developing autonomous drone ships that could operate without humans aboard within 10 years. Removing human crews would significantly reduce operating costs by allowing ships to carry more cargo. Inmarsat will provide satellite communications and data transfer expertise to help ensure drone ships can stay in contact with operators while at sea.
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015techUK
Laser Light Communications intends to be the first provider of telecommunications solutions based entirely on optical satellite technology. The planned constellation will have a capacity of 6Tbps and include sat-to-sat and sat-to-ground optical links of up to 200Gbps without relying on radio frequencies. Optus Satellite and Laser Light Global announced a partnership to enhance Laser Light's optical network using Optus' Australian satellite and fiber networks, to be fully deployed by 2018.
NSSLGlobal worked with the BBC to enable the first live 'Bonded HDR' satellite broadcast, delivering double the normal bandwidth for high definition video by bonding two portable satellite terminals. This extra bandwidth allowed for sharper images and transmission of dynamic scenes.
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to RevenuenueAbu Saeed Khan
Sliding revenues from conventional wholesale services mean carriers are being challenged to find new drivers for growth. It has been the hot topic in this year’s Pacific Telecommunication Council’s Conference in Honolulu, Hawaii. I presented the Asia Pacific Information Superhighway as new avenue to revenue.
Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenueAbu Saeed Khan
This document discusses unlocking borders in Asia for new revenue opportunities through improved connectivity. It notes that Asia relies heavily on submarine cables concentrated in Singapore and Hong Kong, leading to high IP transit prices. Regulatory roadblocks also exist around spectrum allocation and cross-border connectivity. The document proposes the development of an "Asian Information Highway" along existing roadways to provide open-access, carrier-neutral terrestrial fiber networks within and between Asian countries. This would help lower costs, increase broadband access, and maximize use of submarine cable capacity. The United Nations' Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway initiative is working to develop such a network, and the Pacific Telecommunications Council could contribute by joining its working group.
Hyperscale Cloud and Digital Services Infrastructure - Tan Tze MengMyNOG
This document discusses how hyperscale cloud providers like Google, Facebook, and Amazon are driving investment in new submarine cable systems that connect data centers around the world. It provides examples of several new submarine cables funded by these companies, including cables connecting the US to Asia, and notes that hyperscale cloud providers are building more internet infrastructure than traditional telecom companies. The document suggests that with this level of infrastructure investment, the definition of "OTT player" may no longer apply as these companies have become core internet infrastructure suppliers.
The way forward asia-pacific information superhighway initiativeAbu Saeed Khan
This document discusses strategies for developing an Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway through regional connectivity and cooperation. It proposes using existing infrastructure like highways and railways to lay open-access fiber optic cables at low cost. This would create a cross-border telecom consortium linking 32 Eurasian countries. Individual countries would own the fiber infrastructure within their borders to ensure state control and open access. The project would require surveying routes, designing the network, and gaining approval from member countries as well as partners for funding and implementation.
The demand for bandwidth is soaring worldwide. More people in more places are connecting for work,
entertainment, social communication, and education, and they’re increasingly using mobile phones, tablets,
and other easy-to-carry devices. And in many developing parts of the world, mobile phones are often the only
internet-access technology that’s both affordable and available.
The significance of international backhaul points to ponder by nepalAbu Saeed Khan
A four-day residential course was offered by LIRNEasia, in partnership with Internet Society (ISOC) with the support of the Ford Foundation. It was held at Club Himalaya in Nagorcot during March 28-31. Objective of this course was to enable members of Nepalese civil-society groups (including academics and those from the media) to marshal available research and evidence for effective participation in broadband policy and regulatory processes including interactions with media, thereby facilitating and enriching policy discourse on means of increasing broadband access by the poor. I was one of the faculties of this course and this is what I have presented.
Presented by Equinix at the European Peering Forum 2017.
Discusses trends in IP traffic growth and how Interconnection is enabling and supporting the demand in the industry.
The document discusses the development of high-speed rail in South Korea. It notes that South Korea has become a global leader in high-speed rail, with its first high-speed rail line opening in 2004. The development of the high-speed rail network has brought significant economic and social benefits to South Korea, including job growth, increased GDP, and improved transportation links. It also helped South Korea's rail industry become more globally competitive. Going forward, South Korea continues to expand its high-speed rail network and share its expertise with other countries looking to develop their own rail systems.
The document provides an overview and analysis of global rail market trends from 2013 to 2022. Some of the key highlights include:
- China is expected to have the largest high-speed rail network in the world, reaching 25,631 km by 2030. Major investments are also occurring in Europe, India, and other parts of Asia.
- Regions like Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America are forecasted to double in size as their rail markets grow substantially through infrastructure projects and rolling stock orders.
- Major rolling stock manufacturers like CSR and CNR in China are predicted to be among the top global suppliers as China's large domestic rail program allows them to compete more globally.
- Integrated, multi
This paper presents a comprehensive study of a millimeter-wave mobile hotspot network (MHN) system for high-speed train communications. It describes the design of MHN conventional and enhanced systems, field trials conducted up to 500 km/h, measurement of 28 GHz channel characteristics in a rural environment, and simulation validating the MHN-E system can provide over 5 Gbps throughput at 500 km/h.
How Satellite Will Play a Vital Role in the Successful Roll-Out of 5GNewtec
The need for satellite and wireless synergizing together is greater than before.
Clearing C-band spectrum for terrestrial operators will enable a coordinated 5G rollout. So how will this co-primary terrestrial operations model work?
Aside to this, affordability of broad bandwidth is paramount, will it be a market-based or a regulatory model approach for all?
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Onderwijs en onderzoek zijn internationaal georiënteerd. Het netwerk van GÉANT verbindt alle research en education-netwerken van Europa met elkaar en met de wereld. De voorbije jaren heeft GÉANT fors geïnvesteerd in samenwerking met de nationale netwerken, zoals SURF. In deze sessie krijg je een blik op hoe het nieuwe netwerk eruit ziet, waarom dat belangrijk is en wat eraan zit te komen.
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1) The document discusses the growth of rail and internet infrastructure across Central Asia and how it connects Europe and Asia. It provides examples of new rail routes between China and Europe, as well as data center investments in Siberia.
2) Borders and border crossing points are a key topic discussed. The document notes that importing is generally easier than exporting across borders in Central Asia. It also provides examples of ICT use at border crossing points.
3) Traffic patterns across Central Asia and how they connect Europe and Asia are examined. Major routes from China to Europe through Russia or other central Asian countries are described.
The document discusses infrastructure sharing for cross-sector networks. It highlights key attributes for cloud readiness from the Asia Cloud Computing Association, including that infrastructure accounts for 40% of cloud readiness while regulation accounts for 60%. It also discusses the importance of rights-of-way (ROW) for infrastructure, including how optical fiber has democratized infrastructure sharing across undersea cables, railways, and other sectors. Specific examples are provided of large infrastructure networks in India and Europe that share rights-of-way across multiple modes of transportation and sectors.
Central Asia's internet infrastructure mirrors that of Africa, with few competitive fiber providers and high connectivity costs away from submarine cable landing stations. Most countries in Central Asia rely on a single dominant state-run telecom for international connectivity, making their internet fragile. Uzbekistan in particular has just one provider, Uzbektelecom, through which all internal and external connections must pass, resulting in some of the highest internet prices globally. Cross-border infrastructure sharing initiatives could help extend affordable connectivity.
Infrastructure sharing in bangladesh bottlenecks and way forwardAbu Saeed Khan
This document summarizes infrastructure sharing challenges in Bangladesh's telecommunications sector and proposes solutions. It finds that while Bangladesh has improved its ICT ranking, infrastructure costs remain high due to a lack of network diversity. The country has an opportunity to adopt open access policies to encourage investment and competition between multiple network operators. Revising infrastructure sharing guidelines from 2008 to promote active infrastructure sharing between all operators could help lower costs and improve reliability of fixed and mobile broadband networks, benefiting the development of Bangladesh's digital economy.
Bangladesh was overwhelmed by the collapse of Rana Plaza at the outskirts of it capital Dhaka on April 24, 2013. Nearly 2,500 victims were rescued while thousands have died or remain unaccounted for. Rescue operation of this worst accident in the country’s history was equally heroic and haphazard. It demonstrated the lack of readiness in terms of conducting disaster recovery operations. The incident signals the magnitude of devastation once the country is hit by earthquake. I have tried to capture the role of mobile phone industry in this respect.
This document discusses several topics related to internet regulation and freedom of expression in Bangladesh. It mentions a meeting on this topic in Dhaka in January 2013. It also discusses the preferential rights of the Bangladeshi government in emergencies to use telecommunication systems over private operators. The document outlines a special provision that allows intelligence and law enforcement agencies to intercept communications for national security with telecom provider assistance. It notes the government's power to make rules under the law and the commission's power to make regulations with government approval.
Telecom Reporters Network of Bangladesh (TRNB) asked me to explain them the problems of 3G in Bangladesh. This is what I presented. But we discussed a lot beyond the slides. It’s always great to talk to the journalists.
The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) has invited me to speak at “Regional Expert Consultation on Connecting Asia-Pacific’s Digital Society for Resilient Development” in Colombo during 5-6 September.
There I presented that Asia’s wholesale prices of Internet bandwidth remains six-times expensive compared to the Europe and USA. Participating experts have overwhelmingly endorsed my proposal of laying fiber along the Asian Highway to build an open-access transcontinental terrestrial network.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
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Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
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Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
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Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
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The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
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One Belt, Many Roads and Beyond
1. One belt, many roads and beyond
Abu Saeed Khan
Senior Policy Fellow
LIRNEasia
abu@lirneasia.net
ESCAP Working Group on the
Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway
Incheon, Republic of Korea
September 1, 2015
4. • Over 2/3 population of
the world lives within
8 hours flight from
Dubai
• 1/3 lives within 4 hours
Source: Emirates’ response to claims raised about state-owned airlines in Qatar and the
United Arab Emirates. June 29, 2015.
5. Ground reality: Sky links the ground
• During the past two years,
China has built 15 new airports
and expanded 28 existing ones
that have direct links with
countries along the Silk Road
Economic Belt that connects
the country with Europe via
Central Asia.
• Fifty-one out of the 193 civil
aviation construction projects
that are planned for this year,
will directly serve the Belt and
Road initiatives in 2015.
• One Road One Belt
infrastructure projects either
planned or in construction
exceeded $161 billion by the
end of March.
6. “In Kazakhstan alone, China has invested $40 billion
in road and rail projects to improve routes through the country.”
Source: China’s One Belt, One Road strategy takes to the air
8. DHL multimodal Asia-Europe service
China-Europe Rail Routes:
1. Zhengzhou-Hamburg (10,214 km in 17 days)
2. Suzhou-Warsaw (11,070 km in 14 days)
3. Chengdu-Lodz (9,862 km in 14 days)
Sea-Rail:
From ports in Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka, Kobe and
Hakata to Shanghai Port to further connect into the
existing China rail connections to Europe
Road:
Extensive cargo pickup within China to rail departure points at Zhengzhou,
Suzhou and Chengdu.
9. Consequence: “China-Europe rail has air
cargo in the crosshairs.”
• Airlines flying cargo between China and Europe will
be hit hardest by Beijing’s One Belt, One Road trade
strategy as the land bridge rail route proves too
attractively priced to ignore, believes Steve Flowers,
head of global freight forwarding at UPS.
• “Transportation managers will likely have a hard
time passing on the opportunity to reduce
transport costs up to 65 percent while not having to
endure the 40 days-in-transit typical for ocean
service,” Flowers told JOC.com.
10. DREAM (Diverse Route for European and Asian Markets)
was launched October 17, 2013
12. IMF 2015 GDP Growth Forecasts
World economic outlook, April 2015
13. • Asia has 3.7 billion mobile subscribers. Asia has added 194 million subscribers between Q1
2014 and Q1 2015, which is over 60% of net new global wireless subscribers.
• The Asian mobile market is far from saturated, as there are over 270 million people without
a cell phone.
• China and India alone account for 2.3 billion subscribers, but while China has emerged as a
meaningful 4G market with 162 million LTE subscribers, 90% of Indian mobile subscribers
remain on 2G networks, driving the region’s ongoing reliance on the legacy technology.
Source: TeleGeography Commsupdate. July 28, 2015.
16. Facebook in Asia Pacific Gateway (APG)
A consortium of eleven Asian carriers
and Facebook is planning to build Asia
Pacific Gateway (APG) cable by 2015.
It will cover 10,400 kilometers and link
China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea,
Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam,
and Singapore.
The US$500 million system will use
100 Gbps technology, offer a potential
capacity of 54.8 Tbps, and utilize a
trunk-and-branch configuration.
The owners are: NTT, China Telecom,
China Unicom, China Mobile,
Chunghwa Telecom, KT, LG Uplus,
Viettel Corporation, Vietnam Telecom
International, Global Transit, Starhub,
TIME dotCom and Facebook.
Landing Points:
Changi South, Singapore
Kuantan, Malaysia
Songkhla, Thailand
Danang, Vietnam
Toucheng, Taiwan
Chongming, China
Nanhui, China
Tseung Kwan O, China
Pusan, Korea, Rep.
Maruyama, Japan
Shima, Japan
17. Google hops in Japan (2010) with Unity
The Unity cable is jointly owned by
a consortium of six companies:
five telecommunications
companies (including major intra-
Asian operator Pacnet) and
Google.
Although Unity lands at a cable
station in Redondo Beach,
California, it also includes
terrestrial backhaul to the One
Wilshire colocation facility in Los
Angeles.
Landing Points:
Chikura, Japan
Redondo Beach, California, USA
Owners: Pacnet, Google, Global
Transit, SingTel, KDDI, Bharti.
Cable Length: 9,620 km
Cost: US$300 million
Capacity: 9 Tbps
18. Google continued with Southeast Asia
Japan Cable (SJC) in 2013
Landing Points:
•Chikura, Japan
•Chung Hom Kok, China
•Nasugbu, Philippines
•Shantou, China
•Songkhla, Thailand
•Telisai, Brunei
•Tuas, Singapore
Owners: Globe Telecom,
Google, KDDI, Telkom
Indonesia, SingTel, China
Telecom, TOT, China Mobile,
Chunghwa Telecom, Brunei
International Gateway,
SingTel Optus and Bharti.
Cost: US$400 million
Capacity: 45.6 Tbps
Length: 8,900 km
19. Coming soon: Google with Monet
Algar Telecom, Angola Cables,
Antel Uruguay, and Google are
building the Monet cable linking
Brazil and the United States.
The cable will contain 6 fiber pairs
each capable of 10 Tbps. The
consortium hopes to activate the
cable by the end of 2016.
Length of this US$400 million
cable is 10, 556 kilometers.
Landing Points:
•Boca Raton, Florida, USA
•Fortaleza, Brazil
•Santos, Brazil
Next stop:
Africa
20. • Over the past 9 months, Microsoft has been significantly investing in subsea and
terrestrial dark fiber capacity by engaging in fiber partnerships that span multiple
oceans and continents.
• We announced deals with Hibernia and Aqua Comms, in which Microsoft is
investing in a cable with each company to connect Microsoft’s datacenter
infrastructure from North America to Ireland and on to the United Kingdom. These
cables will help deliver data at higher speeds, with higher capacity and lower
latency for our customers across the globe.
• Additionally, we joined a consortium comprised of China Mobile, China Telecom,
China Unicom, Chunghwa Telecom, KT Corporation with TE SubCom as the cable
supplier. As part of our participation in the consortium, Microsoft will invest in its
first physical landing station in the US connecting North America to Asia. The New
Cross Pacific (NCP) Cable Network will provide faster data connections for
customers, aid Microsoft in competing on cloud costs, all while creating jobs and
spurring local economies. The goal of our expansions and investments in subsea
cables is so our customers have the greatest access to scale and highly available
data, anywhere.
22. “100G: are the potential savings worth the
investment?” TeleGeography, 4 Jun 2015
• ‘As 100Gbps technology continues to mature and
equipment costs decrease, network operators are able
to pass along their cost savings to bandwidth buyers
in the form of steady price declines,’ said
TeleGeography analyst Brianna Boudreau. ‘The initial
cost of purchasing 100Gbps capacity is daunting for
many. However, where massive point-to-point
connections are needed, economies of scale make this
approach less expensive than purchasing incremental
capacity upgrades over the long term. Customers can
further benefit from a reduction in network
complexity and the aggregate cost of required cross
connects.’
23. Takeaway
• ‘The initial cost of purchasing 100Gbps capacity is
daunting for many. However, where massive point-
to-point connections are needed, economies of
scale make this approach less expensive than
purchasing incremental capacity upgrades over the
long term. Customers can further benefit from a
reduction in network complexity and the
aggregate cost of required cross connects.’
24. Takeaway
• ‘The initial cost of purchasing 100Gbps capacity is
daunting for many. However, where massive point-
to-point connections are needed, economies of
scale make this approach less expensive than
purchasing incremental capacity upgrades over the
long term. Customers can further benefit from a
reduction in network complexity and the
aggregate cost of required cross connects.’
25. AP-IS is all about “massive point-to-point
connections” across this continent