On the inca by de leon
•Download as DOCX, PDF•
0 likes•158 views
The document summarizes the highly organized system of governance and tribute collection implemented by the Inca rulers. It describes how the Incas had representatives and storehouses in provincial capitals to oversee collection of tributes in the form of goods, labor, and records of births and deaths. Tributes were carefully recorded and audited to support the empire and its armies. The system also provided welfare by stockpiling goods in storehouses to redistribute during lean years or wars. Everyone was expected to work, including the Incas themselves, to set an example and prevent laziness.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Athens
Athens had a larger population than Sparta and a diverse economy based on farming, manufacturing, and trade of goods like olive oil, grapes, wine, and pottery. Athens developed a strong democracy in the 5th century BCE that established equality before the law and merit-based political participation. However, Athens' imperial ambitions eventually led to military overreach and its defeat by Sparta, ending the classical period of Athenian power.
LATIN: THE BATTLE OF KADESH - RAMSES II
The Battle of Kadesh took place in 1274 BCE between the Egyptian army led by Pharaoh Rameses II and the Hittite army led by King Muwatalli. It was a 24 hour battle fought near the town of Kadesh in modern-day Syria over control of the region. The Egyptian army consisted of 20,000 troops including infantry and chariotry divided into four units, while the Hittite army had 40,700 troops made up of infantry and horse archers divided into three units. Primary sources that provide evidence of the battle include a poetic account written by Egyptian scribes and pictorial accounts inscribed on the walls of Egyptian temples.
Sparta
The document discusses the culture and society of Sparta. It describes how Sparta focused on military strength and preventing change. Spartan men trained from a young age and lived communally. Women had more freedoms than in other Greek cities but were expected to be physically fit to bear strong sons. The economy relied on helot slaves who farmed the land. The rigid social hierarchy and isolationist policies helped Sparta maintain military dominance for over 200 years.
Prezzziiiiii 1
This document discusses using similar shots, camera angles, and artists to target the same audience. It suggests emulating the visual style and featured artists of comparable works to attract a similar demographic to one's own content. In a few short sentences, the document advises copying techniques and associations that have proven successful for related creations.
StudyLingua Sprachaufenthalte weltweit - Katalog 2012
Der Schweizer Sprachreiseveranstalter StudyLingua Sprachaufenthalte bietet Sprachreisen, Sprachkurse und Sprachschulen weltweit in über 30 Ländern an. Kompetente Mitarbeiter beraten Sie unverbindlich und sorgen dafür dass ihr nächster Sprachaufenthalt ein voller Erfolg wird.
CEO Benchmark Portal Letter
UnitedHealthcare Military & Veterans contact center has been recognized as a Certified Center of Excellence. The certification process requires the contact center to be efficient, effective, and provide superior quality service at lower costs compared to others in the industry. Under Mark Riddlesworth's leadership, the contact center has optimized the use of people, processes, and technology to consistently deliver customer service that surpasses most others in the industry. The contact center's performance is in the top 10% of all contact centers in its industry, which is a noteworthy achievement requiring support from senior executives who recognize the importance of the contact center.
Recommended
Athens
Athens had a larger population than Sparta and a diverse economy based on farming, manufacturing, and trade of goods like olive oil, grapes, wine, and pottery. Athens developed a strong democracy in the 5th century BCE that established equality before the law and merit-based political participation. However, Athens' imperial ambitions eventually led to military overreach and its defeat by Sparta, ending the classical period of Athenian power.
LATIN: THE BATTLE OF KADESH - RAMSES II
The Battle of Kadesh took place in 1274 BCE between the Egyptian army led by Pharaoh Rameses II and the Hittite army led by King Muwatalli. It was a 24 hour battle fought near the town of Kadesh in modern-day Syria over control of the region. The Egyptian army consisted of 20,000 troops including infantry and chariotry divided into four units, while the Hittite army had 40,700 troops made up of infantry and horse archers divided into three units. Primary sources that provide evidence of the battle include a poetic account written by Egyptian scribes and pictorial accounts inscribed on the walls of Egyptian temples.
Sparta
The document discusses the culture and society of Sparta. It describes how Sparta focused on military strength and preventing change. Spartan men trained from a young age and lived communally. Women had more freedoms than in other Greek cities but were expected to be physically fit to bear strong sons. The economy relied on helot slaves who farmed the land. The rigid social hierarchy and isolationist policies helped Sparta maintain military dominance for over 200 years.
Prezzziiiiii 1
This document discusses using similar shots, camera angles, and artists to target the same audience. It suggests emulating the visual style and featured artists of comparable works to attract a similar demographic to one's own content. In a few short sentences, the document advises copying techniques and associations that have proven successful for related creations.
StudyLingua Sprachaufenthalte weltweit - Katalog 2012
Der Schweizer Sprachreiseveranstalter StudyLingua Sprachaufenthalte bietet Sprachreisen, Sprachkurse und Sprachschulen weltweit in über 30 Ländern an. Kompetente Mitarbeiter beraten Sie unverbindlich und sorgen dafür dass ihr nächster Sprachaufenthalt ein voller Erfolg wird.
CEO Benchmark Portal Letter
UnitedHealthcare Military & Veterans contact center has been recognized as a Certified Center of Excellence. The certification process requires the contact center to be efficient, effective, and provide superior quality service at lower costs compared to others in the industry. Under Mark Riddlesworth's leadership, the contact center has optimized the use of people, processes, and technology to consistently deliver customer service that surpasses most others in the industry. The contact center's performance is in the top 10% of all contact centers in its industry, which is a noteworthy achievement requiring support from senior executives who recognize the importance of the contact center.
Markahan2 modyul 1 (mga pag aalsa)
The document summarizes several indigenous uprisings against Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines between 1621-1751. It describes:
1) The 1621 rebellion in Bohol led by Tamblot, a native priest of a diwata (demon), who persuaded villagers to reject Christianity and Spanish rule by promising protection from the diwata. The rebellion was suppressed by Spanish forces.
2) The 1660 Pampanga rebellion led by chieftain Francisco Maniago against abusive woodcutter overseers. Though they negotiated with authorities, the rebellion continued due to mistranslated promises of amnesty.
3) Agrarian-based revolts in Tagalog provinces in 1745 against abusive
The incas
The Incas ruled a large empire in western South America in the 15th and early 16th centuries. They originated in the Andes mountains of Peru, with their capital at Cuzco. Under leaders like Pachacuti, the Incas expanded their territory through conquest. At its height, the Inca Empire stretched along the Andes from Ecuador to Chile and included over 12 million people. The Incas developed an advanced civilization with impressive architecture, road systems, mathematics, and other achievements. However, their empire began declining in the 1500s due to internal conflicts. This weakened them and allowed the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro to defeat the last Inca emperor Atahualpa, leading to the fall of
The Incas
The Incas ruled a large empire in western South America in the 15th and early 16th centuries. They originated in the Andes mountains of Peru, with their capital at Cuzco. Under leaders like Pachacuti, the Incas expanded their territory through conquest. At its height, the Inca Empire stretched along the Andes from Ecuador to Chile and included over 12 million people. The Incas developed an elaborate bureaucracy to govern their diverse territories and subjects. Francisco Pizarro and the Spanish conquistadors were ultimately able to defeat the Incas and take control of the empire in the 1530s, due in part to their superior weapons and the diseases they unwittingly introduced.
American revolution pt 1
The document summarizes several chapters about the American Revolution and the colonial period leading up to it. It describes the growth of trade and news/information flowing between Britain and its colonies, establishing religious uniformity in the colonies. It also discusses the nomadic Native American tribes on the Great Plains and their acquisition of horses and guns from the colonists and Europeans. Finally, it outlines the imperial wars between Britain and France for control of the New World, where each side enlisted Native American tribes to help due to their land expertise and guerrilla warfare tactics.
Aral.pan. 2 nd grading worksheets
This document provides a summary of the Tamblot uprising in Bohol from 1621-1622. It describes how the diwata (spirit) appeared to some Indians and commanded them to abandon Christianity and Spanish rule. Two or three Indians became priests of the diwata, including Tamblot, and persuaded four villages to revolt. They told the people that the diwata would protect them from the Spanish and provide them with abundance. When the Spanish authorities learned of this, they sent troops who engaged and defeated the rebels, hanging some and pardoning others, suppressing the revolt. This success discouraged further uprisings from spreading to other islands.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
1. This document summarizes Medieval Europe from the 11th to 15th centuries. It focuses on political, economic, and social developments.
2. Key developments included the resurgence of cities as the rural population grew and agricultural productivity increased, allowing cities to regain commercial importance. Urban society developed new social classes like the bourgeoisie and guilds.
3. Political institutions at this time included the papacy, Holy Roman Empire, and the growth of royal power as monarchs sought alliances with cities to limit the power of feudal nobles.
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
In 3 sentences:
The document summarizes the harsh treatment of Filipinos under early Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, including exploitative systems like repartimiento and encomienda that conscripted forced labor and allowed Spanish settlers to extract taxes from native lands. Many Spanish soldiers and officials abused these systems, committing acts of violence, pillaging villages, killing hundreds of people, and creating hatred among natives rather than spreading Christianity as intended. While Spanish clergy protested these abuses, the exploitative practices persisted throughout the colonial period.
Ch. 1 racial foundations
This document discusses the history and cultural influences of indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica and what is now the Southwestern United States prior to and during the Spanish colonization. It notes that the Aztecs originated from a mythical place called Aztlan, likely located somewhere in what is now the American Southwest. It also discusses the Reconquista in Spain that established the modern nations of Spain and Portugal, and how this influenced the determination of Spanish conquistadors to defeat indigenous peoples in the Americas in pursuit of land and wealth. Finally, it provides context on the African slave trade and estimates that around 200,000 African slaves were brought to Mexico as a secondary destination from Caribbean islands.
Inca In Peru
The Inca civilization flourished in ancient Peru between 1400-1533 CE. They built the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, spanning twelve modern countries in South America. The Incas developed advanced agricultural techniques like terracing to farm on mountainsides. They also built an extensive road network and developed a messenger system to govern their large empire. The Spanish conquest beginning in 1532 led to the fall of the Inca Empire by 1572.
New Netherland Luciano D'Orazio
The document provides a detailed overview of the history of New Netherland from its founding as a Dutch colony in 1609 through its takeover by the British in 1664. It discusses the colony's establishment, its governance by the Dutch West India Company, the diverse groups that settled there, and life for colonists, Native Americans, slaves, and others. It also examines the colony's economy based on fur trading and agriculture and explains why New Netherland ultimately failed as a Dutch colony.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
The document summarizes Medieval Europe from the 11th to 15th centuries with a focus on the Iberian Peninsula. It describes the resurgence of cities in the Late Middle Ages, the urban society that emerged, and political institutions like the papacy, Holy Roman Empire, and growing power of monarchies. It then discusses the crisis of the 14th century including religious, political, demographic, and social upheaval, as well as the end of the Middle Ages. Finally, it provides details on the political situation and expansion in the Iberian Peninsula from the 11th to 15th centuries, including the rise of Castile and Aragon as the most important kingdoms.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
The document summarizes Medieval Europe from the 11th to 15th centuries, focusing on the Iberian Peninsula. It describes the political situation and divisions of power between kingdoms like Castile, Aragon, Navarre and Portugal. It discusses the Reconquista against the Moors, including major victories like the conquest of Toledo in 1085 and the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. Socially, it outlines the systems of repopulation used to claim lands from the Moors and the establishment of representative bodies like the Cortes. Economically, it notes the demographic and economic crises of the 14th century from plague, war and conflict between social groups.
NEW-SPAINAmong other massacres was one which took place in Cho.docx
NEW-SPAIN
Among other massacres was one which took place in Cholula,
a great city of some thirty thousand inhabitants. When all the
dignitaries of the city and the region came out to welcome the
Spaniards with all due pomp and ceremony, the priests to the
fore and the high/priest at the head of the procession, and then
proceeded to escort them into the city and lodge them in the
houses of the lord and the leading citizens, the Spaniards decided
that the moment had come to organize a massacre (or 'punishment'
as they themselves express such things) in order to inspire
fear and teiror in all the people of the territory. This was, indeed,
the pattern they followed in all the lands they invaded:
to stage a bloody massacre of the most public possible kind in
order to terrorize those meek and gentle peoples. What they did
was the following. They' requested the local lord to send for all
the nobles and leading citizens of the city and of all the surround-
ing communities subject to it and, as soon as they arrived and
entered the building to begin talks with the Spanish commander,
Ithey were seized without anyone outside getting wind of what
was afoot. Part of the original request was that they should
bring with them five or six thousand native bearers and these
were mustered in the courtyards when and as they arrived. One
could not watch these poor wretches getting ready to carry the
Spaniards' packs without taking pity on them, stark naked as
they were with only their modesty hidden from view, each with
a kind of little net on his shoulders in which he carried his own
modest store of provisions. They all got down on their haunches
and waited patiently like sheep. Once they were all safely inside
the courtyard, together with a number of others who were also
there at the time, armed guards took up positions covering the
exits and Spanish soldiers unsheathed their swords and grasped
their lances and proceeded to slaughter these poor innocents.
Not a single soul escaped. After a day or two had gone by,
several victims surfaced, soaked from head to foot in the blood
of their fellows beneath whose bodies they had sheltered (so
thick was the carpet of corpses in the courtyard) and, with tears
in their eyes, pleaded for their lives; but the Spaniards showed
them no mercy nor any compassion, and no sooner did they
crawl out from under the pile of corpses than they were butchered.
The Spanish commander gave orders that the leading citizens,
who numbered over a hundred and were roped together,
were to be tied to stakes set in the ground and burned alive. One
of these dignitaries, however, who may' well have been the first
among them and the king of that whole region, managed to get
free and took refuge, along with twenty or thirty or forty others,
in the great temple of the city, which was fortified and was
known in the local language as quu.
There they put up a stout
defence against the Spaniards which lasted f.
Canassatego's Advice
The document discusses the Iroquois Confederacy's influence and relationship with European colonial powers from the 16th to 18th centuries. It describes how the Iroquois, located between several empires, developed skilled diplomacy to play the empires off each other and maintain their independence. They had regular interactions and treaties with colonial leaders, and an exchange of ideas occurred where Europeans adopted Native technologies and vice versa. The document focuses on how this history created mutual understanding and respect between the Iroquois and colonists by the time of the American Revolution.
Nat2
This document provides a history of Natchez, Mississippi told from the perspective of a tour guide. It summarizes that the author was drawn to Natchez due to its historic aura and buildings. Natchez became prosperous due to its location on the Mississippi River for trade and its fertile lands for cotton agriculture, leading to the construction of many grand homes in the 1800s. The town's historic architecture was preserved through the efforts of the local garden club who began the historic home pilgrimage tours in the 1920s to raise money for preservation.
W7L3European Age of ExplorationA World Map from Alberto Cantin.docx
W7L3
European Age of Exploration
A World Map from Alberto Cantino, 1502
When we last left Europe, the Islamic trading influences had sparked a revolution of ideas in Italy that began to spread across the cultural centers of European kingdoms. The Italian Renaissance slowly spread across Europe, bringing new innovations in technology, art, music, scientific understanding, mathematics, and medicine. In turn these ideas had sparked the Reformation. However, by the sixteenth century, as the Reformation picked up steam and began spreading radical religious ideas throughout Christendom, already some European kingdoms had begun applying Renaissance inventions to new economic opportunities: Exploration.
The presence of patronage throughout royal courts had encouraged a stability of economies. This stability was called mercantilism – the economic doctrine that assumes government control of foreign trade is the most important element of ensuring prosperity for a given state. The idea is that trading partners need each other to prosper, so trading states are less likely to war with each other over minor details, lest that diminishes trade. The downside to mercantilism is that it can foster an atmosphere of such extreme competition between two or more states that other states end up falling prey to that intense rivalry. This is exactly what happened with cultures in Africa, North America, the Caribbean, and Mesoamerica. But the immediacy of stability caused by mercantilism contributed to the standing atmosphere of intellectual curiosity and increasing centralized governments to lead expeditions outside of European domains.
Portugal
The Portuguese had regained control over the Kingdom of Portugal in 1415, when conquering Christian forces had expelled the occupying Moors. Spain still had some years of fighting left to regain control over the remaining Iberian Peninsula, but Portugal began to set its affairs in order and set its sights on increased trade. Playing a key role in this development was Prince Henry the Navigator.
Prince Henry the Navigator extended Portuguese trade ports throughout the coasts of Africa and into India
Prince Henry was very religious and thought that exploring the African coastline might benefit Portugal in economic glory while benefitting African through conversion from mostly Islamic beliefs to Christian ideas. He established a navigation school to increase the knowledge of sailors. New techniques in ship-building allowed for longer journeys with more gods on board. He also spread the idea that courtly chivalrous honor could be achieved through behaviors off the battle-field. In addition to military glory, he thought, knightly behavior could be earned through intellectual exploration, religious piety and missionary work, and the adventure of journeying to places unknown. In the early 1400s, Portuguese sailors began sailing into ports along the African coast. They were there not as conquerors, but as traders.
And so, Portugues.
2º Bil - Unit 6
1) The document discusses the emergence of modern states in 15th-16th century Europe through the rise of strong monarchies like France, England, Spain, and Russia.
2) It focuses on Spain, describing the union between Castile and Aragon under the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella, and their efforts to centralize power and expand territories through conquest and marriage alliances.
3) The Age of Discovery led Portugal to find a sea route to India by exploring along the west coast of Africa, with later Spanish expeditions reaching the Americas while seeking a route to Asia under Columbus.
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103
Document-Based Questions (DBQ) Contents
PART ONE Founding the New Nation c. 33,000 B.C.– A.D. 1783
DBQ 1: The Transformation of Colonial Virginia, 1606–1700 . . . . . . . . . . . A104
(Correlated to pages 27–33, 66–76)
DBQ 2: English-Indian Relations, 1600–1700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A106
(Correlated to pages 28–42, 49, 52, 68)
PART TWO Building the New Nation, 1776–1860
DBQ 3: Thomas Jefferson and Philosophical Consistency, 1790–1809 . . . A108
(Correlated to pages 191–228)
DBQ 4: The Changing Place of Women, 1815–1860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A110
(Correlated to pages 307–308, 317–319, 320–334)
PART THREE Testing the New Nation, 1820–1877
DBQ 5: Slavery and Sectional Attitudes, 1830–1860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A112
(Correlated to pages 348–370, 409–412)
DBQ 6: Abraham Lincoln and the Struggle for Union and
Emancipation, 1861–1865 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A114
(Correlated to pages 434–478)
PART FOUR Forging an Industrial Society, 1865–1909
DBQ 7: The Role of Capitalists, 1875–1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A116
(Correlated to pages 530–544, 547–550)
DBQ 8: The Farmers’ Movement, 1875–1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A118
(Correlated to pages 525, 606–624)
PART FIVE Struggling for Justice at Home and Abroad, 1901–1945
DBQ 9: The United States as World Power, 1895 –1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A121
(Correlated to pages 626–653, 685–718)
DBQ 10: Foreign Policy, 1930–1941 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A124
(Correlated to pages 755–769, 800–820)
PART SIX Making Modern America, 1945 to the Present
DBQ 11: Conformity and Turbulence, 1950–1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A127
(Correlated to pages 854–880, 882–908, 909–937)
DBQ 12: The Resurgence of Conservatism, 1964–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A130
(Correlated to pages 922–1000)
A104 Document-Based Questions
Document A
Source: George Percy, A Discourse on the Plantation of
Virginia, c. 1612.
Our men were destroyed with cruel diseases as
swellings, burning fevers, and by wars, and some
departed suddenly, but for the most part they died
of mere famine. There were never Englishmen left
in a foreign country in such misery as we were in
this new discovered Virginia.
Document B
Source: Early tobacco advertisement
Document C
Source: Father Andrew White, blank contract for
indentured servant, 1635.
This indenture made the day of
in the
yeere of our Soveraigne Lord King Charles, &c.
betweene of the one
party, and on the
other party, Witnesseth, that the said
doth hereby covenant promise, and
grant, to and with the said
his Executors and Assignes, to serve him from the
day of the date hereof, until his first and next
arrivall . . . and after for and during the tearme
of yeeres, in such
service and imployment, as.
Georgia History Chapter 4
Hernando De Soto explored Georgia in 1540 searching for gold but found none. He and his men overwhelmed native peoples with weapons and horses, introducing smallpox that killed thousands. In the late 1600s, England began establishing colonies along the Atlantic coast and wanted a buffer colony between Spanish Florida and their other colonies, leading to the founding of Georgia in the 1730s. James Oglethorpe and others established the colony, founding the city of Savannah along a planned grid. Early colonists struggled but more immigrants arrived, and the colony grew and transitioned to practices like slavery and large plantations.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
The document summarizes the political, social, and economic developments in medieval Europe, particularly the Iberian Peninsula, between the 11th-15th centuries. Specifically:
1) Cities regained commercial importance as the rural population grew and agricultural productivity increased, providing surpluses to urban areas. Urban society developed new social classes like the bourgeoisie and guilds.
2) Political institutions like the papacy, Holy Roman Empire, and monarchies vied for power. Monarchs granted cities privileges to gain their support against the nobility.
3) The Iberian Peninsula saw the formation of Christian kingdoms like Aragon, Navarre, and Leon-Castille by the 11th century, which recon
Secession and civil war ppt
The document summarizes the events leading up to and during the American Civil War from 1860-1865. It discusses Southern secession after Lincoln's election, failed compromise attempts, the formation of the Confederate States, and key battles such as Fort Sumter, which marked the start of the war. The war was the world's first "total war" and had enormous social, political, and economic impacts, including the end of slavery and strengthened federal power. The turning point was 1863, when the Emancipation Proclamation reframed the war as being about ending slavery and the Union gained momentum on the battlefield.
Test review
The document provides vocabulary and discussion questions related to decolonization in various regions of the world, including South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Some of the key terms defined are self-determination, nationalism, satyagraha, apartheid, and dependency. Discussion questions compare independence movements and the post-colonial challenges faced in India, Africa and other regions. The document also addresses political changes in Turkey and Iran in the 20th century.
More Related Content
Similar to On the inca by de leon
Markahan2 modyul 1 (mga pag aalsa)
The document summarizes several indigenous uprisings against Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines between 1621-1751. It describes:
1) The 1621 rebellion in Bohol led by Tamblot, a native priest of a diwata (demon), who persuaded villagers to reject Christianity and Spanish rule by promising protection from the diwata. The rebellion was suppressed by Spanish forces.
2) The 1660 Pampanga rebellion led by chieftain Francisco Maniago against abusive woodcutter overseers. Though they negotiated with authorities, the rebellion continued due to mistranslated promises of amnesty.
3) Agrarian-based revolts in Tagalog provinces in 1745 against abusive
The incas
The Incas ruled a large empire in western South America in the 15th and early 16th centuries. They originated in the Andes mountains of Peru, with their capital at Cuzco. Under leaders like Pachacuti, the Incas expanded their territory through conquest. At its height, the Inca Empire stretched along the Andes from Ecuador to Chile and included over 12 million people. The Incas developed an advanced civilization with impressive architecture, road systems, mathematics, and other achievements. However, their empire began declining in the 1500s due to internal conflicts. This weakened them and allowed the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro to defeat the last Inca emperor Atahualpa, leading to the fall of
The Incas
The Incas ruled a large empire in western South America in the 15th and early 16th centuries. They originated in the Andes mountains of Peru, with their capital at Cuzco. Under leaders like Pachacuti, the Incas expanded their territory through conquest. At its height, the Inca Empire stretched along the Andes from Ecuador to Chile and included over 12 million people. The Incas developed an elaborate bureaucracy to govern their diverse territories and subjects. Francisco Pizarro and the Spanish conquistadors were ultimately able to defeat the Incas and take control of the empire in the 1530s, due in part to their superior weapons and the diseases they unwittingly introduced.
American revolution pt 1
The document summarizes several chapters about the American Revolution and the colonial period leading up to it. It describes the growth of trade and news/information flowing between Britain and its colonies, establishing religious uniformity in the colonies. It also discusses the nomadic Native American tribes on the Great Plains and their acquisition of horses and guns from the colonists and Europeans. Finally, it outlines the imperial wars between Britain and France for control of the New World, where each side enlisted Native American tribes to help due to their land expertise and guerrilla warfare tactics.
Aral.pan. 2 nd grading worksheets
This document provides a summary of the Tamblot uprising in Bohol from 1621-1622. It describes how the diwata (spirit) appeared to some Indians and commanded them to abandon Christianity and Spanish rule. Two or three Indians became priests of the diwata, including Tamblot, and persuaded four villages to revolt. They told the people that the diwata would protect them from the Spanish and provide them with abundance. When the Spanish authorities learned of this, they sent troops who engaged and defeated the rebels, hanging some and pardoning others, suppressing the revolt. This success discouraged further uprisings from spreading to other islands.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
1. This document summarizes Medieval Europe from the 11th to 15th centuries. It focuses on political, economic, and social developments.
2. Key developments included the resurgence of cities as the rural population grew and agricultural productivity increased, allowing cities to regain commercial importance. Urban society developed new social classes like the bourgeoisie and guilds.
3. Political institutions at this time included the papacy, Holy Roman Empire, and the growth of royal power as monarchs sought alliances with cities to limit the power of feudal nobles.
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
In 3 sentences:
The document summarizes the harsh treatment of Filipinos under early Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, including exploitative systems like repartimiento and encomienda that conscripted forced labor and allowed Spanish settlers to extract taxes from native lands. Many Spanish soldiers and officials abused these systems, committing acts of violence, pillaging villages, killing hundreds of people, and creating hatred among natives rather than spreading Christianity as intended. While Spanish clergy protested these abuses, the exploitative practices persisted throughout the colonial period.
Ch. 1 racial foundations
This document discusses the history and cultural influences of indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica and what is now the Southwestern United States prior to and during the Spanish colonization. It notes that the Aztecs originated from a mythical place called Aztlan, likely located somewhere in what is now the American Southwest. It also discusses the Reconquista in Spain that established the modern nations of Spain and Portugal, and how this influenced the determination of Spanish conquistadors to defeat indigenous peoples in the Americas in pursuit of land and wealth. Finally, it provides context on the African slave trade and estimates that around 200,000 African slaves were brought to Mexico as a secondary destination from Caribbean islands.
Inca In Peru
The Inca civilization flourished in ancient Peru between 1400-1533 CE. They built the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, spanning twelve modern countries in South America. The Incas developed advanced agricultural techniques like terracing to farm on mountainsides. They also built an extensive road network and developed a messenger system to govern their large empire. The Spanish conquest beginning in 1532 led to the fall of the Inca Empire by 1572.
New Netherland Luciano D'Orazio
The document provides a detailed overview of the history of New Netherland from its founding as a Dutch colony in 1609 through its takeover by the British in 1664. It discusses the colony's establishment, its governance by the Dutch West India Company, the diverse groups that settled there, and life for colonists, Native Americans, slaves, and others. It also examines the colony's economy based on fur trading and agriculture and explains why New Netherland ultimately failed as a Dutch colony.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
The document summarizes Medieval Europe from the 11th to 15th centuries with a focus on the Iberian Peninsula. It describes the resurgence of cities in the Late Middle Ages, the urban society that emerged, and political institutions like the papacy, Holy Roman Empire, and growing power of monarchies. It then discusses the crisis of the 14th century including religious, political, demographic, and social upheaval, as well as the end of the Middle Ages. Finally, it provides details on the political situation and expansion in the Iberian Peninsula from the 11th to 15th centuries, including the rise of Castile and Aragon as the most important kingdoms.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
The document summarizes Medieval Europe from the 11th to 15th centuries, focusing on the Iberian Peninsula. It describes the political situation and divisions of power between kingdoms like Castile, Aragon, Navarre and Portugal. It discusses the Reconquista against the Moors, including major victories like the conquest of Toledo in 1085 and the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. Socially, it outlines the systems of repopulation used to claim lands from the Moors and the establishment of representative bodies like the Cortes. Economically, it notes the demographic and economic crises of the 14th century from plague, war and conflict between social groups.
NEW-SPAINAmong other massacres was one which took place in Cho.docx
NEW-SPAIN
Among other massacres was one which took place in Cholula,
a great city of some thirty thousand inhabitants. When all the
dignitaries of the city and the region came out to welcome the
Spaniards with all due pomp and ceremony, the priests to the
fore and the high/priest at the head of the procession, and then
proceeded to escort them into the city and lodge them in the
houses of the lord and the leading citizens, the Spaniards decided
that the moment had come to organize a massacre (or 'punishment'
as they themselves express such things) in order to inspire
fear and teiror in all the people of the territory. This was, indeed,
the pattern they followed in all the lands they invaded:
to stage a bloody massacre of the most public possible kind in
order to terrorize those meek and gentle peoples. What they did
was the following. They' requested the local lord to send for all
the nobles and leading citizens of the city and of all the surround-
ing communities subject to it and, as soon as they arrived and
entered the building to begin talks with the Spanish commander,
Ithey were seized without anyone outside getting wind of what
was afoot. Part of the original request was that they should
bring with them five or six thousand native bearers and these
were mustered in the courtyards when and as they arrived. One
could not watch these poor wretches getting ready to carry the
Spaniards' packs without taking pity on them, stark naked as
they were with only their modesty hidden from view, each with
a kind of little net on his shoulders in which he carried his own
modest store of provisions. They all got down on their haunches
and waited patiently like sheep. Once they were all safely inside
the courtyard, together with a number of others who were also
there at the time, armed guards took up positions covering the
exits and Spanish soldiers unsheathed their swords and grasped
their lances and proceeded to slaughter these poor innocents.
Not a single soul escaped. After a day or two had gone by,
several victims surfaced, soaked from head to foot in the blood
of their fellows beneath whose bodies they had sheltered (so
thick was the carpet of corpses in the courtyard) and, with tears
in their eyes, pleaded for their lives; but the Spaniards showed
them no mercy nor any compassion, and no sooner did they
crawl out from under the pile of corpses than they were butchered.
The Spanish commander gave orders that the leading citizens,
who numbered over a hundred and were roped together,
were to be tied to stakes set in the ground and burned alive. One
of these dignitaries, however, who may' well have been the first
among them and the king of that whole region, managed to get
free and took refuge, along with twenty or thirty or forty others,
in the great temple of the city, which was fortified and was
known in the local language as quu.
There they put up a stout
defence against the Spaniards which lasted f.
Canassatego's Advice
The document discusses the Iroquois Confederacy's influence and relationship with European colonial powers from the 16th to 18th centuries. It describes how the Iroquois, located between several empires, developed skilled diplomacy to play the empires off each other and maintain their independence. They had regular interactions and treaties with colonial leaders, and an exchange of ideas occurred where Europeans adopted Native technologies and vice versa. The document focuses on how this history created mutual understanding and respect between the Iroquois and colonists by the time of the American Revolution.
Nat2
This document provides a history of Natchez, Mississippi told from the perspective of a tour guide. It summarizes that the author was drawn to Natchez due to its historic aura and buildings. Natchez became prosperous due to its location on the Mississippi River for trade and its fertile lands for cotton agriculture, leading to the construction of many grand homes in the 1800s. The town's historic architecture was preserved through the efforts of the local garden club who began the historic home pilgrimage tours in the 1920s to raise money for preservation.
W7L3European Age of ExplorationA World Map from Alberto Cantin.docx
W7L3
European Age of Exploration
A World Map from Alberto Cantino, 1502
When we last left Europe, the Islamic trading influences had sparked a revolution of ideas in Italy that began to spread across the cultural centers of European kingdoms. The Italian Renaissance slowly spread across Europe, bringing new innovations in technology, art, music, scientific understanding, mathematics, and medicine. In turn these ideas had sparked the Reformation. However, by the sixteenth century, as the Reformation picked up steam and began spreading radical religious ideas throughout Christendom, already some European kingdoms had begun applying Renaissance inventions to new economic opportunities: Exploration.
The presence of patronage throughout royal courts had encouraged a stability of economies. This stability was called mercantilism – the economic doctrine that assumes government control of foreign trade is the most important element of ensuring prosperity for a given state. The idea is that trading partners need each other to prosper, so trading states are less likely to war with each other over minor details, lest that diminishes trade. The downside to mercantilism is that it can foster an atmosphere of such extreme competition between two or more states that other states end up falling prey to that intense rivalry. This is exactly what happened with cultures in Africa, North America, the Caribbean, and Mesoamerica. But the immediacy of stability caused by mercantilism contributed to the standing atmosphere of intellectual curiosity and increasing centralized governments to lead expeditions outside of European domains.
Portugal
The Portuguese had regained control over the Kingdom of Portugal in 1415, when conquering Christian forces had expelled the occupying Moors. Spain still had some years of fighting left to regain control over the remaining Iberian Peninsula, but Portugal began to set its affairs in order and set its sights on increased trade. Playing a key role in this development was Prince Henry the Navigator.
Prince Henry the Navigator extended Portuguese trade ports throughout the coasts of Africa and into India
Prince Henry was very religious and thought that exploring the African coastline might benefit Portugal in economic glory while benefitting African through conversion from mostly Islamic beliefs to Christian ideas. He established a navigation school to increase the knowledge of sailors. New techniques in ship-building allowed for longer journeys with more gods on board. He also spread the idea that courtly chivalrous honor could be achieved through behaviors off the battle-field. In addition to military glory, he thought, knightly behavior could be earned through intellectual exploration, religious piety and missionary work, and the adventure of journeying to places unknown. In the early 1400s, Portuguese sailors began sailing into ports along the African coast. They were there not as conquerors, but as traders.
And so, Portugues.
2º Bil - Unit 6
1) The document discusses the emergence of modern states in 15th-16th century Europe through the rise of strong monarchies like France, England, Spain, and Russia.
2) It focuses on Spain, describing the union between Castile and Aragon under the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella, and their efforts to centralize power and expand territories through conquest and marriage alliances.
3) The Age of Discovery led Portugal to find a sea route to India by exploring along the west coast of Africa, with later Spanish expeditions reaching the Americas while seeking a route to Asia under Columbus.
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103
Document-Based Questions (DBQ) Contents
PART ONE Founding the New Nation c. 33,000 B.C.– A.D. 1783
DBQ 1: The Transformation of Colonial Virginia, 1606–1700 . . . . . . . . . . . A104
(Correlated to pages 27–33, 66–76)
DBQ 2: English-Indian Relations, 1600–1700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A106
(Correlated to pages 28–42, 49, 52, 68)
PART TWO Building the New Nation, 1776–1860
DBQ 3: Thomas Jefferson and Philosophical Consistency, 1790–1809 . . . A108
(Correlated to pages 191–228)
DBQ 4: The Changing Place of Women, 1815–1860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A110
(Correlated to pages 307–308, 317–319, 320–334)
PART THREE Testing the New Nation, 1820–1877
DBQ 5: Slavery and Sectional Attitudes, 1830–1860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A112
(Correlated to pages 348–370, 409–412)
DBQ 6: Abraham Lincoln and the Struggle for Union and
Emancipation, 1861–1865 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A114
(Correlated to pages 434–478)
PART FOUR Forging an Industrial Society, 1865–1909
DBQ 7: The Role of Capitalists, 1875–1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A116
(Correlated to pages 530–544, 547–550)
DBQ 8: The Farmers’ Movement, 1875–1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A118
(Correlated to pages 525, 606–624)
PART FIVE Struggling for Justice at Home and Abroad, 1901–1945
DBQ 9: The United States as World Power, 1895 –1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A121
(Correlated to pages 626–653, 685–718)
DBQ 10: Foreign Policy, 1930–1941 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A124
(Correlated to pages 755–769, 800–820)
PART SIX Making Modern America, 1945 to the Present
DBQ 11: Conformity and Turbulence, 1950–1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A127
(Correlated to pages 854–880, 882–908, 909–937)
DBQ 12: The Resurgence of Conservatism, 1964–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A130
(Correlated to pages 922–1000)
A104 Document-Based Questions
Document A
Source: George Percy, A Discourse on the Plantation of
Virginia, c. 1612.
Our men were destroyed with cruel diseases as
swellings, burning fevers, and by wars, and some
departed suddenly, but for the most part they died
of mere famine. There were never Englishmen left
in a foreign country in such misery as we were in
this new discovered Virginia.
Document B
Source: Early tobacco advertisement
Document C
Source: Father Andrew White, blank contract for
indentured servant, 1635.
This indenture made the day of
in the
yeere of our Soveraigne Lord King Charles, &c.
betweene of the one
party, and on the
other party, Witnesseth, that the said
doth hereby covenant promise, and
grant, to and with the said
his Executors and Assignes, to serve him from the
day of the date hereof, until his first and next
arrivall . . . and after for and during the tearme
of yeeres, in such
service and imployment, as.
Georgia History Chapter 4
Hernando De Soto explored Georgia in 1540 searching for gold but found none. He and his men overwhelmed native peoples with weapons and horses, introducing smallpox that killed thousands. In the late 1600s, England began establishing colonies along the Atlantic coast and wanted a buffer colony between Spanish Florida and their other colonies, leading to the founding of Georgia in the 1730s. James Oglethorpe and others established the colony, founding the city of Savannah along a planned grid. Early colonists struggled but more immigrants arrived, and the colony grew and transitioned to practices like slavery and large plantations.
Unit 3. Medieval Europe
The document summarizes the political, social, and economic developments in medieval Europe, particularly the Iberian Peninsula, between the 11th-15th centuries. Specifically:
1) Cities regained commercial importance as the rural population grew and agricultural productivity increased, providing surpluses to urban areas. Urban society developed new social classes like the bourgeoisie and guilds.
2) Political institutions like the papacy, Holy Roman Empire, and monarchies vied for power. Monarchs granted cities privileges to gain their support against the nobility.
3) The Iberian Peninsula saw the formation of Christian kingdoms like Aragon, Navarre, and Leon-Castille by the 11th century, which recon
Similar to On the inca by de leon (20)
NEW-SPAINAmong other massacres was one which took place in Cho.docx
NEW-SPAINAmong other massacres was one which took place in Cho.docx
W7L3European Age of ExplorationA World Map from Alberto Cantin.docx
W7L3European Age of ExplorationA World Map from Alberto Cantin.docx
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
More from Ashley Birmingham
Secession and civil war ppt
The document summarizes the events leading up to and during the American Civil War from 1860-1865. It discusses Southern secession after Lincoln's election, failed compromise attempts, the formation of the Confederate States, and key battles such as Fort Sumter, which marked the start of the war. The war was the world's first "total war" and had enormous social, political, and economic impacts, including the end of slavery and strengthened federal power. The turning point was 1863, when the Emancipation Proclamation reframed the war as being about ending slavery and the Union gained momentum on the battlefield.
Test review
The document provides vocabulary and discussion questions related to decolonization in various regions of the world, including South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Some of the key terms defined are self-determination, nationalism, satyagraha, apartheid, and dependency. Discussion questions compare independence movements and the post-colonial challenges faced in India, Africa and other regions. The document also addresses political changes in Turkey and Iran in the 20th century.
Decolonization africa, asia, the middle east
Between the 1920s and 1980s, many regions in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East gained independence from European colonial rule through various means such as non-violent protest movements, revolutions that overthrew European powers, and peaceful withdrawals. Nationalist sentiments grew as locals received more education and questioned European claims of superiority, and decolonization was further spurred by the world wars and anti-colonial wars within territories. However, independence did not solve all problems as new nations struggled with economic dependence and inequality.
Test review world communism (2014) (1)
This document provides discussion questions and prompts about communism in Russia and China in the 20th century. It includes prompts about how communists rose to power in each country, the economic and social changes in each country over the century, and the causes of the fall of communism. The document then provides multiple choice questions to test understanding of key events and leaders in Russia and China under communist rule.
The cold war
The Cold War was a period of diplomatic and ideological tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945-1991. Key events included the spread of communism in countries like China and Cuba, the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan which aimed to contain communism, and conflicts like the Korean War and Vietnam War where the two superpowers supported opposing sides. The arms race led to massive military buildups and a space race, raising fears of nuclear war. Ultimately, economic and political pressures contributed to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the late 1980s, marking a U.S. victory in the Cold War.
Communism vs socialism
Communism and socialism differ in their economic systems and political structures. Communism calls for public ownership of the means of production and the abolition of private property, along with a totalitarian government. Socialism allows for some private property and means of production can be owned by public enterprises, cooperatives, or individuals. Socialism can coexist with different political systems including participatory or parliamentary democracy.
Intro chinese communist 2014
The document summarizes the revolution in China and the establishment of Communist China. It describes how the Qing Dynasty fell in 1911 leading to a period of civil war. The Nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek and Communists led by Mao Zedong fought for control of China from 1925-1937. Japan then invaded China in 1937. After World War 2, the civil war resumed until 1949 when the Communists declared the People's Republic of China. Under Mao's leadership, China underwent land redistribution, industrialization, and the consolidation of power by the Communist party through imprisoning dissidents. However, the Great Leap Forward failed and led to a famine causing over 20 million deaths.
Intro ussr communist 2014
Dynastic monarchies in Russia and China faced economic and social problems in the early 20th century, leading to revolutions. In Russia, the tsar was overthrown and a provisional democratic government formed, but it failed amid World War I losses. Radicals like the Bolsheviks gained power, and their leader Lenin seized control. A civil war ensued as anti-communist forces fought back, but the Bolsheviks prevailed. Lenin established communist rule, redistributing land and industrializing through five-year plans. In China, the Qing dynasty fell in 1912 and a provisional government took over, but problems continued and communists gained victory in 1949, establishing the People's Republic of China.
World wars compared
This document provides an overview comparison of World War I and World War II. It discusses the causes, warfare, and results of each war. For causes, it describes the alliances, nationalism, militarism, and imperialism that led to WWI, as well as the resentment over the Treaty of Versailles and global economic depression that contributed to WWII. The warfare of each war included new weapons and tactics. Results of both wars involved massive destruction, deaths, and redrawn maps, as well as long term impacts such as new governments, international organizations, and an emerging Cold War.
Global economic depression overview
The document provides an overview of the global economic depression known as the Great Depression that began in 1929 and lasted through World War II. It discusses several key causes, including overproduction in industry and agriculture which lowered prices and increased unemployment, the crash of the American stock market, and demands for international loan payments which destabilized European economies. The results were widespread bank failures around the world, plummeting agricultural and industrial production, high unemployment rates of 30% in some countries, and a major slowdown in global trade with exports dropping by 50% or more in many areas.
19 and 20 review
This document provides a list of topics to review related to European imperialism between the 18th and 19th centuries, including the Industrial Revolution's effects; problems faced by China and the Ottoman Empire; rebellions within China and reforms within the Ottoman Empire; the rise of nationalism; Japan's opening to the West; methods of European colonial control in India and Africa; systems of labor and agriculture utilized in colonies; and related social and ideological changes in colonized societies.
Review 1750 1900 2
This document summarizes the decline of three major empires - the Ottoman Empire, Qing Chinese Empire, and Japanese Empire - between 1750-1900 as well as the rise of European imperialism during this period. It discusses how the Ottoman and Qing Empires resisted economic change and underestimated European power, leading to their decline, while Japan modernized and industrialized without foreign debt to avoid this fate. It also outlines how Europeans colonized much of Africa and Asia in this era due to new technologies, ideologies of racial superiority, and pursuit of profits from new territories.
Imperialism 2014
Industrialized nations like European powers, the United States, Russia, and later Japan strengthened control over their colonies and established overseas empires in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific between the 18th-19th centuries. They did so to gain profits from trade, capture markets for factory goods, absorb excess population, and achieve national prestige. Imperialism involved exploiting weaker nations' resources and asserting the dominance of European races through the ideology of social Darwinism. Colonizers used military might, alliances with local elites, and economic coercion to partition and dominate Africa and Asia.
Imperialism second wave
The document summarizes the second wave of European colonial conquests from 1750-1900. It involved new European powers like Germany, Italy, Belgium, the US, and Japan expanding their colonies to South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Islands. The colonies were divided into "white colonies" like Canada, Australia and New Zealand that were settlements for Europeans, and "non-white colonies" in Asia and Africa that were ruled indirectly through local elites but controlled by European governments from abroad. By the late 1800s, European powers had partitioned most of Africa at the Berlin Conference and established control over 90% of the land by 1914.
Japan meiji 1700s-1900s
Under the Tokugawa shogunate in the early 1600s, Japan pursued a policy of isolationism, expelling foreigners and prohibiting the Japanese from leaving. However, in the 1800s-1900s, outside pressures from Western powers and a desire for change led Japan to transform itself from a closed, feudal society into a major industrial and military world power through adopting Western ideas and institutions while maintaining independence. The Meiji government oversaw Japan's rapid modernization through industrialization, building infrastructure like railroads, expanding the military, and sending students abroad to learn from Europe. By the early 1900s, Japan had become an imperialist power that gained control of territories like Korea, Taiwan, and Manchuria.
Ottoman & qing 1750 1900s
Between 1750 and 1900, the Ottoman Empire and Qing Dynasty of China experienced turbulent times as industrialized European nations extended their political and economic control overseas through imperialism. Both empires resisted economic changes and faced challenges like nationalist revolts and loss of territory to European powers. By the late 1800s, the Ottoman Empire was seen as weak and the Qing Dynasty struggled against European incursions including the Opium Wars, leading to their eventual collapse in the early 20th century.
Imperialism 2014
Industrialized nations like European powers, the United States, Russia, and later Japan strengthened control over their colonies and established overseas empires in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific between the 18th-19th centuries. They did so to gain profits from trade, capture markets for factory goods, absorb excess populations, and achieve national prestige. Imperialism involved the political and economic domination of weaker nations by stronger industrialized countries through military force, cooperation with local elites, and the use of new technologies like guns and steam ships.
Industrial revolution changes
The Industrial Revolution transformed societies through industrialization in Western Europe, the United States, and later Japan during the 19th century. It introduced factories powered by new technologies like steam engines, which replaced human and animal labor. This led to massive social changes like urbanization, new divisions of social class, and changes in family structures. While industrialization provided economic growth and technological progress, it also had negative consequences for workers and the environment, including dangerous working conditions, pollution, low wages, and lack of regulations. Responses to these issues included government reforms and the rise of labor unions and radical groups advocating for workers' rights.
Industrial revolution review
This document contains images and questions about analyzing images from the 19th and 21st centuries. The images depict various impacts of the industrial revolution like overcrowded cities, growth of the middle class through new jobs, and changes in labor patterns from agricultural to factory work. One image shows a political cartoon about the Luddite movement resisting new technologies. Another image is a chart showing population growth which could indicate demographic changes from the industrial revolution.
Industrial revolution intro 2015
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the late 18th century and spread to other parts of Western Europe, the United States, Japan, and Russia in the 19th century. It introduced new patterns of machine-powered mass production that transformed how goods were manufactured and consumed. While industrialization provided benefits like increased production, it also had negative consequences like poor working conditions, low wages, and lack of regulations regarding the environment and resource use. The revolution brought significant social and economic changes such as urbanization, new social classes, expanded government and industry influence, and new philosophies about politics and economics.
More from Ashley Birmingham (20)
Recently uploaded
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena Syrota
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
Demystifying Knowledge Management through Storytelling
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Tomaz Bratanic
Graph ML and GenAI Expert - Neo4j
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
A Deep Dive into ScyllaDB's Architecture
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Katja Glaß
OpenStudyBuilder Community Manager - Katja Glaß Consulting
Marius Conjeaud
Principal Consultant - Neo4j
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...Edge AI and Vision Alliance
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
Recently uploaded (20)
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
Demystifying Knowledge Management through Storytelling
Demystifying Knowledge Management through Storytelling
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
Nordic Marketo Engage User Group_June 13_ 2024.pptx
Nordic Marketo Engage User Group_June 13_ 2024.pptx
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
On the inca by de leon
- 1. On the INCAS Source: Pedro de Cieza de Leon, Spanish conquistador who participated in various expeditions and helped found a number of cities in South America from 1536 to 1547, he later became the official chronicler of the New World It is told for a fact of the rulers of this kingdom that in the days of their rule they had their representatives in the capitals of all the provinces, for in all these places there were larger and finer lodgings than in most of the other cities of this great kingdom, and many storehouses. They served as the head of the provinces or regions, and from every so many leagues around the tributes were brought to one of these capitals, and from so many others, to another. This was so well-organized that there was not a village that did not know where it was to send its tribute. In all these capitals the Incas had temples of the Sun, mints, and many silversmiths who did nothing but work rich pieces of gold or fair vessels of silver; large garrisons were stationed there, and a steward who was in command of them all, to whom an accounting of everything that was brought in was made, and who, in turn, had to give one of all that was issued. ...The tribute paid by each of these provinces, whether gold, silver, clothing, arms and all else they gave, was entered in the accounts of those who kept the quipus (record-keeping device using knots on cords of colored strings) and did everything ordered by the governor in the matter of finding the soldiers or supplying whomever the Inca ordered, or making delivery to the capital of Cuzco; but when they came from the city of Cuzco to go over the accounts, or they were ordered to go to Cuzco to give an accounting, the accountants themselves gave it by the quipus, or went to give it where there could be no fraud, but everything had to come out right. Few years went by in which an accounting was not made.... At the beginning of the new year, the rulers of each village came to Cuzco, bringing their quipus, which told how many births there had been during the year, and how many deaths. In this way the Inca and the governors knew which of the Indians were poor, the women who had been widowed, whether they were able to pay their taxes, and how many men they could count on in the event of war, and many other things they considered highly important. The Incas took care to see that justice was meted out, so much so that nobody ventured to commit a felony or theft. This was to deal with thieves, rapists, or conspirators against the Inca. As this kingdom was so vast, in each of the many provinces there were many storehouses filled with supplies and other needful things; thus, in times of war, wherever the armies went they drew upon the contents of these storehouses, without ever touching the supplies of their confederates or laying a finger on what they had in their settlements....Then the storehouses were filled up once more with the tributes paid the Inca. If there came a lean year, the storehouses were opened and the provinces were lent what they needed in the way of supplies; then, in a year of abundance, they paid back all they had received. No one who was lazy or tried to live by the work of others was tolerated; everyone had to work. Thus on certain days each lord went to his lands and took the plow in hand and cultivated the earth, and did other things. Even the Incas themselves did this to set an example. And under their system there was none such in all the kingdom, for, if he had his health, he worked and lacked for nothing; and if he was ill, he received what he needed from the storehouses. And no rich man could deck himself out in more finery than the poor, or wear different clothing, except the rulers and the headmen, who, to maintain their dignity, were allowed great freedom and privilege.