The document lists three ancient Mesoamerican civilizations: Olmec, Maya, and Chavin. The Olmec civilization emerged around 1200 BC in Mexico and were among the first complex societies in Mesoamerica. The Maya civilization flourished in southern Mexico and Central America between 250 AD to 900 AD, known for constructing temples, pyramids and cities and developing a writing system. The Chavin civilization developed in the highlands and coast of modern-day Peru between 900 BC to 200 BC, noted for their architectural style seen in sites like Chavin de Huantar.