The document discusses how online activism and social media can facilitate successful offline activism. It provides examples of how the Kony 2012 campaign and Ice Bucket Challenge used social media to raise global awareness and mobilize millions of people. However, clicktivism alone is often not enough and must be backed by real-world actions like protests and meetings with politicians. The Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong also demonstrates how social media allowed protesters to share information in real-time and coordinate their actions despite police presence. For activism to be truly effective, online campaigns need to motivate participants to get involved through offline demonstrations and advocacy.

1. OFFLINE ACTIVISM
HOW SUCCESSFUL ACTIVISM FACILITATE SOCIAL MEDIA
By Wilson Fung
Anoymous Protest by Sean.P.Anderson via Flickr

2. The translation of “Clicktivism” into offline
activism is difficult, and it is where most
clicktivism failed.
Gamers by Gary.J. Wood via Flickr
Modification: Black and White, Curves, Crop

3. “online activism must be backed with real world
activism: letters to government officials,
advocacy meetings, public demonstrations.”
-Representatives of petition websites Avaaz and Change.org. (5)
Negociation Meeting by UN ISDR via Flickr $ =

4. “In summary the Kony 2012
campaign is an impressive
example of how social media
can be successfully used for
a social cause, reaching
global awareness and
mobilizing millions of people
around the world.”
-Bresciani, Schmeil (8)
March8 by Randi Koons via Flickr

5. #Kony 2012 by Invisible Children was able
to facilitate the power of polititian and
raise a huge awareness in the digital
realm, and create an offline activism.
#Kony 2012 - pix11 by Kempton via Flickr $ =

6. “In just a few days from the
launch the campaign has
reached a popularity level
probably unforeseen even by
the organizers.”
-Bresciani, Schmeil (8)
With the power of politicians and
cultural leaders, the campaign went viral
and quickly raised global awareness.
#kony2012 #japan by Ryohei Noda via Flickr

7. FRAUD
“They [Invisible Children] are not a member of our forum.
Many international organisations prefer to work and have
direct contact with their quarters. They don't work so much
within the structures we have in the country. There is
nothing dramatic about them. They are like any other
organisation trying to make a difference. At the moment I
think the work of Invisible Children is about appealing to
people's emotions. I think that time has passed. Their
reputation in the country is something that can be
debatable. There is a strong argument generally about
NGOs and their work in the north.”
- Arthur Larok, Action Aid's director in Uganda (12)
Kony 2012 mural (#0301) by regan76 via Flickr

8. It is often challenging to verify the credibility of a
“clicktivism” campaign and online activism. This
contributed to the failure of clicktivism.
Kony Revolt #atm by Remy Sharp via Flickr

9. EXTREME CLICKTIVISM
DERIVED FROM THE REAL WORLD
ANONYMOUS by Andrewww26 via Flickr $ =

10. “Anonymous is a group of hacktivists, and
hacktivism is our way of protesting
against societal and governmental
unfairness. While non-fierce, lots of acts
of hacktivism are against the law – or are
at least lawfully ambiguous – which leads
many perpetrators to work incognito.”
-Anon.Dos (1)
“But we can’t ignore the role that
technology and digital activism can play
in service to our overall mission. So we
appreciate all those clicks and finger taps
to view our webpages and follow our
Twitter feeds, because they’re more than
just gestures.”
-U.S. Fund for UNICEF (11)
anonymous (1) by Humberto Chalate via Flickr $ =

11. Only a minority of hacktavist would
participate in offline activism, however,
their hacktivist movement online has a
much bigger imapct than their activist
movement offline.
Anonymous by Tim Brockleyvia Flickr $ =

12. “To date, the group has released 11 financial
reports on various Chinese and American
businesses. The most popular of these
reports covered Western Union and Qihoo
360. However, there largest success came
against a company known as REXLot.”
-Righteous (6)
“Details are now emerging that the online
hacktivist group, Anonymous has attacked and
successfully shut down a number of banking and
financial institutions belonging to the global elites,
who are known as the 1%.”
- Amando Flavio (3)
Anonymous Hacker by Brian Klug via Flickr $

13. “Hacker group Anonymous has declared war on the Hong
Kong government and hacked into a number of Hong
Kong websites, citing the treatment of protesters during
Occupy Central as the main impetus for the attack.”
-Jeremy Blum (2)
Anonymous also participate in offline activism, and
transform the offline activism into “clicktivism”
Using their online power to compliment the offline
activist movement.
Some of the popular hacktivist attcks by Anonymous
#OpWallStreet
#OpTrump
#OpHK
#OpBart
Anonymous by Robin Schuil via Flickr $

14. umbrella movement
a movement would have failed without internet
20140928 by Studio Incendo via Flickr

15. “In December 2014, the Umbrella
Movement, Hong Kong protests
that had started on September 22,
ended. Major roads, which had for
three months been occupied by
protesters, now were bustling
again with traffic.”
-Tyler Y. Headley and Cole Tanigawa-Lau (4)
31th Day Hong Kong Umbrella Revolution by Studio Incendo via Flickr

16. Occupying the busiest streets in a city is never an easy act. It requires
a well organized logistic of resources and human force. The social
media acted as a platform where protesters could share and exchange
information. More importantly, social media allows the protesters to
strategize their action.
20141004 Mongkok by かがみ∼ via Flickr $ =

17. “As Hong Kong protesters fought
against a proposed electoral rule
change by Beijing, social media,
and technology more broadly, was
key to spreading the message, so
that it was heard not just by pro-
testers but around the world.
Even those not attending were
able to get involved; Showing soli-
darity with the protest was as
simple as sharing an image of a
yellow umbrella on Facebook, Ins-
tagram and Twitter accounts to
symbolize the movement that car-
ried its name.”
-Aza Wee Sile (10)
DSC_4082 by Max via Flickr

18. Social media became a media platform for citizens.
Protesters essentially are reporters, and creating live feeds
of the situation in real time.
Such rapid sharing of information defeated the conventional
news media and also the distribution of police force.
20141018 Mongkok by かがみ∼ via Flickr $ =

19. SUCCESSFUL CLICKTIVISM
SOUNDS FUN
Mission Accomplished - ALS Ice Bucket Challenge by Anthony Quintano via Flickr

20. “How can something that inspired this kind
of effort by Bill Gates be anything less than
a triumph? The ice bucket challenge is
raising awareness by being inclusive, fun,
humorous, and touching. It is a true viral
offline/online campaign, and a great
blueprint for other nonprofits to follow.”
“Every little bit adds up, so if we can find
ways to keep our message meaningful over
a longer period of time, we allow for that
momentum to happen. Maybe by engaging
and using these hashtag activists to amplify
our message — even if they are unable to
give — we can do just that.”
-Ritu Sharma (9)
At the end, activism should be meningful and fun. It should be fun
enough so people would enjoy the experience.
TED2009- Bill Gates by Red Maxwell via Flickr $

21. Work Cited
Anon.Dos. "Hacks Done By Anonymous For The Greater Good." AnonHQ. 3 June 2016. Web. 3 June 2016.
http://anonhq.com/hacks-done-anonymous-greater-good/
Blum, Jeremy. "'Anonymous' Hacker Group Declares Cyber War on Hong Kong Government, Police." South China Morning Post. 2 Oct.
2014. Web. 2 June 2016.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1607579/anonymous-hacker-group-declares-cyber-war-hong-kong
Flavio, Amando. "What The Media Will Not Report: Anonymous Shuts Down New York Stock Exchange, Fed Reserve, World Bank, &
Vatican." AnonHQ. 28 May 2016. Web. 2 June 2016.
http://anonhq.com/media-will-not-report-anonymous-shuts-new-york-stock-exchange-fed-reserve-world-bank-vatican/
Headley, Tyler Y., and Cole Tanigawa Lau. "Why Did Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement Fail?" The Diplomat. 6 Apr. 2016. Web. 2 June
2016. http://thediplomat.com/2016/04/why-did-hong-kongs-umbrella-movement-fail/
Kielburger, Craig, and Marc Kielburger. "A Click Is Not Enough to Have Impact on World." Canoe.com. 10 Apr. 2015. Web. 2 June 2016.
http://cnews.canoe.com/CNEWS/World/2015/04/10/22337541.html.
Lin, Thomas. "Scientists Turn to Crowds on the Web to Finance Their Projects." The New York Times. The New York Times, 11 July 2011.
Web. 2 June 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/12/science/12crowd.html?pagewanted=all.
Righteous. "Anonymous Tops The List - The Top 5 Most Active (Trending) Hacktivists Groups In 2016." AnonHQ. 31 May 2016. Web. 2
June 2016. http://anonhq.com/anonymous-remains-trending-hacktivist-group-2016/
S. Bresciani and A. Schmeil, "Social media platforms for social good," 2012 6th IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and
Technologies, 6, 1-6. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.proxy.queensu.ca/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6227944.
Sharma, Ritu. "Stop Pouring Ice on Clicktivism." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 20 Oct. 2014. Web. 2 June 2016.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ritusharma/stop-pouring-ice-on-click_b_5692555.html.
Sile, Aza Wee. "Hong Kong's Digitized Fight for Democracy." CNBC. 22 Sept. 2015. Web. 04 June 2016.
http://www.cnbc.com/2015/09/16/social-media-key-to-hong-kongs-occupy-central-fight-for-democracy.html
Stern, Caryl M. "In Praise of Clicktivism." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 31 May 2015. Web. 2 June 2016.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/caryl-m-stern/in-praise-of-clicktivism_b_6978314.html.
Vidal, John, Tom McCarthy, and Polly Curtis. "Kony 2012: What's the Real Story?" The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 08 Mar.
2012. Web. 2 June 2016.
http://www.theguardian.com/politics/reality-check-with-polly-curtis/2012/mar/08/kony-2012-what-s-the-story
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22. Image Credit
Aranged based on the order of the images appear
Anoymous Protest by Sean.P.Anderson via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/seanpanderson/22212795483/
Gamers by Gary.J. Wood via Flickr
Modification: Black and White, Curves, Crop
https://www.flickr.com/photos/garyjwood/2876236677/
Negociation Meeting by UN ISDR via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/isdr/16642088577/
March8 by Randi Koons via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ra_coons/6965943017/
#Kony 2012 - pix11 by Kempton via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/k-ideas/6968700681/
#kony2012 #japan by Ryohei Noda via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/g4gti/7096152535/
Kony 2012 mural (#0301) by regan76 via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/j_regan/7461451340/
Kony Revolt #atm by Remy Sharp via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/remysharp/6842212912/in/photolist-bqC8w9-bAHu6j
ANONYMOUS by Andrewww26 via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/andrewww26/8199966524/
anonymous (1) by Humberto Chalate via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/humbertochalate/9104694010/
Anonymous by Tim Brockleyvia Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/manchesterstreetsnaps/15468644694/

23. Anonymous Hacker by Brian Klug via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/brianklug/6870002408/
Anonymous by Robin Schuil via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/schuilr/5860896862/
20140928 by Studio Incendo via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/studiokanu/17452697506/
31th Day Hong Kong Umbrella Revolution by Studio Incendo via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/studiokanu/15465630910/
20141004 Mongkok by かがみ∼ via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sonotoki/15420820266/
DSC_4082 by Max via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/maxlmn/15357504389/
20141018 Mongkok by かがみ∼ via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sonotoki/15560549111/in/album-72157648347703802/
Mission Accomplished - ALS Ice Bucket Challenge by Anthony Quintano via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/quintanomedia/14848287869/
TED2009- Bill Gates by Red Maxwell via Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/48692800@N00/4308789843/
Image Credit
Aranged based on the order of the images appear