Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH value of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the atmosphere. ... When carbon dioxide dissolves into seawater, it forms carbonic acid (H2CO3). Ocean acidification impacts many species, especially organisms like oysters and corals. Ocean acidification reduces the amount of carbonate, a key building block in seawater. This makes it more difficult for marine organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form their shells and skeletons, and existing shells may begin to dissolve. ... The impacts of ocean acidification are not uniform across all species.

1. Ashish Sahu
PhD- Fisheries Recourse Management

10. Mitigation of OA can only be achieved by drastically reducing net CO2 emissions
at sufficient scale and speed, and this goal should be pursued regardless of
achieving temperature targets affirmed by the Paris Agreement (PA). The net
reduction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions can be achieved, for example, by the
deployment of low carbon and carbon-neutral energy technologies and improved
energy efficiency, as well as ocean-based solutions.

11. Aquatic vegetation has been shown to remediate or buffer
against impacts of acidification in nearshore coastal waters
by raising the pH level within the submerged ecosystems
and potentially improving the growth and survival of
species that are sensitive to ocean acidification. It is now
broadly recognized, that protecting and restoring Blue
Carbon ecosystems will prevent carbon emissions associated
with their degradation,
The ocean offers a number of natural carbon pumps,
whose preservation or enhancement can provide effective
carbon reduction strategies. For instance, vegetated
coastal habitats such as mangroves, seagrass and salt
marshes naturally sequester carbon over long-time scales
by accumulating it in their sediments.
Therefore a number of initiatives (blue carbon) have been
developed to take action.

13. Adaptive capacity in fisheries can be greatly increased by protecting
and enhancing fish stock abundance through the reduction of non-
acidification related stressors, including overfishing.

14. Thank you….