The document discusses obesity and cancer in India. It notes that India accounts for 15% of the world's obese population with 30 million obese people. Obesity is estimated to cause 3-4 million deaths worldwide annually. The document then focuses on lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths in India. It discusses the causes of lung cancer as smoking and air pollution, and notes that 90% of lung cancers are caused by tobacco smoke. The stages, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for lung cancer are summarized. The treatment section focuses on surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies as options.

1. G.Balakrishnan
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemistry
Vivekananda College
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OBESITY

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3. • A country where 270 million people live below the
'poverty line', obesity seems to be a distant issue, meant
for the richkids of first world.
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4. • India together accounted for 15 per cent of the
world's obese population, with 30 million
obese people, respectively.
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5. • In 2010, overweight and obesity were
estimated to cause 3 to 4 million deaths, 3.9
per cent of years of life lost, and 3.8 per cent
of disability-adjusted life-years worldwide,
the study said.
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17. CANCER
COME, LET US KNOW IT
BETTER!!
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18. International Facts on ………..
 2nd leading causes of death worldwide.
The number of new cases is expected to rise
by about 70% over the next 2 decades.
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/
http://canceratlas.cancer.org/the-burden/
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19. Content
What Is Cancer?
Classification of Tumors
Types of Cancer
Lung cancer
Causes and Risk factors of Lung Cancer
Staging of lung cancer
Symptoms
Diagnose / Treatment
Prevention4/12/2020 G.Balakrishnan 19

20. What Is Cancer?
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells.
Many types of tumors eventually release cancer
cells that migrate to distant sites in the body,
which they form the secondary tumors know as
metastasis.
http://www.gif2fly.com/Brain%20Cancer%20Cells.
html
https://shawnadieckmann123.wordpress.com/2016/01/07/c
ell-cycle-control-mitosis-and-cancer/
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21. Why is Crab the Symbol of Cancer?
“Cancer” is the Latin word for
crab.
 In its natural habitat, a crab is a
fast, resilient decapod
crustacean that springs to
action and moves in multiple
directions.
 Similarly cancer spreads
from the place at which it
first arose as a primary
tumor to distant locations
in the body.
(source: University of Chicago Radiology
PET-CT department
http://giphy.com/gifs/close-call-crab-car-
wIwrQ3umuEuM8 21

22. Cancer Cells Versus Normal Cells
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23. Classification of Tumors
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24. Types of Cancer
 There are more than 120 types of cancer, characterized by
abnormal cell growth.
Types of cancer are usually named for the organs or tissues
where the cancers form.
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26. http://www.who.int/cancer/country-profiles/ind_en.pdf
xxxxxxxxxxxx
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27. Lung cancer
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28. • What is lung cancer?
Lung cancer results
from abnormal
growth of cells in the
lining of the lungs,
leading to the growth
of a malignant
tumour.
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29. Lung cancer
Respiratory motion as acquired by 4D
CT. The lung tumor to be irradiated is
highlighted in red.
Tobacco smoke contains more than 4,000
chemical compounds
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30. Causes and Risk factors of Lung
Cancer
90% of lung cancers
non-smokers who live
or work with smokers
Other causes of lung
cancer include air
pollution
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31. Stage I : cancer that is confined
to the lung
Stage II: cancer that is confined
to the chest
Stage III: cancer that is confined to
the chest but with larger
and more aggressive tumours
than at stage II
Stage IV: cancer that has spread to
other parts of the body.
Staging of lung cancer
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32. symptoms of lung cancer
1. Persistent cough and hoarseness
2. Shortness of breath
3. wheezing
4. Blood-streaked sputum
5. Chest pain
6. Frequent episodes of bronchitis or
pneumonia
7. Weight loss, weakness, and fatigue.
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33. diagnose lung cancer
1. patient history,
2. physical examination,
3. blood tests,
4. chest x-rays,
5. computerized tomography (CT)
6. positron emission tomography (PET) scans,
7. bone scans,
8. bronchoscopy,
9. cytological studies of sputum,
10. bronchial washings, and fine needle biopsy.
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34. Treatment
• Surgery is the most effective treatment for lung
cancer but only about 20% of lung cancers are
suitable for surgery. (Stage I and II only)
• Radiation therapy may be used for all stages (I-IV)
and is a good option for people are not suitable for
surgery or who refuse surgery.
• Chemotherapy drugs may be given alone or in
combination with surgery or radiation therapy.
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35.  Targeted therapies: These are drugs (gefitinib and erlotinib)
or antibodies (cetuximab, bevacizumab) that block the growth
and spread of cancer by interfering with specific molecules
involved in tumour growth and progression.
Bevacizumab
Cetuximab
Gefitinib
Erlotinib
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36. General side effects
Some side effects of radiotherapy are caused by its
effect on normal tissue in your body. These may
include
1. Tiredness and feeling run down
2. A sore throat and trouble swallowing
3. A cough
4. Hair loss
5. Chest pain
6. A temperature and shivering
7. Feeling sick
8. Sore skin in the treatment area
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37. Prevention is better than cure!!
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38. Avoid
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39. Let us fight cancer!!!!!!
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40. THANK YOU!
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