The document discusses the food pyramid and healthy eating, describing the 6 major food groups, benefits of each group, and examples of foods within each group. It also provides statistics on overweight and obesity rates in youth populations, risk factors, priority health needs, and resources for affordable healthy eating in Pasadena. The goal is to promote healthy eating and active living to reduce rates of overweight, obesity, and related diseases.

1. The Food Pyramid: Healthy Eating Everyday
Ronalyn Tiongson
NURS 496 Summer 2017

2. Overview
• Discuss statistics of overweight and obesity in youths
• Describe risk factors for overweight and obesity in youths
• Describe priority health needs
• Describe the food pyramid
– Explain 6 food groups, benefits, examples of food in each group
• Discuss tips for healthy living
• Provide list of resources to affordable healthy eating in Pasadena

3. Overweight & Obesity in the Youth Population
• 1 in 5 young people are overweight or obese, with Hispanics and Non-
Hispanic black youth more likely in this category (Kaiser Permanente, 2016).
• In Pasadena, 13.4% of teens and 27.5% of children are overweight (Kaiser
Permanente, 2016).
• 20% of children in grades 5, 7 and 9 are considered overweight and within
the “needs improvement” category for body composition, an analysis to
determine body mass index calculation (Kaiser Permanente, 2016).
• In 2013-2014, only 60.2% of teens, ages 12-17, engaged in physical activity for
at least 1 hour three or more time a week, which is lower than the California
average (Huntington Hospital, 2016).
• 54% of children and teens ate at least 2 servings of fruit in the previous day,
which is 14% less than the California value (Huntington Hospital, 2016).

4. Risk Factors
• Lack of access to affordable healthy food due to:
– limited high quality foods available
– low income
• Increased availability of fast food places
• Lack of knowledge about how to utilize affordable healthy foods
• Cultural factors (Satia, 2016)
– Larger body sizes are acceptable amongst African Americans
– Eating is a “social experience”
– Diet
(Huntington Hospital, 2016)

5. Priority Health Needs
Promote healthy eating and active
living to reduce the rates of overweight
and obesity and prevent diseases such
as diabetes and hypertension.
(Kaiser Permanente, 2016)

6. Healthy Eating is Eating Right
• Good nutrition is important to good health. This will give
your body energy and help you grow.
• Make “smart” choices from every food group.
• Eating foods from the Food Guide Pyramid and being
physically active will help you grow healthy and strong!
• Eat a variety of foods. A balanced diet is one that
includes all the food groups.
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

7. The Food Pyramid
(Dachis, 2010)

8. Grain Group
• BENEFIT: contains carbohydrates
which give us steady energy and
keep us full up.
• any food made from wheat, rice,
oats, cornmeal, barley or another
cereal grain is a grain product.
• EXAMPLES: bread, cereal, rice,
pasta, oatmeal, tortillas, popcorn,
crackers, and pretzels (Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

9. Vegetable Group
• BENEFIT: provides fiber and vitamins
which helps with elimination and has
nutrients to help stay healthy and fight off
bad bugs in the body.
• any vegetable or 100% vegetable juice counts
as a member of the vegetable group.
• vegetables may be raw or cooked; fresh,
frozen, canned, or dried/dehydrated; and
may be whole, cut-up, or mashed.
• EXAMPLES: broccoli, carrots, corn, peas,
green beans, tomatoes, squash, celery,
cucumbers, lettuce, potatoes, and cabbage
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

10. Fruit Group
• BENEFIT: provides fiber and vitamins
which helps with elimination and has
nutrients to help stay healthy and fight off
bad bugs in the body.
• any fruit or 100% fruit juice counts as part
of the fruit group.
• fruits may be fresh, canned, frozen, or
dried, and may be whole, cut-up, or
pureed.
• EXAMPLES: apples, bananas,
strawberries, grapes, lemons, oranges,
cantaloupe, watermelon, peaches, and
raisins
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

11. Milk, Cheese, and Yogurt Group
• BENEFIT: provides calcium to keep
bones and teeth strong and healthy
• milk and many foods made from milk
are considered part of this food
group.
• most milk group choices should be
fat-free or low-fat.
• EXAMPLES: milk, yogurt, cheese, ice
cream, and pudding
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

12. Meats, Beans, and Nuts Group
• BENEFIT: provides proteins which helps our bodies
grow and repair themselves
• all foods made from meat, poultry, fish, dry beans or
peas, eggs, nuts, and seeds are considered part of this
group. Dry beans and peas are part of this group as well
as the vegetable group.
• most meat and poultry choices should be lean or low-
fat. Fish, nuts, and seeds contain healthy oils, so
choose these foods frequently instead of meat or
poultry.
• EXAMPLES: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, turkey, fish,
tuna, crawfish, crabs, shrimp, eggs, beans, nuts, and
sunflower seeds are some examples of foods in the
meat group.
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

13. Fats, Oils, and Sweets Group
• Sweets have lots of sugar and have NO
vitamins or nutrients. Provides only short
bursts of energy and can make you
hyperactive
• Oils are fats.
• Cooking oil, butter, mayonnaise, chips, dips,
and salad dressings are some examples of
foods in the fat and oil group.
• Oily foods and fats should be eaten in very
small amounts.
• EXAMPLES: Candy, deserts, and soft drinks
are some examples of foods in the sweet
group.
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

14. SNACKS
When you get hungry between meals, choose a healthy snack.
Any fruit or 100% fruit juice, water, or dried fruit, like raisins or
nuts would be healthy choices.
Remember . . . fewer sweets, candy, and soft drinks.
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

15. Tips for Healthy Living
• Eat a variety of food to get the energy, protein, vitamins, and
minerals, and fiber you need for good health
• Choose a diet with plenty of grains, vegetables and fruits
• Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sugar
• Balance the food you eat with physical activity to maintain
and improve your weight
– Active for 30 mins/day for adults
– Active for 60 mins/day for children and teenagers
(Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2017)

16. Resources for Affordable
Healthy Food in Pasadena
 Los Angeles Red Shield Youth & Community Center
 The Los Angeles Food Policy Council
 WIC
 Huntington Hospital Community Outreach
(Huntington Hospital, 2016)

17. Interactive Activity: Food Pyramid Wall Decal
Name the six food
groups
Which food belong in
each food groups?

18. QUESTIONS? COMMENTS?

19. References
Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. (2017) The food guide pyramid. Retrieved from
https://www.cnpp.usda.gov/sites/default/files/archived_projects/FGPPamphlet.pdf
Dachis, A. (2010, October 11). The food pyramid [Online image]. Retrieved from https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/s--W-
ofbS_0--/c_scale,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/18ixry7snj0a0gif.gif
Huntington Hospital. (2016). 2016 community health needs assessment of greater Pasadena. Retrieved from
http://www.healthypasadena.org/content/sites/pasadena/2016/2016_Community_Health_Needs_Assessment_of_Greater_P
asadena.pdf
Kaiser Permanente. (2016). 2016 community health needs assessment. Retrieved from
https://share.kaiserpermanente.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KFH-LA-CHNA-Final-5.23.16.pdf
Satia, J.A. (2010). Diet-related disparities: Understanding the problem and accelerating solutions. J Am Diet Association. 109(4), 610-
615. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.019
United States Census Bureau. (2017). Community facts. Retrieved from
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml

20. Diabetes Prevention
Ronalyn Tiongson
NURS 496 – Summer 2017

21. Overview
• YouTube video: What is diabetes?
• Share my diabetes story
• Discuss diabetes information sheet and activity

22. What is Diabetes?
(Health Nuts Media, 2010)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4EEtubB74lM

23. My Diabetes Story
• August 2008, I went into diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Normally, the body uses glucose for energy. But when the
body can't use glucose for fuel - like when a person has untreated diabetes - the body breaks down fat for energy
instead. When fat is broken down, the body produces chemicals called ketones, which appear in the blood and
urine. High levels of ketones cause the blood to become more acidic (KidsHealth, 1997-2017). This is DKA.
• I was diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. My blood glucose level in the ER was 1973 mg/dl.
– Before a meal: 80-130 mg/dL
– After a meal: less than 180mg/dL
• Cause: I had no family history. Possible cause was an environmental trigger from the flu virus which resulted to
an autoimmune response
• Classic symptoms: I had the flu for two weeks. Tired, hungry, thirsty, and frequent urination.
• I was found lying down on the bathroom floor by my dad. I had no recollection of the event and was
unconscious and delirious for 24 hours. I was conscious and back to my normal self the next day. I spent 5 days
in the intensive care unit and 2 days in medical-surgical unit. I was very fortunate and blessed to be alive.
• Maintenance of diabetes involves healthy diet and staying active, strict management of blood sugar levels and
insulin administration

24. Diabetes Info and Activity Handouts
Click on hyperlink below:
https://www.diabetesresearch.org/document.doc?id=274

25. Questions? Comments?

26. References
Diabetes Institute Research Foundation. (2016). Diabetes & kids. Retrieved from https://www.diabetesresearch.org/document.doc?id=274
Health Nuts Media. (2010, December 10). What is diabetes? [Video clip]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4EEtubB74lM
KidsHealth. (1995-2017). Ketoacidosis. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/en/parents/ketoacidosis.html