Sajedur Akanda is a mechanical engineer and researcher with expertise in experimental and applied mechanics, fracture mechanics, fatigue analysis, and material characterization. He has over 10 years of experience conducting research at Ohio State University and Tuskegee University, where he has published 10 peer-reviewed papers. His work focuses on fatigue and failure analysis of materials, coatings, and composites through experimental testing and finite element modeling.
Diodes are semiconductor components that allow current to flow in only one direction. They have two terminals called the anode and cathode. Current can flow from the anode to the cathode but not in the reverse direction. When a forward bias is applied, the depletion region collapses and current can flow through the diode. When a reverse bias is applied, the depletion region expands and blocks current flow. Diodes are used in applications such as rectifiers, reverse current protection, logic gates, and voltage spike suppression.
This document discusses the history and basics of semiconductors and electronic circuits. It covers key topics like the development of early computers using vacuum tubes, the invention of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1948, the first integrated circuits in the late 1950s, and how doping processes are used to dope silicon substrates for semiconductors. The document also provides an overview of basic circuit theory and both passive and active electronic devices.
The document discusses the physics of semiconductors including PN junction diodes and resistors. It covers semiconductor fundamentals like doping and intrinsic nature. It describes how doping materials like phosphorus or boron create N-type or P-type semiconductors. When an N-type and P-type material come into contact, a PN junction is formed with a depletion region and electric field. A PN junction acts as a switch that only allows current in one direction depending on whether it is forward or reverse biased.
This document discusses gas-assisted laser cutting of medium-section metals using spherically aberrated laser beams. It analyzes how spherical aberration affects the laser intensity distribution near the focal point through numerical simulations and experiments. Several optical systems were designed with identical parameters except for the noncorrected spherical aberration to produce different intensity profiles. Trial cuts in mild steel were performed to examine how the aberrated intensity profiles impacted cut quality. The results showed that high quality cuts can be achieved with different intensity distributions, but maintaining precise focal point positioning is more important for beams with greater aberration-induced refocusing.
synthesis of doped chromium oxide nanoparticlesGaurav Yogesh
The document summarizes a research paper on the size-dependent optical properties of zinc-doped chromium oxide (Cr2O3) nanoparticles. It includes an introduction, methods used to prepare and analyze the nanoparticles, results of the analysis showing decreasing band gap and changing refractive index with decreasing particle size, and conclusions about the nanoparticles exhibiting quantum confinement effects and potential applications in solar cells and optoelectronic devices.
11(4) 2020 ITJEMAST Multidisciplinary Research Articlesdrboon
Research papers 2020 Behavioral finance; Personality traits; Behavioral factors; Overconfidence bias; Locus of control; Decision-making; Biased behavior Carbon (CO2) emissions; Economic Growth; Energy consumption; Trade; ARDL Approach; Granger Causality; Energy use Pedestrian start-up time; Street crosswalk, Pedestrian traffic signals; Pedestrians traffic lights; zebra crossings; Intersection crossings Service Attributes; Relationship quality; Relationship outcomes; Banking services; Electronic Customer Relationship Management; Virtual relationships; eBanking; eCRM College town landscape; College town character; Campus community; Urban identity; College town space; Sense of a place; Public Space; University gardens; Cultural identity; Campus identity; Businesses in college towns Emotional quotient; Self-emotional appraisal; Workplace Advice Network (WAN) Centrality; Service Sector Organizations; Sociometric matrix; Interconnectivity of nodes
This document summarizes a dissertation on exploring active and passive mode-locking in fibre ring lasers. It begins with an abstract stating the aim is to optimize pulse shaping in these lasers and directly compare active and passive mode-locking techniques. Section 1 provides background on mode-locking theory and factors that affect pulse formation. Section 2 will discuss active mode-locking using an acousto-optic modulator and optimizing pulse parameters. Section 3 will cover passive mode-locking using saturable absorbers and simulations. Section 4 will modify a passively mode-locked laser to support multi-wavelength generation via four-wave mixing and determine if this enhances performance.
Sajedur Akanda is a mechanical engineer and researcher with expertise in experimental and applied mechanics, fracture mechanics, fatigue analysis, and material characterization. He has over 10 years of experience conducting research at Ohio State University and Tuskegee University, where he has published 10 peer-reviewed papers. His work focuses on fatigue and failure analysis of materials, coatings, and composites through experimental testing and finite element modeling.
Diodes are semiconductor components that allow current to flow in only one direction. They have two terminals called the anode and cathode. Current can flow from the anode to the cathode but not in the reverse direction. When a forward bias is applied, the depletion region collapses and current can flow through the diode. When a reverse bias is applied, the depletion region expands and blocks current flow. Diodes are used in applications such as rectifiers, reverse current protection, logic gates, and voltage spike suppression.
This document discusses the history and basics of semiconductors and electronic circuits. It covers key topics like the development of early computers using vacuum tubes, the invention of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1948, the first integrated circuits in the late 1950s, and how doping processes are used to dope silicon substrates for semiconductors. The document also provides an overview of basic circuit theory and both passive and active electronic devices.
The document discusses the physics of semiconductors including PN junction diodes and resistors. It covers semiconductor fundamentals like doping and intrinsic nature. It describes how doping materials like phosphorus or boron create N-type or P-type semiconductors. When an N-type and P-type material come into contact, a PN junction is formed with a depletion region and electric field. A PN junction acts as a switch that only allows current in one direction depending on whether it is forward or reverse biased.
This document discusses gas-assisted laser cutting of medium-section metals using spherically aberrated laser beams. It analyzes how spherical aberration affects the laser intensity distribution near the focal point through numerical simulations and experiments. Several optical systems were designed with identical parameters except for the noncorrected spherical aberration to produce different intensity profiles. Trial cuts in mild steel were performed to examine how the aberrated intensity profiles impacted cut quality. The results showed that high quality cuts can be achieved with different intensity distributions, but maintaining precise focal point positioning is more important for beams with greater aberration-induced refocusing.
synthesis of doped chromium oxide nanoparticlesGaurav Yogesh
The document summarizes a research paper on the size-dependent optical properties of zinc-doped chromium oxide (Cr2O3) nanoparticles. It includes an introduction, methods used to prepare and analyze the nanoparticles, results of the analysis showing decreasing band gap and changing refractive index with decreasing particle size, and conclusions about the nanoparticles exhibiting quantum confinement effects and potential applications in solar cells and optoelectronic devices.
11(4) 2020 ITJEMAST Multidisciplinary Research Articlesdrboon
Research papers 2020 Behavioral finance; Personality traits; Behavioral factors; Overconfidence bias; Locus of control; Decision-making; Biased behavior Carbon (CO2) emissions; Economic Growth; Energy consumption; Trade; ARDL Approach; Granger Causality; Energy use Pedestrian start-up time; Street crosswalk, Pedestrian traffic signals; Pedestrians traffic lights; zebra crossings; Intersection crossings Service Attributes; Relationship quality; Relationship outcomes; Banking services; Electronic Customer Relationship Management; Virtual relationships; eBanking; eCRM College town landscape; College town character; Campus community; Urban identity; College town space; Sense of a place; Public Space; University gardens; Cultural identity; Campus identity; Businesses in college towns Emotional quotient; Self-emotional appraisal; Workplace Advice Network (WAN) Centrality; Service Sector Organizations; Sociometric matrix; Interconnectivity of nodes
This document summarizes a dissertation on exploring active and passive mode-locking in fibre ring lasers. It begins with an abstract stating the aim is to optimize pulse shaping in these lasers and directly compare active and passive mode-locking techniques. Section 1 provides background on mode-locking theory and factors that affect pulse formation. Section 2 will discuss active mode-locking using an acousto-optic modulator and optimizing pulse parameters. Section 3 will cover passive mode-locking using saturable absorbers and simulations. Section 4 will modify a passively mode-locked laser to support multi-wavelength generation via four-wave mixing and determine if this enhances performance.
Parametric oscillation of optical phonons in magnetoactive III-V semiconductorsIRJET Journal
1) The document analytically studies parametric oscillation of optical phonons in magnetized doped III-V semiconductors using hydrodynamic modeling of semiconductor plasmas and coupled mode theory of interacting waves.
2) It derives expressions for the threshold pump intensity and conversion efficiency of a proposed single resonant parametric oscillator using this model.
3) Numerical analysis is performed for an n-InSb crystal laser to analyze the effects of transverse magnetic field, mirror reflectivity, crystal length, and other parameters on the threshold pump intensity and conversion efficiency.
Starting with the introduction to the field of microfluidics and
optofluidics, the fundamentals of optofluidics and its advantages are
briefly discussed. An extensive survey of the various research works in
this field is captured under two broad categories namely, i) optofluidic
sources and devices and ii) optofluidic sensors. Recent works on
optofluidic DFBs lasers, microcavity fluidic dye laser integrated with lab-
on-a-chip systems, fluorescent liquid-core/air-cladding waveguides and
microfluidic droplet dye lasers are described. Research on compact
refractometers integrated onto planar microfluidic geometry, refractive
index sensors based in microfluidic Fabry-Perot cavity, interferometric
imaging based optofluidic pressure sensors, sensors based on novel
liquid-core optofluidic ring resonators are briefly reviewed. Touching
upon the concept of whispering gallery modes, many other applications of
optofluidic ring resonators in lasing and sensing are mentioned. Based on the available literature the doctoral research work is proposed
under the following themes:
I. Design and characterization of optofluidic sources for lab-on-a-chip
applications.
II. Design and characterization of various optofluidic resonator
geometries for biomedical sensing applications.
Specific goals are enumerated and the methodology that would be
followed is described in detail. The term “optofluidics” was created in a University Research Center
funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in
2003 to define a developing research field that focuses on combining
microfluidic and optical technology. This jargon became extensively
adopted in the space of 5 years and applied as a categorical descriptor for
a large number of research directions [3]. Optofluidics refers to a class of
optical systems that are synthesized with fluids to leverage specific
advantages of these two disciplines. Fluids having unique properties that
cannot be observed in solid equivalents can be used to design novel
devices.
ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE MATTER CONCENTRATION OF KALABURAGI CITYIRJET Journal
This document analyzes particulate matter concentration in Kalaburagi City, India. Particulate matter concentration and average particle size were measured at five locations in the city between March and July 2023. Concentrations exceeded national air quality standards at two industrial and commercial sites. Particulate matter levels were satisfactory to moderate at other sites. Vehicles and industrial activities were identified as major sources of particulate matter pollution in the city.
Non Invasive Glucose Measurement using Raman SpectroscopyIRJET Journal
This document discusses non-invasive glucose measurement using Raman spectroscopy. It begins with an introduction to diabetes and the need for frequent blood glucose monitoring. Current methods are invasive and painful. The document then reviews various non-invasive optical methods studied previously, including near-infrared spectroscopy, photo-acoustic spectroscopy, and optical coherence tomography, which all have limitations. It focuses on Raman spectroscopy, which resolves limitations of other techniques by using inelastic light scattering to obtain a molecular fingerprint spectrum. The methodology section describes the setup, which uses an 830nm laser as the excitation source and collects inelastically scattered light to identify glucose and other molecules for non-invasive concentration measurements.
Health informatics an international journal (hiij) -- november 2018 issuehiij
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics.
Nano-fiber Diameters as Liquid Concentration SensorsRadhi Chyad
The document discusses using nano-fiber diameters as liquid concentration sensors. Specifically, it examines using nano-fibers to sense the concentration of D-glucose solutions and measure the refractive index. It describes how nano-fibers act as sensors by etching the cladding with HF solution. Experiments were conducted using nano-fibers and light transmission to measure the concentration of sugar solutions. Results showed the peak transmission decreased with increasing sugar concentration, indicating nano-fibers can successfully be used as liquid concentration sensors.
Identification of physical origin behind disorder, heterogeneity, and reconst...Taame Abraha Berhe
Organolead halide perovskites are an impressive and relatively recent class of light-absorbing
materials for solar cells and light-emitting devices. It has been reported that exposure of the
perovskites materials to light has negative impacts on device performance. Also, surface
recombination has been reported as a major obstacle to the total carrier lifetime in perovskite
polycrystalline thin films. Herein, we explored the role played by Nanosecond pulsed UV laserirradiation
on carrier dynamics in perovskites thin films. Steady-state and time-resolved
photoluminescence measurements revealed the interplay of disorder and heterogeneity on
photoexcited carrier dynamics, while in-situ micro Raman and Angle dispersive X-ray diffraction
showed the mechanisms of crystal phase reconstruction. Exposures to laser light leads to rapid
crystal phase reconstruction and hence, unexpectedly, extend PL lifetime by fourfold instead of
promoting degradation. This verifies nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation plays a beneficial role in
improving in optoelectronic material parameters. Our findings reveal that pulsed laser irradiation is a
new approach to the reconstruction of microstructure and offers beneficial effects in the manufacture
of perovskites solar cells. Moreover, this work provides a clear insight towards identifying the
physical origin behind the disorder, heterogeneity, film reconstruction and nano-structuring as well
as their correlation with improved PL lifetime.
Keywords: perovskites, pulsed laser irradiation, reconstruction, disorder, heterogeneity,
photoluminescence
Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Metal Incorporated L-Serine CrystalIRJET Journal
1. L-Serine Potassium Carbonate (LSPC), a metal-incorporated amino acid crystal, was grown using the slow evaporation method.
2. The optical properties of LSPC were studied, including a band gap of 6.33 eV determined from absorption data.
3. LSPC showed good linear optical properties such as low reflectance and refractive index, making it suitable for applications like antireflection coatings. It also exhibited high second harmonic generation efficiency.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
1) The paper presents a probability analysis of slope stability using the Monte Carlo simulation method to account for uncertainty in parameters like pore water pressure, cohesion, and internal angle of friction.
2) The results of the Monte Carlo simulation method are compared to other recognized methods of slope stability analysis like Bishop simplified, Fellenuis, Janbu simplified and corrected, Spencer and Lowe-Karafiath which use limit equilibrium.
3) The probability analysis finds that the failure probability is most affected by the standard deviation of pore water pressure, cohesion, internal angle of friction, and correlation coefficient between parameters, though individual limit equilibrium methods only account for one of these parameters in each analysis.
This document summarizes an abstract from the 9th International Scientific Conference on Applied Sciences and Engineering. The abstract discusses some biochemical markers that can predict pre-eclampsia. It states that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) directly damages vascular endothelial cells and increases endothelial permeability, which may result in secretion of vasoactive substances and increased vascular permeability and coagulation. This involvement of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia means it may identify patients at high risk for the condition and serve as a marker of severity. Preeclamptic women also have abnormal lipid metabolism and profiles due to pre-eclampsia, and this alteration in lipid metabolism may play a key role in developing symptoms.
Parametric oscillation of optical phonons in magnetoactive III-V semiconductorsIRJET Journal
1) The document analytically studies parametric oscillation of optical phonons in magnetized doped III-V semiconductors using hydrodynamic modeling of semiconductor plasmas and coupled mode theory of interacting waves.
2) It derives expressions for the threshold pump intensity and conversion efficiency of a proposed single resonant parametric oscillator using this model.
3) Numerical analysis is performed for an n-InSb crystal laser to analyze the effects of transverse magnetic field, mirror reflectivity, crystal length, and other parameters on the threshold pump intensity and conversion efficiency.
Starting with the introduction to the field of microfluidics and
optofluidics, the fundamentals of optofluidics and its advantages are
briefly discussed. An extensive survey of the various research works in
this field is captured under two broad categories namely, i) optofluidic
sources and devices and ii) optofluidic sensors. Recent works on
optofluidic DFBs lasers, microcavity fluidic dye laser integrated with lab-
on-a-chip systems, fluorescent liquid-core/air-cladding waveguides and
microfluidic droplet dye lasers are described. Research on compact
refractometers integrated onto planar microfluidic geometry, refractive
index sensors based in microfluidic Fabry-Perot cavity, interferometric
imaging based optofluidic pressure sensors, sensors based on novel
liquid-core optofluidic ring resonators are briefly reviewed. Touching
upon the concept of whispering gallery modes, many other applications of
optofluidic ring resonators in lasing and sensing are mentioned. Based on the available literature the doctoral research work is proposed
under the following themes:
I. Design and characterization of optofluidic sources for lab-on-a-chip
applications.
II. Design and characterization of various optofluidic resonator
geometries for biomedical sensing applications.
Specific goals are enumerated and the methodology that would be
followed is described in detail. The term “optofluidics” was created in a University Research Center
funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in
2003 to define a developing research field that focuses on combining
microfluidic and optical technology. This jargon became extensively
adopted in the space of 5 years and applied as a categorical descriptor for
a large number of research directions [3]. Optofluidics refers to a class of
optical systems that are synthesized with fluids to leverage specific
advantages of these two disciplines. Fluids having unique properties that
cannot be observed in solid equivalents can be used to design novel
devices.
ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE MATTER CONCENTRATION OF KALABURAGI CITYIRJET Journal
This document analyzes particulate matter concentration in Kalaburagi City, India. Particulate matter concentration and average particle size were measured at five locations in the city between March and July 2023. Concentrations exceeded national air quality standards at two industrial and commercial sites. Particulate matter levels were satisfactory to moderate at other sites. Vehicles and industrial activities were identified as major sources of particulate matter pollution in the city.
Non Invasive Glucose Measurement using Raman SpectroscopyIRJET Journal
This document discusses non-invasive glucose measurement using Raman spectroscopy. It begins with an introduction to diabetes and the need for frequent blood glucose monitoring. Current methods are invasive and painful. The document then reviews various non-invasive optical methods studied previously, including near-infrared spectroscopy, photo-acoustic spectroscopy, and optical coherence tomography, which all have limitations. It focuses on Raman spectroscopy, which resolves limitations of other techniques by using inelastic light scattering to obtain a molecular fingerprint spectrum. The methodology section describes the setup, which uses an 830nm laser as the excitation source and collects inelastically scattered light to identify glucose and other molecules for non-invasive concentration measurements.
Health informatics an international journal (hiij) -- november 2018 issuehiij
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics.
Nano-fiber Diameters as Liquid Concentration SensorsRadhi Chyad
The document discusses using nano-fiber diameters as liquid concentration sensors. Specifically, it examines using nano-fibers to sense the concentration of D-glucose solutions and measure the refractive index. It describes how nano-fibers act as sensors by etching the cladding with HF solution. Experiments were conducted using nano-fibers and light transmission to measure the concentration of sugar solutions. Results showed the peak transmission decreased with increasing sugar concentration, indicating nano-fibers can successfully be used as liquid concentration sensors.
Identification of physical origin behind disorder, heterogeneity, and reconst...Taame Abraha Berhe
Organolead halide perovskites are an impressive and relatively recent class of light-absorbing
materials for solar cells and light-emitting devices. It has been reported that exposure of the
perovskites materials to light has negative impacts on device performance. Also, surface
recombination has been reported as a major obstacle to the total carrier lifetime in perovskite
polycrystalline thin films. Herein, we explored the role played by Nanosecond pulsed UV laserirradiation
on carrier dynamics in perovskites thin films. Steady-state and time-resolved
photoluminescence measurements revealed the interplay of disorder and heterogeneity on
photoexcited carrier dynamics, while in-situ micro Raman and Angle dispersive X-ray diffraction
showed the mechanisms of crystal phase reconstruction. Exposures to laser light leads to rapid
crystal phase reconstruction and hence, unexpectedly, extend PL lifetime by fourfold instead of
promoting degradation. This verifies nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation plays a beneficial role in
improving in optoelectronic material parameters. Our findings reveal that pulsed laser irradiation is a
new approach to the reconstruction of microstructure and offers beneficial effects in the manufacture
of perovskites solar cells. Moreover, this work provides a clear insight towards identifying the
physical origin behind the disorder, heterogeneity, film reconstruction and nano-structuring as well
as their correlation with improved PL lifetime.
Keywords: perovskites, pulsed laser irradiation, reconstruction, disorder, heterogeneity,
photoluminescence
Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Metal Incorporated L-Serine CrystalIRJET Journal
1. L-Serine Potassium Carbonate (LSPC), a metal-incorporated amino acid crystal, was grown using the slow evaporation method.
2. The optical properties of LSPC were studied, including a band gap of 6.33 eV determined from absorption data.
3. LSPC showed good linear optical properties such as low reflectance and refractive index, making it suitable for applications like antireflection coatings. It also exhibited high second harmonic generation efficiency.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
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1) The paper presents a probability analysis of slope stability using the Monte Carlo simulation method to account for uncertainty in parameters like pore water pressure, cohesion, and internal angle of friction.
2) The results of the Monte Carlo simulation method are compared to other recognized methods of slope stability analysis like Bishop simplified, Fellenuis, Janbu simplified and corrected, Spencer and Lowe-Karafiath which use limit equilibrium.
3) The probability analysis finds that the failure probability is most affected by the standard deviation of pore water pressure, cohesion, internal angle of friction, and correlation coefficient between parameters, though individual limit equilibrium methods only account for one of these parameters in each analysis.
This document summarizes an abstract from the 9th International Scientific Conference on Applied Sciences and Engineering. The abstract discusses some biochemical markers that can predict pre-eclampsia. It states that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) directly damages vascular endothelial cells and increases endothelial permeability, which may result in secretion of vasoactive substances and increased vascular permeability and coagulation. This involvement of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia means it may identify patients at high risk for the condition and serve as a marker of severity. Preeclamptic women also have abnormal lipid metabolism and profiles due to pre-eclampsia, and this alteration in lipid metabolism may play a key role in developing symptoms.
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Numerical Study of Improved Semiconductor Laser Modulation Characteristics of Optical Injection Locking
1. Abstract of Emerging Trends in Scientific Research, 2014, Vol.1
DOI: 10.18488/journal.1002/2014.1/1002.1
1st
International Conference on Emerging Trends in
Scientific Research
15-16 March, 2014
Pearl International Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Conference Website: www.pakrdw.com
39
Paper ID: 183/14/1
st
ICETSR
Numerical Study of Improved Semiconductor Laser
Modulation Characteristics of Optical Injection Locking
S.N Hoseinimotlagh1
1
Pardis Islamic Azdad University of Shiraz, sciences College,physics department Sadra town,Pardis
Abstract
In this paper, the possibility of improved modulation characteristics of injection locking
semiconductor lasers is studied numerically. first, modulation frequency characteristics of
semiconductor lasers are described. The frequency response has been calculated with
including optical injection effect in lasers rate equation. Then, the effect of injection ratio,
frequency detuning, injection coefficient and injection current are evaluated. The results of
calculations show that these factors have an effective role in improved modulation
characteristics of semiconductor lasers.
Keywords: Optical injection locking, Semiconductor lasers, Modulation characteristics.