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Nt financial regulation 2072index

This document contains the Financial Regulations of Nepal Telecom, 2071 (2014). It outlines the procedures and guidelines for procurement, tendering and purchasing activities of Nepal Telecom. Some key points: - It defines procurement related terms and establishes the responsibilities for procurement planning and implementation. - It provides criteria for evaluating eligibility of bidders/contractors and sets technical and financial capacity requirements. - It describes different procurement methods like open tender, price quotation, and direct procurement. - It establishes processes for tender evaluation, approval, contract award and contract management. - It includes provisions for monitoring procurement activities and resolving disputes.

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g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 -g]kfn 6]lnsd_ g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&! -@)&@ a};fv ! ut] b]lv nfu"_
k|sfzs g]kfn 6]lnsd g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 s]Gb|Lo sfof{no eb|sfnL Knfhf, sf7df8f}+, 6]=g+= M $@!)!)^, $@!))@!, $@!))(&, $@!))((, $@!))#) klxnf] ;+:s/0f, @)&@ c;f/
g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&! ljifo ;"lr ljlgod ljifo k[i7 ;+= efu ! k|f/lDes ! ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De 1 @ kl/efiff 1–5 # ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof 5 efu @ vl/b ;DalGw sfo{ljlw kl/R5]b–!M vl/b of]hgf tyf vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L $ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] tof/L ug'{kg]{ 7 % vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ 7-8 ^ jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ 8-9 & vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L 9-10 kl/R5]b–@M of]Uotfsf cfwf/, k|fljlws Ifdtf / k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg * af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf 11 ( dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ 12-13 !) lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ 13-14 !! k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ 14-15 !@ k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ 15 !# ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ 15-16 !$ cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf v'Ng] sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg] 16-17 kl/R5]b–#M vl/b ljlw tyf k|ls|of !% vl/b cfb]zaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ 18 !^ vl/b dfu k|fKt ug'{kg]{ 18 !& ah]6 tyf lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf 18 !* dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;]jfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{kg]{ 18-19 !( nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ / cBfjlws ug{'kg]{ 19-20 @) lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg 20
@! dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg 21 @@ k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg 21 @# cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg 21-22 @$ nfut cg'dfgsf] :jLs[lt 22 @% :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf;+u vl/b ug'{kg]{ 22 @^ vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ 22-23 @& v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg u/L vl/b ug'{kg]{ 23 @* crn ;DklQ k|flKt Pj+ vl/b Joj:yf 23-24 @( dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf 24 #) 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yf 24 #! lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfd u/fpg] Joj:yf 24-25 #@ cGo ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf 25-26 ## k|fljlws ;]jf k|flKt tyf vl/b Joj:yf 26-28 #$ sfof{nosf] nflu 3/ hUuf / pks/0f ef8fdf lng] Joj:yf 28-30 #% ;f]e}m vl/b ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf 30-32 #^ ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug{] ;DaGwL Joj:yf 32 #& cdfgtaf6 sfd ug]{ 32-33 #* ljlgodfjnL cfslif{t gx'g] 33 kl/R5]b–$M k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ljlw tyf k|ls|of #( k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 34 $) v'Nnf ?kdf cfzokq dfu u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{ 34-35 $! k|:tfj dfu ug]{ 36-38 $@ k|:tfj vf]Ng] 38 $# k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"Nof°g 38-39 $$ d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{kg]{ 39 $% cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] 39-40 $^ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg 40 $& k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 41-42 $* k|:tfjbftf;+u jftf{ ug]{ 42-43 $( k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf 43 %) k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug]{ / vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug]{ 43
kl/R5]b–%M l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf %! l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd tof/ ug'{kg]{ 44 %@ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg 44 %# l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fdsf] b:t'/ 45 %$ l;naGbL b/efpkq hdfgt 45 %% l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] 45 %^ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] d"NofÍg tyf :jLs[tL 45-46 kl/R5]b–^M k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL Joj:yf %& k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ 47 %* k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{kg]{ 47-48 %( k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfwf/ :jLs[t u/fpg'kg]{ 48 ^) k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj cfXjfg ug]{ 48-49 ^! k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj d"NofÍg 49 ^@ of]Uo cfj]bssf] 5gf}6 49-50 kl/R5]b–&M af]nkq sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^# af]nkqsf k|lj|mof / r/0f 51 ^$ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{kg]{ 51-56 ^% af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ 56-57 ^^ af]nkq cfXjfg 57-58 ^& cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg 58 ^* b'O{ r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg 58-59 ^( af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ePsf] låljwf af/]sf] hfgsf/L 59 &) af]nkq k]z ug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s 60 &! af]nkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] 60-61 &@ ljb]zLn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ v'nfpg'kg{] s'/fx¿ 61 &# af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg 61-62 &$ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw 62 &% af]nkq hdfgt tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt 62-64
kl/R5]b–*M af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:Yff &^ af]nkqdf sf/jfxL gx'g] 65 && d"Nof°g ;ldlt 65-66 &* af]nkq k/LIf0f 66-67 &( af]nkq d"NofÍg 67-68 *) af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"Nof°g 68-69 *! af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"Nof°g 69 *@ af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"Nof°g 69-70 *# lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkqsf] ljz]if d"NofÍg 70-71 *$ k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'kg]{ 71 kl/R5]b–(M af]nkq :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf *% af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L / lghsf] st{Jo 72 *^ af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{] jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{] 72-73 *& cg'lrt k|efjdf kfg{ / kg{ gx'g] 73 ** af]nkqsf] :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf 73-74 *( vl/b ;Demf}tf / ;f]sf zt{x? 74-75 () ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog 75-76 (! aLdf u/fpg' kg{] 76-77 (@ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg 77-78 (# e]l/P;g cfb]z 78-79 ($ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hg 79-80 (% vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ug{] 80-81 (^ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{k|ult cg'udg ug{] 81 (& k|fljlwssf] lhDd]jf/L 82 (* sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ 82-83 (( vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo / ;f]sf] pkrf/ 83-84 !)) lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{ tyf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] 84-86 !)! ljjfb ;dfwfg ;DaGwL Joj:yf 86-87 kl/R5]b–!)M kf/blz{tf tyf cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)@ sDkgLsf] vl/b sfo{df ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lsf] cfr/0f 88 !)# b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] cfr/0f 89
!)$ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg n]lv k7fpg] 90 !)% ;~rf/sf ljlw 91 !)^ ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 vl/b sf/f]af/ x'g ;Sg] 91 !)& vl/b sf/jfxLsf] clen]v /fVg'kg{] 91-92 kl/R5]b–!!M vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)* vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg 93 !)( vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug'{kg{] 93-94 kl/R5]b–!@M vl/b ;DaGwL clwsf/ !!) nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg] 95 !!! crn ;DklQ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 95 !!@ dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 95 !!# 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] 95-96 !!$ lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] 96 !!% cGo ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 96 !!^ k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 96 !!& 3/, uf]bfd, hUuf tyf pks/0f ef8fdf lng ;Sg] 96 !!* ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 96 !!( cdfgtaf6 sfo{ u/fpg] 97 !@) k/fdz{ ;]jf lng ;Sg] 97 !@! ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ tyf ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{ 97 !@@ e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg] 97 !@# Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] 97-98 !@$ clwsf/ k|of]u, k|Tofof]hg tyf pQ/bfloTj 98 kl/R5]b–!#M vl/b ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf !@% cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf 99-101 !@^ cGo Joj:yf 101
efu # cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw kl/R5]b–!M of]hgf th'{df, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 !@& of]hgf, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 tof/ ug'{kg]{ 103 !@* jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 ;~rfng 103 !@( ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ 103-104 !#) jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|d k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ 104 !#! sDkgLsf] k|fljlws / Jofj;flos Ifdtf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{ 104 kl/R5]b–@M cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw !#@ cfDbfgL tyf w/f}6L /sd a}Í bflvnf ug'{kg]{ 105 !## vftf ;~rfng 105 !#$ sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfx?sf] dxz'n b/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf 105-106 !#% cGt/cfj4tf tyf 6«flkms cfo ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf 106-107 !#^ /fhZj sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf 107 !#& nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf 107-108 !#* vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf 108 !#( ;fgf] gubL sf]if 108 !$) k]ZsL lbg] tyf km5{of}6 ug]{ 108-109 kl/R5]b–#M sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut, ;+/If0f / a/a'emf/y !$! sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f 110 !$@ dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt, lgsf;f, x:tfGt/0f tyf clGtd df}Hbftsf] d"NofÍg 110-111 !$# dfn;fdfgsf] df}Hbftsf] lg/LIf0f / ljj/0f 111-112 !$$ a/a'emf/y ug]{ 112-113 kl/R5]b–$M n]vf, n]vfk/LIf0f / a]?h' km5of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf !$% lx;fa lstfa 114 !$^ sf/f]af/sf] n]vf /fVg] 114-115 !$& cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] 115 !$* n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] 115
!$( cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f u/fpg] 116 !%) sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg] 116 !%! k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg] 116 !%@ n]vf g/fVg], k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f jf cGo k/LIf0f gu/fpg]nfO{ sf/jfxL x'g] 117 !%# a]?h' clen]v tyf km5of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf 117 !%$ a]?h' km5of}{6, d"Nof°g / cg'udg ;ldlt 117-118 !%% n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt 118-119 !%^ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ 119-120 kl/R5]b–%M st{Jo tyf pQ/bfloTj !%& sfof{no k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj 121 !%* n]vf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj 121-122 kl/R5]b–^M ljljw !%( lnnfd ug{] tyf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf 123-125 !^) ldGxf lbg] Joj:yf 125-126 !^! cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL clwsf/ 126 !^@ sldl6 u7g ug]{ tyf ;+of]hs tf]Sg] 126 !^# ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt ug{'kg{] 127 !^$ clu|d cfos/ sl§ gu/]sf]df hjfkmb]xL 127 !^% ;jf/L nua's 127 !^^ dfu kmf/fd 127 !^& cGo cfly{s Joj:yf 127 !^* vf/]hL tyf arfp 127
1 g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&! ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf &$ sf] pkbkmf -@_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L sDkgL P]g @)^# sf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLsf] k|aGwkqsf] bkmf $ sf] v08 -5_ sf] pkv08 -@%_ ;d]tsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 ;~rfns ;ldltn] b]xfosf] ljlgodx? agfPsf] 5 . efu–! k|f/lDes != ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ oL ljlgodx?sf] gfd æg]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&!Æ /x]sf] 5 . -@_ of] ljlgodfjnL ;Dat @)&@ ;fnsf] j}zfv ! ut] b]lv k|f/De x'g]5 . @= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgodfjnLdf,– -s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] sDkgL P]g, @)^# ;Demg' k5{ . -v_ ævl/b P]gÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# ;Demg' k5{ . -u_ æsDkgLÆ eGgfn] P]g cGtu{t ul7t g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, lgb]{zgfno, ljefu / sfof{nonfO{ ;d]t hgfpg]5 . -3_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ . -ª_ æcWoIfÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] cWoIf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{ ;b:o ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -r_ æ;b:oÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] ;b:o ;Demg' k5{ . -5_ æsfof{noÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / ;f] cGtu{t /x]sf 5'§} k|zf;sLo sfo{If]q tf]lsPsf lgb]{zgfno, cfof]hgf, ljefu jf OsfO{x? ;Demg' k5{ . -h_ æn]vf sfof{noÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf lgb]{zgfnoaf6 lgsf;f k|fKt u/L cfo Joo b'j}sf] lx;fa /fvL ;Gt'ng k/LIf0f (Trial Balance) tyf cGo cfly{s ljj/0f ;lxt tfn's sfof{nodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ bfloTj ePsf] sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ . -em_ ætfn's sfof{noÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt sfof{noeGbf dflyNnf] txsf] sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ . -`_ æk|aGw lgb{]zsÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] k|aGw lgb]{zs ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ k|aGw ;~rfns ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
2 -6_ æsfof{no k|d'vÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] sfof{nosf] k|d'v eO{ sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L ;Demg' k5{ . -7_ æljefuLo k|d'vÆ eGgfn] gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs, lgb]{zs tyf bzf}+ tx / ;f] eGbf dflyNnf] txsf sfof{no k|d'v ;Demg' k5{ . -8_ æcfly{s jif{Æ eGgfn] ;fpg ! ut]b]lv csf]{ ;fnsf] c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlw ;Demg' k5{ . -9_ æclwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] of] ljlgodfjnL jf o; cGtu{t hf/L cfb]z / lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;Demg' k5{ . -0f_ æPs tx dflysf] clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] If]qLo lgb]{zgfno cGtu{tsf n]vf sfof{nosf] xsdf ;DalGwt If]qLo lgb]{zgfno k|d'v, lgb]{zgfno cGtu{tsf ljefu jf sfof{nosf] xsdf ;DalGwt lgb]{zgfno k|d'v tyf If]qLo lgb]{zgfno, lgb]{zgfno / ljefusf] xsdf k|aGw lgb]{zs / k|aGw lgb{]zssf] xsdf ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ . -t_ ævl/bÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd s'g} dfn;fdfg, crn ;DklQ, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ jf 9'jfgL tyf lSnol/Ë sfo{ u/fpg] jf s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ . -y_ ævl/b ;Demf}tfÆ eGgfn] sDkgL / cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos aLr o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd ePsf] vl/b tyf k|flKt ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ;Demg' k5{ . -b_ ædfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] rn jf crn h'g;'s} lsl;dsf] j:t' ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] j:t' cfk"lt{ ug]{ sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs -;xfos_ ;]jf tyf ;km6j]o/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -w_ æcrn ;DklQÆ eGgfn] hUuf, 3/, ejg jf o:t} k|sf/sf ;+/rgf ;Demg' k5{ . -g_ ælgdf{0f sfo{Æ eGgfn] s'g} ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f ug]{, k'gM lgdf{0f ug]{, eTsfpg], dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ jf lh0ff{]4f/ ug]{ sfo{;+u ;DalGwt lgdf{0f :yn tof/ ug]{, vGg], 78ofpg], agfpg], pks/0f jf dfn;dfg h8fg ug]{, ;hfpg] cflb h:tf sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] gS;f agfpg], k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f ug]{, e"pku|xLo kmf]6f] lvRg], e"sDkLo k/LIf0f ug]{ h:tf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs -;xfos_ ;]jf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -k_ æk/fdz{ ;]jfÆ eGgfn] s'g} cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;e]{If0f, l8hfOg, 8«O{Ë, ;'k/Lj]If0f, tfnLd, k/LIf0f ug]{ sfd, ;km6j]o/sf] ljsf; jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo af}l4s jf k]zfut ;]jf ;Demg' k5{ .
3 -km_ æk|fljlws ;]jfÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu hl8t k|ljlwdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf cTofjZos x'g] k|fljlws ;]jf sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] /f]ldË 8f6f lSnol/Ë, kmfOgflG;on lSnol/Ë, P;=Pd=P;= xlaË, l;UglnË lnÍ h:tf ;]jf sfo{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -a_ æcGo ;]jfÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L ;fwg, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg ef8fdf lng] tyf dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sfof{no ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos ;]jfx? ;'/Iff, lr¶Lkq cf];f/ k;f/, kmf]6f]skL, rd]gfu[x, sfof{no tyf pks/0f ;/;kmfO{, au}+rf ;Def/, lj1fkg ;]jf, Jofkf/ k|jB{g tyf ahf/ Joj:yfkg ;]jf tyf cGo k|zf;lgs ;]jfx? ;lxt :yfgLo ?kdf k|fKt ul/g] ;]jfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpg]5 . -e_ æk|f]k|fO{6/L dfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] sDkgLdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] d'Vo oGq jf pks/0f jf k|ljlwnfO{ k"0f{ Ifdtfdf ;~rfng ug{ jf ;f]sf] u'0f, kl/df0f tyf ljz]iftfsf] :t/f]GgtL (Upgrade) ug{ jf dd{t ;Def/ ug{sf] lgldQ To:tf] oGq jf pks/0f jf k|ljlw lgdf{tfn] agfPsf] oGq, pks/0f, ;xfos pks/0f, ;km6jo/, xf8{jo/ tyf kf6{k"hf{ ;Demg' k5{ . -d_ æk|f]k|fO{6/L ;]jfÆ eGgfn] sDkgLdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] s'g} oGq, k|ljlw jf k|0ffnLdf To:tf] oGq, k|ljlw jf k|0ffnLsf] cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 lng cfjZos kg]{ ;xfos ;]jf ;Demg' k5{ . -o_ æcdfgtÆ eGgfn] sDkgL cfkm}+n] ug]{ s'g} lgdf{0f, dd{t / h8fg ;DaGwL sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ . -/_ æljz]if kl/l:yltÆ eGgfn] ;'Vvf, cgfj[li6, cltj[li6, e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL h:tf k|fs[lts jf b}jL k|sf]k tyf cfsl:ds jf ck|Toflzt ljz]if sf/0faf6 ;[lht kl/l:ylt ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] o'¢ jf cfGtl/s åGb h:tf kl/l:ylt ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . :ki6Ls/0f M æcfsl:ds jf ck|Toflzt ljz]if sf/0faf6 ;[lht kl/l:yltÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;s]sf] / cfsl:ds ?kdf ;[hgf ePsf] cj:yfsf] sf/0f sDkgLsf] ;]jf cj?4 x'g;Sg] jf ;]jf k|jfxdf uDeL/ c;/ kg{ ;Sg] kl/l:ylt ;Demg' k5{ . -n_ æl;naGbL b/efpkqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ jf dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf pknAw u/fpgsf] nflu O{R5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] l;naGbL vfdleq d"No ;d]t pNn]v u/L k]z u/]sf] ljj/0f ;Demg' k5{ .
4 -j_ æb/efpkqbftfÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg'k5{ . -z_ æaf]nkqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] vl/bsf nflu k|sfzg u/]sf] ;"rgf cg'?k tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf] d"No v'Ng] sfuhft, k|:tfj jf b//]6 ;Demg' k5{ . -if_ æaf]nkqbftfÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ . -;_ æaf]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftÆ eGgfn] af]nkqbftfn] d"No jf k|:tfj jf b//]6 e/L jf tof/ u/L k]z ug{sf nflu af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ ;DaGwLt sfof{non] tof/ u/]sf] lnvt ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg, :k]lzlkms]zg, gS;f, l8hfOg, sfo{If]qut zt{x? (Terms of Reference), sfo{tflnsf, d"NofÍgsf cfwf/x?, kl/df0f ;"rL, ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? / o:t} cGo sfuhft ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -x_ æhdfgtÆ eGgfn] lglZrt zt{sf] clwgdf /xL s'g} sfd 6'ªuf] gnfu];Dd ;'/If0f jfkt /flvPsf] ;'/If0f hdfgt /sd -l/6]G;g dgL jf cg]{i6dgL jf w/f}6L ;d]t_ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af]nkq hdfgt (Bid Bond/ Security) jf sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt (Performance Bond/ Security) jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;'/If0f /fVg' kg]{df ;f] jfkt /flvPsf] /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -If_ æ;+o'Qm pkj|md (Joint Venture)Æ eGgfn] b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L sDkgL jf kmd{x? ldnL ;+o'Qm jf 5'§f5'§} bfloTj ;lxt s'g} sfd ug]{ sfo{nfO{ hgfpg]5 . -q_ æPh]G6Æ eGgfn] s'g} :jb]zL jf ljb]zL JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] Ph]G;L lng] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ . -1_ æsaf]n c+s (Bid Price)Æ eGgfn] s'g} af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf saf]n u/]sf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ . -ss_æd"NoflÍt cÍ (Evaluated Price)Æ eGgfn] s'g} af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgaf6 sfod x'g cfPsf] d"Nosf] s'n cÍ ;Demg' k5{ . -sv_ æd"NofÍg ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ljlgod && adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ . -su_ æ;Demf}tf d"No (Contract Price)Æ eGgfn] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt vl/b d"No ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ul/Psf]df To:tf] cfb]z adf]lhd ePsf] sfd gfk hfFr ubf{ sfod ePsf] d"No / d"No ;dfof]hg
5 ePsf]df To:tf] ;dfof]hgaf6 sfod ePsf] vl/b d"NonfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 . #= ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof M o; ljlgodfjnL / o; ljlgodfjnL cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf cfb]zx?sf] JofVof ;DaGwL s'g} k|Zg p7]df ;ldltn] u/]sf] JofVof sDkgLsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] nflu clGtd x'g]5 .
6 efu–@ vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw
7 kl/R5]b–! vl/b of]hgf tyf vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L $= vl/b sf/jfxLsf] tof/L ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] s'g} vl/b sf/jfxLsf] tof/L ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug]{, -v_ vl/b ;DaGwL ljleGg k|fljlws s'/f ;dfwfg ug{ / cfk"lt{stf{sf] pknAwtf olsg ug{ ahf/df k|rlnt vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] hfgsf/L lng], -u_ cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;dfg k|s[ltsf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ul/Psf] eP To:tf] vl/b k|lqmofsf] cWoog ug]{, -3_ vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{ u/fpg], -ª_ vl/bnfO{ ;'ljwfhgs ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ jf Kofs]hdf ;dfj]z ug{], -r_ vl/bsf] ljj/0f, kl/df0f / If]q olsg ug]{, -5_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] :k]l;lkms]zg, of]hgf, gS;f, l8hfOg nufotsf ljj/0f tof/ ug{], -h_ vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{, -em_ vl/bsf] cfly{s ;|f]t / /sdsf] klxrfg ug]{, -`_ vl/b ljlwsf] 5gf}6 ug]{, / -6_ of]Uotfsf cfwf/ to ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] ug]{ . %= vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLdf bL3{sflng k|efj kg{ ;Sg] of]hgf jf cfof]hgfsf] nflu vl/b ubf{ jf jflif{s kRrL; s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b sfo{ ubf{ vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf (Master Procurement Plan) tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] u'?of]hgfdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 M– -s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/, kl/df0f / df]6fdf]6L cg'dflgt d"No, -v_ vl/b ljlw, -u_ vl/bnfO{ ljleGg r/0fdf ul/g] jf Kofs]h agfOg] eP ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -3_ vl/bsf] nflu k"j{ of]Uotfsf] sf/jfxL ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL s'/f, -ª_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] df]6fdf]6L ;do tflnsf, / -r_ u'?of]hgfdf /fVg'kg]{ egL ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf s'/fx? .
8 -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] u'?of]hgf ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd :jLs[t u'?of]hgf ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] vl/b OsfO{n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{ cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 . ^= jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] jflif{s Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] s'g} vl/b jf k|flKt ug'{ kg]{ ePdf jflif{s sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 tof/ ubf{ jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L vl/b of]hgf tof/ ubf{ ljlgod % adf]lhd vl/bsf] u'? of]hgf ;d]t tof/ ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] u'? of]hgfsf] ;d]t cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] ;do tflnsf, -u_ vl/b ljlw, -3_ vl/bsf] nflu ul/g] ;Demf}tfsf] lsl;d, / -ª_ jflif{s vl/b of]hgfdf /fVg' kg]{ egL ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ;do tflnsfdf b]xfosf] sfd ug]{ ;dofjlw pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ :k]l;lkms]zg, 8«OË, l8hfOg, gS;f nufotsf ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, -v_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj jf af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug{], -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq cfXjfg jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{, -r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[lt ug{], -5_ ;Demf}tf ug]{, -h_ sfo{ cf/De ug{], / -em_ sfo{ k"/f ug{] . -$_ sfof{no k|d'vn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd tof/ u/]sf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgfsf] Ps Ps k|lt cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] cg'dflgt jflif{s sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 ;fy ;+nUg u/L tfn's sfof{no / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
9 -%_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] :jLs[t sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 k|fKt ePkl5 ;f] cg'?k of] ljlgod adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgf kl/dfh{g ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] ;d]t u/L :jLs[tLsf] nflu ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -^_ tfn's sfof{non] vl/b sf/jfxL jflif{s vl/b of]hgf adf]lhd lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;DkGg eP gePsf] cg'udg ug{' kg]{5 . &= vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{ tyf o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ;DaGwL cGo ;a} sfo{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L k|aGw lgb]{zssf] x'g]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ vl/b sfo{ ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] jf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf] sd{rf/Laf6 u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ sDkgLn] b]xfosf] sfd ug{sf] nflu Pp6f vl/b OsfO{sf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ jf ;f]sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]Sg' kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b dfu ;+sng u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{] / vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{, -v_ sDkgLn] tof/ u/]sf] gd"gf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Bidding Document), gd"gf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Pre-qualification Document), gd"gf k|:tfj dfu ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Request for Proposal) / gd"gf vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Contract Document) df cfjZostf cg';f/ x]/k]m/ u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug]{, -u_ vl/b ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{, -3_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ljt/0f ug]{ jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg], -ª_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ug]{ / To;nfO{ ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg], -r_ kg{ cfPsf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] nflu d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ / d"NoflÍt af]nkq :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{, -5_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf lbg], -h_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lng] / To;sf] k/LIf0f u/L ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg], -em_ vl/b u/]sf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg],
10 -`_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] dfu u/]sf] hfgsf/L / sfuhft pknAw u/fpg], -6_ vl/b sf/jfxL;Fu ;DalGwt sfddf ;dGjo ug{], -7_ k|lttkq (Letter of Credit or Documentary Credit), sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt (Performance Bond) tyf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|:tfj hdfgt (Bid Bond) sf] clen]v /fVg], / -8_ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] cGo sfo{ ug]{ . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ubf{ jf u/fpFbf vl/b O{sfO{ jf ;f]sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] OsfO{n] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
11 kl/R5]b–@ of]Uotfsf cfwf/, k|fljlws Ifdtf / k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg *= af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf M -!_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5M– -s_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/ jf vl/bsf] nflu k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] sf/jfxL rnfOPsf]df k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/, / -v_ k|:tfjbftfn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/ . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf of]Uotfsf cfwf/ pNn]v ubf{ k]zfut / k|fljlws of]Uotf, pks/0fsf] pknAwtf, ljutsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg, laqmL kl5sf] ;]jfsf] Joj:yf, hu]8f kf6{k"hf{sf] pknAwtf, sfg"gL ;Ifdtf, ljQLo ;|f]t / cj:yf, k]zfut s;"/ u/] jfktsf] ;hfo / o:t} cGo cfwf/x? pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd cfwf/ pNn]v ubf{ s'g} vf; ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] dfq efu lng kfpg] jf s'g} vf; ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] efu lng gkfpg] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -$_ af]nkq, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, k/fdz{ ;]jf / k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ubf{ qmdzM af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft / k|:tfj dfu ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd dfq d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf cfwf/x? s'g} e]befj lagf ;a} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;dfg ?kn] nfu" x'g] 5g . -%_ o; ljlgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;f7L nfv ?k}ofFeGbf sd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{df s'g} of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ul/g] 5}g . -^_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] k]z u/]sf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL ljj/0f tYout ?kdf e'm¶f jf ;f/e't ?kdf ck'/f] ePsf] kfOPdf sDkgLn] s'g} klg ;dodf To:tf] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ cof]Uo 7x/fpg ;Sg]5 . t/ ;fgfltgf q'6L ePsf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L dfu u/L ;Rofpg ;lsg]5 . :ki6Ls/0f M o; pkljlgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fgfltgf q'6LÆ eGgfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt ljj/0f;Fu tflTjs ?kdf leGg gx'g] eflifs cz'l4 h:tf q'6L ;Demg' k5{ .
12 (= dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ;DaGwL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] af]nkqbftfsf] jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ sDkgLn] b]xfosf s'/fx? dWo] cfjZostfg';f/ s'g} jf ;a} s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|fljlws Ifdtf, -v_ dfn;fdfg pTkfbg ;DaGwL clen]v (Manufacturing Record), -u_ dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f (Technical Specification), -3_ cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf, -ª_ dfn;fdfg h8fg ug{'kg]{ ePdf h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] k|fljlwssf] bIftf, -r_ cfk"lt{ x'g] dfn;fdfg vf; cjlw;Dd ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] k|Tofe"lt, -5_ dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/sf] Joj:yf, -h_ ;]jf / hu]8f kf6{k"hf{sf] pknAwtf, -em_ h8fg ;d]t ug'{kg]{ u/L dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ cfk"lt{stf{sf] xsdf lghsf] ;Lk, lgk"0f{tf, cg'ej / ljZj;lgotf, -`_ sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/fx? . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf / k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] dfn;fdfgsf] k|s[lt, kl/df0f, dxTj jf k|of]u cg';f/ b]xfosf dWo] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfn] ljut sDtLdf tLg jif{sf] cjlwdf cGo ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ cfk"lt{ u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] k|sl[t, kl/df0f, ;Demf}tf /sd, ldlt / To:tf] ;+:yfsf] gfd tyf 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg hl6n jf c;fwf/0f k|s[ltsf] ePdf sDkgL cfk}+mn] jf sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 af]nkqbftf ;+:yflkt ePsf] b]zsf] cflwsfl/s lgsfon] lghsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf hfFr u/]sf] sfuhft, -u_ cflwsfl/s u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ;+:yf jf dfGotf k|fKt lgsfon] vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] lg/LIf0f u/L To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] :k]l;lkms]zg / u'0f:t/ ;DaGwdf lbPsf] k|df0fkq, -3_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] cflwsfl/stf k|dfl0ft ug{ cfjZos kg]{ gd"gf, k'/s ljj/0f jf kmf]6f]x?, -ª_ ;a–sG6«fS6/af6 u/fpg rfx]sf] sfdsf] cg'kft . -#_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftf cfkmF}n] gagfpg] jf pTkfbg gug]{ ePdf To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbsn] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] nflu k|:tfj k]z ug]{, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ / h8fg ug]{ ;DaGwL clwsf/ cfkm"nfO{ /Ltk"j{s k|bfg u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft af]nkqbftf jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
13 -$_ g]kfnleq Jofkf/ Joj;fo ;~rfng gePsf] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] lghn] vl/b ;emf}tf k|fKt u/]df To:tf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd cfk"lt{ ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{, laqmL kZrftsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ tyf cfjZos hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ df}Hbft /fvL cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg] lghsf] Ph]G6 jf clws[t ljs|]tf g]kfndf /xg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !)= lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ sDkgLn] ;f7L nfv ?k}ofFeGbf dflysf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DaGwL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f dWo] cfjZostfg';f/ s'g} jf ;a} s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ d'Vo ;Demf}tfstf{ (Prime Contractor) eO{ Psnf}6L ?kdf sfd u/]sf] jf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf u/L sfd u/]sf] jf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf ;a–sG6«fS6/sf] ?kdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej, -v_ Psnf}6L ?kdf sfd ;DkGg u/]sf] jf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] x}l;otn] sfd u/]sf] ;d]t u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;Ldf jf ;f]eGbf a9L /sdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] Go"gtd ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/, t/, /fli6«o:t/df v'nf af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf] cj:yfdf ljut bz jif{sf] sf/f]af/ dWo]sf] s'g} tLg jif{sf] clwstd ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/nfO{ cfwf/ lnOg]5 . -u_ k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tf;+u d]n vfg] k|s[lt, hl6ntf / lgdf{0f k|ljlwsf vl/b ;Demf}tf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;+Vofdf ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg u/]sf] ljz]if cg'ej, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ug{sf] nflu cfjZos /sd e'QmfgL gkfpg] jf kfpg l9nfO{ x'g] cj:yfdf k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] jf ;~rfng ug{ k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] cGo lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ gub k|jfxsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] t/n ;DklQ, shf{ ;'ljwf / cGo ljQLo ;|f]t -s'g} vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] k]ZsL /sd afx]s_ pknAw ePsf] jf To:tf] ;DklQsf] ;|f]tdf kx'Fr ePsf] cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf, -ª_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf bIf hgzlQm,
14 -r_ af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] cfkmg} :jfldTjdf /x]sf] jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlwe/ lgjf{w ?kdf pkof]u ug{;Sg] u/L ef8f, lnh, ;Demf}tf jf cGo Joj;flos dfWodaf6 pknAw x'g] rfn' xfntsf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf d'Vo pks/0f . -@_ /fli6«o lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] xsdf pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] /sd u0fgf ubf{ d"No clej[l4 s/ jfktsf] /sd s6fO{ x'g cfpg] /sd dfq u0fgf ul/g]5 / To:tf] /sdnfO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}Ísf] cBfjlws d"No ;"rsfÍ cg';f/ ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 . -#_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfaf6 lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ ljut bz jif{sf] cjlwdf lghn] ;DkGg u/]sf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] d"No, ldlt / sfo{ :ynsf] ljj/0f, -v_ lghn] ;a–sG6«fS6/ dfk{mt u/fpg rfx]sf] k|:tfljt sfdsf] cg'kft / of]Uotfsf] cfwf/, -u_ k|:tfljt sfd ;DkGg ug{sf nflu lgh;Fu ePsf k|fljlws pks/0f / KnfG6sf] ljj/0f . !!= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ M -!_ sDkgLn] k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftf JolQm eP lghsf] / kmd{ jf ;+:yf eP cfjZos ;+:yfut sfo{ cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfjbftfsf] d'Vo d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZos z}lIfs of]Uotf / p:t} k|s[ltsf] sfo{sf] cfjZos cg'ej, -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf, sfo{ljlw, sfo{If]qut zt{ k|ltsf] k|efju|flxtf (Responsiveness to Terms of Reference), k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f / ;do tflnsf, -3_ k|:tfjbftfsf] Joj:yfkg Ifdtf, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s Ifdtf, -r_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/af6 k|:tfj dfu ul/Psf] ePdf :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutf, / -5_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cGo s'/f . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
15 -s_ ljut bz jif{sf] cjlwdf k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jf;Fu ldNg] k|s[ltsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs jf lghL ;+:yf, /sd / ldlt v'Ng] ljj/0f, -v_ k|:tfljt sfd ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -u_ lghsf] ljut tLg jif{sf Joj:yfksLo sd{rf/L / ;/b/ jflif{s hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f, / -3_ ;a–sG6«fS6/ dfk{mt k|bfg ug{ rfx]sf] k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] c+z / of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ . !@= k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ M -!_ sDkgLn] k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] sfo{ cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfjbftfsf] u|fxs cfwf/ jf g]6js{, -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf, sfo{ljlw, sfo{If]qut zt{ k|ltsf] k|efju|flxtf, sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;do tflnsf, -3_ k|:tfjbftfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s Ifdtf, -r_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cGo s'/f . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ k|:tfljt k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ ljut sDtLdf tLg jif{sf] cjlwdf k|:tfljt ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f, -v_ k|:tfljt sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf d'Vo sd{rf/L tyf pks/0fx?sf] ljj/0f, -u_ ljut tLg jif{sf Joj:yfksLo sd{rf/L / ;/b/ jflif{s hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f . !#= ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ s'g} vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?n] Ps ;+o'Qm pkj|md agfO{ af]nkq k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g . t/, Ps af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf JolQmut dWo] s'g} Pp6f dfq af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+o'Qm pkj|mddf /xg] ;fem]bf/sf] Go"gtd lx:;f / d'Vo ;fe]mbf/ tyf cGo ;fe]mbf/sf] Go"gtd of]Uotf af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
16 -#_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ubf{ To:tf] pkj|mddf /xg] ;fem]bf/sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ lghsf] ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/, -v_ lghsf] ljz]if cg'ej / lghn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] k|d'v sfo{, -u_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ lgh;Fu ePsf] gub k|jfx, -3_ lghsf] hgzlQm ;DaGwL Ifdtf, -ª_ lghsf] cf}hf/ jf pks/0f ;DaGwL Ifdtf . -$_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkj|mdn] af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt Go"gtd of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? k"/f u/] gu/]sf] olsg ug{sf] nflu To:tf] pkj|mdsf] ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] of]Uotf u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ sDkgLn] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] JolQmut of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt sfddf lghsf] cg'ej, -v_ cGo ;Demf}tf adf]lhd lghn] ul//x]sf] jf ug]{ sfd ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;|f]tsf] kof{Kttf, -u_ ljQLo ;Ifdtf, -3_ ljutsf lgh ;+nUg /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs vl/b ;DaGwL d'2f dfldnf / ;f]sf] glthf . -^_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkj|md vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePdf sDkgLn] To:tf] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdnfO{ ;f] pkj|mddf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf ;fem]bf/sf] JolQmut / ;f] pkj|mdsf] ;femf bfloTj ;d]t /xg] u/L cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 . -&_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkj|mdn] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ubf{ af]nkq jf k|:tfj hdfgt ;d]t k]z ug{' kg]{ ePdf To:tf] hdfgt pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf ;j} ;fem]bf/sf] gfddf / ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] bfloTj x'g] u/L] hf/L ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{5 . -*_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL cGo zt{ af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . !$= cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf v'Ng] sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfsf] cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf dWo] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ lghsf] a}Í :6]6d]06, -v_ lghsf] Joj;fo ;DaGwL sf/f]af/sf] cfly{s ljj/0f, -u_ lghsf] ;DklQ, bfloTj tyf gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] ljj/0f v'Ng] ljQLo ljj/0f, -3_ lghsf] cfly{s / ljQLo x}l;ot v'Ng] cGo s'/f,
17 -ª_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cGo ljj/0f . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] ljQLo ljj/0f dfu ubf{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ ljut b'O{b]lv kfFr cfly{s jif{sf] ljQLo ljj/0f dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .
18 kl/R5]b–# vl/b ljlw tyf k|lj|mof !%= vl/b cfb]zaf6 dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] bz xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt vl/b cfb]zn] dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 . !^= vl/b dfu k|fKt ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ cl3 sDkgLsf] vl/b PsfO{n] lgb]{zgfno, ljefu jf zfvfAff6 vl/b dfu k|fKt u/L ;f] dfu clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b dfudf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] k|sf/ / kl/df0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ dfn;fdfg cfjZos kg]{ ;do, -u_ vl/bsf] cg'dflgt d"No . !&= ah]6 tyf lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf M -!_ vl/bsf] nflu cfjZos ah]6 Joj:yf geO{ vl/b sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ xF'b}g . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ah]6sf] Joj:yf geP klg vl/b sf/jfxL z'? ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ ax'jif{L{o ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf klxnf] jif{sf] nflu cfjZos ah]6 Joj:yf ePkl5 cGo jif{sf] nflu vl/b sf/jfxL ug{, -v_ vl/b ;DaGwL] k|f/lDes tof/L ug'{ cTofjZos eO{ l;naGbL b/efpkq jf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{, k"j{of]Uotfsf] b/vf:t cfXjfg ug]{, k/fdz{bftfsf] ;"rL tof/ ug{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{], k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|:tfj dfu ug{] jf l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd, af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft pknAw u/fpg] h:tf sfo{ ug{ . -#_ lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf tyf ejg lgdf{0f Ohfht kq geP;Dd lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ug'{ x'Fb}g . !*= dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;]jfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{ cl3 To; ;DaGwL :k]lzlkms]zg, of]hgf, gS;f, l8hfOg, cfjZostf, nfut cg'dfg jf cGo ljj/0fx? tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
19 -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ To:tf dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jfsf] ;Da4 j:t'ut k|fljlws tyf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftf / sfdsf] cfwf/df tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jfsf] ljz]iftfx? :ki6 ?kdf a'lemg] u/L pNn]v ug]{ csf]{ s'g} pkfo gePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd, k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . t/, To;/L pNn]v gu/L gx'g] cj:yfdf s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd, k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v u/L æ;f] ;/xÆ eGg] zAbx? pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . -$_ l;naGbL b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws jf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftfx?sf] ljj/0f / 6]li6Ë, dfls{Ë, Kofs]lhË, n]alnË jf k'i6Ls/0fsf] k|df0fkq (Conformity Certificate) ;DaGwL cfwf/ jf ;+s]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v ubf{ To:tf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] sfd;Fu c;Da4 x'g], of]Uo b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftfnfO{ vl/b k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g s'g} lsl;dn] afwf k'¥ofpg] jf cf}lrTo lagf k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;Lldt ug]{ u/L ljj/0f, cfwf/, ;+s]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vn] ;f] ljifodf 1fg ePsf bIf hgzlQmx?sf] Ps ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DalGwt sfof{nodf To:tf hgzlQm geP tfn's sfof{non] To:tf] ;ldlt u7g u/L lbg' kg]{5 . !(= nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ / cBfjlws ug{' kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g} klg vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ 5}g . -@_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd Pp6} vl/b ;Demf}tfaf6 x'g ;Sg] jf sfd lkR5] 5'§} vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ jf gkg]{, -u_ vl/bsf] cGo s'g} ljsNk eP To:tf] ljsNk, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu nfUg ;Sg] clwstd /sd tyf ;do, -ª_ g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 lgwf{l/t d"No j[l4 ;"rsfÍ, -r_ ljlgdo b/ kl/jt{gsf] k|efj, -5_ k|rlnt s/ tyf z'Ns . -#_ sDkgLn] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ af]nkq jf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt nufot df]ljnfO{h]zg / l8df]ljnfO{h]zg vr{, aLdf, k/fdz{bftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{
20 ;'ljwf jfktsf sfo{x?, u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f, Joj;fohGo :jf:Yo / ;'/Iff, Ph ljN6 gS;f ;d]tsf] 5'§} ljj/0f agfO{ nfut cg'dfgdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ul/;s]kl5 ah]6 Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cfjZostfg';f/ hDdf nfut cg'dfgdf d"No ;dfof]hg slG6Gh]lG; /sd, lkmlhsn slG6Gh]lG; /sd / d"No clej[lå s/ /sd ;d]t yk u/L nfut cg'dfg sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ePkl5 ;f] tof/ ug]{ k|fljlwseGbf Ps tx dflysf] k|fljlws -sDtLdf clws[t :t/_ jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d"xaf6 To;nfO{ hfFRg nufpg' kg]{5 . hfFr ug]{ clwsf/L gePsf] v08df :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Ln] g} hfFr u/L :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 . -^_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd s'g} vl/b sfo{sf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfgdf To:tf] vl/b sfo{ x'g g;s]df sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnLsf] k|lj|mof ckgfO{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{df o:tf] nfut cg'dfg cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 . @)= lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( sf] cwLgdf /xL lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ sDkgLsf] lgdf{0f ;DaGwL k|fljlwsaf6 cfjZos gD;{ tof/ ug{ nufO{ To:tf] gD;{ k|aGw lgb]{zsaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ dfn;fdfg :ynut ?kdf pknAw x'g] jf gx'g] cWoog u/L lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw ls6fg ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lx?sf] b/efp, d]lzg tyf pks/0fsf] ef8f jf sfdbf/sf] Hofnf lgwf{/0f ubf{ lhNnf b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] b//]6sf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] b//]6 pknAw gePsf]df lgdf{0f:yn glhs}sf] ;DalGwt ;/sf/L sfof{no jf ;/sf/L :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yfg, k|flws/0f, lgud jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf] b/efp jf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] lbPsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnfsf cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnf ;d]t pknAw x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] b//]6 lgwf{/0f ubf{ sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]lslbPsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnfsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg{]5 . @!= dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( / ;DalGwt dfn;fdfgsf] :k]l;lkms]zgsf] cwLgdf /xL dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–
21 -s_ rfn' jf cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs nfut, -v_ :yfgLo ahf/df k|rlnt b/efp, -u_ cGo ahf/sf] k|rlnt b/efp / dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ :yfg;Dd nfUg] cg'dflgt 9'jfgL vr{, -3_ g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 lgwf{l/t d"No j[l4 ;"rsfÍ . @@= k|fljlws ;]jf tyf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( sf] cwLgdf /xL k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg ;DaGwL gD;{ tof/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] gD;{, -v_ ;DalGwt k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] sfo{ If]qut zt{, -u_ rfn' jf cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs nfut, t/, To:tf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ cl3Nnf jif{x?sf] b/df d"No ;dfof]hg u/L tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -3_ k|rlnt /fli6«o jf cGt/f{li6«o b/efp . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf vr{x? ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ d'Vo hgzlQm Pj+ cGo hgzlQmsf] kfl/>lds, -v_ e|d0f vr{, hgzlQmsf] a;f]af; vr{, sfof{no vr{, cfjZos dfn;fdfg pks/0f / ;]jf vr{, k|ltj]bg / cGo sfuhftsf] cg'jfb, 5kfO{ vr{, -u_ k/fdz{bftfn] tflnd, uf]i7L jf e|d0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ eP To:tf] sfdsf] nflu nfUg] vr{ nufotsf] cGo vr{ . @#= cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( sf] cwLgdf /xL cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ ef8fdf lng' kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg/L cf}hf/, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ef8fdf lng kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg/L cf}hf/, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f, :k]l;lkms]zg, cj:yf / cfo', -v_ k|rlnt ahf/ b/, -u_ ef8fdf lng] cjlw, -3_ O{Gwgsf] d"No tyf vkt, -ª_ cGo pko'Qm s'/fx? .
22 -#_ 9'jfgLsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ :yn dfu{af6 9'jfgL ul/g]df ;DalGwt sfof{non] lhNnf b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] b//]6sf] cfwf/df / To:tf] ljefuLo b//]6 gePsf] cj:yfdf k|rlnt ahf/ b//]6sf] cfwf/df nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg{]5 . xjfO{ dfu{af6 9'jfgL ubf{ k|rlnt ahf/ b//]6sf] cfwf/df nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ ;]jf s/f/, dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ jf cGo cfjZos ;]jf ;DaGwL nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ k|rlnt ahf/ b/ / ;f] ;DaGwL gD;{ eP ;f] cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . @$= nfut cg'dfgsf] :jLs[lt M -!_ ljlgodx? @), @! / @# adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfg ljlgod !!) sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd :jLs[t x'g' kg]{5 . -@_ ljlgod @@ adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] nfut cg'dfg ljlgod !!) sf] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd :jLs[t x'g' kg]{5 . @%= :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf;+u vl/b ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g} vl/b ubf{ cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{noaf6 :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt gu/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 ;d]t vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf sd /sdsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ubf{, -v_ d"No clej[l¢ s/ gnfUg] dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ubf{, -u_ 3/ tyf hUuf ef8fdf lng' kbf{, -3_ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d'bfoaf6 vl/b ubf{, -ª_ ljb]zL cfk"lt{stf{af6 dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ubf{ . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] b'u{d If]q egL tf]s]sf] lhNnfdf s'g} klg kmd{ jf ljs|]tfn] ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{noaf6 d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq lnPsf] /x]g5 eg] ;f] lhNnfsf] nflu sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tof/ kf/]sf] lhNnfdf pknAw cfk"lt{stf{sf] ;"rLdf /x]sf cfk"lt{stf{af6 bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . @^= vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] vl/b ubf{ o; ljlgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfosf] s'g} Ps ljlw ckgfO{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 M–
23 -!_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{kbf{ M -s_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/df v'Nnf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L, -v_ /fli6«o :t/df v'Nnf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg u/L, -3_ ;f]em} vl/b u/L, -ª_ cdfgtaf6 . -@_ k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ M -s_ k|lt:kwf{Tds k|:tfj dfu u/L, -v_ ;f]em} jftf{af6 . @&= v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|:tfj cfXjfg u/L vl/b ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s sDkgLn] s'g} klg vl/b ug'{ kbf{ :jLs[t ah]6nfO{ ljrf/ u/L sfo{qmd agfO{ v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|lt:kwf{Tds k|:tfj cfXjfg u/L vl/b ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 / of]Uo af]nkqbftf jf l;naGbL b/efpkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ To:tf] vl/b k|ls|ofdf ;xefuL x'g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ vl/b ubf{ k|lt:kwf{ ;Lldt x'g] u/L 6'qmf 6'qmf kf/L vl/b ug'{ xF'b}g . @*= crn ;DklQ k|flKt Pj+ vl/b Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLsf] ljsf; sfo{ tyf sfof{no k|of]usf nflu pko'Qm x'g] crn ;DklQ lgMz'Ns k|fKt x'g] ePdf ;f] crn ;DklQ sDkgLsf gfpFdf /lhi6]«zg kf; u/fO{ lnOg]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] cfjZos kg]{ crn ;DklQ b]xfo adf]lhd vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ crn ;DklQ vl/b ubf{ vl/b ug{ rfx]sf] :yfg tyf cf;kf;sf] If]q, oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joxf]/f / cGo k|fljlws ljj/0f v'nfO{ crn ;DklQ wgLx?af6 sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ af]nkq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ cg';f/ af]nkq ;"rgf adf]lhd af]nkq bflvnf ug{] crn ;DklQ wgLn] ;"rgfdf pNn]v ul/Psf ljj/0fsf ;fy} cfkmgf] crn ;DklQsf] :jfldTj ;DaGwL k|dfl0ft sfuhftx? klg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf af]nkqx?df plNnlvt crn ;DklQsf] k|fljlws / :ynut ?kdf ;d]t lg/LIf0f ug{ ;DalGwt k|fljlws ;lxtsf] Ps d"NofÍg ;ldlt /xg]5 . ;f] d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pko'Qm elg l;kmfl/; u/]sf] crn ;DklQ sDkgLn] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 . -3_ s'g} If]qdf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf lj:tf/sf] nflu k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fn] Pp6f dfq hUuf tyf crn ;DklQ pko'Qm b]lvPdf k|rlnt
24 hUuf k|flKt P]g adf]lhd pQm hUuf tyf crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cg'/f]w u/L ;DalGwt k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf /x]sf] d'cfAhf lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . @(= dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf M dfn;dfg vl/b ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m jftf{af6 . t/, k|aGw lgb]{zsn] g]kfnleq}af6 ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf Ps k6sdf bz nfv ?k}ofF;Dd tyf ljb]zaf6 ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf Ps k6sdf kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m jftf{af6 vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f] /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] xsdf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd l;naGbL b/efpkqaf6 . -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] ePdf af]nkqaf6 . #)= 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yf M dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL u/fpFbf b]xfo adf]lhd /Lt k'¥ofpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ :yndfu{af6 k'm6s/ 9'jfgL u/fpFbf Ps k6sdf tLg nfv ?k}ofF;Dd / xjfO{dfu{af6 k'm6s/ 9'jfgL u/fpFbf Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m vl/baf6 . t/, Ps k6sdf :yndfu{af6 kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd / xjfO{dfu{af6 aL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd 9'jfgL u/fpFbf k|aGw lgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ ;f]e}m vl/baf6 9'jfgL sfo{ u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{sf] nflu l;naGbL b/efpkqaf6 . -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] 9'jfgL u/fpFbf af]nkqaf6 . #!= lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yf M -!_ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg cg';f/ lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t jf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpFbf b]xfo adf]lhd u/fpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ u/fpg' kbf{ ;f]e}m vl/baf6 . t/, jfo/n]; k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t ;]jfsf] la=l6=P;=, 6fj/ jf le– :of6 tyf l/lk6/ :6]zg h8fgsf] nflu lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ k|aGw
25 lgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ ;f]e}m vl/baf6 ug{ ;lsg]5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ u/fpFbf l;naGbL b/efpkq lnO{ ;f]sf] cfwf/af6 . -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9Lsf] sfo{ u/fpFbf af]nkqaf6 . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd b/efpkq jf af]nkqåf/f lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ jf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpFbf lgdf{0f Joj;fo P]g, @)%% cGtu{t btf{ eO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ohfht k|fKt u/]sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?af6 u/fpg' kg]{5 . t/, lgdf{0f Joj;foL pknAw x'g g;s]sf b'u{d If]qsf] lglDt ;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ;f] aGb]h x6fpg ;lsg] 5 . k|To]s jif{ ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd :jLs[t ubf{ s'g s'g b'u{d lhNnfdf To:tf] aGb]h nfu' gx'g] xf] ;f] sf] Joxf]/f ;d]t ;ldltn] :jLs[t ug{' kg{]{5 . #@= cGo ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo ;]jfx? vl/b ug'{ k/]df To:tf] ;]jfsf] cfjZostf, lsl;d, ;dofjlw, u'0f:t/, ;]jf ;~rfng ljlw, nfUg] df]6fdf]6L vr{ / sfo{ If]qut zt{ tof/ u/L ;DalGwt clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ b]xfo adf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m vl/baf6, t/, Joj;fo k|j4{g sfo{sf] nflu bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf ;f]e}m vl/b ug'{ k/]df k|aGw lgb]{zssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug{ ;lsg]5 / ;f] /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] xsdf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd l;naGbL b/efpkqaf6, -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] ePdf af]nkqaf6 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf ubf{ ef8fdf lng] ;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] ljj/0f u'0f:t/, d"No, ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw, xhf{gf / Ifltk"lt{, ;Demf}tfsf] gjLs/0fsf] cj:yf tyf ;Demf}tf vf/]h x'g] cj:yf, e'QmfgLsf] zt{ tyf cGo cfjZos zt{x? :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5 / o;/L k|:tfj cfXjfg ubf{ d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ tyf cÍef/ ;d]t :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -$_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/L ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .
26 t/, k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L cfXjfg ePsf] b/efpkq jf af]nkqsf] xsdf cfly{s tyf k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg u/L v"b k|fKtfÍ hf]8L ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg ubf{ ;a}eGbf a9L cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftfnfO{ 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ :jLs[t k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf ;]jf ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL k|:tfjbftf;Fu ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -^_ sfof{no k|d'vn] vKg] dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg' kbf{ bIf sd{rf/L jf ;DalGwt ljz]if1af6 / ;f] gePdf ;DalGwt sfd ug]{ JolQm, kmd{ jf ;+:yfaf6 nfut cg'dfg u/fO{ dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLsf] cfkmgf] js{zkdf dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg] ;'ljwf ePsf]df :k]o/ kf6{; vl/b u/L bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . sDkgLdf ;f] ;'ljwf geO{ cGoqaf6 dd{t u/fpg' kbf{ cfjZos :k]o/ kf6{; ;DalGwt k|fljlwsaf6 abnL ul/Psf] k|dfl0ft u/fO{ vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 / dd{t ubf{ abnL ul/Psf ;fdfgx? 5'§} vftfdf nut /fvL e08f/ bflvnf ug'{kg]{5 . -*_ sDkgLdf k|of]u ePsf pks/0fx? ljlgod #% adf]lhdsf] k|f]k|fO{6/L k|s[ltsf] e} ;DalGwt lgdf{tfsf]df g} dd{tsf] nflu k7fpg' kg]{ cj:yf k/]df To:tf] pks/0f vl/b ubf{sf cj:yfdf s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] eP ;f]xL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd / ;Demf}tf gePsf]df b/efp jf jftf{åf/f pks/0fx? dd{t u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . ##= k|fljlws ;]jf k|flKt tyf vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLnfO{ cfjZos k|fljlws ;]jf lng'k/]df ;DalGwt ;]jf k|bfos kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 k|:tfj dfu u/L lng ;lsg] 5 . -@_ k|fljlws ;]jf k|:tfj dfu ug'{ cl3 sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/fx?sf] cnfjf b]xfosf s'/fx? ;dfj]z u/L ;f] ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b ul/g] ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ cjlw, :yfg, ;]jfsf] sfo{If]qut zt{, ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ sfo{ tyf ck]lIft kl/0ffd / k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf, -v_ k|:tfj tof/ ug{ k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ lgb]{zg, -u_ k|:tfj d"NofÍg / t'ngf ug]{ cfwf/, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? -6D;{ ckm /]km/]G;_, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfn] sfo{If]qut zt{df l6Kk0fL ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg] . -#_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/x? pNn]v ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'g} jf ;a} cfwf/x? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf tyf ug'{ kg]{ sfd ;DaGwL cg'ej, -v_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ k|:tfljt tl/sf,
27 -u_ k|:tfljt d'Vo hgzlQm jf pks/0fsf] of]Uotf . -$_ k|:tfj dfu ubf{ sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt sfo{sf] ;fdfGo ljj/0f, -u_ k|:tfjbftfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{ sfuhft, -3_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] :yfg, sDkgL;Fu ;Dks{ ug]{ 7]ufgf / ;Dks{ JolQm . -%_ k|:tfj vf]Ng' cl3 Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] k|:tfjsf] vfd / /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf k|:tfj gvf]nL ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L lkmtf{ ul/Psf] s'/f, ldlt / ;do vl/b sf/jfxLsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . k|:tfj vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]Ng' kg]{5 . o;/L k|:tfj vf]Nbf d'r'Nsf tof/ u/L ;f] d'r'Nsfdf pkl:yt k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{5 . t/, k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt geP klg k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] k|:tfj sDkgLn] oyfzL3| d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . -&_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ adf]lhd k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg u/L b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t pNn]v u/L d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ k|:tfjbftf k|:tfj k]z ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] k'i6ofO{+ ug]{ sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -3_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k k|:tfj k"0f{ eP jf gePsf], -ª_ k|To]s k|:tfjsf] ;fk]lIfs ;jntf, b'j{ntf / d"NofÍg kl/0ffd . -*_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf]df afx]s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;f] k|:tfjdf d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;]jfk|bfosnfO{ nfUg] s/ ;d]t lghsf] ;]jf z'Nsdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] dflgg]5 . -(_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfjdf e]l6Psf] cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L q'6L ;RofpFbf OsfO{ b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf OsfO{ b/ dfGo x'g]5 / To:tf] OsfO{ b/ adf]lhd s'n /sd ;RofO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
28 -!)_ k|:tfjbftfn] d"Nodf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj u/]sf] s'/f k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To;/L 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] /sd ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . -!!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL k|:tfjbftf dWo] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -!@_ :jLs[tLsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;Fu sfo{ If]qut zt{, k|ult k|ltj]bg, sDkgLn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'/fx?sf ljifodf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L jftf{ ubf{ sDkgL / k|:tfjbftf b'j}nfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] ;xdlt xfl;n x'g g;s]df sDkgLn] To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;Fu qmd};Fu jftf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . -!#_ pkljlgod -!@_ adf]lhd ePsf] jftf{df ;xdltdf k'u]sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L cGo k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg]{5 . -!$_ pkljlgod -!#_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq s'g} k|:tfjbftfn] ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg gu/]df 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ ;"rgf k|fKt ePsf] kGw|lbgleq ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -!%_ :jLs[t ePsf] k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf pkljlgod -!$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;Demf}tf ug{ cfPdf lgh;Fu ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, To:tf] k|:tfjbftf pkljlgod -!$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!@_ adf]lhd csf{] k|:tfjbftf;Fu jftf{ u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -!^_ b]xfosf s'g} cj:yfdf sDkgLn] ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfjx? ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, -v_ 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] nfut sDkgLsf] nfut cg'dfg / pknAw ah]6eGbf ;f/e"t?kdf a9L ePdf, -u_ dfu ePsf] k|fljlws ;]jf cfjZos gkg]{ ePdf, -3_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L k|:tfj lbPsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf . t/, ldnf]dtf] gu/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj pk/ sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . #$= sfof{nosf] nflu 3/, hUuf / pks/0f ef8fdf lng] Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLnfO{ cfjZos 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd ef8fdf lnFbf ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL sa'lnot u/fO{ b]xfo adf]lhd lng ;lsg]5 M
29 -s_ jflif{s b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ef8f kg{] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd ;DalGwt 3/, hUuf / uf]bfd wgL;Fu ;f]e}m jftf{ u/L, -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L jflif{s kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ef8f kg{] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd /]06 sldl6n] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] d"Nodf ;f]e}m jftf{ u/L, -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L ef8f kg{] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd cfjZos s'/fx¿ v'nfO{ sDtLdf kGw lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]/ /]06 sldl6n] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] d"Nodf . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg jfo/n]; k|ljlwsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cfjZos a]; :6]zg h8fg ug{sf] nflu k|fljlws b[li6sf]0faf6 pko'Qm egL 5gf}6 ePsf] 3/ jf hUuf ef8fdf lnFbf To:tf] 3/ jf hUufsf] wgL;Fu ;f]e}m jftf{ u/L /]06 sldl6sf] l;kmfl/;df lng ;lsg]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhd /]06 sldl6 x'g]5 M– -s_ s]Gb|Lo :t/df M ;DalGwt gfoj k|aGw lgb{]zs jf lgb{]zs – cWoIf k|ltlglw, l;len ljefu – ;b:o k|ltlglw, sfg"g zfvf – ;b:o ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v – ;b:o k|ltlglw, n]vf – ;b:o ;lrj -v_ :yfgLo :t/df M If]qLo lgb{]zs – cWoIf ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v – ;b:o k|ltlglw, l;len zfvf – ;b:o ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] n]vf k|d'v – ;b:o k|ltlglw, k|zf;g zfvf – ;b:o ;lrj -$_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ef8fdf lnPsf] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfdsf] wgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / axfn cÍ v'Ng] ljj/0f ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{non] dfu u/] adf]lhd k7fO{ lbg' kb{5 . -%_ sDkgLn] b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]kfndf sfo{/t b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf tyf cGo ;+:yfx¿sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;+/rgf -h:t}M 3/, 6fj/, la=l6=P;=, kfj/ tyf cGo pks/0f_ / ;f]sf] ;'/Iff ;d]tsf] nflu ;+o'Qm ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ cfk;L ;xdltsf] cfwf/df to ePsf] b/df jftf{ u/L lng lbg ;Sg]5 . -^_ jfo/n]; k|ljlwsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cfjZos la=l6=P;= ejg tyf ;f]df h8fg ePsf] 6fj/, pks/0f, Po/ sl08;g, h]g]/]6/, lah'nL, ;'/Iff nufot ;]jf jf ;fdfg ef8fdf lng' k/]df To:tf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{] p2]Zo /fvL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf kmd{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs
30 ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L b]xfosf] ;ldltaf6 nfe, nfut tyf ahf/ d"Nosf] d"NofÍg ;lxtsf] l;kmfl/; lnO{ ef8fdf lng ;lsg]5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb{]zgfno k|d'v – ;+of]hs -v_ ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb{]zgfno k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 – ;b:o -u_ ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb{]zgfnosf] n]vf k|d'v – ;b:o #%= ;f]e}m vl/b ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf ;f]e}m vl/b ug{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ;f]e}m u/fpg ;lsg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ;DaGwL zt{x? k"/f ug]{ k|fljlws bIftf jf Ifdtf Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu ePdf, -v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, kf6{k"hf{ jf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug]{ jf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ clwsf/ Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu ePsf] / cGo pko'Qm ljsNk gePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] k|f]k|fO{6/L dfn;fdfg jf kf6{k'hf{ jf ;]jf ;f]sf] cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu jf lghsf] cflwsfl/s ljq]mtf jf cflwsfl/s Ph]06 jf sfg"gL k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm jf ;+:yf dfk{mt vl/b ubf{, -u_ df}h"bf dfn;fdfg, ;]jf jf hl8t ;+oGqsf] kf6{k'hf{sf] k|lt:yfkg jf lj:tf/ ug{ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos kl/jt{g u/]df sDkgLdf /x]sf] df}h"bf dfn;fdfg, ;]jf jf hl8t ;+oGqsf] kf6{k'hf{sf] k|lt:yfkg jf lj:tf/ ug{ g;lsg] s'/f k|dfl0ft eO{ ;fljssf] cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|f]k|fO6/L :j?ksf] cltl/Qm dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -3_ k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsPsf] sf/0fn] z'? ;Demf}tfdf ;dfj]z gePsf] / z'? ;Demf}tfaf6 cnu u/L ;DkGg ug{ k|fljlws jf cfly{s sf/0fn] sl7gfO{ x'g] eO{ cTofjZos lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -ª_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu s'g} ljlzi6 (Unique) of]Uotf ePsf] vf; k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] ;]jf tTsfn cfjZostf ePdf jf ;fljssf] k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 g} ;]jf lng'kg]{ ckl/xfo{ sf/0f ePdf, -r_ sDkgLdf hl8t pks/0f -;km6j]o/ tyf xf8{j]o/_ sf] pkof]uL cfo' tyf nfe–nfutnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ To:tf] pks/0fdf kl5 ljsf; ePsf goFf ljz]iftfx? yk u/]df sDkgLn] cBfjlws tyf
31 ;do ;fk]If ;]jfx? k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] ePdf ;fljssf] cfk"lt{stf{af6} kl5 ljsf; ePsf gofF ljz]iftfx? -;km6j]o/ tyf xf8{j]o/ ;d]t_ yk ug{' k/]df, -5_ sDkgLnfO{ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos 3/, hUuf, dfn;fdfg tyf ;]jf :yfgLo txsf] ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d'bfoaf6 vl/b ug'{ jf ef8fdf lng' k/]df, -h_ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf ;+3, ;+:yfaf6 3/, hUuf, dfn;fdfg tyf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ jf ef8fdf lng' k/]df . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_ b]lv -5_ ;Ddsf] k|fjwfg adf]lhd dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ubf{ b]xfo cg';f/sf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf sDkgLsf] cy{ ljefu, of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu / dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx?, vl/b;Fu ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb]{zgfno k|d'v tyf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] ;f] sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt Ps hgf ljz]if1 /x]sf] ;ldltsf], -v_ lgb]{zgfno / ;f] cGtu{t x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf ;DalGwt lgb]{zgfno jf ljefusf] k|fljlws zfvf k|d'v, vl/b;Fu ;DalGwt ljefluo jf zfvf k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v tyf lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] ;f] sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt Ps hgf ljz]if1 /x]sf] ;ldltsf] . -#_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd ;f]e}m vl/b ug'{ cl3 b]xfosf s'/fx? olsg u/L ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] cfjZostf, vl/b ug'{ kg]{ ;fdfg e08f/df eP gePsf], cfjZos ;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ tyf kl/df0f, cfk"lt{sf] zt{ / ;do, -v_ ljBdfg pks/0fsf] cfo', ;f]af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] k|ltkmn / nfe–nfutsf] ljZn]if0f, -u_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos;Fu vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf eP jf gePsf], -3_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;+u dfu ul/Psf] lnlvt b//]6 jf k|:tfj, -ª_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"tL{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] sDkgLsf] dfu adf]lhd k]z u/]sf] k|:tfj sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] :k]l;lkms]zg tyf k|fljlws u'0f:t/ adf]lhdsf] eP gePsf],
32 -r_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"tL{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|:tfj ul/Psf] d"No pk/ jftf{ ul/Psf] / ;f] d"No plrt eP gePsf] . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] k|f]k|fO{6/L dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ jf ;f]xL pkljlgodsf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] cTofjZos lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ubf{ tTsfnsf] cGt/f{li6«o d"No b/nfO{ ljrf/ u/L cl3Nnf] k6s vl/b ul/Psf] d"No b/df ga9g] u/L ;fljssf] d"n ;Demf}tf /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt d"No /sd;Dd vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ / -3_ adf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf tTsfn vl/b gubf{ sDkgLnfO{ pNn]vgLo xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g ;Sg] k'i6ofO{+ ;lxtsf] kof{Kt cj:yf / plrt sf/0f b]lvPdf d"n ;Demf}tf /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt d"NoeGbf a9L t/ ztk|ltzt d"Nodf ga9g] /sd ;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . #^= ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug{] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg eO{ tTsfn vl/b gubf{ sDkgLnfO{ yk xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] cj:yf cfOk/]df sDkgLn] tTsfn vl/b ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ sDkgLn] vl/bsf] cfjZostfsf] lnlvt ljj/0f, u'0f:t/, kl/df0f, zt{ / sfo{ ;DkGg ug{] cjlw h:tf ljj/0f tof/ u/L cfsl:ds kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{ cfjZos kl/df0f / ;dofjlwsf nflu dfq oyf;Dej k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ jf Pp6f dfq lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu lnlvt b/efp jf k|:tfj lnO{ jf jftf{ u/L vl/b ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd ul/Psf] vl/bsf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] b]xfosf ljj/0f tyf sfuhftsf] clen]v /fVg' kg{]5 M– -s_ ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug]{ ljj/0f, -v_ vl/bsf cGo ljlw ckgfpg g;lsg] sf/0f tyf cfwf/ . -$_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ug]{ clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ dfq x'g]5 / k|aGw lgb{]zsn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] kl/l:ylt tyf tTsfn ug{'kg{] vl/b ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0fsf] hfgsf/L nuQ} a:g] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf k]z ug{' kg{]5 . #&= cdfgtaf6 sfd ug]{ M -!_ ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf] dd{t ;Def/ jf ;fgfltgf lgoldt sfo{ jf ;/;kmfO{ h:tf sfo{ cdfgtaf6 u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . -@_ sDkgLn] cfjZos b]v]df pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd cdfgtaf6 u/fpg] s'g} sfo{ sldl6 u7g u/L u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -#_ cdfgtdf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd ug'{ k/]df Ps tx dflysf] sfof{nodf k]z u/L :jLs[lt lnO{ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg adf]lhd lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .
33 -$_ cdfgtaf6 lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd ug'{ k/]df To:tf] sfd Ps nfv ?k}ofFdf ga9fO{ v08 v08 u/L jftf{af6 u/fpg jf cfjZos lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pknAw u/fO{ Hofnf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf lbg ;lsg]5 . -%_ sfof{no cfk}+m+n] cdfgtaf6 sfd ubf{ ;f] sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] vl/b tyf k|flKt ;DaGwL k|lqmof k"/f ug'{ kg]{5 . #*= ljlgodfjnL cfslif{t gx'g] M g]kfn ;/sf/ / ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] clwsf+z :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yf jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx? aLr ePsf] cg'bfg jf C0f ;xfotf ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf jf ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] ;dembf/Lkq jf To:tf ;+:yfsf] vl/b tyf lgdf{0f lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpg' kbf{ jf ;]jf pknAw u/fpg' kbf{ To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP hlt ljifodf o; ljlgodfjnLsf k|fjwfgx? cfslif{t x'g] 5}gg .
34 kl/R5]b–$ k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ljlw tyf k|ls|of #(= k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ sDkgLsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k/fdz{ ;]jf sDkgLdf pknAw bIf k|fljlws jf hgzlQm tyf oGq cf}hf/x? ;d]tsf] ljrf/ u/L sDkgLaf6 x'g g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jf lng' k/]df ;DalGwt ljifosf] lj1 jf lj1x?sf] ;d"x jf k/fdz{bft[ ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd lgo'lQm u/L To:tf] ;]jf lng ;lsg] 5 M– -s_ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df ;f]e}m jftf{af6, -v_ v08 -s_ df pNn]lvt /sdeGbf a9L bz nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df ;dfg :t/sf] sDtLdf tLg j6f kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L ;aeGbf sd b/jfnfsf] k|:tfjaf6, -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]lvt /sdeGbf a9L ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df cfzokq lnO{ ;f]af6 5gf}6 ePsf k/fdz{bftfx?af6 l;naGbL k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjaf6 . $)= v'Nnf ?kdf cfzokq dfu u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ ljlgod #( sf] pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug{ To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL cfzokq ;+sng ug{ sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ /fli6«o :t/sf] ;dfrf/kqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df /fVg'sf ;fy} sDkgLsf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf ;d]t 6fF; ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, b]xfosf cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ tLg s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -v_ sDkgLsf] dfu cg'?ksf] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|lt:kwf{Tds d"Nodf g]kfnleqsf PseGbf a9L k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|fKt x'g g;Sg] ePdf, -u_ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf nflu /fli6«o:t/df k|:tfj dfu ubf{ s'g} k|:tfj gk/L ljb]zL k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf lng' kg]{ ePdf, jf -3_ bft[kIf;+usf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf >f]taf6 Joxf]l/g] u/L cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] cfzokq dfu u/L k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug'{ kg]{ ePdf . -@_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ubf{ c+u|]hL efiffdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ cfzokq dfu ug]{ ;"rgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt sfd jf cfof]hgfsf] ;fdfGo ljj/0f,
35 -u_ cfzokqbftfsf] of]Uotf, -3_ cfzokqbftf kmd{ jf sDkgL eP M– -!_ kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] ljj/0f, ;+u7g / sd{rf/L, -@_ b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L kmd{ jf sDkgLn] ;d"x jf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ?kdf k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg] eP To:tf kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ljj/0f tyf d'Vo eO{ sfd ug]{ kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] gfd, -#_ ljut kfFr jif{ leqdf ;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfg k|s[ltsf] sfd / :yfgsf] ljj/0f, / -$_ ;+nUg x'g] k|d'v hgzlQmsf] j}olQms ljj/0f ;lxtsf] kmd{ jf sDkgL k|f]kmfOn . -ª_ JolQmut k/fdz{bftfsf] xsdf ljut tLg jif{df ;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfg k|s[ltsf] sfd / :yfgsf] ljj/0f tyf j}olQms ljj/0f, -r_ k|:tfljt sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] cg'dflgt ;do, -5_ ;+lIfKt ;"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 dfq k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ul/g] s'/f, -h_ cfzokqbftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx?, -em_ cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb]{zg / cfzokq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt tyf :yfg, / -`_ sDkgL;Fu ;Dks{ ug]{ 7]ufgf / ;Dks{ JolQm . -$_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf] cfzokqbftfsf] of]Uotf, cg'ej / Ifdtf ;d]t d"NofÍg u/L To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg;Sg] ;fwf/0ftof tLgb]lv 5 j6f cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{5 . -^_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ sDkgLn] ljleGg d'n's, k[i7e"ld / Ps :yfgLo Ph]G6 /x]sf] kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd cfzokq k]z gug]{ Voflt k|fKt k/fdz{bftf;Fu ;Dks{ u/L lghsf] gfd ;+lIfKt ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 . -*_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ jf pkljlgod -&_ adf]lhd gfd ;dfj]z ubf{ sDtLdf tLg j6f cfzokqbftf 5gf}6 x'g g;s] sDkgLn] k'gM ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cfzokq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . -(_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ klg sDtLdf tLg j6f cfzokqbftf 5gf}6 x'g g;s]df 5gf}6 ePsf hlt cfzokqbftfsf] dfq ;"rL sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 . -!)_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] ;"rLsf] hfgsf/L sDkgLn] cfzokq k]z ug]{ ;a} cfzokqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
36 $!= k|:tfj dfu ug]{ M -!_ ljlgod $) adf]lhd ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ePkl5 sDkgLn] ;f] ;+lIfKt ;"rLdf k/]sf cfzokqbftfx?nfO{ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft x'nfs, s'l/o/, Od]n jf JolQm dfk{mt k7fO{ sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] ;do lbO{ lghx?af6 k|:tfj dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b ul/g] ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cjlw, :yfg, ;]jfsf] sfo{If]qut zt{x?, ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ sfo{ / ck]lIft kl/0ffd, -u_ k|:tfj tof/ ug{ k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ lgb]{zg, -3_ k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj 5'§f5'§} vfddf /fvL l;naGbL u/L k|To]s vfdsf] aflx/ s'g k|sf/sf] k|:tfj xf] ;f] :ki6?kn] pNn]v u/L b'j} k|:tfjnfO{ csf]{ 5'§} vfd aGbL u/L dfu ul/Psf] ;]jfsf] ljifo pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f, -ª_ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s d"NofÍg ef/, -r_ k|:tfj d"NofÍg / t'ngf ug]{ cfwf/ / cÍ ef/, -5_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? (Terms of Reference), -h_ k|:tfj k]z ug'{kg]{ :yfg, ldlt / ;do, -em_ k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug]{ ljlw, -`_ :jfy{ aflemg] ePdf k|:tfj pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g] s'/f / e|i6frf/ jf hfn;fhL u/]df x'g] sfg"gL sf/jfxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -6_ sDkgLn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'6L jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu k|:tfjbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -7_ k|:tfj dfu kq, -8_ k|:tfljt k|d'v hgzlQmn] cfkmgf] xfn;fn}sf] j}olQms ljj/0f ;To / k"0f{ /x]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ Joxf]/f, -9_ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/]kl5 dfq cfly{s k|:tfj vf]lng] s'/f, -0f_ k|fljlws k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftfn] k|fKt ug'{kg]{ pQL0ff{Í, -t_ k|:tfjbftfn] ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu cfkmgf] 5'§} sfo{ of]hgf tyf hgzlQm k|:tfj ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg], -y_ k|:tfjbftfn] sfo{If]qut zt{df l6Kk0fL ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg], / -b_ cfjZos cGo s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/x? pNn]v ubf{ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'g} jf ;a} cfwf/x? cfjZostf cg';f/ v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k/fdz{bftfn] ug'{ kg]{ sfd ;DaGwL k/fdz{bftfsf] cg'ej, -v_ k/fdz{bftfn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ k|:tfljt tl/sfsf] u'0f:t/,
37 -u_ k|:tfljt d'Vo hgzlQmsf] of]Uotf, -3_ 1fg tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fsf] Joj:yf, -ª_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sfd ;Dkfbg ug{ k|:tfljt d'Vo g]kfnL hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -em_ adf]lhd k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug]{ ljlw pNn]v ubf{ k|:tfjsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljlwx? dWo] s'g ljlwsf] cfwf/df x'g] xf] ;f] Joxf]/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw, -v_ u'0f:t/ ljlw, -u_ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw, jf -3_ Go"g nfut ljlw . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg vl/b ug'{kg]{ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt c;fdfGo ?kn] hl6n ePsf] jf To:tf] ;]jfn] /fli6«o cy{tGq jf efjL kl/of]hgfdf pNn]vgLo k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 k"0f{tM u'0f:t/ ljlwsf] cfwf/df ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] cÍef/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ pQL0ff{Í ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw ckgfO{ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ul/g] eP sfdsf] k|s[lt / hl6ntf cg';f/ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] s'n cÍef/ Ps ;o x'g] u/L / To:tf] s'n cÍef/ dWo] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] cÍef/ ;Q/L b]lv gAa] tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] cÍef/ tL;b]lv bz;Dd x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ u'0f:t/ ljlw, lglZrt ah]6 ljlw / Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfO{ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ul/g] eP k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] s'n cÍef/ Ps ;o x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -*_ lglZrt ah]6 ljlwaf6 k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ k|:tfj cfXjfg ubf{ pknAw ah]6 k|:tfjdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -(_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ k"0ff{Í Ps ;o x'g] u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cÍsf] ;Ldf ggf£g] u/L sfdsf] k|s[lt / hl6ntf cg';f/ pko'Qm cÍ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] vf; sfdsf] cg'ejdf s'n cÍsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd, -v_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf / sfo{ If]qut zt{k|ltsf] k|efju|fxLtfdf s'n cÍsf] aL;b]lv krf; k|ltzt;Dd, -u_ d'Vo d'Vo hgzlQmsf] of]Uotf / cg'ejdf s'n cÍsf] tL;b]lv ;f7L k|ltzt;Dd,
38 -3_ k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f jf tflnddf s'n cÍsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd, -ª_ :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutfdf s'n cÍsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd . -!)_ pkljlgod -(_ sf] v08 -ª_ df plNnlvt cÍef/ /fli6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g . -!!_ pkljlgod -(_ df plNnlvt ;a} d"NofÍgsf cfwf/nfO{ tLg j6f pkcfwf/df ljefhg u/L ;f] jfktsf] cÍ ;d]t lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . $@= k|:tfj vf]Ng] M -!_ k|:tfj bflvnf ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt ePkl5 k|:tfjbftfaf6 k|fKt k|:tfjsf] aflx/L vfd vf]nL k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfjsf l;naGbL vfd 5'6ofpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 5'6ofO{Psf vfdx? dWo] klxn] k|fljlws k|:tfj vf]Ng' kg]{5 / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd gvf]nL ;'/lIft;fy 5'§} /fVg' kg]{5 . To;/L 5'6ofO{Psf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/]kl5 dfq vf]Ng' kg]{5 . -#_ k|:tfj vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]Ng' kg]{5 . t/, k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfj vf]Ng' cl3 Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] k|:tfjsf] vfd / /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf k|:tfj gvf]nL ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L lkmtf{ ul/Psf] s'/f, ldlt / ;do vl/b sf/jfxLsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd k|:tfj lkmtf{ u/]kl5 /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] aflx/L vfd qmd};Fu vf]nL ;f]df /x]sf] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]nL b]xfosf s'/f k9]/ ;'gfO{ ;f]sf] d'r'Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftfsf] x:tfIf/ eP gePsf], -u_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ;RofO{Psf] jf s]/d]6 u/]sf]df k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/] gu/]sf], -3_ sDkgLn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] d'r'Nsfdf sDkgLn] pkl:yt k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{5 . -&_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] k|fljlws k|:tfj sDkgLn] oyfzL3| d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . $#= k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
39 -@_ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf k|To]s ;b:on] 5'§f5'§} ?kdf ljlgod $! sf] pkljlgod -(_ df plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd d"NofÍg u/L k|:tfjbftfn] k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ olsg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd cÍ olsg ePkl5 ;f] ;ldltsf] k|To]s ;b:on] k|bfg u/]sf] cÍ u0fgf u/L To:tf] k|:tfjn] k|fKt u/]sf] cf}ift cÍ lgsfNg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg u/] kl5 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ljlgod $! sf] pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] pQL0ff{Í k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfx?sf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rL tof/ ubf{ pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftf b]lv qmd};Fu tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . $$= d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ljlgod $# adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ;DkGg u/] kl5 k|:tfjsf] u'0f:t/ ;DaGwL d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ k|:tfjbftf k|:tfj k]z ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] k'i6ofO{+ ug]{ sfuhftx? k]z eP jf gePsf], -3_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cfjZos eP ;f] k]z eP jf gePsf], -ª_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k k|:tfj k"0f{ eP jf gePsf], / -r_ k|To]s k|:tfjsf] ;fk]lIfs ;jntf, b'j{ntf / d"NofÍg kl/0ffd . $%= cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] sfo{ ;dfKt gx'~h]n cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng' x'Fb}g . -@_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 of]Uo eO{ ljlgod $# sf] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] dfq cfly{s k|:tfj vf]lng]5 . pQm ;"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g g;s]sf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lghsf] k|fljlws k|:tfj 5gf}6 x'g g;s]sf] hfgsf/L ;lxt lghsf] cfly{s k|:tfj gvf]nL lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] k|of]hgsf nflu 5gf}6 ePsf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ sDkgLn] cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] :yfg, ldlt / ;do pNn]v u/L /fli6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf ;ft lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ pkl:yt x'g ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
40 -$_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] pkl:yltdf vf]Ng' kg]{5 . t/, k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]n]kl5 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd, lghn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ / cfly{s k|:tfjdf k|:tfj u/]sf] ;]jf z'Ns k9]/ ;'gfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] d'r"Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt ;]jf z'Ns, -u_ k|:tfljt ;]jf z'Nsdf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f, -3_ cÍ / cIf/sf aLr leGgtf eP ;f] leGgtfsf] ljj/0f, -ª_ cfly{s k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP gePsf], -r_ cfly{s k|:tfjdf s'g} s'/f jf Joxf]/f s]/d]6 u/]sf] eP ;f] 7fpFdf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/] gu/]sf] tyf s]/d]6 u/]sf] /sd / Joxf]/f, -5_ sDkgLn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . $^= cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf]df afx]s cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;f] k|:tfjdf d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k/fdz{bftfnfO{ nfUg] s/ tyf k/fdz{bftfsf] e|d0f, ;DalGwt sfuhftsf] cg'jfb, k|ltj]bg 5kfO{ jf lz/f]ef/ vr{ (Overhead Expenses) h:tf ;f]wegf{ x'g] vr{ ;d]t lghsf] ;]jf z'Nsdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] dflgg]5 . -@_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|To]s k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|:tfjdf s'g} cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L kfOPdf To:tf] q'6L ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L q'6L ;RofpFbf PsfO{ b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf PsfO{ b/ dfGo x'g]5 / ;f]xL b/ adf]lhd s'n /sd ;Rofpg' kg]{5 . To;/L q'6L ;RofO{Psf] ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfly{s k|:tfjdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sd cÍ / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd dfGo x'g]5 . -$_ k|:tfljt saf]n cÍdf k|:tfjbftfn] s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj u/]sf] s'/f cfly{s k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To;/L 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] /sd ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ o; ljlgod adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg u/] kl5 ;a} k|:tfjbftfsf] sfod x'g cfPsf] saf]n cÍsf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
41 $&= k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 M -!_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw ckgfO{Psf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfo adf]lhd k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg u/L ;kmn k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ d"NofÍg ul/g] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] k|fKtfÍnfO{ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] nflu 5'6ofOPsf] cÍef/n] u'0fg u/L k|fKt u'0fgkmnnfO{ Ps;on] efu ubf{ cfpg] efukmnsf] cÍ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ x'g]5 . -v_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 ;kmn ePsf k|:tfjx? dWo] ;a}eGbf 36L saf]n cÍnfO{ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] nflu 5'6ofO{Psf] cÍef/n] u'0fg u/L k|fKt u'0fgkmnnfO{ d"NofÍg ul/g] k|:tfjbftfsf] saf]n cÍn] efu ubf{ cfpg] efukmnsf] cÍ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] k|fKtfÍ x'g]5 . -u_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v"b k|fKtfÍ hf]8L ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg ubf{ ;a}eGbf a9L cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftf ;kmn dflgg] x'Fbf lghnfO{ 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu M– -c_ k|fljlws k|:tfjnfO{ 5'6ofOPsf] s'n cÍef/Ö *) lgwf{l/t pQL0ff{Í Nofpg] s, v, / u k|:tfjbftfn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf kfPsf] cÍ M– s Ö () v Ö *% u Ö *) pko'{Qm cÍ tyf cÍef/sf] cfwf/df k|fljlws k|:tfjdf kfpg] cÍ u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf M– s Ö 90 × 80 100 = 72 v Ö 85 × 80 100 = 68 u Ö 80 × 80 100 = 64 -cf_ cfly{s k|:tfjnfO{ 5'6ofOPsf] cÍef/Ö @) k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pQL0f{ ePsf s, v / u k|:tfjbftfn] cfly{s k|:tfjdf saf]n u/]sf] /sd M– s Ö $,%),))).– v Ö $,#),))).– u Ö $,@),))).– t;y{, ;a}eGbf 36L saf]n u/]sf] /sd Ö $,@),))).–
42 pko'{Qm cÍ tyf cÍef/sf] cfwf/df cfly{s k|:tfjdf kfpg] cÍ u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf M– s Ö 420000 × 20 450000 = 18.66 v Ö 420000 × 20 430000 = 19.53 u Ö 420000 × 20 420000 = 20 -O_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] ;+o'Qm d"NofÍgaf6 kfpg] s'n cÍ ljj/0f M– k|:tfjbftf k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ s'n cÍ s}lkmot s &@ !*=^^ ()=^^ ;a}eGbf a9L s'n cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftf æsÆ 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ v ^* !(=%# *&=%# u ^$ @)=)) *$ -@_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfj dfq 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To:tf] ah]6sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nfut ePsf] k|:tfj /2 u/L To:tf] ah]6sf] ;Ldfleq k/]sf] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf ;kmn x'g lgwf{l/t Go"gtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftf dWo] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . $*= k|:tfjbftf;Fu jftf{ ug]{ M -!_ ljlgod $& adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;+u sfo{ If]qut zt{ / k|:tfljt ;]jfsf] sfo{If]q, k|ult k|ltj]bg, sDkgLn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ;'ljwfsf ljifodf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . To;/L jftf{ ug'{kg]{ ePdf sDkgLn] To:tf] k|:tfjbftfnfO{ jftf{sf] ldlt, ;do / :yfg v'nfO{ jftf{ ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -@_ ljlgod $& sf] pkljlgod -@_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cfly{s k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf k]zfljbx?sf] kfl/>lds ;DaGwdf jftf{ x'g ;Sg] 5}g . t/, ;f]wegf{ x'g] k|s[ltsf vr{ ;DaGwdf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
43 -#_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd jftf{ ubf{ sDkgL / k|:tfjbftf b'j}nfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] ;xdlt xfl;n x'g g;s]df sDkgLn] ljlgod $& sf] pkljlgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ / pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;+u qmd};+u jftf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . $(= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf M -!_ ljlgod $* adf]lhd ePsf] jftf{df ;xdltdf k'u]sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ul/Psf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ / ;"rLdf k/]sf cGo k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq s'g} k|:tfjbftfn] ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu s'g} lgj]bg gu/]df pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq lgh ;Demf}tf ug{ pkl:yt ePdf lghn] ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, lgh ;Demf}tf ug{ pkl:yt gePdf sDkgLn] ljlgod $& sf] pkljlgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ / pkljlgod -$_ sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] xsdf ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;+u qmd};+u jftf{ u/L ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg k/]sf]df o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–!! adf]lhdsf] k|ls|of k"/f geO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ul/g] 5}g . %)= k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug]{ / vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug]{ M b]xfosf s'g} cj:yfdf sDkgLn] ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj sfo{If]qut zt{x? cg';f/ ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, -v_ nfut cg'dfg / pknAw ah]6eGbf 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] nfut ;f/e"t?kdf a9L ePdf, -u_ k/fdz{ ;]jf cfjZos gkg]{ ePdf, jf -3_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L k|:tfj lbPsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf . t/, ldnf]dtf] gu/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj pk/ sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
44 kl/R5]b–% l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf %!= l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 b]xfosf s''/fx? pNn]v u/L l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ lgdf{0f sfo{ jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ ;]jfsf] :k]l;lkms]zg, u'0f:t/, kl/df0f, cfk"lt{sf zt{x? / ;do tyf cGo cfjZos s'/fx?sf] ljj/0f, -v_ l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfsf] of]Uotf -lgdf{0f vl/b afx]s_, -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f] s'/f, -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq dfGo /xg] cjlw, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fddf b/efpkqbftfn] /Ltk"j{s ;xL5fk u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ s'/f, -r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf jf/]G6L ;DaGwL bfloTj / lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xsdf q'6L ;Rofpg] cjlw;Ddsf] bfloTj . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fd tof/ ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] b/efpkq ;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] b/efpkqsf] kmf/fddf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt eO{ 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . %@= l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg M -!_ sDkgLn] l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg ubf{ /fli6«o jf :yfgLo :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/ kqdf sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v u/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd kfO{g] :yfg / ;f] jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, -v_ hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f]sf] lsl;d, /sd / ;dofjlw, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k7fpg] tl/sf tyf k7fpg' kg]{ sfof{no jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -r_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ tLgj6f eGbf sd l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z x'g cfPdf jf b/efpkq k]z g} gePdf ;f] ;DaGwdf s'g} s'/f pNn]v gu/L ;f]xL pkljlgod adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ klg cfjZos ;+Vofdf l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z x'g gcfPdf k]z x'g cfPsf b/efpkq dWo]af6 b/efpkq :jLs[t ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
45 %#= l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fdsf] b:t'/ M l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fdsf] b:t'/ tLg xhf/ ?k}ofF /xg]5 . %$= l;naGbL b/efpkq hdfgt M -!_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] l;naGbL b/efpkqsf ;fy cfkm"n] saf]n u/]sf] /sdsf] b'O{ k|ltztb]lv tLg k|ltzt;Ddsf] /sdn] x'g] gub hdfgt jf sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] jfl0fHo a}Íaf6 gAa] lbgsf] dfGo cjlw /xg] u/L hf/L ePsf] a}Í Uof/]G6L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd /fv]sf] hdfgt b]xfosf] cj:yfdf hkmt x'g]5 M– -s_ 5gf}6 ePsf] l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df, -v_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fddf plNnlvt sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] Dofbleq lbg g;s]df, / -u_ ljlgod !)# adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]df . %%= l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] M -!_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lt/L sDkgLaf6 l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd vl/b u/L ;f]xL kmf/fddf l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ Ps k6s k]z e};s]sf] l;naGbL b/efpkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] dfGo cjlw k}+tfnL; lbgsf] x'g]5 . -$_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;do ;lsPsf] nut} sDkgLn] l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf ;Dej eP;Dd l;naGbL b/efpkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd vf]Ng' kg]{5 . %^= l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] d"NofÍg tyf :jLs[lt M -!_ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ l;naGbL b/efpkq sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|ls|of tyf o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–* df plNnlvt af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:yfx? adf]lhd x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ l;naGbL b/efpkq vf]n]sf] ldltaf6 kGw| lbgleq ljlgod %! sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] zt{x? k"/f u/L nfut cg'dfgleq k/]sf] ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt b/efpkq :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L l;naGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t u/]kl5 ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;a} l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . t/, d"No clej[l4 s/ / :yfoL n]vf btf{ k|df0fkq gePsf JolQm, kmd{ jf ;+:yfsf] b/efpkq :jLsf/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
46 -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd l;naGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t ePsf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] ;DalGwt b/efpkqbftfnfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|fKt ug]{ b/efpkqbftfn] ;f] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq cfk"mn] saf]n u/]sf] cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] gub} jf sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Ín] sDkgLsf] gfddf tf]lsPsf] cjlwsf] nflu hf/L u/]sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .
47 kl/R5]b–^ k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL Joj:yf %&= k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] ;do ;dodf 7"nf / hl6n elg lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ jf kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L d"Nosf] b"/;~rf/ pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ jf of]Uo af]nkqbftfsf] klxrfg ug{ af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ s'g} lglZrt ;dodf ;DkGg u/L ;Sg' kg]{ g]6js{ lj:tf/sf] 8S6LË tyf jfo/n]; ;]jfsf] la=6L=P;= h8fgsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ -h:t}M 6fj/, ljB'tLs/0f, kfj/ pks/0f, ;]N6/ / Po/ sl08zg/_ sf] lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{x?nfO{ ljleGg If]q jf Kofs]hdf ljefhg u/L k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L a9Ldf b'O{ jif{sf] nflu of]Uo k|:tfjs 5gf}6 ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjaf6 5flgPsf k|:tfjbftfx? aLr d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ Go"gtd d"No k|:tfj ug]{ k|:tfjbftfnfO{ / To:tf] Go"gtd d"Nodf sfd ug]{ zt{df 5flgPsf dWo]sf cGo k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ ;d]t ljlgod &% sf] pkljlgod -(_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lnO{ ljlgod *( adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L sfd lbg ;lsg] 5 . o;/L ljefhg u/L u/fPsf] sfo{ ;Gtf]ifhgs ePdf dfq ;f]xL k|:tfjbftfnfO{ c? yk sfd lbg ;lsg]5 . t/, s[lqd k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L cfk;df ldn]/ k|:tfj lbPdf jf k|rlnt ahf/ d"NoeGbf ;f/e"t ?kdf km/s d"Nosf] k|:tfj k|fKt ePdf ;a} k|:tfjx? /2 u/L To:tf k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] ;"lraf6 ;d]t x6fOg]5 . :ki6Ls/0f M o; pkljlgoddf æd"NoÆ eGgfn] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjaf6 5flgPsf k|:tfjbftfx?af6 l;naGbL ?kdf k|fKt ePsf] PsfO{ b/nfO{ hgfpg]5 . -$_ sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfk"lt{ ug{'kg]{ SIM Card, RUIM Card, Recharge Card tyf cGo Cash Cards ;d]tnfO{ pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -$_ adf]lhd vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjaf6 5flgPsf k|:tfjbftfx? aLr pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg l;naGbL PsfO{ b/ dfu ubf{ /fli6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg tyf cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df klg k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . %*= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ ljlgod %& adf]lhd k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ jf d"No ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ug]{ ePdf sDkgLn] af]nkq cfXjfg jf d"No ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ug'{ cl3 k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
48 -@_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'/fx? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ of]Uotf, of]Uotfsf cfwf/ / ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] xsdf ;fem]bf/sf] of]Uotf, -v_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfkmgf] of]Uotf / u|fXotf k'li6 ug{ k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhft / hfgsf/L, -u_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;d"x jf Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x jf Kofs]h, -3_ k|:tfj tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ tl/sf, -ª_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ k|s[of, -r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf d'Vo d'Vo zt{, -5_ vl/bsf] k|s[lt, vl/b ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw tyf ;f]sf] k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, / -h_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ tl/sf, :yfg, clGtd ldlt / ;do . -em_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfuhftdf k|aGw lgb{]zs jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t:t/sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . %(= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfwf/ :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{ M sDkgLn] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 ljlgod ( jf !) adf]lhd lgwf{l/t k"j{ of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? k|aGw lgb]{zsaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . t/, vl/b sfo{sf] :jLs[lt ;ldltaf6 u/fpg' kg]{ ePdf k"j{of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? ;d]t ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . ^)= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj cfXjfg ug]{ M -!_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg]5 . To:tf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df klg /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfj cfXjfg ug]{ sfof{nosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] :yfg, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / nfUg] b:t'/, -u_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ :yfg, tl/sf, clGtd ldlt / ;do, -3_ k|:tfj dfGo x'g] cjlw, -ª_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do, :yfg / ;dodf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] cflwsfl/s k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s'/f,
49 -r_ hdfgt dfu ePsf]df ;f] hdfgtsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw, -5_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbgsf] cjlw lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ :yfg v'nfpFbf sDkgLsf PseGbf a9L sfof{nox?df To:tf] sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . -%_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{ cfjZos k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft dfu ug]{ ;a} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yfnfO{ sDkgLn] kGw| xhf/ ?k}ofF b:t'/ lnO{ To:tf] sfuhft lbg' kg]{5 . ^!= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj d"NofÍg M -!_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj d"NofÍg ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf ljlgod && adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ qmdzM k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ug'{kg]{ / lt of]Uotfsf k|To]s cfwf/ k"/f u/] gu/]sf] ljifodf cfjZos k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf cfwf/x? s'g} e]befj lagf ;a} k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ ;dfg ?kn] nfu' x'g]5g . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] o; ljlgod adf]lhd u/]sf] k/LIf0fsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f ;lxt b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t v'nfO{ k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq sDkgLdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ cfj]bssf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ cfj]bssf] of]Uotfsf] k|To]s cfwf/ k'li6 ug]{ sfuhft, -u_ tflnsf cfjZos eP To:tf] tflnsf, -3_ ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ?kdf k|:tfj k]z ul/Psf] eP ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] k"0f{tf / To:tf] pkj|mdsf] k|To]s ;fem]bf/sf] lx:;f / bfloTj, -ª_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;d"x jf Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ul/g] ePdf ;f] ;d"x / Kofs]hsf] k/LIf0f ug{ ckgfO{Psf] k|lqmof tyf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]hsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lngsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bs, / -r_ cfj]bs 5gf}6 x'g' jf gx'g'sf] sf/0f . ^@= of]Uo cfj]bssf] 5gf}6 M -!_ of]Uotfsf ;a} cfwf/ k"/f ug]{ cfj]bs of]Uotf k/LIf0fdf 5gf}6 ePsf] dflgg] / ;a} of]Uotfsf cfwf/ k"/f gug]{ cfj]bs 5gf}6 gePsf] dflgg]5 .
50 -@_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bssf] ;"rL sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg u/L ;a} cfj]bsnfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf] s'g} cfj]bsn] lghsf] k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf] sf/0fsf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt sfof{non] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ 5gf}6 ePsf k"j{of]Uotfsf] cfj]bs ;DalGwt vl/b sf/jfxLsf] nflu af]nkq k]z ug{ of]Uo ePsf] dflgg]5 .
51 kl/R5]b–& af]nkq sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^#= af]nkqsf k|lj|mof / r/0f M -!_ af]nkqåf/f vl/b ubf{ b]xfosf] k|lj|mof ckgfO{ af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f gu/L v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ . -@_ v'Nnf ?kdf cfXjfg ul/g] af]nkq Ps jf b'O{ r/0fdf cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ ljlgod ^* sf] pkljlgod -!_ df plNnlvt cj:yfdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ kbf{ b'O{ r/0fdf cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . ^$= af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{eGbf cl3 sfdsf] kl/df0f, u'0f:t/, e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf tyf cGo zt{x? ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft -:k]lzlkms]zg_ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ubf{ oyf;Dej ldtJolotf tyf sfo{qmd cg';f/ sfd ;DkGg x'g] u/L sfo{ tflnsf ;d]t agfpg' kg]{5 . -#_ sDkgLsf] lgb]{zgfno, ljefu jf ;f] cGtu{t sfof{non] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ubf{ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t :k]l;lkms]zgsf] ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L tof/ ug{' kg{]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft pk/ hfFr tyf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L To:tf] sfhuhft :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;DalGwt clwsf/L ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft -:k]l;lkms]zg_ hfFr tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt /xg]5 M– -s_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf M k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs –;+of]hs cy{ ljefu, of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu / dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? –;b:o ;DalGwt cfof]hgfsf] k|d'v –;b:o k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf ljz]if1x? –;b:o s]Gb|Lo vl/b OsfO{sf] k|d'v –;b:o ;lrj
52 -v_ lgb]{zgfno, ljefu jf ;f] cGtu{t x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf M lgb]{zs jf ljefuLo k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] jl/i7 k|fljlws clws[t –;+of]hs n]vf k|d'v –;b:o vl/b;+u ;DalGwt zfvf k|d'v –;b:o lgb]{zs jf ljefuLo k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 –;b:o vl/b OsfO{sf] k|d'v –;b:o ;lrj -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft pk/ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] hfFr tyf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L :jLs[lt tyf vl/b sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpgsf] nflu u/]sf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[t ug{' kg]{5 . -^_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/bsf] k|s[lt, vl/b ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw tyf ;f]sf] k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f gu/L af]nkq cfXjfg ePsf] eP ljlgod *, (, !), !!, !@ / !# adf]lhdsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf tyf of]Uotfsf cfwf/x?, -u_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -3_ af]nkq k]z ug'{ cl3 s'g} a}7s ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -ª_ af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf kfngf ug{' kg{] ljifodf lgb]{zg, af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do / :yfg tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -r_ d"Nosf] ;+/rgf (Component of Price), af]n cÍsf] nflu pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] d'b|f jf d'b|fx?, af]nkq t'ngf ug{ k|of]u ul/g] d'b|f, ;Da4 ljlgdo b/sf] cfwf/ / ;f]sf] ldlt, -5_ af]nkq d"NofÍg / af]nkqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf, -h_ :jb]zL dfn;fdfg / :yfgLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] eP ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -em_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f5'§} ;d"x / Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]h, / ;f]sf] d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -`_ k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zgsf] ljsNksf] k|:tfj ;d]t dfu ul/Psf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ljsNk d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -6_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] s'g} c+zsf] nflu dfq klg af]nkq k]z ug{ kfO{g] eP To:tf] c+zx?sf] ljj/0f, -7_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw, -8_ af]nkq, sfo{;Dkfbg jf cGo cfjZos s'/fsf] nflu lbg'kg]{ hdfgtsf] /sd, lsl;d, dfGo 9fFrf / dfGo cjlw (Validity Period),
53 -9_ af]nkq hdfgt dfu ePsf]df ;f] hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlweGbf tL; lbg a9L cjlwsf] x'g'kg]{ Joxf]/f, -0f_ ljlgod *( adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf ;fwf/0f / ljz]if zt{x? (General and Specific Conditions) / ;f] ;Demf}tf nfu" x'g] tl/sf, -t_ :jfy{ aflemg] (Conflict of Interest) ePdf af]nkq pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g] jf hfn;fhL jf e|i6frf/ u/]df x'g] sfg"gL sf/jfxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -y_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'6L jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu af]nkqbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -b_ k|fljlws IfdtfnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft tyf cfly{s k|:tfj Pp6} vfddf k]z ug'{kg]{ Joxf]/f, -w_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] k"j{ of]Uotf jf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ egL lgwf{/0f u/]sf ljifox?, -g_ Pp6} af]nkqdf Ps jf ;f]eGbf a9L af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ k"j{ of]Uotfåf/f 5gf}6 u/L jf gu/L v08 v08df sfd u/fpg ;lsg] ePdf ;f] s'/f, -k_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] of]hgf tyf gS;f, -km_ lan ckm SjflG6l6 (BoQ), lan ckm d]6]l/on (BoM), :of8o'n ckm l/Sjfo/d]G6 (SoR) tyf :of8o'n ckm k|fO; (SoP), -a_ af]nkqbftfn] ug'{kg]{ e}kl/ cfpg] sfd, -e_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{, lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ ;do tyf sfo{ tflnsf, -d_ jf/]06L tyf dd{t ;Def/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -o_ af]nkqbftfn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cfjZos tflnd tyf ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f, -/_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg jf hu]8f kf6{k"hf{x? gofF / ;SsnL x'g'kg]{ s'/f, / -n_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -&_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ sDkgLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] of]hgf, gS;f / l8hfO{g, -v_ lan ckm SjflG6l6 (BoQ), :of8o'n ckm l/Sjfo/d]G6 (SoR), -u_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;fGble{s ef}lts tyf /;folgs ljz]iftf, ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg ;DaGwL ljz]iftf, -3_ k|fljlws agfj6 (Configuration), -ª_ dfn;fdfgsf] cfo' cjlwe/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ / plNnlvt ;]jf pknAw x'g] jf gx'g],
54 -r_ af]nkqsf ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0ffTds k'l:tsf jf gd"gf, -5_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg tyf u'0f:t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0f, -h_ jf/]06L tyf dd{t ;Def/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -em_ dfn;fdfgaf6 jftfj/0fdf s'g} k|efj kg]{ eP To:tf] k|efj / To:tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08, -`_ cfk"lt{ ePsf] dfn;fdfg af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhdsf] eP gePsf] s'/f k/LIf0f ug{ ckgfOg] dfkb08 / tl/sf (Proof of Concept tyf Proof of Compliance ;DaGwL s'/f), / -6_ sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -*_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|fljlws ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ sDkgLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{If]q / p2]]Zo, -v_ lgdf{0f :ynsf] ef}lts k|s[lt / cj:yf, -u_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{sf] l8hfO{g, lgdf{0f, pks/0f h8fg (Erection and/ or Installation) h:tf sfo{sf] ljj/0f, -3_ lgdf{0f sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{tflnsf, -ª_ lan ckm SjflG6l6 (BoQ), -r_ lgdf{0f sfo{af6 jftfj/0fdf k|efj kg]{ eP To:tf] k|efjsf] ljj/0f / To:tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08, -5_ d]sflgsn, :oflg6/L tyf KnlDaË / ljB't h8fg ;DaGwL sfd ;d]t ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] sfd ;DaGwL ljz]if k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, -h_ cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ pks/0f / kf6{k"hf{sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f, -em_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg jf u'0f:t/sf] k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -`_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljleGg r/0fdf ul/g] lg/LIf0f tyf k/LIf0f, -6_ sfo{ ;DkGg k/LIf0f (Completion Test), -7_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ k|fljlws sfuhft, lgdf{0f eP adf]lhdsf] b'?:t (As Built) gS;f, cfjZostf cg';f/ pks/0f ;~rfng k'l:tsf (Operating Manual), -8_ lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLsf/ ug{sf] nflu sDkgLn] ug'{kg]{ lg/LIf0f / k/LIf0f, / -9_ sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/f . -(_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGo ;]jfsf] ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ ;]jfsf] k|of]hg / sfo{If]q, -v_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg, ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ sfd / ;]jf,
55 -u_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ ljj/0ffTds k'l:tsf jf gd"gf, -3_ ;]jf k|bfosn] kfngf ug'{kg]{ zt{, -ª_ ;]jf d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf, -r_ sfd jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f / lg/LIf0f, -5_ sfo{;Dkfbg / u'0f:t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0f, -h_ ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ tflnd / ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f, / -em_ sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cGo cfjZos s'/f . -!)_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;dfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|s[ltnfO{ ljrf/ u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cfjZostfg';f/ b]xfosf sfuhft ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq lgb]{lzsf tyf af]nkq kmf/fd, -v_ af]nkq hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -u_ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -3_ k]ZsL e'QmfgL hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -ª_ :k]l;lkms]zg / gS;f, -r_ sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{ tflnsf, e'QmfgL ul/g] d'b|f, ;fdu|L pknAw x'g ;Sg] ;|f]t / :yfg, -5_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ / gd"gf, / -h_ cGo cfjZos sfuhft . -!!_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg lb+bf b]xfosf ljifodf lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ efiff, -v_ O{G6/g]zgn sdl;{on 6d{; (Incoterms) cg';f/ d"No cleJoQm ug]{ tl/sf, -u_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md af/] cfjZos hfgsf/L, -3_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftsf] ;"rL, -ª_ af]nkqbftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gf / ;f]sf] ;+Vof, -r_ dfn;fdfg vl/bsf] xsdf dfn;fdfgsf] lgdf{tfn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] hu]8f kf6k"hf{x?sf] ;"rL tyf lgh;Fu /x]sf] k|To]s kf6{k"hf{sf] df}Hbft kl/df0f, k|lt OsfO{ d"No / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 To:tf] kf6{k"hf{sf] d"No a9g] ga9g] ;DaGwL s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ jf gkg]{, -5_ af]nkqbftfn] cfk"lt{ ug]{ dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbs, pTkfbg ePsf] b]z, a|f08, df]8n / Sof6nu gDa/ af]nkqdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f, -h_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] sDkgL;Fu s'g} s'/f a'emg k/]df /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf af]nkq k]z ug]{
56 clGtd lbgeGbf bz lbg cufj} tyf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf kGw| lbg cufj} lnlvt kqfrf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/f / To; ;DaGwdf :ki6 ug{ sDkgLaf6 tf]lsPsf] ;Dks{ JolQm tyf sfof{nosf] gfd, 7]ufgf / ;do, -em_ af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd sDkgLsf sd{rf/LnfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{ eP jf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL s'/f, -`_ bflvnf ePsf af]nkq :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ sDkgLdf ;'/lIft /x]sf] Joxf]/f, / -6_ sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/f . -!@_ dfn;fdfg vl/b jf h8fg sfo{ ubf{ sDkgLsf] af]nkq kmf/fddf plNnlvt Jofj;flos (Commercial) / k|fljlws (Technical) k|:tfjeGbf af]nkqbftfsf] k|:tfj km/s k/]df ;fdfGo km/s (Minor Deviations) / k|d'v km/s (Major Deviations) dflgg] a'Fbfx? af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf :ki6 v'nfPsf] x'g' kg{]5 . -!#_ s'g} dfn;fdfg vl/b, lgdf{0f tyf h8fg, dd{t / 9'jfgL sfo{sf] lgldQ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj Pp6} vfddf lnO{ d"NofÍg ul/ vl/b ug{] Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 . o;/L af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf sfdsf] k|s[lt / cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fdfGotM b]xfosf k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ :ki6 ¿kn] v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt sfo{sf lgldQ cfjZos cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfljt hgzlQmsf] cfjZostf, sfo{bIftf tyf of]Uotf, -u_ cfjZos k|fljlws dfn;fdfg tyf pks/0f, -3_ cfly{s cj:yf v'Ng] cfjZos ljj/0f h:t}M Go"gtd ;/b/ sf/f]af/, rfn' k"FhL, g]6jy{, C0f lng ;Sg] Ifdtf cflb, -ª_ lgdf{0f, dd{t jf 9'jfgL sfo{tflnsf, -!$_ pkljlgod -!#_ df plNnlvt k|To]s cfwf/nfO{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ cÍef/ lbO{ af]nkqbftfn] k|fKt ug{'kg{] Go"gtd cÍ af]nkq ;"rgf hf/L ug{' cufj} :jLs[t u/fO{ /fVg' kg{]5 / Go"gtd cÍ klg k|fKt gug{] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . ^%= af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ M -!_ af]nkq k]z ug{ rfxg] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft dfu u/]df b]xfo adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lnO{ ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft las|L ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] af]nkqsf] nflu kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF,
57 -v_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf dfly kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] af]nkqsf] nflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF /, -u_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf dflysf] af]nkqsf] nflu Go"gtd kGw| xhf/ ?k}ofF / clwstd Ps nfv ?k}ofF ;Dddf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]lslbPsf] /sd . -@_ af]nkq k]z ug{ rfxg] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lt/L af]nkq ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfuhft sDkgLsf] j]a;fO{6 jf cGo :jLs[t j]a ;fO{6af6 g} 8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf sDkgLn] ldnfpg ;Sg]5 . -#_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ / nfUg] x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dxz'n lt/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fO{ lbg lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df sDkgLn] To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfkm{t af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fO{lbg' kg]{5 . t/, To;/L sfuhft k7fpFbf To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ;dodf g} k|fKt ug{ g;s]df ;f]sf] nflu sDkgL hjfkmb]xL x'g]5}g . ^^= af]nkq cfXjfg M -!_ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs kqklqsfdf tyf sDkgLsf] j]a;fO{6df b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ sfof{nosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ;do ;Ldf, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg, -u_ af]nkq hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f]sf] lsl;d, /sd / dfGo cjlw, -3_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / ;f] jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, -ª_ af]nkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do, :yfg / af]nkq k7fpg] tl/sf, -r_ af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s'/f, -5_ af]nkq;Fu ;DalGwt cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -@_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ :yfg v'nfpFbf sDkgLsf PseGbf a9L sfof{nox?df To:tf] sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . -#_ af]nkqsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbgsf] cjlw lbg' kg{]5 .
58 t/, k"j{ of]Uotfaf6 5gf}6 ePsf of]Uo cfj]bsx? dWo]af6 af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbg ;lsg]5 . -$_ af]nkq kmf/fd laqmL ePsf] / af]nkq btf{ ePsf] ljj/0f 5'§} lstfadf pNn]v u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . af]nkq laqmL / btf{sf] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] ;f] lstfadf b:tvt u/L aGb ug'{ kg]{5 . af]nkq laqmL /sd a}Í bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . ^&= cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnL cGtu{t af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ b]xfosf cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] dfu cg'?ksf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ g]kfnleqsf PseGbf a9L lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 k|fKt gx'g] ePdf, -v_ lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf vl/bsf nflu /fli6«o:t/df af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L ljb]zaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf, -u_ bft[kIf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf >f]taf6 ljb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf, -3_ ljz]if tyf hl6n lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ePsf]n] cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkqaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ egL ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf]df . -@_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf c+u|]hL efiffdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg{]5 / af]nkq ;DaGwL ;a} sfuhft c+u|]hL efiffdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df klg /fVg' kg{]5 . ^*= b'O{ r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b'O{ r/0fdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] k|fljlws kIf jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{sf avt k"0f{ ¿kdf olsg ug{ ;Dej gePdf, jf -v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] k|s[lt hl6n eO{ sDkgLn] ;f]sf ljleGg k|fljlws kIf jf vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ ljifodf / To:tf k|fljlws kIf / ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ tyf To;af6 x'g] kmfObfsf ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftf;Fu 5nkmn ug{' k/]df . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd k|yd r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf vl/bsf] p2]Zo, :k]lzlkms]zg, cGo ljz]iftf, af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf / ck]lIft sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf ;fy} af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf d"No gv'nfO{
59 k|fljlws k|:tfj / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{sf ;DaGwdf l6Kk0fL dfq k]z ug{'kg{] s'/f pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 . -#_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd u/]sf] af]nkq cfXjfg adf]lhd k|fKt af]nkqsf ;DaGwdf s'g} jf ;a} af]nkqbftf;Fu 5nkmn ug{ ;Sg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqsf ;DaGwdf pkljlgod - #_ adf]lhd ePsf] 5nkmn ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ;DaGwL cfwf/e"t zt{x¿ (Basic Requirements) k"/f ug{ jf Go"gtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ jf lgwf{l/t cjlw leq sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] jf To:tf zt{x¿ k"/f ug{ jf sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ jf lgwf{l/t cjlw leq} sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu ;+zf]wg ug{ g;Sg] jf cGo s'g} sdhf]/L eO{ k|efju|fxL gePsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL k|:tfj /2 ug{], -v_ k|lt:kwf{ clej[l4 ug{ k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{df x]/k]m/ jf ;'wf/ ug]{, -u_ af]nkqbftfaf6 k]z ePsf ljleGg ljsNkx¿sf] pko'Qmtf lgwf{/0f ug{ d"NofÍg k4lt to ug{] . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 sDkgLn] bf];|f] r/0fdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug{' kg{]5 . To:tf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ ;f]xL pkljlgod adf]lhd af]nkq /2 gePsf af]nkqbftfnfO{ kl/dflh{t af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft cg'¿k d"No ;lxtsf] af]nkq k]z ug{ cfXjfg ug{' kg{]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhd ul/g] bf];|f] r/0fsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxL o;} ljlgodfjnLdf eO/x]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg'¿k ug{' kg{]5 . ^(= af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ePsf] låljwf af/]sf] hfgsf/L M -!_ af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt s'g} s'/fdf låljwf eO{ ;f] ;DaGWfdf :ki6 ug{ lt sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;dofjlw leq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cg'/f]w u/]df sDkgLn] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt x'g' cufj} To:tf] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L / af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf s'g} x]/km]/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] x]/km]/ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L vl/b sf/jfxLdf ;xefuL ePsf ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj tof/ ubf{ To:tf] x]/km]/ pk/ ;d]t ljrf/ ug{ ;do kfpg] u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{sf] nflu af]nkqbftfnfO{ yk ;do lbg cfjZos ePdf sDkgLn] af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd cjlw a9fpg ;Sg]5 .
60 &)= af]nkq k]z ug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s M -!_ sDkgLn] af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, lgdf{0f:yn jf cGo o:t} s'/f ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf bz lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg cufj} af]nkqbftfx?sf] a}7ssf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] a}7sdf af]nkqbftfn] sDkgL ;dIf vl/b sf/jfxL ;DaGwL s'g} k|Zg jf lh1f;f /fVg ;Sg]5 / sDkgLn] k|Zgstf{x?sf] >f]t pNn]v gu/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] k|Zg jf lh1f;fsf] hjfkm / a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 oyflz3| pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] a}7saf6 af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] s'g} k|fljlws jf Jofkfl/s kIfdf x]/km]/ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf sDkgLn] ;f] sfuhftdf ;f]xL adf]lhd ;+zf]wg u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] Joxf]/f To:tf] a}7s ePsf] k+Ffr lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 . &!= af]nkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] M -!_ af]nkq k]z ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lt/L ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 ;f] sfof{nosf] sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft lsGg jf sDkgLn] tf]s] adf]lhd sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6 jf cGo :jLs[t j]a ;fO{6af6 af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft 8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft j]a ;fO{6af6 8fpgnf]8 ug]{ / ljB'lto bflvnf ug]{ (e-submission) sf ;DaGwdf OR5's af]nkqbftf btf{ x'g], tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ e'QmfgL u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ / bflvnf ug]{ h:tf k|ls|ofx? lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . OR5's af]nkqbftfsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu sDkgLn] af]nkqsf] ljB'lto bflvnf k|lj|mof (e-submission procedures) sf ;DaGwdf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6 jf cGo :jLs[t j]a ;fO{6df tyf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ Ps JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft csf]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 bflvnf ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . -$_ d"No clej[l4 s/ / cfos/ btf{ k|df0f kq gePsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . t/, cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g . -%_ af]nkq lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf, af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clws[t k|ltlglwn] /Ltk"j{s ;xL5fk tyf l;naGbL u/L af]nkqbftf cfkm}+n] jf cfkmgf] k|ltlglw dfkm{t jf x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfkm{t jf sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ljB'lto bflvnf k|ls|of dfkm{t af]nkq k]z ug'{ kg]{ :yfgdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do leq} k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
61 -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf af]nkqx? pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . To:tf af]nkqx? Gfvf]nL ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ul/g]5 / ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf cfkmgf] af]nkq lkmtf{ lng gcfPdf klg lkmtf{ ePsf] dflgg]5 . -&_ af]nkqsf] ;"rgfdf hgfP cg';f/sf] lglb{i6 :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf af]nkqjfnf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df af]nkq vf]nL d'r'Nsfdf pkl:yt x'g] ;a}sf] ;xL5fk ug'{ u/fpg' kg{]5 . af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt x'g gcfPdf klg ;f] af]nkqx¿ lgwf{l/t :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf vf]lng] 5 . -*_ af]nkq vf]Nbf s'g} af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkqdf cÍ / cIf/ k|i6 gePsf], s]/d]6df ;xL gePsf] tyf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 d"NofÍgsf] nflu låljwf x'g] l:ylt kfOPdf d'r'Nsfdf ;f]xL s'/f pNn]v u/L pkl:yt ;a}sf] ;xL u/fO{ /fVg' kg{]5 . &@= ljb]zLn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ v'nfpg'kg{] s'/fx¿ M -!_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ g]kfnleq cfˆgf] s'g} Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ePsf] /x]5 eg] lghn] To:tf] Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg{]5 M– -s_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwn] kfpg] sldzgsf] cÍ, d'b|fsf] lsl;d / e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf, -u_ Ph]06 / k|ltlglw;Fu ePsf] s'g} zt{, -3_ :yfgLo Ph]06sf] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ btf{ k|df0fkq / lghn] Ph]06 x'g :jLsf/ u/]sf] kq . -@_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ g]kfnleq cfˆgf] s'g} Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm gu/]sf] ePdf b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg{]5 M– -s_ af]nkq ;fy bflvnf ug{'kg{] w/f}6L /sd :yfgfGt/0f, x:tfGt/0f / ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL u/]sf] k|df0f, -v_ ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL ubf{ s'g} g]kfnL JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] a}Í vftf k|of]u u/]sf] eP To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfd tyf 7]ufgf / cfk}+mn] NofO{ ;6xL u/]sf] eP a}Ísf] k|df0f . -#_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfsf] tkm{af6 Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df plNnlvt Joxf]/f k|i6 v'nfpg' kg{]5 . &#= af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg M -!_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] Psk6s k]z u/]sf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj lkmtf{ lng jf ;+zf]wg ug{ rfx]df af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do ;dfKt x'g' cufj} l;naGbL lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg vfdsf] aflx/L efudf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v u/L ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] ljifo,
62 -v_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ug{] sfof{no jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -u_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] jf lkmtf{ dfu ul/Psf] ljifo, / -3_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]Ng] lbg / ;dodf dfq vf]Ng' kg{] Joxf]/f . &$= af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw M -!_sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw b]xfo adf]lhd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] nflu gAa] lbg, -v_ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L hlt;'s} nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] nflu Ps ;o aL; lbg . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwsf] u0fgf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldltaf6 k|f/De x'g]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sDkgLn] af]nkq vf]n]kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg' kg]{ ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ a9fpg ;Sg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpFbf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfsf] d~h'/L lng' kg]{5 . af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg] jf ga9fpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5g . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg d~h'/ ug]{ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fP hlQs} cjlw a9fpg' kg]{5 . -^_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd d~h'/L glbg] af]nkqbftfsf] hdfgt lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLn] af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwleq} vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . &%= af]nkq hdfgt tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt M -!_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy pkljlgdo -@_ adf]lhd x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] gub jf a}Í Uof/]G6Lsf] af]nkq hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg{]5 . o:tf] /sdsf] gub hdfgt jf a}Í Uof/]G6L k|To]s af]nkq ;fy 5'§f 5'§} bflvnf ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd a'emfpg' kg{] af]nkq hdfgt jfkt :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg /sdsf] b'O{ b]lv tLg k|ltzt /sdsf] ;Ldfleq /xL u0fgf ul/Psf] lglZrt /sdsf] dflyNnf] xhf/ cÍ k'¥ofO{ ls6fg u/L af]nkqsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{' kg{]5 .
63 t/, nfut cg'dfg gx'g] jf v'nfpg g;lsg] jf v'nfpg pko'Qm gx'g] cj:yfdf saf]n cÍsf] b'O{ bzdnj kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] /sdsf] af]nkq hdfgt /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg afwf kg]{ 5}g . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq hdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw af]nkqsf] dfGo cjlweGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg eGbf a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ af]nkqbftfn] s'g} vf; jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt u|fXo x'g] gx'g] eGg] s'/f v'nfO{ lbg sDkgLnfO{ cg'/f]w u/]df sDkgLn] ;f] ;DaGwdf tTsfn} hjfkm lbg' kg]{5 . -%_ ljb]zL a}Ín] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt g]kfnleqsf] jfl0fHo a}Ín] k|lt–k|Tofe"lt (Counter Guarantee) u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -^_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt b]xfosf] cj:yfdf hkmt x'g]5 M– -s_ af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwleq af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;+zf]wg jf lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]df, -v_ af]nkqdf b]lvPsf] cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L ;RofOPsf] s'/f af]nkqbftfn] :jLsf/ gu/]df, -u_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt zt{ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df, -3_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ Dofbleq lbg g;s]df, -ª_ af]nkq k/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf dfu ul/Psf] s'g} hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqsf] d"No jf ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g u/]df, -r_ ljlgod !)# adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]df . -&_ s'g} af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ePsf] cj:yfdf sDkgLn] lghn] /fv]sf] hdfgt /sd cfkm"nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{ To:tf] hdfgt hf/L ug]{ a}Í ;dIf hdfgt dfGo /xg] cjlwleq} bfjL ug'{ kg]{5 . -*_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePkl5 To:tf] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ af]nkqbftf tyf pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd hdfgt hkmt ug'{ gkg]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt sDkgLn] lkmtf{ ug{' kg]{5 . -(_ af]nkq :jLs[t ePdf af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] vl/b /sd cÍsf] lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;Def/ sfo{sf] xsdf kfFr k|ltzt / dfn;fdfg vl/bsf] xsdf bz k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd gub jf a}Í Uof/]G6Lsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt (Performance Bond) k]z ug'{ kg{]5 . t/, ;f/e"t ?kdf 36L b//]6 jf af]n cÍ saf]n ug]{ af]nkqbftf;+u sDkgLn] yk kGw| k|ltzt;Dd sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 / o;/L dfu ePsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z gePdf vl/b ;Demf}tf ul/g] 5}g . -!)_ pkljlgod -(_ adf]lhdsf] a}Í Uof/]G6L lnFbf ;DalGwt sfof{non] dfu]sf avt a}Ín] t'?Gt e''QmfgL lbg] / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{sf] cjlwe/ dfGo
64 x'g] zt{ /x]sf] Uof/]G6LnfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg] 5 . vl/b ;Demf}tf cjlwe/sf] a}Í Uof/]G6L pknAw x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf k|To]s jif{ gjLs/0f x'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{ a}Í Uof/]G6L lng ;lsg] 5 . ljb]zL a}Ín] hf/L u/]sf] Uof/]G6Lsf] xsdf g]kfnsf a}Ín] k|lt–k|Tofe"lt (Counter Guarantee) u/]sf]nfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg] 5 . -!!_ pkljlgod -(_ adf]lhd gub hdfgt /fv]sf]df kl5 a}Í Uof/]G6Ldf kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . -!@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd bflvnf ePsf] af]nkq hdfgt jf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt a}Í Uof/]06Lsf] ¿kdf k|fKt ePsf] eP To;sf] clen]v /fvL Dofb e'Qmfgsf] lgoGq0f ug{' kg{]5 / gubsf] ¿kdf bflvnf ePsf]df ;f] /sd sDkgLsf] a}Í vftfdf hDdf u/L ;f]sf] >]:tf /fVg' kg{]5 .
65 kl/R5]b–* af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:Yff &^= af]nkqdf sf/jfxL gx'g] M b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /Lt gk'u]sf] af]nkqdf sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g M– -s_ ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 laqmL ePsf] af]nkq kmf/fd e/L gcfPsf] jf af]nkq kmf/fdsf] lgwf{l/t z'Ns e'QmfgL gul/Psf], -v_ l;naGbL eO{ gcfPsf], -u_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eO{ gcfPsf], -3_ Dofbleq bflvnf x'g gcfPsf], -ª_ af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf plNnlvt 9fFrf, dfGo cjlw / /sdsf] hdfgt gePsf], -r_ ;+o'Qm pkj|mddf sfd ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk k]z gu/]sf], -5_ lkmtf{ lnPsf] af]nkq, -h_ ljlgod *^ sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd c:jLs[t jf /2 ePsf af]nkq, -em_ ljlgod *^ sf] pkljlgodx? -@_, -#_, -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L / an k|of]u u/L bflvnf ePsf af]nkq, -`_ af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] cGo zt{x¿ k"/f gu/]sf] . &&= d"NofÍg ;ldlt M -!_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] cfzo kq jf k|:tfj jf l;naGbL b/efpkq k/LIf0f / d"NofÍg ug{ sfof{nosf] k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;DalGwt ljifosf] lj1, n]vftk{msf] k|ltlglw / ;DalGwt ljefu jf sfof{nosf] k|ltlglw ;d]t /xg] u/L Ps d"NofÍg ;ldlt u7g ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] sfof{no k|d'vsf] :jls[lt lnO{ sfdsf] k|s[lt / cfjZostf cg';f/ cfkmgf] a}7sdf ;DalGwt ljz]if1 jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltnfO{ k/fdz{bftfsf] ;xof]u cfjZos ePdf :jLs[t sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnLsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . -$_ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 tof/ u/L /fVg' kg{]5 / ;ldltdf 5nkmn ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ljifosf] kmfOn v8f u/L /fVg' kg{]5 . -%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'' kg]{5 .
66 -^_ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw ;f] ;ldlt cfk}+mn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . &*= af]nkq k/LIf0f M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod &! adf]lhd vf]n]sf] af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] nflu d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ug{' cl3 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfosf s'/fx¿ lgSof{}n ug{ af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] k'i6ofO{+ ug{] sfuhftx¿ k]z eP jf gePsf], -v_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'¿k af]nkq k"0f{ eP jf gePsf] / af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ af]nkq ;fy hdfgt k]z ug{'kg{] eP af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 9fFrf / dfGo cjlwsf] hdfgt ;+nUg eP jf gePsf], -3_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg / ;f]xL sfuhftdf ;+nUg vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{ cg'¿k af]nkq ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL eP jf gePsf] . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f ubf{ b]xfPsf s'/fx¿ k/LIf0f ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglw jf :yfgLo Ph]G6nfO{ lbPsf] clVtof/gfdfsf] sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -v_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cfjZos eP ;f] k]z eP jf gePsf], -u_ af]nkqbftfsf] / lghn] pNn]v u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] u|fXotf (Eligibility) k|dfl0ft ug{] sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -3_ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfjZos sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -ª_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft adf]lhd b/ ljZn]if0f k]z ug{'kg{] eP To:tf] b/ ljZn]if0f k]z eP jf gePsf], -r_ af]nkqbftf JolQmut ?kdf jf ;+o'Qm pks|dsf] ;fem]bf/sf] ?kdf Ps eGbf a9L af]nkqdf ;+nUg eP jf gePsf], -5_ af]nkqbftf ljlgod !)$ sf] pkljlgod -@_, -#_, -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng cof]Uo eP jf gePsf], -h_ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] sfof{noaf6 las|L ePsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq k]z eP gePsf], -em_ ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf cfkm}+n] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft e/L k]z u/] jf gu/]sf], /
67 -`_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -$_ sDkgLn] o; ljlgod adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f ug{] l;nl;nfdf af]nkqbftf;Fu cfjZos hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd dfu u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn] sDkgLnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 / To;/L hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqsf] d"No jf cGo ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g jf x]/k]m/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -^_ k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f eO{ cfXjfg ePsf] af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf k"j{of]Uotf cg'¿k 5 jf 5}g k/LIf0f ug{' kg{]5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd of]Uotf k/LIf0f ubf{ k"j{of]Uotf cg'¿ksf] of]Uotf ;f/e"t¿kdf 36L ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq /2 ug{'kg]{5 . -*_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ af]nkqdf s'g} cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L kfOPdf sDkgLn] To:tf] q'6L ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L q'6L ;RofpFbf PsfO{ b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf PsfO{ b/ dfGo x'g]5 / ;f]xL b/ adf]lhd s'n /sd ;Rofpg' kg{]5 . -(_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] PsfO{ b//]6 /sd cÍ / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd dfGo x'g]5 . -!)_ pkljlgod -*_ jf -(_ adf]lhd q'6L ;RofOPsf]df To;/L q'6L ;RofOPsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 . -!!_ af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf] af]nkqdf xf8{slk / ;ˆ6slkdf plNnlvt PsfO{ (Bill of Quantity) / d"No b/ tyf s'n d"Nodf km/s k/]df xf8{slkdf plNnlvt PsfO{ / d"No b/ tyf s'n d"NonfO{ dfGotf lbOg]5 . &(= af]nkq d"NofÍg M -!_ ljlgod &^ adf]lhd sf/jfxL gx'g] egL 5'6ofO{Psf af]nkq afx]s bflvnf ePsf cGo af]nkqx? d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;dfj]z ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf] cj:yfdf k"j{ of]Uo ePsf af]nkqbftf afx]s cGo af]nkqbftfaf6 k|fKt af]nkqnfO{ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd x'g] d"NofÍgdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g . -#_ af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . -$_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt If]q, u'0f:t/, ljz]iftf, zt{, sfo{ ;Dkfbg jf cGo s'g} cfjZostfdf tflTjs km/s / uDeL/ c;/ gkg{] sDkgLnfO{ :jLsfo{ ;fgfltgf km/s (Minor Deviations) ePsf af]nkqx¿nfO{ ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL (Substantially Responsive) af]nkq dflgg]5 / To:tf af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ nfutdf s'g} k|efj kg{] ePdf To:tf] k|efjsf] d"No ;dfg cfwf/df sfod u/L af]nkqsf] saf]n cÍdf ;dfof]hg u/L af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd lgsfNg' kg{]5 .
68 -%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;fgfltgf km/ssf] d"No sfod ubf{ ;DalGwt sfdsf] nfut cg'dfg jf k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf Aofhb/sf] cfwf/df sfod ug{' kg{]5 . To:tf] nfut cg'dfg, k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf Aofh b/ lglZrt gePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL cfO6dsf] cGo ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqdf pNn]v ePsf] d"Nosf] cf};tsf cfwf/df sfod ug{' kg]{5 . -^_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;fgfltgf km/ssf] d"No af]nkqbftfsf] af]n cÍsf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L ePdf To:tf] af]nkq ;f/e"t ¿kdf ck|efju|fxL ePsf] dflgg]5 / To:tf] af]nkqnfO{ d"NofÍgdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g . -&_ pkljlgod -$_ / -%_ tyf ljlgod *), *! / *@ adf]lhd lgsflnPsf] af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd af]nkqsf] t'ngf ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq k|of]u x'g]5 / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] d"Nodf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g . -*_ af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf cg';f/ ug{' kg{]5 / To;/L d"NofÍg ubf{ k|To]s af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd csf{] af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd;Fu t'ngf u/L Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkq lgwf{/0f ug{' kg{]5 . -(_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k eP gePsf] hfFr ug{' kg{]5 . -!)_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf hfFr ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] af]nkq Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dflgg]5 . o;/L hfFr ubf{ To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k ePsf] gkfOPdf lghsf] af]nkq d"NofÍgaf6 x6fO qmdzM csf{] Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] hfFr ;f]xL cfwf/df ug{' kg{]5 . -!!_ af]nkqsf] d"nk|lt / k|ltlnlkdf d"No jf cGo s'g} s'/fdf leGgtf kfOPdf d"n k|ltdf pNn]v ePsf] d"No jf s'/f dfGo x'g]5 . *)= af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] If]q, -v_ d'Vo d'Vo dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, sfo{ ;~rfng tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg ljz]iftfx¿ (Operating and Performance Characteristics), / -u_ jf/]06Lsf] ;dofjlw . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt s'/f / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] s'/fdf s'g} leGgtf kfOPdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] leGgtf ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg{]5 .
69 -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] leGgtfsf] d"No af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf u/L sfod ug'{ kg{]5 . *!= af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg ePkl5 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf cfk"lt{ jf ;DkGg ug{] cjlw, -v_ e'QmfgLsf] zt{, -u_ af]nkqbftfn] ;dodf sfd ;DkGg gu/] jfkt ltg{'kg{] k"j{lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{, -3_ k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL af]nkqbftfsf] bfloTj, -ª_ af]nkqbftfn] k"/f ug{' kg]{ bfloTj, -r_ af]nkqbftfn] k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGo s'g} zt{ yk u/]sf] eP To:tf] zt{ . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt s'/f / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] s'/f hfFrL s'g} leGgtf kfOPdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] leGgtf ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] leGgtfsf] d"No sfod ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf u/L sfod ug{' kg{]5 . *@= af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ePkl5 To:tf] af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kIfsf cfjZos s'/fx¿ ;lxt b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]tsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd d"No lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd sfod ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ cfGtl/s 9'jfgL vr{, -v_ k|fljlws ljz]iftf . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd k|fljlws ljz]iftfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt vl/b ;DaGwL Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmn (Output) eGbf a9L b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] af]nkq k]z ePsf]df d"NofÍg ;ldltn] Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] dfq d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . -$_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf :jb]zL dfn;fdfg / :yfgLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] s'/f pNn]v ePsf] cj:yfdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] :jb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lbOg] k|fyldstfsf] /sd u0fgf u/L
70 To:tf] /sd ljb]zL af]nkqbftfsf] saf]n cÍdf hf]8L d"NoflÍt cÍ sfod ug{' kg{]5 . -%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkqbftfn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] hu]8f kf6{k'hf{sf ;DaGwdf ljrf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . af]nkqbftfn] eljiodf hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ egL af]nkqdf zt{ /flvPsf] eP To:tf kf6{k"hf{sf] d"No af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g . -^_ af]nkq kmf/fddf pNn]lvt Jofj;flos / k|fljlws k|:tfjdf s'g} klg k|d'v km/s (Major Deviations) gePsf] af]nkqnfO{ ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dfgL cfly{s d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . *#= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkqsf] ljz]if d"NofÍg M -!_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ljlgodx? *), *! / *@ df pNn]lvt s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{ of]hgf, sfo{ ;Dkfbg tflnsf / kl/rfng ;do af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] eP jf gePsf], -v_ af]nkqbftfn] lan ckm SjflG66Ldf ;+nUg cfO6dsf] nflu pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO{ b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf], -u_ saf]n cÍ b]xfosf] sf/0fn] c;Gt'lnt eP jf gePsf] M– -c_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] k|f/lDes r/0fdf ug{' kg{] sfdsf] cfO6dsf] nflu af]nkqbftfn] c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n], jf -cf_ af]nkqbftfn] lan ckm SjflG66Lsf] s'g} cfO6ddf Go"g cg'dfg ePsf] egL ljZjf; u/]sf] cfO6dsf] nflu lghn] c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n] . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf jf af]nkqbftfn] ;Gtf]ifhgs ?kdf sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] u/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] If]q jf k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg unt ¿kdf a'lem jf ga'lem c:jfefljs Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf k|f/lDes r/0fdf ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu a9L b/n] pNn]v u/]sf] (Front Loading) 5 jf 5}g eGg] s'/f d"NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ug{' kg{]5 . To;/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] cj:yfdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu b/ ljZn]if0f ;xLtsf] :ki6Ls/0f dfu ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd dfu]sf] :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs ePdf To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu lghsf] saf]n cÍsf] bz k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lnO{ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] l;kmfl/; ug{ / To:tf] :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf To:tf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ sfof{nonfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .
71 -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd lnOPsf] yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt clGtd lan e'QmfgL ePkl5 lkmtf{ ug{' kg{]5 . *$= k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'kg]{ M d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfosf s'/f v'nfO{ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd u/]sf] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg{]]5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ ljlgod &* sf] pkljlgod -@_, -#_, -$_ / -^_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ kfOPsf cfwf/x¿, -u_ af]nkqbftfx¿sf] s'n saf]n /sd, d"NoflÍt /sd / d'b|f, -3_ ljlgod ^$ sf] pkljlgod -$_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd af]nkq t'ngf ug{ k|of]u ePsf] d'b|f / af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ldltsf] ljlgdo b/sf] cfwf/df sfod ePsf] /sd, -ª_ ljlgod &* sf] pkljlgod -*_ / -(_ adf]lhd q'6L ;RofPsf] eP To:tf] q'6L ;RofO{ sfod ePsf] s'n saf]n /sd / d'b|f, -r_ af]nkqbftfn] d"Nodf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] s'/f cfly{s k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] 5'6 /sd ;dfof]hg u/]sf] s'/f, -5_ ljlgod &( sf] pkljlgod -$_ / -!)_ tyf ljlgod *@ sf] pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf .
72 kl/R5]b–( af]nkqsf] :jLs[tL / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf *%= af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L / lghsf] st{Jo M -!_ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/ af]nkqsf] /sdsf] cfwf/df kl/R5]b–!@ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] clwsf/L cfkm}+n] af]nkq :jLs[t ug{ gldNg] ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f pNn]v u/L lgheGbf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg{]5 . -#_ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/Lsf] st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhdsf] x'g]5 M– -s_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf af]nkqx¿ dWo] o; ljlgodfjnLn] tf]s]sf] d"NofÍgsf cfwf/x¿ k"/f u/]sf] ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkq :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . -v_ s]xL af]nkqx¿ jf Pp6f dfq af]nkq ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ jf k"gM af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -u_ ljlgod &^ adf]lhdsf] /Lt gk'u]sf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . -3_ af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ePsf] cfwf/sf] ;"rgf ;a} af]nkqbftfx¿nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -ª_ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L jf ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq c:jLs[t jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 eO{ k'gM af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ To;/L af]nkq c:jLs[t jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 x'gfsf] sf/0fsf] ;dLIff u/L cfjZostfg';f/ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, nfut cg'dfg tyf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿df x]/k]m/ ;d]t ug{' kg{]5 . -r_ af]nkq d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg k]z x'g cfPsf] a9Ldf tL; lbgleq af]nkq :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . ;f] cjlwleq af]nkq :jLs[t ug{ g;lsPdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clws[tnfO{ hgfp lbO{ To:tf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . *^= af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{] jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{] M -!_ sDkgLn] b]xfosf s'g} cj:yfdf ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ ljlgod &* adf]lhd af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ s'g}klg af]nkq ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, jf -v_ ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqsf] af]n cÍ nfut cg'dfgeGbf ;f/e"t ¿kdf a9L ePdf, jf
73 -u_ cf}lrTo / sf/0faf6 k'i6ofO{+ eO{ dfu ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf cfjZos gePdf . -@_ s[lqd k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L cfk;L ldnf]dtf]df (Cartelling) af]nkq lbPsf] jf ;+zf]wg u/]sf] b]lvPdf To;/L ldnf]dtf] ug{]sf] af]nkq /2 u/L w/f}6L hkmt ul/g]5 . -#_ ldnf]dtf] jf cfly{s k|nf]eg lbO{ jf k|lt:kwL{nfO{ an k|of]u u/L k|lt:kwf{af6 jl~rt u/fPsf] s'/f vl/b ;Demf}tf eO{ sfo{ z'? ePkl5 klg v'Ng cfO{ k|dfl0ft ePdf vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{]sf] vl/b ;Demf}tf /2 u/L w/f}6L / cGo /sd hkmt ul/g]5 . -$_ cfk;df ldn]/ af]nkq /fv]sf] eGg] s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf s;}n] k|df0f ;lxt ph"/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . 5fglagaf6 ph"/ ;To 7xl/g uPdf pkljlgod -@_ / - #_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . -%_ vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{] p2]Zon] cGo k|lt:kwL{nfO{ s'g} k|sf/n] af]nkq k|:t't ug{ s;}n] /f]s]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf af]nkqbftfaf6 bflvnf ePsf] af]nkq /2 u/L lghn] /fv]sf] w/f}6L /sd hkmt ul/g]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL ;ldltåf/f ul7t ;DalGwt ljifosf] pk;ldltn] ug{]5 . *&= cg'lrt k|efjdf kfg{ / kg{ gx'g] M s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cfˆgf] jf c¿ s;}sf] af]nkqsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} lsl;dsf] cg'lrt k|efj kfg{ jf bafa lbg k|of; u/] u/fPdf To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ ;lsg] 5 / o;/L af]nkq c:jLs[t ul/Pdf ;f]sf] clen]v /fVg jf /fVg nufpg' kg{]5 . af]nkq d"NofÍg / lg0f{o ug{] k|lqmofdf ;+nUg sd{rf/L To:tf] k|efjdf k/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] sd{rf/L pk/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL x'g]5 . **= af]nkqsf] :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf M -!_ sDkgLn] ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqx? dWo] Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkq dfq :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 . To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / /sdsf] hfgsf/L cGo af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg{]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgsf] cjlwleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s pkljlgdo -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ kGw| lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{sf] nflu sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf ug{ ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 . ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/]sf] kGw| lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L ;Sg' kg{]5 .
74 -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/L af]nkqbftf ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf lghsf] af]nkq hdfgt /sd hkmt u/L ;f] eGbf nuQ} kl5sf] csf{] ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . ;f] af]nkqbftf klg sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf To; kl5sf] ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq qmdzM :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] tL; lbgleq af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] s'g} af]nkqbftfn] lghsf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] sf/0fsf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt sfof{non] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . -^_ af]nkqbftfn] ljlgod &% sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd /fv]sf] af]nkq hdfgt /sd o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] sfd ;dfKt geP;Dd lkmtf{ lbOg] 5}g . -&_ af]nkq :jLs[lt ePkl5 o; ljlgodfjnLdf pNn]v ul/Psf cGo s'/fx¿sf] cltl/Qm vl/b ;Demf}tfdf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft jf l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fddf plNnlvt zt{x¿ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . -*_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePkl5 af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jf d"NofÍgsf] kl/0ffd ;lxtsf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6 tyf ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF;u/L ;fj{hlgs ug{' kg{]5 . -(_ s'g} af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] jf gug{] ;jf{lwsf/ sDkgLdf ;'/lIft /xg]5 . *(= vl/b ;Demf}tf / ;f]sf zt{x? M -!_ sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd km'6s/ vl/b afx]s cGo vl/b ubf{ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft jf l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fddf plNnlvt zt{x? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf zt{x? ;Demf}tfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5g M– -s_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf kIfx?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf, kmf]g, kmofS; gDa/, O{d]n 7]ufgf / ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;Dks{ /fVg] JolQm, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{ If]q, -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf /x]sf lnvtx?sf] ljj/0f / k|fyldstfsf] qmd, -3_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg tflnsf, -ª_ cfk"lt{ ;do, sfo{;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{ ;do jf Dofb yk ug{ ;lsg] g;lsg] Joj:yf, -r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] /sd jf ;f] lgwf{/0f ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jf :jLsf/ x'g] zt{x?,
75 -h_ k]ZsL e'QmfgL, ljb]zL d'b|fsf] e'QmfgL nufot e'QmfgLsf zt{ / tl/sf, -em_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL (Force Majeure), -`_ d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -6_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;zf]wg / e]l/P;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -7_ aLdf cfjZos ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -8_ cfjZos kg]{ hdfgt, -9_ lgwf{l/t cjlwdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ -lnlSj8]6]8 8ofd]h_, -0f_ vl/b ;Demf}tf /2 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf, -t_ ;a sG6«ofS6 ug{ ;lsg] jf g;lsg] Joj:yf, -y_ ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] ;+oGq, -b_ nfu" x'g] sfg"g, / -w_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . ()= ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ubf{ sDkgLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf sfdx? ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ePkl5 ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL;Fu cfjZos eP a}7s -kf]i6 lj8 sGkm|]G;_ ug]{, -v_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL sfo{of]hgf / sfo{tflnsf tof/ ug{], -u_ ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ adf]lhd ;doleq} k|lttkq vf]Ng] Joj:yf ug]{, -3_ cfjZos ePdf ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog 6f]nL u7g ug]{, -ª_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog sfo{ of]hgf cg';f/ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfo{fGjogsf] k|ult cg'udg ug]{ / u'0f:t/ kIfsf] lg/LIf0f / k/LIf0f ug]{, -r_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lgdf{0f sfo{:yn ;'Dkg] / ;f] :yn;Dd kxF'rsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg], vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] x]/km]/, e]l/Pzg cfb]z, d"No ;dfof]hg, vl/b ;Demf}tf lgnDjg jf cGt, sfo{ ;DkGg k|df0fLs/0f, e'QmfgL cflbsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, -5_ sDkgL / cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL aLr s'g} ljjfb pTkGg eP To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] pkfo ckgfpg], ;Demf}tf pNn+3g ePsf] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt pkrf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg';f/ sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg], -h_ ah]6 / nfut n]vf -Cost Accounting_ sf] kIf nufot ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] ljQLo kIfsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,
76 -em_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhft l;nl;nfa¢ / Jojl:yt 9+un] /fVg], -`_ ;Dkfbg ePsf] sfd :jLs[t ug]{, / -6_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] cfjlws k|ltj]bg Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug]{ . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ lgsfon] cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt clwsf/df k|lts'n c;/ gkg]{ u/L] gS;f, :k]l;lkms]zg / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ cg';f/ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . (!= aLdf u/fpg' kg{] M -!_ bz nfv ¿k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf lgdf{0f Joj:ffoL jf cfk"lt{stf{n] aLdf u/fpg'kg]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] ;Demf}tf u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf z'? x'g] ldltb]lv dd{t cjlw;Dd nfu" x'g] u/L lgDgfg';f/sf] hf]lvdsf] nflu aLdf u/]sf] k|df0f sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg{]5 . o:tf] aLdfsf] aLdfÍ af]nkq kmf/fddf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -s_ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, k|of]u ul/g] d]lzg, cf}hf/ jf Knf06 nufot lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k"0f{ k|lt:yfkg vr{, :ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ævr{Æ eGgfn] gfkmf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -v_ k]zfut z'Ns, lgdf{0f sfo{sf] s'g} efu eTsfpg, x6fpg tyf s'+8f ss{6 jf v]/ uPsf] ;fdu|L x6fpgsf] nflu nfUg] vr{ nufot xfgL jf gf]S;fgL eP jfkt x'g] vr{ jf ;f] ;DaGwL cfg'ifflËs vr{ ;d]6gsf nflu v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] k|lt:yfkg vr{sf] kGw| k|ltzt /sd jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt eP adf]lhdsf] cltl/Qm /sd, -u_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] lgdf{0f :yndf NofPsf] cfkmgf] pks/0f / cGo j:t'sf] lgdf{0f :yndf k|lt:yfkg ug{ nfUg] kof{Kt /sd, -3_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lgdf{0f :yn ;'lDkPsf] ldltb]lv x:tfGt/0f k|df0fkq hf/L ul/g] ldlt;Dd lgdf{0f sfo{sf] s'g} v08 jf c+zdf pkljlgod -#_ df pNn]v ePsf] sf/0f afx]s cGo h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 x'g] ;a} xfgL gf]S;fgL, -ª_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] b]xfosf bfloTjx? M– -!_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] q'6L ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlwdf cfkmgf] bfloTj kfng ug]{ qmddf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL, /
77 -@_ q'6L ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlw k|f/De x'g' cl3 pTkGg ePsf] s'g} sf/0faf6 q'6L ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlwdf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL . -#_ o; ljlgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] aLdfaf6 b]xfosf sf/0faf6 ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf Ifltsf] nflu bfloTj jxg ug'{ kg]{ 5}g M– -s_ o'4, zq'tf jf cfqmd0f, -v_ ljb«f]x, qmflGt, laKnj jf ;}lgs zf;g jf u[x o'4, -u_ ljls/0fsf] km}nfj6, cf0fljs OGwgsf] ljls/0f jf Hjngaf6 pTkGg cf0fljs kmf]x/ jf ljls/0fo'Qm ljiffbL ljikmf]6 jf cGo xflgsf/s tTjx?sf] ljikmf]6 jf cf0fljs ;+of]hg jf ;f]sf] cf0fljs c+zsf] k|b'if0f, / -3_ ltj| Wjlgs ultdf p8g] xjfO{ hxfh jf xjfO{ oGqåf/f >[lht jfo'sf] rfk . -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ jf To;df /x]sf] s'g} q'6L ;'wf/ ubf{ ePsf] jf To:tf sfo{sf] kl/0ffd :j?k ePsf] b]xfosf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jfktsf] Ifltk"lt{sf] bfjL / To:tf] bfjL ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ tyf b:t'/ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ rf]6k6s nfu]df jf lghsf] d[To' ePdf, jf -v_ lgdf{0f sfo{df afx]s sfo{ ;~rfng / ;DkGgsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;DklQdf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL . -%_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{n] dfn;fdfg vl/bdf dfn;fdfgsf] l;=cfO{=kL= (Carriage and Insurance Paid to) d"Nosf] sDtLdf Ps;o bz k|ltzt /sd a/fa/sf] uf]bfdb]lv uf]bfd;Dd o'4, x8tfn / cfuhgL ;d]tsf] ;a} hf]vLd Joxf]g]{ u/L aLdf u/fpg' kg]{5 . -^_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lagf aLdfsf zt{x¿df s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . (@= vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg M -!_ sfdsf] u'0f:t/, Ifdtf, kl/df0f, cfo' / k|fljlws ljz]iftfdf s'g} c;/ gkg]{ s'/f ljlgod ^$ sf] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 olsg u/L u/fO{ sfdsf] cfwf/e"t k|s[lt jf If]q kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L b'j} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltaf6 vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s sDkgLnfO{ cfly{s ef/ ga9g] u/L vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -@_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yf ljBdfg ePdf pkljlgod -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL dfn;fdfgsf] pTkQLsf] d"n's (Country of Origin) kl/jt{g u/L ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ePkl5 ;f] ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbg ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] b]zdf aGb ePsf], jf
78 -v_ cGo sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL (Force Majeure) k/L ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] b]zaf6 cfk"lt{ x'g g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfn;fdfgsf] pTkQLsf] d"n's (Country of Origin) kl/jt{g u/L ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ubf{ pTkfbssf] pTkfbg tyf cfk"lt{ >[Înf (Production and Supply Chain) k|dfl0ft x'g' kg]{ / ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt a|f08, :k]lzlkms]zg, Ifdtf / u'0f:t/ cg'?ks} dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfn;fdfgsf] a|f08 ;d]t kl/jt{g x'g] ePdf sDkgLnfO{ cfly{s ef/ ga9g] u/L pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -%_ sDkgLsf] lxt x'g] olsg ePdf pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -$_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ubf{ cku|]8]8 e;{g jf :k]lzlkms]zg tyf pRr Ifdtf / u'0f:t/sf] dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;lsg]5 . -^_ ljlgod (# adf]lhd e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ubf{ jf ljlgod ($ adf]lhd d"No ;dfof]hg ubf{ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ 5}g . (#= e]l/P;g cfb]z M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s vl/b ;Demf}tf ubf{sf avt k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsPsf] kl/l:ylt ;f] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ;[hgf eO{ k|fljlws sf/0faf6 To:tf] sfo{sf] kl/df0fdf yk, 36 ug{ jf gofF cfO6d yKg jf ;§f ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f]sf] :ki6 sf/0f v'nfO{ k|fljlws k'i6ofO{+ lnO{ e]l/P;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd hf/L ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] cfwf/e"t k|s[lt jf If]q kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L ug{' kg{], -v_ ah]6sf] Joj:yf ePsf] x'g' kg]{, / -u_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnPsf] x'g' kg]{ . -#_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt b//]6eGbf a9L b//]6 x'g] u/L e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{' x'Fb}g . a9L b//]6 x'g] u/L e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{' kg{] ePdf cfO6dsf] b/ ;d]t ljZn]if0f u/L Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg{]5 . -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] vl/bdf gofF cfO6d yk ug{'kg{] ePdf sDkgLn] To:tf] gofF cfO6dsf] b/ ;d]t ljZn]if0f u/L b//]6 lgwf{/0f ug{' kg{]5 . -%_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? :ki6 ¿kdf v'nfpg' kg{]5 M– -s_ e]l/Pzgsf] k|s[lt, 7"nf cfO6d, ;fgf cfO6d, -v_ Dofb yk ug{' kg{] jf gkg{] / kg{] eP slt lbg ug'{kg{],
79 -u_ e]l/Pzg ul/Psf cfO6dsf] b//]6 lan ckm SjfG6L6Lsf] cfO6dsf] b//]6 eGbf 36La9L, -3_ cBfjlws k]m/abn hDdf ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] slt k|ltzt ePsf], / -ª_ e]l/Pzg cfb]zkl5sf] hDdf–hDdL /sd z'? ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] slt k|ltzt x'g] . -^_ s'g} sf/0fn] ;do cefj eO{ jf cfsl:ds sfo{ ug{'kg{] cj:yf cfO{ t'?Gt yk sfd u/fpg k/]df sfof{non] Ps tx dflysf clwsf/Laf6 k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ e]l/Pzg sfo{ cufl8 a9fpg ;Sg]5 . -&_ ;Demf}tfdf gk/]sf yk gofF sfo{sf] lx;fa ubf{ z'? nfut cg'dfg / :jLs[t ;Demf}tf d"Nodf hlt k|ltztn] sd ePsf] 5 ;f]xL k|ltztsf] cfwf/df yk gofF sfo{sf] nfutsf] cg'dfg /sddf 36fO{ e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . z'? nfut cg'dfg /sdeGbf :jLs[t ;Demf}tf d"No a9L ePdf yk gofF sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg /sddf ga9g] u/L e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu M z'? nfut cg'dfg Psnfv ?k}ofF /x]sf] / ;Demf}tf d"No gAa] xhf/ ?k}ofF ePsf] cj:yfdf z'? nfut cg'dfg eGbf :jLs[t ;Demf}tf d"Nodf bzk|ltztn] sd ePsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf olb yk gofF sfo{sf] nfutsf] cg'dfg /sd bz xhf/ ?k}ofF x'g cfof] eg] ;f] /sddf bz k|ltztsf b/n] /sd 36fO{ afFls x'g] /sd gf} xhf/ e'QmfgL ul/g] 5 . t/, ;Demf}tf d"No Ps nfv bz xhf/ ?k}ofF /x]5 eg] yk sfdsf] nflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF g} e'QmfgL ug{' kg{]5 . ($= vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hg M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s kGw| dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{] qmddf d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] jf g;lsg] Joj:yf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft / vl/b ;Demf}tfdf :ki6 v'nfpg' kg{]5 . t/, lgdf{0f sfo{df /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg eO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf s'g} lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] d"No ;fljs d"Nosf] bz k|ltzt;Dd 36a9 ePdf d"Nodf s'g} ;dfof]hg ul/g] 5}g . ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf s'g} lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] d"No ;fljs d"Nosf] bz k|ltzteGbf a9L 36a9 ePdf To;/L bz k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf] k|ltztsf] b/df dfq d"No ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 . -@_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hgsf] Joj:yf ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ d"No ;dfof]hg ug]{ cj:yf, -v_ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;"q, o; v08 adf]lhd ;"q lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DkGg ePsf] sfddf nfu]sf] >d, ;fdu|L / pks/0fx?sf] dfq d"No ;dfof]hg x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
80 -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ;"qdf k|of]u ul/g] d"Nosf] ;+/rgf ->d, pks/0f, ;fdu|L, O{Gwgsf] d"No cflb_, -3_ d"No ;dfof]hgsf] clwstd /sd, -ª_ k|To]s d"No ;+/rgfsf] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ k|of]u ul/g] ;Da4 d"No ;"rL (Price Indices), -r_ d"No ;"rL pNn]v ug{ k|of]u ul/g] d'b«f / e'QmfgL lbg k|of]u ul/g] d'b|f aLrsf] ljlgdo b/sf] 36a9 dfkg ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"q k|of]u ug{ lnOg] cfwf/ ldlt, -h_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"q nfu" x'g] ;dosf] cGt/fn, / -em_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"qsf] k|of]uaf6 b]lvg' kg]{ Go"gtd d"No j[l4 / d"No ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL k|fjwfg nfu" x'g k"/f x'g'kg]{ cGo zt{ tyf aGb]h . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{] JolQmsf] l9nfO{sf] sf/0faf6 ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;f] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlwleq ;DkGg geO{ a9L ;do nfu]sf]df jf Psd'i6 sfo{ ;Dkfbg (Lumpsum Contract) jf lglZrt ah]6sf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf]df d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -$_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd ul/g] d"No ;dfof]hgsf] clwstd /sd z'? ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kRrL; k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] 5}g . d"No ;dfof]hgsf] /sd ;f] clwstd l;dfeGbf a9L x'g] ePdf sDkgLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{, ;Demf}tf d"NonfO{ :jLs[t ah]6leq kfg{sf] nflu lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf;Fu jftf{ ug{ jf vr{ 36fpg] cGo pkfo cjnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 . (%= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ug{] M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;DalGwt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] Dofb yk u/L lbg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ cfk"lt{stf{sf] sfa' aflx/sf] ljz]if kl/l:ylt jf s'g} dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f k/]df, / -v_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sDkgLn] k"/f ug{'kg{] bfloTj k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] cfkm"nfO{ ;'lDkPsf] sfd k"/f ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf k/]df lghn] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ sfd k"/f ug{'kg{] cjlw ;dfKt x'g'eGbf ;ftlbg cufj} ;DalGwt sfof{nodf Dofb yksf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg{]5 .
81 -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 sDkgLsf] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L hfFra'em ubf{ jf u/fpFbf lghn] b]xfosf s'/fx? ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;dod} ;DkGg ug{ e/dUb'/ k|of; u/]sf] lyof] jf lyPg, -v_ sDkgLn] ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;Demf}tf adf]lhd pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'/f pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] jf lyPg, -u_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:yltsf] sf/0faf6 sfddf l9nfO{ ePsf] xf] jf xf]Og, / -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd k"/f ug{'kg{], k"/f ePsf / afFsL sfdsf] ljj/0f . -%_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] l9nfO{sf] sf/0faf6 vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfd k"/f x'g g;s]df lghn] sDkgL;Fu u/]sf] ;Demf}tf /sd dWo] k'/f x'[g g;s]sf] sfd jf ;~rfngdf Nofpg g;s]sf] pks/0f jf ;]jf a/fa/sf] /sdsf] k|lt xKtf z'Go bzdnj kfFr k|ltztsf b/n] a9Ldf s'n ;Demf}tf /sd -d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s_ sf] bz k|ltzt;Dd xhf{gf (Liquidated Damages) Ifltk"lt{ lng] u/L Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/, s'g} sfdsf] ;DaGwdf o; pkljlgoddf plNnlvt xhf{gf /sd eGbf km/s lsl;dsf] xhf{gf nufpg' kg{] ePdf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhd xhf{gf nufpg] u/L Dofb yk ubf{ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] yk cfly{s Jooef/ bfjL ug{ gkfpg] s'/f ;d]t :ki6 v'nfO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 . -&_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ ltb{}df ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ bfloTjaf6 d'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g . (^= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{ k|ult cg'udg ug{] M vl/b ;Demf}tf ubf{ sfo{qmd / sfo{ tflnsf ;d]t ;+nUg u/L ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . sfo{ tflnsf adf]lhd jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{ adf]lhd sfd eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf sfof{no k|d'v jf cfof]hgf k|d'vn] lg/Gt/ cg'udg ug{' u/fpg' kg{]5 . o:tf] cg'udgsf] glthf q}dfl;s ¿kdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg{]5 . k|ltj]bg k|fKt ug{] clwsf/Ln] k|ltj]bg cWoog u/L cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
82 (&= k|fljlwssf] lhDd]jf/L M o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b, lgdf{0f tyf h8fg ;DaGwL sfdsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{], hfFr ug{] tyf :jLs[t 8«OË, l8hfOg tyf :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhd u'0f:t/o'Qm sfd eP gePsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f u/L hfFra'em ug{] lhDd]jf/L ;f] sfdsf] nflu sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] k|fljlws sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . (*= sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ M sfof{non] lgdf{0f tyf h8fg;DaGwL sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 b]xfo adf]lhd sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg{]5 M– -s_ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg adf]lhd lgdf{0f tyf h8fg;DaGwL sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf] sfd lgwf{l/t 8«OË, l8hfOg tyf :k]lzlkms]zg adf]lhd u'0f:t/o'Qm eP jf gePsf] k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hfFra'em u/fO{ sfo{ ;DkGgsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{' u/fpg' kg{]5 . sfof{no k|d'vn] cfjZos b]v]df k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt sfd eP gePsf] cfk}+mn] hfFra'em ug{ jf To:tf] hfFra'emsf] sfo{ ug{ k|fljlws sd{rf/L jf k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx¿sf] 6f]nL v6fpg ;Sg]5 . -v ;Demf}tf cg'?ksf] sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] rf/ dlxgfleq clgjfo{ ¿kdf sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L ;dIf k|:t't ug{' kg{]5 . t/, sfd u/fpg] clwsf/L / af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L Pp6} ePdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf ;f] k|ltj]bg k]z ug{' kg{]5 . -u_ v08 -s_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bz nfv ¿k}ofF;Ddsf] lgdf{0f tyf h8fg;DaGwL sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 To:tf] sfd sfof{no k|d'v k|fljlws eP cfk}+m+n] jf ljlgod (& df plNnlvt k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hFrfO{ :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . o;/L :jLs[t ePsf] sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;f] hfFr ug{] k|fljlws sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . -3_ sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg :jLs[t ePkl5 lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{sf] cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ sfo{ ;DkGg k|df0fkq lbg' kg{]5 . -ª_ sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg :jLs[t ePkl5 ;DkGg lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{sf] clen]v ;DalGwt sfof{non] /fvL Ps–Ps k|lt tfn's sfof{no tyf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf klg k7fpg' kg{]5 . -r_ lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 af]nkq tyf ;Demf}tfkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{sf] hfFrkf; k|ltj]bg (Acceptance Certificate) tof/ ug{' kg{]5 . To:tf] hfFrkf; jf k|ltj]bg lbg] sfo{ af]nkqsf] :k]l;lkms]zg tof/ ug{], d"NofÍg ug{] jf h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] JolQmx¿af6
83 u/fpg' x'Fb}g . t/, tLg jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;b:o /xg] hfFrkf; 6f]nLdf ljz]if1sf] lx;fan] To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+nUg u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . ((= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo / ;f]sf] pkrf/ M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;f] ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;lsg] cj:yfx¿ v'nfpg' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf cj:yfx¿ d'Vo ?kdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5g M– -s_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg gu/]df sDkgLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf, -v_ sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo (Termination by Convenience) ug{ ;Sg], -u_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;Sg], / -3_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:yltdf vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{] cfwf/df b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'/fx¿ ;lxt ljQLo km/kmf/s ug{] / Ifltk"lt{ lbg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf pNn]v ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ :jLsfo{ ¿kdf ;DkGg eO{;s]sf sfo{, cfk"lt{ jf ;]jf jfkt ug{'kg{] e'QmfgL afFsL /x]sf] eP ;f]sf] e'QmfgL, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 sDkgLn] ;f] sfd ug{ jf u/fpgsf nflu nfUg] yk vr{ jfkt lghn] Joxf]g{' kg]{ bfloTj, -u_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{btf jf ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] s'g} q'6L (Default) lagf sDkgLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo u/]sf] sf/0fn] lghn] Joxf]g{' k/]sf] jf:tljs xfgL gf]S;fgLsf] /sd . -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ePsf]df sDkgLn] ;f] ;Demf}tf cGTo x'g'eGbf cl3 ;DkGg eO;s]sf b]xfosf sfd jfktsf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{' kg{]5 M -s_ :jLsfo{ ¿kdf ;DkGg eO{;s]sf sfo{, cfk"lt{ jf ;]jf jfkt ug{'kg{] e'QmfgL afFsL eP ;f] e'QmfgL, -v_ s'g} vr{sf] e'QmfgL zf]wegf{sf] ¿kdf lbg] Joj:yf ePsf]df jf:tljs ¿kdf ePsf] To:tf] vr{,
84 -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{t sDkgLsf] nflu ljz]if ¿kdf agfO{Psf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No, lgdf{0f :yndf NofOPsf lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, -3_ lgdf{0f :ynaf6 pks/0f x6fpg nfUg] dgfl;a vr{, -ª_ u'd]sf] gfkmf / pkljlgod -#_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] /sd afx]s vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{, / -r_ cfjZos eP lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;+/If0f / ;'/Iff vr{ . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ lbPsf] ;"rgf cfk"lt{stf{n] k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq l;kd]G6sf] nflu tof/ x'g] / tof/ ePsf dfn;fdfg To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf zt{ / d"Nodf :jLsf/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ df plNnlvt dfn;fdfg afx]s cGo ;fdfgsf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] s'g} c+z k"/f u/fO{ ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt zt{ / d"Nodf k|fKt ug]{, jf -v_ afFsL /x]sf dfn;fdfgsf] cfk"lt{ cfb]z /2 ug]{ / cfk"lt{stf{n] cf+lzs ?kdf tof/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf / ;Demf}tf cGTo x'g' cufj} cfk"lt{stf{n] vl/b u/]sf] ;fdu|L jf kf6{k"hf{ jfkt cfk;L ;xdltaf6 d~h'/ ul/Psf] /sd lghnfO{ e'QmfgL ug]{ . -*_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] pNn+3g u/]df sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt x'g] pkrf/ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] pkrf/ vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug'{sf] cltl/Qm b]xfo adf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5 M– -s_ q'6Lk"0f{ sfo{ c:jLsf/ ug]{, -v_ q'6Lk"0f{ dfn;fdfg tTsfn x6fpg] / ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|lt:yfkg ug{ nufpg], -u_ ;dodf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt ug]{, -3_ ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug]{ / ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd gug]{ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] vr{df To:tf] sfo{ ;DkGg u/fpg], -ª_ cfg'ifflËs Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg], / -r_ k|rlnt sfg"g jf vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd pknAw x'g] cGo pkrf/ . !))= lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{ tyf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] M -!_ sDkgLn] lan÷ ljhssf] e'QmfgL vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] clwgdf /xL ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ sfo{ ;~rfngsf] nflu lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos jf cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ k]ZsL /sd e'QmfgL lb+bf k]ZsL /sd vfDg] u/L jfl0fHo a}Íaf6
85 hf/L ePsf] a}Í hdfgt lnO{ d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]ssf] :jLs[t ;Demf}tf /sdsf] aL; k|ltzt /sd;Dd ;Demf}tf eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{df dfq vr{ x'g] u/L e'QmfgL lbg ;lsg]5 . o;/L k]ZsL e'QmgL ul/g] s'/f ;Demf}tfsf] zt{df pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ cg'?k lnOg] a}Í hdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf] k]ZsL km5{of}6 ug'{ kg]{ cjlweGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfdsf] e'QmfgL ubf{ b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw k"/f ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ lan÷ljhssf] e'QmfgL lng cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd cfjZos kg]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] ;DkGg u/]sf] sfdsf] /Lt k"j{ssf] lan k]z u/]kl5 lghn] u/]sf] sfdsf] u'0f:t/ tyf kl/df0f 7Ls eP gePsf] ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] hfFr ug{'kg{] 5 . /Ltk"j{s lan k]z u/]sf]df ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / cGo cj:yfdf cfjZos sfuhftx? k"/f u/L sfof{nodf k]z u/]sf] a9Ldf tL; lbgleq e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ;doleq e'QmfgL x'g g;s]df sf/0f vf]nL Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/LnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg{]5 . Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] e'QmfgL x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f dgfl;a gb]v]df To:tf] sd{rf/L dfly cfjZos ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;Sg]5 . -3_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] cÍsf] kfFr k|ltzt lg/f]lwt hdfgt /sd (Retention Money) s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg{]5 . To;/L s6fOPsf] /sd / af]nkq :jLs[t x'Fbf /x]sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt /sd vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ cg';f/ sfd ;dfKt eO{ clGtd lan e'QmfgL ePsf] ldltn] ;fwf/0ftof tLg dlxgfb]lv Ps jif{;Dddf jf dd{t ;Def/ cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 jf ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ k"/f ePkl5 lkmtf{ lbg' kg{]5 . lg/f]lwt hdfgt /sd (Retention Money) lkmtf{ lbFbf ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nodf s/ ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] sfuhft lnO{ e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . -ª_ ;fdfg, ;]jf, 3/ef8f tyf dd{t vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbFbf ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ adf]lhd ug{' kg{]5 . -r_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ /lgË lan jf s/f/ adf]lhdsf] e'QmfgL jf clGtd lansf] /sd e'QmfgL lbFbf k]ZsL lbPsf] /sd
86 Pj+ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cu|Ld cfos/ s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] s6fPsf] cu|Ld cfos/ ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nodf a'emfO{ cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;d]t hgfp lbg' kg{]5 . -%_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b tyf k|flKt ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] e'QmfgL lbFbf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s6fpg' kg]{ s/ s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg{]5 . s/ gs6fO{ e'QmfgL lbPdf To;sf] hjfkmb]lxtf n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . !)!= ljjfb ;dfwfg ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgL / lgdf{0f Joj;foL cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf aLr vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf pTkGg x'g] s'g} ljjfb cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg x'g g;Sg] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ubf{ lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfgsf] cfk"lt{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf ;DaGwL ljjfb vl/b ;Demf}tfdf sfo{ljlw pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL sfo{ljlw adf]lhd / gePsf]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd dWo:ytfsf] dfWodaf6 ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ ;+oGq pNn]v ubf{ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd d"No ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg kIfx?sf] cfk;L ;xdltdf lgo'Qm lg0f{ostf{ (Adjudicator) åf/f / ;f]eGbf a9L d"No ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg tLg ;b:oLo ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltåf/f ug'{ kg]{ s'/f pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltdf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf / sDkgLn] lgo'Qm u/]sf] Ps Ps hgf ;b:o tyf To:tf b'j} ;b:on] lgo'Qm u/]sf] t];|f] JolQm cWoIf /xg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{ostf{sf] lgo'lQm tyf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltsf] u7g ;DaGwdf sDkgL / ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] aLrdf ;xdlt x'g g;s]df jf s'g} kIfn] ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltdf ;b:o lgo'Qm ug{ g;s]df vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s dWo:ytf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd lg0f{ostf{sf] lgo'lQm jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ sDkgLn] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf ljjfb pTkGg ePdf ljjfb k]z ug]{ tl/sf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] tl/sf pNn]v ubf{ sDkgL / lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf aLr cfk;L ?kdf ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf] s'g} ljjfb To:tf] sDkgL jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfdWo] s'g} Psn] ;Demf}tf d"No cg';f/ lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . To;/L ljjfb k]z ubf{
87 ;DalGwt kIfn] cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf] ljjfbsf] ljifo v'nfO{ lnlvt ?kdf bfjL / To:tf] bfjL k':6ofO{ ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -*_ pkljlgod -&_ adf]lhdsf] bfjL k|fKt ePsf] tLg lbgleq lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ To:tf] bfjL / sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk k7fO{ ;f]sf] ;DaGwdf k|ltls|of dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] bfaLsf ;DaGwdf lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] :ynut lg/LIf0f ;d]t u/L hfFra'em ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L k|fKt k|ltls|of / hfFra'em ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] cfkm" ;dIf ljjfb k]z ePsf] tL; lbgleq ;DalGwt kIfsf] bfjL k'Ug] gk'Ug] sf/0f / cfwf/ ;d]t pNn]v u/L lg0f{o lbg' kg]{5 . -(_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{odf lrQ ga'emg] kIfn] To:tf] lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tfdf sfo{ljlw pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / gePsf]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd dWo:ysf] dfWodåf/f To:tf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ kg]{5 .
88 kl/R5]b–!) kf/blz{tf tyf cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)@= sDkgLsf] vl/b sfo{df ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lsf] cfr/0f M sDkgLsf] vl/b of]hgf th{'df ug{], vl/b sf/jfxL ;~rfng ug{], vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{] jf vl/b ;DaGwL tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cGo sfd ug{] sfo{df ;+nUg s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f kfngf ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf af]nkqbftfsf] :jR5 k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L cfˆgf] st{Jo lgikIf 9Ën] kfngf ug{], -v_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] ;~rfng sDkgLsf] lxt x'g] u/L ug{], -u_ vl/b ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] sfd jf cfr/0f jf Jojxf/af6 :jfy{ aflemg] sfo{ gug{], -3_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] l;nl;nfdf cfk"mn] yfxf kfPsf] af]nkqbftfsf] ;DklQ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L nufotsf cGo ;a} hfgsf/L uf]Ko /fVg], -ª_ cfk"m kbdf axfn /xFbfsf avt vl/b sf/f]af/ u/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf, sDkgL / o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo s'g} lghL ;+:yfdf cfk"m kbaf6 cjsfz ePsf] b'O{ jif{;Dd sfd gug{], -r_ cfk"m ;+nUg ePsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf cfkmgf glhssf gft]bf/x¿n] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] ¿kdf efu lnPsf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf cfk"m eGbf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/LnfO{ t'?Gt hfgsf/L lbO{ To:tf] vl/b sf/jfxLaf6 cfk"m cnu x'g'kg{], :ki6Ls/0f Mo; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu æglhssf gft]bf/Æ eGgfn] klt, kTgL, xh'/a'af, xh'/cfdf, afa', cfdf, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, gflt, gfltgL, ;f;', ;;'/f, bfh', efO, lbbL, alxgL ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] dfdf, dfO{h', legfh", efGhf, efGhL, ;fnf, ;fnL, h]7fg HjfOFnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 . -5_ vl/b ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxL ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g ljk/Lt x'g] sfd gug{], -h_ e|i6frf/hGo jf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ jf To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g gx'g], -em_ k|lt:kwf{sf] nfeaf6 jl~rt ug]{ u/fpg] p2]Zon] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug{'eGbf cl3 jf kl5 ldnLdtf] ug{ jf u'6aGbLdf ;+nUg x'g gx'g] .
89 !)#= b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] cfr/0f M -!_ b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] of] ljlgodfjnL, vl/b ;Demf}tf tyf vl/b ;DaGwL cGo lnvtdf pNn]v eP cg'¿ksf] bfloTj kfngf ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts'n gx'g] u/L b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] vl/b k|lqmofdf jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjogdf k|efj kfg{] dg;fon] b]xfosf sfo{ ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g M– -s_ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf cg'lrt k|nf]eg lbg jf ;f]sf] k|:tfj ug{, -v_ tYo aËofO{ jf e'mSofO{ k]z ug{, -u_ e|i6frf/hGo jf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ jf To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g, -3_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxLdf s'g} lsl;dn] ;+nUg x'g] cGo k|lt:kwL{ b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] ;xeflutfdf x:tIf]k ug{, -ª_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf ;+nUg s'g} JolQmsf] hLp Hofg jf ;DklQ gf]S;fg ug{] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf wDsL lbg] sfo{ jf s/sfkhGo sfo{ ug{, -r_ b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?aLr vl/b ;DaGwL sfd afF8kmfF8 ug{] jf b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] d"No s[lqd jf ck|lt:kwL{ tl/sfn] sfod ug{] jf cGo s'g} tl/sfn] sDkgLnfO{ v'Nnf tyf :jtGq k|lt:kwf{sf] nfeaf6 jl~rt ug{] p2]Zon] b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug{'eGbf cl3 jf kl5 ldnf]dtf] ug{ jf cfk;L ldnf]dtf]df af]nkq ;+zf]wg ug{ jf u'6aGbLdf ;+nUg x'g, -5_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]n]sf] ;dob]lv b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf glbFbf;Ddsf] cjlwdf b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf k|efj kfg{] p2]Zon] sDkgL jf sDkgLsf] s'g} lgsfo;+u ;Dks{ ug{ jf b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] k/LIf0f / d"NofÍgdf s'g} lsl;dn] k|efj kfg{] sfo{ ug{ . -#_ s'g} vl/b sfo{sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf :k]lzlkms]zg tof/ ug{] jf vl/b sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ug{] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] af]nkqbftf jf lgh;+u cfj4 /x]sf] s'g} JolQm jf kmd{ jf ;+:yf jf sDkgL jf To:tf] kmd{ jf ;+:yf jf sDkgLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] vl/bsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . t/, 6g{–sL vl/b ;Demf}tf jf l8hfOg tyf lgdf{0f b'j} sfo{ ug{] u/L ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
90 !)$= sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg n]lv k7fpg] M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b/efpkqbftf, af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ lghsf] sfo{sf] ufDeLo{tfsf] cfwf/df sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg ;ldltn] vl/b P]g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nodf n]lv k7fpg]5 M– -s_ ljlgod !)# adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf, -v_ :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf ljlgod *( adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf, -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;f/e"t q'6L u/]sf] jf ;Demf}tf cg'¿ksf] bfloTj ;f/e"t ¿kdf kfngf gu/]sf] jf vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;f] ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] u'0f:t/sf] gePsf] s'/f kl5 k|dfl0ft ePdf, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf efu lng cof]Uo 7xl/g] s'g} kmf}hbf/L s;"/df cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7xl/Pdf, -ª_ of]Uotf 9fF6L jf e'mSofgdf kf/L vl/b ;Demf}tf u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf, jf -r_ ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] cGo cj:yfdf . -@_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] sfnf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] b/efpkqbftf, af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] sfnf] ;"rLdf /flvPsf] cjlw;Dd sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/; u/]sf] t/ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg] lg0f{o e}g;s]sf] b/efpkqbftf, af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] o; sDkgLsf] s'g} klg vl/b sfo{df efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . -$_ o; ljlgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] C0f glt/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfon] sfnf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] To:tf] ;"rLdf sfod /x]sf] cjlw e/ sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -@_, -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng g;Sg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lnPsf] kfOPdf lghsf] b/efpkq, af]nkq jf k|:tfj pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . -^_ sfnf] ;"rLdf /x]sf af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] sfnf] ;"rLaf6 km's'jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
91 !)%= ;~rf/sf ljlw M -!_ sDkgLn] af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ jf af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfn] sDkgLnfO{ lbg' kg{] egL of] ljlgodfjnL, af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhft jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt s'g} lnvt, ;"rgf, lg0f{o jf cGo hfgsf/L o; ljlgoddfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s lnlvt ¿kdf lbg' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k7fpFbf To:tf] ;"rgf kfpg] af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfsf] 7]ufgf kQf gnfuL jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] To:tf] ;"rgf a'emfpg g;lsPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] ljifosf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f pNn]v u/L /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf sDkgLn] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{' kg{]5 / o;/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf]df To:tf] JolQmn] /Ltk"j{s ;"rgf kfPsf] dflgg]5 . !)^= ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 vl/b sf/f]af/ x'g ;Sg] M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sDkgLn] ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{, af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf hf/L ug{, cfzokq dfu u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug{, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{, af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg, af]nkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ug{, vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{, e'QmfgL lbg / cGo ;"rgf lbg jf lng ;Sg] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWod k|of]u ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd k|of]u ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ To:tf ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;~rf/sf] ljifo j:t'sf] clen]v sfg"gL ?kdf dfGo / ;+/lIft x'g] u/L, -v_ To:tf] ;~rf/ dfWodsf] ;'/Iff kof{Kt ?kdf x'g] u/L, -u_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf af]nkqbftfsf] kx'Fr cg'lrt ?kn] lgolGqt gx'g] u/L, / -3_ o; ljlgodfjnL ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L . !)&= vl/b sf/jfxLsf] clen]v /fVg' kg{] M -!_ sDkgLn] x/]s vl/b sf/jfxLsf] lglDt 5'§} kmfOn v8f u/L /fVg' kg{]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] kmfOndf cGo sfuhftsf cltl/Qm b]xfosf sfuhftx¿ /fVg' kg{]5 M– -s_ ;Demf}tf kmfOnsf] kl~hsf, -v_ b/efpkq, af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] nflu ul/Psf] cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf, -u_ b/efpkq, af]nkq, k"j{of]Uotf jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhftx?,
92 -3_ b/efpkq, af]nkq, k"j{of]Uotf jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft ;DaGwdf b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] :ki6Ls/0fsf] nflu u/]sf] cg'/f]w / ;f] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] ;a} ;xefuL b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ k7fPsf] hjfkm, -ª_ af]nkq k]z ug{' k"j{sf] a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 / sDkgLn] ;f] dfO{Go'6sf] k|ltlnlk ;a} ;xefuL af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ k7fPsf] k|df0f, -r_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]Nbfsf] dfO{Go'6, -5_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] d"n k|lt, -h_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] l;nl;nfdf b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;f]w]sf] k|Zg / ;DalGwt b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfaf6 sDkgLnfO{ k7fPsf] hjfkm, -em_ k"j{of]Uo ePsf af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf] k|ltj]bg, -`_ k"j{of]Uo af]nkqbftfsf] ;"rL, -6_ jftf{ ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] dfO{Go'6, -7_ ;kmn b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftfnfO{ k7fOPsf] :jLs[ltsf] k|f/lDes ;"rgfsf] k|ltlnlk, -8_ c;kmn b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ k7fOPsf] ;"rgfsf] k|ltlnlk, -9_ vl/b ;DaGwdf k|sflzt ;a} ;"rgfx?, -0f_ sDkgL / k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lbPsf] lgj]bg / ;f]sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt sDkgLn] k]z u/]sf] /fo k|ltlqmof, hfgsf/L tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{o, -t_ vl/b ;Demf}tf, -y_ k|ult k|ltj]bg, lan÷ljhs / lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg h:tf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjg;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhft, -b_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] eP ;f] ;DaGwL sfuhft, -w_ dfn;fdfg k|flKt, lg/LIf0f / :jLs[lt nufotsf sfuhft, -g_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;+u ePsf ;Dk"0f{ kqfrf/, -k_ ;a–sG6«fS6/sf] cg'/f]w / ;f] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] lbPsf] hjfkm, -km_ d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg / ;f] ;+u ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftx?, / -a_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ ePsf] sf/jfxL;+u ;DalGwt sfuhft . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] clen]v vl/b sf/jfxL 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] sDtLdf ;ft jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg{]5 .
93 kl/R5]b–!! vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)*= vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg M -!_ sDkgLn] vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{o ubf{ s'g} q'6L u/]sf] jf kfngf ug{'kg{] st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf]n] cfk"mnfO{ Iflt k'Ug] jf k'Ug ;Sg] sf/0f v'nfO{ s'g} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] To:tf] q'6L jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu k|aGw lgb{]zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . ;f] lgj]bgdf sDkgLn] s'g sfd u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] q'6L x'g uPsf] xf] jf st{Jokfngf gePsf] xf] / To:tf] lg0f{o of] ljlgodfjnL ljk/Lt 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lbg] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg vl/b ;Demf}tf x'g'eGbf cl3sf] sf/jfxLsf ;DaGwdf ;Lldt x'g]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbFbf To:tf] lgj]bg k]z ug{sf nflu s'g} cjlw tf]lsPsf] eP To:tf] cjlwleq / To;/L cjlw gtf]lsPsf]df sDkgLn] vl/b sf/jfxL ;DaGwL q'6L u/]sf] jf st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf] s'/f af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lgj]bg lbg' kg{]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf 5fglag ubf{ vl/b sf/jfxLdf s'g} q'6L b]lvP, sDkgLn] kfngf ug{'kg{] st{Jo kfngf u/]sf] gb]lvP jf To:tf] lg0f{o sfg"g ljk/Lt b]lvPdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] vl/b sf/afxL lgnDag u/L ;f] lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq sf/0f v'nfO{ cfkm}+n] lnlvt lg0f{o ug{' kg{]5 / ;f] lg0f{odf vl/b sf/jfxL s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] s'/f ;d]t pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg{]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] lgj]bg dfly 5fglag ubf{ s'g} q'6L gb]lvPdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sf/0f v'nfO{ lg0f{o u/L lgj]bsnfO{ ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;f] lg0f{odf vl/b sf/jfxL s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] s'/f ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 . !)(= vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug'{ kg{] M -!_ ljlgod !)* cg';f/ ePsf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'emL vl/b P]g adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu vl/b P]gsf] bkmf $* adf]lhd ul7t k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg k/]df ;f] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o geP;Dd sDkgLn] vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgdo -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug{'kg{] 5}g M–
94 -s_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf lglxt dxTjk"0f{ ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] sf/0faf6 vl/b sf/jfxL hf/L /fVg h?/L ePsf] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/L sDkgLn] k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L lbPdf, jf -v_ vl/b P]gsf] bkmf %) sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o x'g g;s]df, jf -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf eO{ ;s]sf]df . -#_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ adf]lhd vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf gu/]df ;f]sf] hfgsf/L k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 .
95 kl/R5]b–!@ vl/b ;DaGwL clwsf/ !!)= nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ ljlgod @), @! / @# adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf] clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v eP eGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . -@_ ljlgod @@ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v eP eGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !!!= crn ;DklQ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod @* cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu crn ;DklQ vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf] clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ bzf}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -u_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ k|aGw lgb]{zsn], t/, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx?af6 crn ;DklQ vl/b ug'{kbf{ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 . -3_ v08 -u_ df pNn]v eP eGbf a9L /sdsf] crn ;DklQ ;ldltn] . !!@= dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod @( cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg k|aGw lgb]{zsn]], -u_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] dfn;fdfg ;ldltn] . !!#= 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] M ljlgod #) cg'?k 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] u/fpg ;Sg]5 M–
96 -s_ tLg nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ bzf}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -u_ krf; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf hlt;'s} a9L /sdsf] sfo{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] . !!$= lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] M ljlgod #! cg'?k lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] u/fpg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] sfo{ ;ldltn] . !!%= cGo ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod #@ cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu cGo ;]jf :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] ;]jf ;ldltn] . !!^= k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod ## cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu k|fljlws ;]jf ln+bf :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ jflif{s Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -v_ v08 -s_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !!&= 3/, uf]bfd, hUuf tyf pks/0f ef8fdf lng ;Sg] M ljlgod #$ cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu 3/, uf]bfd, hUuf tyf pks/0f :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] ef8fdf lng ;Sg]5 M– -s_ jflif{s kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ jflif{s aL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !!*= ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod #% cg'?k ;f]em} vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ kGw| s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] .
97 !!(= cdfgtaf6 sfo{ u/fpg] M ljlgod #& cg'?k cdfgtaf6 :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] sfo{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ bz nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] . !@)= k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod #( cg'?k k/fdz{ ;]jf :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !@!= ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ tyf ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{ M sDkgLsf] lgldQ ul/g] vl/b tyf k|fKtL ;Demf}tfdf sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 x:tfIf/ ug]{ tyf To:tf ;Demf}tfx?df ljlgod (@ adf]lhd ;+zf]wg ug]{ clwsf/ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b sfo{ :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 . !@@= e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod (# adf]lhd b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL e]l/P;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5g M– -s_ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] bz k|ltzt;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzt;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] xsdf sDkgLsf] of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefu / cy{ ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? tyf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] ;DalGwt gfoa k|aGw lgb{]zs ;lDdlnt /x]sf] sldl6n] k|aGw lgb]{zs dfkm{t u/]sf] l;kmfl/;df ;ldltn] . !@#= Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ ljlgod (% adf]lhd Dofb yk ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clwsf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhd Dofb yk u/L lbg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ sfdsf] nfut ga9g] u/L sfd ;DkGg ug{ tf]lsPsf] cjlwsf] cfwf cjlw;Dd yk ug{'kg]{ eP bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn] . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvteGbf a9Lsf] xsdf sfdsf] nfut ga9g] u/L sfd ;DkGg ug{ tf]lsPsf] cjlw a/fa/sf] cjlw;Dd yk ug{'kg{] eP k|aGw lgb]{zsn] .
98 -u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt cj:yf afx]ssf] cj:yfdf / afx| dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlw yk ug{'kg{] eP ;ldltn] . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd Dofb yk ubf{ ;DalGwt cfof]hgf, k|zf;g / cy{ ljefusf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿ ;d]taf6 5fglag ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 . !@$= clwsf/ k|of]u, k|Tofof]hg tyf pQ/bfloTj M -!_ o; kl/R5]bdf plNnlvt æbzf}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vÆ eGgfn] ;f] txdf /xL sDkgLsf] If]qLo lgb]{zgfnodf If]qLo lgb]{zssf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ dfq a'emfpg]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf ePsf clwsf/x? ;ldltn] k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ / k|aGw lgb]{zs tyf bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn] cfk'm d'lgsf clws[tx?nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/, o; ljlgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePsf nfut cg'dfg ;+zf]wg ug]{, k"j{ of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? tf]Sg], ljlgod #% adf]lhd ;f]em} vl/b ug]{, ljlgod #^ adf]lhd ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk ug]{ tyf e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug]{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf k|aGw lgb{]zs cfkm}+n] ug{] egL tf]lsPsf] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -$_ clwsf/ k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/Ln] clwsf/ k|of]u u/]sf] xb;Dd lghsf] pQ/bfloTj /xg]5 . pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd k|Tofof]hg ePsf] clwsf/ ;DaGwdf To;/L clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] pQ/bfloTj /lx/xg]5 . -%_ k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ cGt{ut u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] hfgsf/L lgoldt ?kdf To:tf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{] clwsf/Ln] ;f] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{] clwsf/LnfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 / clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ clwsf/Ln] cfkm"n] k|Tofof]hg u/]sf] clwsf/ adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfdsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Laf6 ;do ;dodf cfjZos hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
99 kl/R5]b–!# vl/b ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf !@%= cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLx?;+u ;xsfo{ u/L cfkmgf] u|fxs cfwf/sf] pkof]u dfkm{t cfosf yk If]qx? klxrfg u/L cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf (Revenue Sharing Model) ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd sfo{ ug{ u/fpg ljz]if u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf k|fjwfgx? ;dfj]z u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLn] cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;]jf If]q tyf u|fxs cfwf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;]jf If]qsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f, -u_ ;xsfo{ ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] of]Uotf, cg'ej, k|fljlws tyf cfly{s ;antf cflb, -3_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ cjlw / ;xsfo{ ug]{ cjlw, -ª_ sDkgLn] cfkmgf] rln/x]sf] pks/0f, k|ljlw, k|0ffnL, u|fxs cfwf/ pkof]u ug{ lbg] k|lj|mof / zt{x?, -r_ sDkgLn] o; ?kdf sfo{ u/fpFbf yk nufgL gug]{ ;DaGwL :ki6 Joj:yf, -5_ sDkgLn] rfx]sf] Go"gtd cfo tyf cfo c+z, -h_ ;xsfo{af6 ;[lht cfo klxrfg tyf dfkg ug]{ k|lj|mof, -em_ ;xsfo{af6 ;[lht cfo;+u ;DalGwt tYofÍ ldnfg (Data Reconciliation) ;DaGwL tl/sf, k|lj|mof tyf ;do cjlw, -`_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] cfwf/ tyf tl/sf, -6_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ;dofGt/, -7_ e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf, -8_ sDkgLsf] ;fljssf] cfo >f]t, u|fxs cfwf/ tyf cfodf gsf/fTds k|efj kg{ gx'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -9_ sDkgLsf] pks/0f, k|ljlw tyf k|0ffnLdf gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ gx'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -0f_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL, -t_ af]nkq, sfo{;Dkfbg jf cGo cfjZos s'/fsf] nflu hdfgt cfjZos ePdf hdfgtsf] /sd, lsl;d, dfGo 9fFrf / dfGo cjlw, -y_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -b_ af]nkq k]z ug'{ cl3 s'g} a}7s ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L,
100 -w_ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg, af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do / :yfg tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -g_ af]nkq d"NofÍg / af]nkqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf, -k_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw, -km_ :jfy{ aflemg] ePdf af]nkq pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g] jf hfn;fhL jf e|i6frf/ u/]df x'g] sfg"gL sf/jfxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -a_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'6L jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu af]nkqbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -e_ af]nkqbftfn] ug'{kg]{ e}kl/ cfpg] sfd, -d_ af]nkqbftfn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cfjZos tflnd / ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f, -o_ kfngf ug'{kg]{ d'Vo d'Vo zt{x? / ljz]if zt{x?, -/_ ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL eO{ sDkgLnfO{ cfosf] c+z a9L lbg sa'n ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq dfq :jLs[t ul/g] s'/f, -n_ ;Demf}tfsf zt{x?, ;f] ;Demf}tf nfu" x'g] tl/sf / ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -j_ ;Demf}tf /2 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf, -z_ aLdf cfjZos ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -if_ lgwf{l/t cjlwdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ tyf cGo Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -;_ ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] ;+oGq, -x_ nfu" x'g] sfg"g, -If_ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ PseGbf a9L OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg ;lsg] eP To;/L sfo{ u/fpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, / -q_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ljlgod ^$ sf] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] :jLs[t u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -%_ o; ljlgod cGtu{t af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs kqklqsfdf tyf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;]jf ;DaGwL ;+lIfKt ljj/0f -v_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ / kfO{g] sfof{nosf] gfd / 7]ufgf,
101 -u_ af]nkq k7fpg] tl/sf, af]nkq jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, af]nkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -3_ af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -ª_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? -^_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:yf af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]lvt k|fjwgx? tyf o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b– * adf]lhd x'g]5 . -&_ d"NofÍgaf6 b]lvg cfPsf] ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL / sDkgLnfO{ cfosf] c+z a9L lbg] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug'{kg]{5 . af]nkq :jLs[lt / ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx? tyf cfslif{t x'g];Dd cfjZos x]/km]/ ;lxt o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–( adf]lhd x'g]5 . -*_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -If_ sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd sfo{ u/fpFbf sDkgLn] cfXjfg u/]sf] ;"rgf adf]lhd af]nkq lbO{ ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqbftf ePsf] x'g'kg]{ / sDkgLnfO{ cfosf] c+z a9L lbg] af]nkqbftfsf] saf]n /sd a/fa/ cfo c+z lbg d~h'/ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . -(_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd sfo{ ug]{ u/fpg] ;DaGwdf o; ljlgodfjnLsf cGo k|fjwfgx? cfslif{t x'g];Dd cfjZos x]/km]/ ;lxt nfu" x'g]5g . !@^= cGo Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g}klg vl/b ubf{ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ug'{kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L ul/Psf] vl/b ab/ tyf cdfGo x'g]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf :ki6 pNn]v gePsf] ljifodf sDkgLsf] lxtsf] nflu vl/b P]gsf] clwgdf /xL ljz]if Joj:yf u/L sfo{ u/fpg] clwsf/ ;ldltnfO{ x'g]5 . -$_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf gk/]sf vl/b ;DaGwL cGo s'g} cfly{s ;DaGwL Joj:yf vl/b P]gsf] clwgdf /xL ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ug{' kg{]5 . -%_ vl/b jf k|flKt ;DaGwL s'g} sfo{ ubf{ jf u/fpFbf o; ljlgodfjnLdf s'g} c:ki6tf ePdf jf afwf c8rg pTkGg ePdf vl/b P]g adf]lhd ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg vl/b P]gdf pNn]v ePsf] s'/fdf ;f]xL P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
102 efu–# cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw
103 kl/R5]b–! of]hgf th'{df, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 !@&= of]hgf, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] b"/;~rf/ k|ljlwdf ePsf] ljsf;, ;/sf/L gLlt lgoddf ePsf] kl/jt{g tyf ahf/sf] k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;d]t dWogh/ u/L cfufdL kfFr jif{df sDkgLnfO{ s'g ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg] xf] ;f] sf] ljrf/ u/L /0fgLlts of]hgf (Strategic Plan) th'{df ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /0fgLlts of]hgfnfO{ cfjlws ?kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clwgdf /xL cNksfnLg of]hgf tyf jflif{s sfo{qmd tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf tLg dlxgf cufj} sfof{nox?n] cf–cfkmgf] jflif{s sfo{qmd / cg'dflgt cfo Joosf] ah]6 ljj/0f tof/ u/L s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ sfof{nox?af6 k]z ePsf] sfo{qmd tyf ah]6nfO{ k'g/fjnf]sg tyf cfjZos kl/dfh{g u/L k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLsf] jflif{s sfo{qmd / cg'dflgt cfo Joosf] ah]6 cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf cufj} :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -^_ ;ldltdf k]z ePsf] cfo Joo ah]6 ljrf/flwg /x]sf] cj:yfdf sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng tyf clt cfjZos sfdsf] nflu cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s'n vr{sf] kRrL; k|ltztdf ga9g] u/L ;ldltn] k]ZsL ah]6 :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 . !@*= jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 ;~rfng M -!_ ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ah]6 o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/lwleq /xL ;~rfng ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ x'g]5 . k|aGw lgb]{zsn] of] clwsf/ cfkm" d'lgsf clws[tx?nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ :jLs[t ah]6af6 lgwf{l/t :jLs[t sfo{qmd rnfpg gk"u x'g cfPdf ;f] sf] sf/0f ;lxt ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t eP adf]lhd yk ah]6sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{s|dleq gk/]sf sfo{s|dx? ;~rfng ug'{ cfjZos b]lvPdf jf :jLs[t sfo{s|d ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df To:tf sfo{s|dx? tyf ltgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ah]6 ;d]t ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ dfq sfo{s|d ;~rfng ug'{kg]{5 . !@(= ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ M -!_ :jLs[t ah]6sf] ljleGg zLif{sx?dWo] Ps zLif{saf6 csf]{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ubf{ h'g zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ul/g] xf] ;f]xL zLif{ssf]
104 :jLs[t ah]6sf] @% k|ltzt;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zs cfkm}+n] / ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] /sdfGt/ ug'{ k/]df ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /sdfGt/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ sd{rf/L vr{sf lzif{sx?df ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd sd{rf/L vr{sf lzif{sx?df afx]s cGo lzif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ k"FhLut vr{ (Capital Expenditure) sf] nflu ljlgof]lht /sdaf6 cfout vr{ (Revenue Expenditure) df jf cfout vr{sf] nflu ljlgof]lht /sdaf6 k"FhLut vr{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug'{ k/]df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . !#)= jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|d k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLsf] jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|d sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf q}dfl;s ?kdf ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|dnfO{ cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cw{ jflif{s cjlwsf] ;dfKtL kl5 k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ cw{ jflif{s cjlwsf] ef}lts tyf ljQLo k|ult, k|:tfljt sfo{s|dx?sf] ;~rfng tyf ;f]sf] cj:yf, ;]jf ljt/0f tyf cfo cfh{gsf] cj:yf, gub k|jfxsf] cj:yf, sfo{s|d ;~rfng tyf ;]jf ljt/0fsf s|ddf cfPsf ;d:ofx? / ltgnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ul/Psf jf ug'{kg]{ k|of;x? nufotsf ljifox?df ;ldIff ug'{kg]{5 . !#!= sDkgLsf] k|fljlws / Jofj;flos Ifdtf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLdf k|of]u e}/x]sf] k|ljlwsf] cj:yf, k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf sDkgLsf] k|fljlws, Jofj;flos / k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf k'g/fjnf]sg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ug{sf] nflu k|aGw lgb]{zssf] ;+of]hsTjdf sDkgLsf of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefu, Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefu / cy{ ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? /x]sf] Ps :yfoL ;+oGq /xg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;+oGqn] ljZjdf ljsf; ePsf] gljgtd k|ljlw tyf ljsf; x'g ;Sg] k|ljlw, sDkgLn] cjnDag u/]sf] k|ljlwsf] cj:yf, sDkgLsf] k|fljlws / Jofj;flos Ifdtf, sDkgLsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf tyf /0fgLltsf] ;DaGwdf jflif{s ?kdf cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf cufj} k'g/fjnf]sg tyf d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] k'g/fjnf]sg tyf d"NofÍgdf ;+oGqsf] /fo tyf sfo{ of]hgf ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . pQm k|ltj]bg pk/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lgb]{zg ;d]tsf] cfwf/df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cfjZos sfo{ ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
105 kl/R5]b–@ cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw !#@= cfDbfgL tyf w/f}6L /sd a}Í bflvnf ug'{kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLsf] s'g} klg cfDbfgL /sd sDkgLsf] /fhZj vftfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] u|fxsaf6 k|fKt ePsf] w/f}6L /sd a}Í bflvnf u/L tyf ljljw k|of]hgsf] nflu cGoaf6 k|fKt ePsf] w/f}6L /sd w/f}6L vftfdf a}Í bflvnf u/L To;sf] :ki6 ljj/0f v'Ng] u/L lx;fa /fVg' kg]{5 . -#_ s'g} klg ;]jf pknAw u/fP jfkt jf las|L jfkt jf cGo ;|f]taf6 sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgL jf w/f}6L /sd ;f]xL lbgdf g]kfn /fi6« a}Í jf g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 Ohfht k|fKt jfl0fHo a}Íx? jf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf cGo a}Íx?df sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] ;DalGwt vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . s'g} sf/0fj; ;f]xL lbg /sd bflvnf ug{ g;lsPdf To;sf] ef]lnkN6 clgjfo{ ?kdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . sDkgLsf] sfof{no ;~rfngdf /x]sf] lbg a}Ísf] ljbf k/]df ljbf kl5 a}Í v'n]sf] lbg /sd bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . !##= vftf ;~rfng M -!_ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tyf cGo sfof{nox?sf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd sDkgLsf] gfddf g]kfn /fi6« a}Í jf g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 Ohfht k|fKt jfl0fHo a}Íx? jf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf cGo a}Íx?df /flvg]5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo /fhZj vftfsf] ;~rfng k|aGw lgb]{zs / gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ sf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . sDkgLsf] cGo /fhZj vftfx?sf] ;~rfng gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ / lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . -#_ sDkgLsf] cGo sfo{ ;~rfng :t/sf vftfx? tyf w/f}6L vftfx?sf] ;~rfng sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'v jf sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] clws[tx?sf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . -$_ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no afx]s cGo sfof{nosf] /fhZj vftfdf hDdf ePsf] cfo /sd Go"gtd df}Hbft /fvL afFsL /sd ;fwf/0ftof k|To]s dlxgf s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] /fhZj vftfdf :yfgfGt/ (Transfer) u/L hDdf ul/g]5 . !#$= sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfx?sf] dxz'n b/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfsf] dxz'n b/ tyf las|L ljt/0f ug]{ b"/;~rf/ pks/0fx?sf] las|L d"No lgwf{/0f Pj+ kl/dfh{g ubf{ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/ b/ Pj+ ahf/ k|lt:kwf{sf] cj:yf ;d]t ljrf/ u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'/fx?sf] ljZn]if0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ tyf kx'Fr, -v_ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu sDkgLn] u/]sf] k"FhLut nufgL, -u_ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu sDkgLn] ug'{kg]{ cfout vr{x?,
106 -3_ nufgLsf] k|ltkmn tyf k|ltkmn k|fKt x'g] cg'dflgt ;dofjlw, -ª_ ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ pks/0fsf] cfo', -r_ pkef]Qmsf] dfu tyf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf, -5_ ;]jf ;~rfng tyf dxz'n ;DaGwdf lgofds lgsfosf] gLlt, lgod, lgb]{zg tyf k|fjwfgx?, -h_ k|rlnt sfg"gL / s/ ;DaGwL Joj:yfx?, / -em_ sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/fx? . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLsf] ;DalGwt ljifosf] 1fg ePsf] k|fljlws, n]vf / Jofkf/ tkm{sf] sd{rf/Lx? ;lDdlnt sldl6 u7g u/L sfo{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sldl6af6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ dxz'n b/ tyf las|L d"No lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . !#%= cGt/cfj4tf tyf 6«flkms cfo ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?;+u cGt/cfj4tf u/L ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns -cfudg tyf alxu{dg_ lgwf{/0f ubf{ ljlgod !#$ sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf s'/fx?sf] ljZn]if0fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] ;d]t ljZn]if0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/, cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL k|rng tyf k|rlnt z'Nssf] cj:yf, -v_ cGt/cfj4tfaf6 k|fKt x'g] jf k|of]u x'g] sn 6«flkmssf] kl/df0f, -u_ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?;+usf] ;DaGw, -3_ kfngf ug'{kg]{ ;Demf}tfsf zt{x?, -ª_ z'Ns k|fKt x'g] jf e'QmfgL ul/g] ;dofjlw, -r_ ljQLo km/kmf/s ug]{ tl/sf tyf d'b|f, -5_ u'0f:t/Lo ?kdf sn alxu{dg ug{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ kof{Kt Route Capacity, Caller Line Identification (CLI) Delivery nufotsf cGo k|fljlws kIfx? ;Gtf]ifhgs /x] g/x]sf], -h_ sn alxu{dg ubf{ ;Dej eP;Dd sDkgLnfO{ sd cfly{s ef/ kg]{, / -em_ cfjZos cGo s'/fx? . -#_ sDkgLsf] Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefun] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ljZn]if0f u/L cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns -cfudg jf alxu{dg_ k|:tfj ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm k|:tfljt z'NsnfO{ Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefu, cy{ ljefu / dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? /xg] ;ldltn] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns -cfudg jf alxu{dg_ lgwf{/0f tyf :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 . k|aGw
107 lgb]{zssf] :jLs[lt adf]lhd Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cGt/cfj4tf ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ sn alxu{dg u/]sf] ?6df ;d:of cfPdf jf z+sf:kb tyf hfn;fhLhGo ultljlw b]lvPdf jf cTofjZos eO{ t'?Gt} ?6 kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ ePdf k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ ;f] sf] hfgsf/L u/fO{ Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsn] ?6 kl/jt{g ug{ jf ug{ nufpg ;Sg]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf, To;;+u ;DalGwt cGt/cfj4tf tyf 6«flkms cfDbfgL / vr{sf] ljj/0f q}dfl;s ?kdf ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd k]z x'g cfPsf] ljj/0f ;DaGwdf ;ldltn] cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f] lgb]{zgnfO{ kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt clwsf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . !#^= /fhZj sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ ;]jfx?sf] cfo (Revenue) sf] >f]t klxrfg, kl/rfng / lgoGq0f k|0ffnL ;DaGwdf b]xfosf ljifox? ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ;ldltn] sfo{ljlw tof/ u/L nfu" ug]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;a} ;]jfx?sf] lalnË, -v_ u|fxsx?af6 k|fKt x'g'kg]{ cf;fdL /sd c;'nL, -u_ sDkgLn] c;'n pk/ u/L k|fKt ug]{ gub df}Hbftsf] n]vfÍg, lgoldt a}Í bflvnf, -3_ sDkgLsf] ;]jf laqmL, /sd ;+sng h:tf sfo{x? kf/bzL{ Pj+ ;/lns/0f ug]{ ljlw tyf k|ls|of, -ª_ sDkgLåf/f k|bfg ul/g] ljleGg b"/;~rf/ ;]jfx?sf] dxz'n b/ ;dofg's'n Pj+ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg] ljlw tyf k|ls|of, -r_ cGo ;]jf k|bfosx?;Fu x'g] cfo afF8kmfF8 ;DaGwL cGt/cfj4tf gLlt, -5_ Value Added Services sf] Cost Benefit Analysis , -h_ cfo tyf cf;fdL Joj:yfkg, cfo r'xfj6 lgoGq0f tyf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL, -em_ cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f (Revenue Assurance Audit) , / -`_ cfo n]vfsf] cBfjlws clen]v tyf k|ltj]bg ;DaGwL ljlw tyf k||lj|mof . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /fhZj sfo{ljlwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;do ;fk]If ;+zf]wg tyf kl/dfh{g ul/g]5 . !#&= nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLsf] ;|f]t ;fwgx?sf] clwstd kl/rfng ug{ tyf nufgL ljljlws/0f u/L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ub}{ cfo cfh{g ug{sf] nflu ;ldltn] k"FhLut nufgL tyf ljQLo nufgL ;DaGwL gLlt tof/ u/L u/fO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
108 -@_ k"FhLut nufgL tyf ljQLo nufgL ;DaGwL gLltnfO{ ;do ;dodf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{5 . !#*= vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g} klg vr{ ubf{ jf bfloTj e'QmfgL ubf{ jflif{s :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ k"FhLut vr{ ubf{ jflif{s sfo{s|d ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ jflif{s sfo{s|dleq gk/]sf vr{ ug'{ cfjZos ePdf ;f]sf] k'i6ofO{+ ;lxt ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ sDkgLsf] gubL tyf lhG;L dfn;fdfg s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f jf bfg bftJo ubf{ jf cfly{s ;xfotf lbFbf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . t/, jflif{s :jLs[t ah]6leq k/]sf cfly{s ;xfotf /sd k|aGw lgb]{zssf] :jLs[ltdf lbg ;lsg]5 . !#(= ;fgf] gubL sf]if M ;fwf/0ftof ;fgf]–ltgf] b}lgs vr{ ;~rfngsf] lgldQ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF, lgb]{zgfno tyf ljefu :t/sf sfof{nox?df klRr; xhf/ ?k}ofF / n]vf sfof{nox?df bz xhf/ ?k}ofFdf ga9fO{ ;f]wegf{sf] cfwf/df ;fgf] gubL sf]if /fVg ;lsg]5 . !$)= k]ZsL lbg] tyf km5{of}6 ug]{ M -!_ nfUg] nfuteGbf a9L gx'g] u/L b]xfosf] cj:yfdf sd{rf/LnfO{ k]ZsL lbg ;lsg]5 M– -s_ cfjZos dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{, -v_ ;?jf ePsf] :yfgdf k7fpg, -u_ sfh jf e|d0f jf tflnddf k7fpg, / -3_ sfof{no ;DaGwL sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ . -@_ Ps k6s lnPsf] k]ZsL km5of{}6 gx'Fb} ljz]if cj:yf gk/L csf]{ k]ZsL lbg' x'Fb}g . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k]ZsL b]xfo adf]lhd km5of{}6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{sf] nflu lnPsf] k]ZsLsf] kmfF6jf/L dfn;fdfg vl/b u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L kmf+6jf/L bflvnf ePsf] ;ft lbgleq dfn;fdfg e08f/ bflvnf u/fO{ o; ljlgod adf]lhd k]ZsL km5of{}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ ;?jf e} jf e|d0f jf sfhdf hfg] sd{rf/Ln] lnPsf] k]ZsL ;?jf e} uPsf] sfof{nodf jf e|d0f jf sfhaf6 lkmtf{ eO{ xflh/ ePsf] kGw| lbgleq b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQfsf] kmfF6jf/L ;DalGwt
109 sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / kmfF6jf/L k]z ePsf] ;ft lbgleq pQm sfof{non] lgodfg';f/ k]ZsL km5of{}6 u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -u_ s'g} k|of]hgsf] nflu lnPsf] k]ZsL ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ gx'g] ePdf k]ZsL lnPsf] ;ft lbg leq lkmtf{ a'emfO{ k]ZsL km5of{}6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -3_ tflnd, ;]ldgf/ tyf uf]i7Ldf ;xefuL x'g lnPsf] k]ZsL ;f] tflnd, ;]ldgf/ tyf uf]i7L ;DkGg e} sfof{nodf xflh/ ePsf] kGw lbgleq kmfF6jf/L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / kmfF6jf/L k]z ePsf] ;ft lbgleq pQm sfof{non] lgodfg';f/ k]ZsL km5of{}6 u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -ª_ sd{rf/Lx?sf] gfddf /x]sf] k]ZsL tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq cfjZos lan tyf afFsL /sd a'emfO{ km5of{}6 gu/]df ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] tna eQf nufotsf] h'g;'s} /sdaf6 clu|d ;"rgf lbO{ jf glbO{ s§f u/L c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .
110 kl/R5]b–# sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut, ;+/If0f / a/a'emf/y !$!= sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f M -!_ sfof{nodf /x]sf] gub, a}Í df}Hbft tyf r]s / To;sf] >]:tf ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'vsf] lhDdf /xg]5 . e08f/df /x]sf] dfn;fdfg tyf tt;DaGwL >]:tf e08f/ k|d'vsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . cfosf] nut / To; ;DaGwL cGo sfuhftx? sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] n]vf tk{msf] sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lhDdfdf /x]sf ;DklQsf] lxgfldgf gx'g] u/L nut >]:tf ;lxt To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] st{Jo ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -#_ h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg sd{rf/Ln] h8fg ;DkGg ePsf] tL; lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf h8fg ePsf ;DklQx?sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'n]sf] h8fg k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ bfloTj / lhDdf sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . !$@= dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt, lgsf;f, x:tfGt/0f tyf clGtd df}Hbftsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ sDkgLn] vl/b u/]sf] / cGo >f]taf6 sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt ePsf s'g} klg dfn;fdfgx? e08f/ bflvnf u/fO{ sfof{no k|d'vn] e08f/ k|d'vsf] lhDdf /fVg nufpg' kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] dfn;fdfg xfgL gf]S;fgL gx'g] u/L ;+/If0f ug]{ / ltgLx?sf] ;Def/ ug]{ jf rfn' cj:yfdf /fVg], /fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v tyf e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -#_ sfof{no k|d'vsf] cfb]zfg';f/ dfn;fdfgsf] cfDbfgL / vr{ ul/g]5 . dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt tyf lgsf;Lsf] nut sDkgLn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug]{, To:tf] nut cBfjlws u/L /fVg] / ;f] nut ;'/Iff;fy /fVg] sfd e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -$_ k|fljlws sfddf k|of]udf cfpg] dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd nut tof/ ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{nosf k|fljlw1åf/f hFrfO{ s] s:tf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;fdfgx? k|fKt ePsf] xf] k|dfl0ft u/fO{ ;f] s'/f s}lkmot hgfO{ nut v8f ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ e08f/ zfvfn] /fv]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt tyf lgsf;Lsf] nut / n]vf zfvfn] /fv]sf] dfn;fdfg ;DaGwL nut q}dfl;s ?kdf le8fg u/L ;|]:tf cBfjlws /fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'v tyf e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -^_ Ps sfof{noaf6 csf]{ sfof{nodf dfn;fdfg k7fpFbf x:tfGt/0f kmf/fd k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L k7fOg] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No ;d]t x:tfGt/0f kmf/fddf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . cfk'mn] x:tfGt/0f u/L k7fPsf] ;fdfg ;DalGwt
111 sfof{non] k|fKt u/] gu/]sf] hfFrL bflvnf l/kf]6{ k|fKt u/L lx;fa b'?:t /fVg] lhDd]jf/L ;fdfg k7fpg] sfof{nosf] e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . ;fdfg k|fKt ePsf] ;ft lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf bflvnf l/kf]6{ ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k7fpg] lhDd]jf/L ;fdfg k|fKt ug]{ sfof{nosf] e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -&_ dfn;fdfg lgsf;L ubf{ sDkgLsf] :jLs[t n]vf gLltsf] cfwf/df vr{ hgfO{ ;f]xL cfwf/df afFsL df}Hbftsf] d"No sfod ul/g]5 . -*_ vr{df ef/ kf/L sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /xg] u/L lgsf;L ul/Psf] k"FhLut ;fdfgsf] ;fk6L vftf -nf]g /lhi6/_ v8f u/L clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L ;fk6Ldf lbO{Psf] ;fdfg sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 e08f/df lkmtf{ bflvnf ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;fk6L :j?k ;fdfg a'lemlng] sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . cfly{s jif{sf] cGt;Dddf klg sfo{ ;DkGg e}g;s]sf] sf/0f ;fk6L :j?k nluPsf] ;fdfg lkmtf{ a'emfpg g;lsg] cj:yfdf a'lemlng] sd{rf/Ln] ef}lts k/LIf0fsf] nflu vl6Psf] 6f]nLnfO{ b]vfO{ ;fk6L vftf cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L ef}lts k/LIf0f ubf{sf] cj:yfdf ;fk6L :j?k nluPsf] ;fdfg lkmtf{ ga'emfPdf jf ;fk6L vftf cBfjlws gu/fPdf pQm ;fdfg jfktsf] nfUg] d"No ;fk6L :j?k ;fdfg a'lemlng]sf] tna nufot cGo s'g} klg /sdaf6 s§L u/L c;'n ul/g]5 . !$#= dfn;fdfgsf] df}Hbftsf] lg/LIf0f / ljj/0f M -!_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf sfof{no k|d'v cfkm}+n] jf cGo sd{rf/Låf/f To:tf] dfn;fdfg lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L afx]ssf] cGo sd{rf/Låf/f ef}lts k/LIf0f ug{ nufO{ lnlvt ?kdf k|ltj]bg lnO{ /fVg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf] Ps k|lt ;DalGwt If]qLo lgb]{zgfno / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf dfn;fdfgsf] ef}lts df}Hbft, vftfdf b]vfO{Psf] df}Hbft / df}Hbft km/s k/]sf] eP ;f]sf] sf/0f :ki6 v'nfpg'sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx? :ki6 ?kdf v'n]sf] x'g'kg]{5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Def/sf] cj:yf, -v_ dd{t ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfsf dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f, -u_ a]sDdf eO{ lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f, -3_ dfn;fdfg xfgL gf]S;fgL eP gePsf] / eP ;f]sf] sf/0f tyf lhDd]jf/ JolQm, -ª_ lhG;L lstfadf cfDbfgL gafFlwPsf dfn;fdfg eP ;f]sf] kl/df0f tyf ef}lts cj:yf, / -r_ Ps} lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg dWo] ut jif{ pkof]u ePsf] kl/df0f / rfn' cfly{s jif{df vl/b ul/Psf] kl/df0fsf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ / -@_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd lg/LIf0f / ef}lts k/LIf0faf6 b]lvg cfPsf] s}lkmot ;DaGwdf s'g} lx;fa ldnfg ug'{ kg]{ eP clVtof/k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / clVtof/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] klg oyflz3| lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 .
112 -$_ a]sDdf eO{ lnnfd laqmL ug'{kg]{ jf w'Nofpg' kg]{ s'g} dfn;fdfgx? lgoldt ?kdf lnnfd laqmL ug'{ jf w'Nofpg' kg]{5 . -%_ hfgL hfgL sDkgLnfO{ cfjZostfeGbf a9L dfn;fdfg vl/b u/L pkef]u geO{ /x]sf] eP To:tf ;fdfg vl/b ug{ cfb]z lbg] pk/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . !$$= a/a'emf/y ug]{ M -!_ sDkgLsf] gub, dfn;fdfg, nut, >]:tf, kmfO{n sfuhft cflbsf] lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L ;?jf, a9'jf, cjsf; k|fKt u/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] sfof{no 5f]8L hfFbf jf ;f] sfdaf6 cnu x'Fbf a/a'emf/y ug'{ lghsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . a'lem lng] sd{rf/Ln] klg t'?Gt a'lemlng' kg]{5 . cfn6fn u/L ga'emfPdf jf a'lem glnPdf To:tf] sd{rf/L ljefuLo ;hfosf] efuL x'g]5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] s'g} klg sd{rf/Ln] cfk'mn] a'emfpg' kg]{ gubL, dfn;fdfg / sfuhft h] hlt 5 ;a} Dofbleq a'emfpg' kg]{5 / a'emg' kg]{n] klg Dofb leq a'emL lng' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf h'g;'s} txsf sd{rf/L ;?jf, a9'jf jf cjsf; k|fKt ubf{ lghn] sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] Dofbleq jf To:tf] Dofb gtf]s]sf] eP PSsfO{; lbgleq a/a'emf/y u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a/a'emf/y ug{ g;lsPdf ;f] sf] sf/0f vf]nL tfn's sfof{nodf k]z u/L lgsf;f e} cfP adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y x'g g;s]df s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] tf]sL lbPsf] clwsf/Låf/f To;sf] cfjZos hfFra'em u/fpg' kg]{5 . -3_ dfn;fdfgsf] a/a'emf/y ;DaGwdf uGtL jf gfktf}n ug'{ kbf{ ;se/ cfkmgf] sfof{nosf] sd{rf/Lsf] d2taf6 ug{' kg]{5 . -ª_ c:yfoL lgo'lQm ePsf], sfod d'sfod ePsf] jf Hofnfbf/L jf s/f/df ePsf] gftfn] s'g}klg sd{rf/Ln] a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ bfloTjaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg] 5}g . -r_ a/a'emf/ysf] lgldQ xfnjfnf ;dodf pkl:yt x'g gcfPdf sfof{no k|d'v eP ;fljsjfnfn] cfk"meGbf Ps tx d'lgsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 . cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf] xsdf sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 / lgh sd{rf/Ln] klg a'lemlng' kg]{5 . -5_ xfnjfnf xflh/ x'g cfPkl5 a/a'emf/y u/L lng] sd{rf/Laf6 v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb leq a/a'emf/y u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
113 -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y x'Fbf gub jf dfn;fdfg jf nut >]:tf cflbsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf ePsf] gub, dfn;fdfg jf cfkmgf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] s'g} klg ;fdfg ;fa't bflvnf ug{ g;s]df To:tf] gub jf dfn;fdfg lhDdf lng] JolQm;+u To:tf] gub /sd tyf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No c;'n pk/ u/L lghnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd d"No c;'n pk/ ug'{ kbf{ ;f] dfn;fdfgsf] cj:yf tyf jt{dfg ahf/ d"NonfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L d"No sfod ul/g]5 . o;/L d"No sfod ug]{ sfd ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v / tfn's sfof{nosf] Ps hgf k|ltlglw ;d]t /x]sf] sldl6n] ug]{ 5 . -^_ a/a'emf/y ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vn] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ sfh v6fO{ lbg' kg]{ ePdf lghn] oyflz3| sfh v6fO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -&_ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/L gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz lnO{ ;s]sf] / kQf gnfu]sf] jf d[To' ePsf] jf :jf:Yosf] sf/0faf6 xf]z 7]ufgf gePsf] jf dfgl;s ;Gt'ng gePsf] /x]5 / To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ug'{ kg]{ a/a'emf/y lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:on] ug{ rfx]df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] JolQmsf] /f]xj/df h;n] a'lemlng' kg]{ xf] a'lemlng' kg]{5 . -*_ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf] sd{rf/Ln] a/a'emf/y u/L ;s]kl5 ;fljs sfof{noaf6 lghnfO{ sDkgLn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq lbO{g]5 . -(_ a/a'emf/y ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq k]z gu/L lghnfO{ xfnsf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g lbOg] 5}g . To:tf] sd{rf/L axfn 6'6]sf] JolQm eP a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq k]z gu/L lghnfO{ pkbfg jf lgj[QLe/0f nufotsf cGo s'g} klg /sdx? e'QmfgL lbOg] 5}g .
114 kl/R5]b–$ n]vf, n]vfk/LIf0f / a]?h' km5of{}6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf !$%= lx;fa lstfa M -!_ sDkgLsf] n]vf ;DaGwL lx;fa lstfa g]kfn n]vfdfg (Nepal Accounting Standards), g]kfn ljQLo k|ltj]bg dfkb08 (Nepal Financial Reporting Standards) / sDkgLsf] :jLs[t n]vf gLlt adf]lhd /flvg] 5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] n]vf gLlt ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnLsf] n]vf ;DaGwL s'g} Joj:yf jf n]vf gLlt ;DaGwdf yk :kli6s/0f jf JofVof cfjZos ePdf sDkgLsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] nflu ;ldltn] u/]sf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 . -$_ :jLs[t n]vf gLlt cGtu{t /xL k|aGw lgb]{zsn] n]vf lbUb{zg tof/ u/L nfu' ug]{5 . n]vf lbUbz{g ;DaGwdf yk :ki6Ls/0f jf JofVof cfjZos ePdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] u/]sf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 . -%_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf If]qLo sfof{noaf6 lgsf;f k|fKt u/L cfo Joo b'j}sf] lx;fa /fvL ;Gt'ng k/LIf0f (Trial Balance) tyf cGo cfly{s ljj/0f ;lxt tfn's sfof{nodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj n]vf sfof{nosf] x'g]5 . -^_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ k|i6 b]lvg] u/L /Lt k'¥ofO{ n]vf tof/ u/L cBfjlws ?kdf /fVg] st{Jo n]vf k|d'vsf] tyf pQ/bfloTj sfof{no k|d'vsf] /xg]5 . -&_ gubL, dfn;fdfgsf] ef}lts k/LIf0f ;d]t u/L sDkgLsf] jflif{s gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa / jf;nft ;fn tdfd ePsf] rf/ dlxgfleq ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !$^= sf/f]af/sf] n]vf /fVg] M -!_ k|To]s n]vf sfof{non] cfkmgf] tyf cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] sf/f]af/x?sf] n]vf o; ljlgodfjnL tyf sDkgLsf] :jLs[t n]vf gLlt adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ sfof{no k|d'vn] n]vf cBfjlws eP gePsf] a/fa/ hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 . cfkmgf] sfof{no cGtu{t cGo sfof{no eP To:tf sfof{nodf cfk}+m uO{ jf n]vf k|d'v v6fO{ lg/LIf0f ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ sfof{nodf /fVg' kg]{ n]vfx? 7Ls b'?:t;+u /fv] g/fv]sf], gubL tyf lhG;L df}Hbft 7Ls eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf tfn's sfof{no, lgb]{zgfno, ljefu tyf s]Gb|Lo n]vf ljefu / cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] cfsl:ds jf ;do, ;dodf hfFr ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L hfFr u/]sf] k|ltj]bg k|aGw lgb]{zs ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ dfk{mt o;df ug'{ kg]{ sf/jfxL ljj/0f ;lxt ;f] k|ltj]bg tfn's sfof{no, lgb]{zgfno, ljefu / ;DalGwt sfof{nodf ;ft lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 / ;f] adf]lhd sfof{Gjog ug'{ u/fpg' ;DalGwt sfof{nosf sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .
115 -%_ n]vf jf n]vf ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ tyf k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf o; ljlgodfjnL jf :jLs[t n]vf gLlt jf n]vf lbUbz{gdf Joj:yf ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / s'g} Joj:yf gePdf b]xfo adf]lhd k]z ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ b}lgs k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f ef]lnkN6, -v_ ;fKtflxs ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f ;f] ;do ;dfKt ePsf] tLg lbgleq, -u_ dfl;s ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f dlxgf e'QmfgL ePsf] ;ft lbgleq, -3_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] n]vf ;DaGwL ljefux?, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu / tfn's sfof{noaf6 dfu]sf] ljj/0f dfu ul/Psf] kqdf pNn]v ePsf] Dofbleq . !$&= cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ ;ldltn] :jLs[t u/]sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f lbUbz{g adf]lhd cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefun] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufj} sDkgLsf] ;a} n]vf sfof{nox?sf] lgoldt ?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf] a]?h' tyf q"6Lx? clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f x'g'eGbf cufl8 g} lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{df lgoldt u/fO{ jf k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{df k|df0f k]z u/L jf c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{df c;'n pk/ u/L n]vf cBfjlws u/fO{ /fVg' ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'vsf] bfloTj x'g]5 . -#_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefun] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf] a]?h' k|ltj]bg Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sfof{no, Ps k|lt ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ lgb]{zgfno jf ljefu tyf Ps k|lt k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf a]?h'df ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] k|ltlqmof tyf sfo{jfxL ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df ;Dk/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f u/L cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefun] rf}dfl;s tyf jflif{s k|ltj]bg k|aGw lgb]{zs dfk{mt ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fsf] s|ddf n]vf ;DaGwL lx;fa lstfadf b]lvPsf sdL sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;Rrfpg] u/L lx;fa lstfa ;dod} tof/ ug{ ;xof]u ug'{ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfssf] st{Jo x'g]5 . !$*= n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f ;do leq} u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -@_ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] nflu cfjZos >]:tfx? tof/ ug]{ u/fpg], n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}+NofOPsf s}lkmotx?sf] k|ltpQ/ lbg] / n]vfk/LIf0fsf] ;'emfjx? sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .
116 !$(= cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/fndf sDtLdf Ps k6s cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f (Revenue Assurance Audit) u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f u/fpFbf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ k|0ffnL tyf pks/0fsf] sfo{ z}nL / Ifdtf, ;]jf las|L, dxz'n b/, cGt/cfj4tf, lalnË k|0ffnL, cfo c;'nL tyf a}Í bflvnf, cfo r'xfj6 h:tf ljifox? ;dfj]z x'g] u/L :jtGq k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] hfgsf/L tyf lgb]{zgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt dfkm{t sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !%)= sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/fndf sDtLdf Ps k6s sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f (Performance Audit) u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] sfo{ If]qut ?kdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg cfjZos sfo{If]qx? klxrfg u/L k]z u/]sf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{5 . -#_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0fdf sDkgLsf] ;|f]t ;fwgx?sf] k|efjsf/L, ldtJooL / bIf k|of]u eP gePsf] d"NofÍg ug{ sDkgLsf] sfo{s|d, sfo{ ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL / sfo{ljlwsf ;Dk"0f{ kIfx?sf] :jtGq k/LIf0f u/fOg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] hfgsf/L tyf lgb]{zgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt dfkm{t sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !%!= k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/fndf sDtLdf Ps k6s k|fljlws k/LIf0f (Technical Audit) u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] sfo{If]qut ?kdf k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg cfjZos sfo{If]qx? klxrfg u/L k]z u/]sf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{5 . -#_ k|fljlws k/LIf0fdf sDkgLsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ pks/0f tyf ;f]sf] pko'Qmtf, ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ k|ljlw, k|0ffnL tyf k|ls|of, k|fljlws lhDd]jf/L tyf pQ/bfloTj, k|fljlws ;"rgf k|0ffnL / k|fljlws hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yfx?sf] sdL sdhf]/L / ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg] If]qx?sf] d"NofÍg ul/g]5 . k|fljlws k/LIf0fdf cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] k|fljlws kIf ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] hfgsf/L tyf lgb]{zgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt dfkm{t sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
117 !%@= n]vf g/fVg], k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f jf cGo k/LIf0f gu/fpg]nfO{ sf/jfxL x'g] M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd sDkgLsf] n]vf g/fVg], ;dodf cfly{s ljj/0f÷ k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f gu/fpg] sfof{no k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v tyf cfly{s ljj/0f÷ k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf cGo k/LIf0fx? gu/fpg] jf ug{ ;xof]u gug]{ sfof{no k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v tyf k/LIf0fsf] sfo{If]q;+u ;DalGwt sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . !%#= a]?h' clen]v tyf km5of{}6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf] a]?h'x? cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu tyf ljefu cGtu{t zfvfx?df Pslqt ?kdf nut /fvL ;DalGwt n]vf sfof{nodf klg clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ jf lgoldt ug'{ kg]{ afx]s c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPsf] a]?h'x?sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{sf] cj:yfdf g} n]vfÍg ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{ jf k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{df nuQ}sf] kl5Nnf] n]vfk/LIf0f cjlwleq lgoldt gePdf jf k|df0f k]z gePdf ;f] a]?h' klg c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ dfgL n]vfÍg ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . c;'npk/ ug'{ kg]{ u/L a]?h' sfod ePsf]df #% lbgleq c;'n u/L nut s§f ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ sfof{no k|d'v jf n]vfk|d'v cGoq ;?jf eO{ hfFbf jf cjsfz lnFbf cfkmgf] kfnfsf] cfo Joosf] n]vf, gub, dfn;fdfgsf] cnfjf a]?h'sf] nut ;d]t a'emg] a'emfpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'v jf lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] a]?h' km5of{}6 u/] jf gu/]sf] /]vb]v u/L km5of{}6 gu/]sf] eP k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L km5of{}6 u/fpg] clGtd bfloTj k|aGw lgb]{zssf] x'g]5 . !%$= a]?h' km5of{}6, d"Nof°g / cg'udg ;ldlt M -!_ a]?h' km5of{}6, d"NofÍg / cg'udg u/L a]?h' km5of{}6 ;DaGwL sfd sfo{jfxLdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg s]Gb|Lo :t/ / If]qLo :t/df b]xfo adf]lhd a]?h' d"NofÍg / cg'udg ;ldlt u7g ul/g] 5 M–
118 -s_ s]Gb|Lo:t/ M k|aGw lgb]{zs –cWoIf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ –;b:o ;DalGwt gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs –;b:o gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu_ –;b:o k|aGws -cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu_ –;b:o ;lrj -v_ If]qLo :t/ M If]qLo lgb]{zs –cWoIf If]qLo n]vf k|d'v –;b:o If]qLo k|fljlws zfvf k|d'v –;b:o If]qLo cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f zfvf k|d'v –;b:o ;lrj -@_ If]qLo ;ldltn] s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] ;ldltdf / s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] ;ldltn] ;~rfns ;ldltdf rf}dfl;s ?kdf a]?h' km5of{}6, d"NofÍg tyf cg'udg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !%%= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt M -!_ sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng jf Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg g/x]sf] ;~rfnssf] cWoIftfdf sDtLdf tLg ;b:oLo n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ /x]sf] s'g} JolQm pkljlgod -!_ cg';f/ ul7t n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] ;b:o x'g ;Sg] 5}g . -#_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sDtLdf Ps hgf ;b:o n]vf ;DaGwL Jofj;flos k|df0fkq k|fKt cg'ejL JolQm jf n]vf, jfl0fHo, Joj:yfkg, ljQ jf cy{zf:qdf sDtLdf :gftssf] pkflw k|fKt u/L n]vf tyf ljQLo If]qdf cg'ej k|fKt JolQm x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] 5f]6s/L ljj/0f, n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] s'g} ;'emfj lbPsf] eP To:tf ;'emfjx? sfof{Gjog ug{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cjnDag u/]sf] sfo{gLlt, n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] s'g} eQf jf ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] eP ;f] s'/f n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] gfd ;d]t sDkgLn] tof/ ug'{ kg]{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -%_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] s'g} klg ljifodf ;f]wk'5 ug{ sDkgLsf] k|aGw ;~rfns, sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngdf ;+nUg cGo ;~rfns, n]vfk/LIfs, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfs tyf n]vf k|d'vnfO{ ;"rgf lbO{ a}7sdf af]nfpg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] ;"rgf ePdf ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g' lghx?sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
119 -^_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf ljQLo Joj:yfsf] af/]df n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] lbPsf] ;'emfjnfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 / s'g} ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ug{ g;lsg] eP To;sf] sf/0f ;d]t ;~rfns ;ldltn] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLn] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L cg';f/sf] sfo{ ug{ kof{Kt ;fwg tyf ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg' kg]{5 / n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] cfkmgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ljlw cfkm}+ lgoldt ug]{5 . -*_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] cWoIf sDkgLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 . -(_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ a:g]5 . !%^= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M ljlgod !%% sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ul7t n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf ljQLo ljj/0fx? (Financial Statements) sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ / To:tf ljj/0fx?df plNnlvt tYosf] ;Totf olsg ug]{, -v_ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s ljQLo lgoGq0f k|0ffnL (Internal Financial Control System), cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL (Internal Control System) tyf hf]lvd Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL (Risk Management System) sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{, -u_ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfo{sf] ;'k/Lj]If0f tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{, -3_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu ;Defljt n]vfk/LIfsx?sf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ / lghsf] kfl/>lds tyf lgo'lQmsf zt{x? lgwf{/0f u/L cg'df]bgsf] nflu ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug]{, -ª_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfsn] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ kfngf ug'{kg]{ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cfr/0f, dfkb08 tyf lgb]{lzsf kfng u/] jf gu/]sf] s'/fsf] /]vb]v tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{, -r_ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] tof/ u/]sf] cfr/0f, dfkb08 tyf lgb]{lzsfsf] cfwf/df n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm tyf 5gf}6sf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ gLlt to ug]{, -5_ sDkgLsf] n]vf ;DaGwL gLlt tof/ u/L nfu" ug]{ u/fpg], -h_ s'g} lgodgsf/L lgsfon] sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ ljj/0fsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ljj/0f tof/ ug{ cfjZos zt{x? k"/f ug]{,
120 -em_ sDkgLsf] n]vf, ljQLo Joj:yf tyf n]vfk/LIf0fsf] ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf] cGo sfo{ ug]{, -`_ sDkgLdf cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f, sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f tyf k|fljlws k/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{ / ;f] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgx? k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ .
121 kl/R5]b–% st{Jo tyf pQ/bfloTj !%&= sfof{no k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj M -!_ cfk'mn] lhDdf lnPsf] cfo tyf Joosf] ljj/0f / To;sf] lx;fa lstfa /fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -@_ sfof{nodf lgsf;f k|fKt /sd s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] tf]s]sf] a}Ídf sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t / n]vf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTjdf ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng x'g] u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . -#_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s'g} sfdsf] nflu :jLs[t ah]6 vr{ ubf{ ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu ah]6 /sd pknAw eP gePsf], pQm sfd ljlgod adf]lhd eP gePsf] x]g'{ kg]{5 / e'QmfgL lbg'eGbf cufl8 /Lt k'u] gk'u]sf] hfFr ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] /l;b, lan e/kfO{x?df lghn] jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] b:tvt u/L k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ sfof{no k|d'vn] cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfkmgf] dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx? pk/ /]vb]v k'¥ofO{ gub jf dfn;fdfgdf s'g} lsl;dsf] lxgfldgf, xflg gf]S;flg jf nfk/jfxL x'g gkfpg] u/L sDkgLsf] gub jf dfn;fdfg ;'/lIft /fVg plrt k|aGw ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . cfk'mn] ug'{kg]{ sfd cfkm" d'lgsf sd{rf/Låf/f u/fPdf lgh k|d'vsf] klg pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 . -%_ sDkgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ gub, dfn;fdfg, ;DklQ tyf cGo sf/f]af/sf] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f k|To]s jif{ lgwf{l/t ;doleq u/fpg' kg]{5 . clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufj} cfkmgf] sfof{no / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h'x?sf] nut v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L sfod ePsf a]h'?x? o;} ljlgod adf]lhd c;'n km5of{}6 jf lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -^_ ;]jf ;~rfng tyf cGo >f]taf6 sfof{nodf bflvnf x'g cfPsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ /sdsf] b}lgs tyf dfl;s ljj/0f tof/ u/L :ki6 lx;fa b]lvg] u/L n]vf /fVg] Joj:yf sfof{no k|d'vn] ldnfpg' kg]{5 . -&_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sfof{no k|d'vn] cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ n]vf k|d'v;+u k/fdz{ ug'{ kg]{5 . !%*= n]vf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj M -!_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'vsf] aLrdf dte]b ePdf sfof{no k|d'vsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ n]vf k|d'vn] ug'{kg]{ egL o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq n]lvPsf] sfd, st{Josf cltl/Qm n]vf k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf pQ/bfloTj b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
122 -s_ sfof{no k|d'vn] ;'Dk]sf cfly{s sf/f]af/;+u ;DalGwt sfd / pQ/bfloTj axg u/L o; ljlgod adf]lhd lgsf;f dfusf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] . -v_ lgsf;f ePsf] /sdsf] vr{sf] lx;fa lstfa /Ltk"j{s /fVg] / vr{sf] kmfF6jf/L tyf cfly{s ljj/0f ;dod} tof/ ug]{ u/fpg] . -u_ sDkgLn] k|fKt ug'{kg]{ tyf k|fKt u/]sf] cfo tyf e'QmfgLsf] ;dod} n]vfÍg u/L n]vf cBfjlws /fVg] . -3_ dfn;fdfg / l:y/ ;DklQsf] n]vfÍg u/L cfly{s ljj/0fdf ;dfj]z ug]{ . -ª_ k|To]s jif{ lgwf{l/t ;doleq cfkmgf] sfof{no / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] / ;f]af6 sfod x'g cfPsf] a]?h'sf] nut /fVg] tyf a]?h' km5of{}6 jf lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg] . -r_ clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufj} cfkmgf] sfof{no / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ ;f]af6 b]lvPsf a]?h'x?sf] nut /fVg], ljlgod adf]lhd c;'n km5of{}6 jf lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg] . -5_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ o; ljlgod adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'u] gk'u]sf] hfFrL /fo lbg] / /Lt gk'u]sf]df ;f] s'/f :ki6 n]vL sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf /fo k]z ug]{ . -h_ cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 tof/ ug{ cfjZos ljj/0f ;+sng u/L k|To]s jif{ tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cg'dflgt ah]6 ljj/0f tfn's sfof{no dfk{mt s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k]z ug]{ . -em_ sd{rf/L k]ZsL lgoldt ?kdf c;'n u/L km5of{}6 ug]{ u/fpg] . -`_ sDkgLsf u|fxsx?n] ;]jf k|of]u u/] jfkt lgwf{l/t ;dodf dx;"n e'QmfgL u/] gu/]sf] hfFrL e'QmfgL gu/]sf] eP ;"rgf lbO{ ;]jf aGb u/L c;'n ug]{ u/fpg] . -6_ sDkgLn] k|fKt u/]sf] gubsf] lx;fa l7s eP gePsf] tyf ;+slnt /sd ;dod} a}Í bflvnf u/] gu/]sf] hfFr u/L lgoGq0f ug]{ u/fpg] .
123 kl/R5]b–^ ljljw !%(= lnnfd ug{] tyf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf M -!_ k'/fgf] eO{ sfddf cfpg g;Sg] jf 6'6k'm6 eO{ a]sDdf ePsf, k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] sf/0f k|of]udf /fvL /fVg pko'Qm geO{ w'Nofpg' kg{], ckn]vg ug{' kg{] jf lnnfd laqmL ug{' kg{] egL sfof{no k|d'vn] 7x/fPsf dfn;fdfgx¿sf] ;"rL agfO{ cg'dflgt /sd sfod u/L clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd w'Nofpg' kg{], lj:yflkt tyf ckn]vg ug{'kg{] jf lnnfd laqmL ug{'kg{] dfn;fdfgsf] ;"rL tof/ ubf{ jf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No sfod ubf{ dfn;fdfgsf] pkof]lutf, ;]jf, cfo', x|f;s§L, cjz]if d"No / ahf/ d"No ;d]t ljrf/ ug{'kg{] 5 . -#_ sfof{no k|d'vn] lj:yflkt ug{'kg]{, w'Nofpg' kg{] jf lnnfd laqmL ug{'kg{] egL 7x/ u/L k]z u/]sf] dfn;fdfgx¿sf] hfFra'em, 5fgljg Pj+ d"NofÍg u/L lnnfd laqmL jf w'Nofpg] l;kmfl/; ug{ s]Gb|Lo / If]qLo :t/df 5fgljg Pj+ d"NofÍg ;ldlt u7g ug{' kg{]5 . o:tf] ;ldltdf ;DalGwt k|fljlw1, cfly{s k|zf;g k|ltlglw, ;DalGwt e08f/ k|d'v / ;DalGwt sfof{no jf ljefusf] k|ltlglw;d]t x'g'kg{] 5 . ;f] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lnnfd ug{ jf w'Nofpg ;Sg]5 . -$_ lnnfd laqmL ug{'kg{] jf w'Nofpg' kg]{ dfn;fdfg ePsf sfof{nox?n] sDtLdf jif{sf] Ps k6s lnnfd laqmL jf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg{]5 . -%_ lnnfd laqmL ug{] jf w'Nofpg] dfn;fdfgsf] n]vfdf sfod /x]sf] d"No ckn]vg u/L dfq lnnfd laqmL ug{] jf w'Nofpg] sfd ug'{kg]{5 . -^_ lnnfd laqmL ug{] egL lg0f{o ePsf ;fdfgx¿sf] af]n saf]nåf/f lnnfd laqmL ug{sf] nflu sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;d]t v'nfO{ /fli6«o :t/sf] klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sflzt ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f, -v_ dfn;fdfgsf] Go"gtd d"No, -u_ lnnfd a9fa9 x'g] :yfg, ;do / ldlt, -3_ Go"gtd d"Noaf6 g} a9fa9 z'? x'g] s'/f, -ª_ cnu cnu jf Psd'i6 a9fa9 ug{] jf gug{], -r_ lnnfd ;sf/ ug{ af]lnPsf] cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] gub t'?Gt w/f}6L /fVg' kg{] s'/f, -5_ lnnfd ;sf/]sf] dfn;fdfg p7fO{ n}hfg'kg{] cjlw, -h_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ . -&_ af]nkqaf6 lnnfd laqmL ug{ dgfl;a b]lvPdf dfn;fdfg x]g{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb lbO{ af]nkq dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .
124 o;/L af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf]df af]n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] a}Í hdfgt jf gub w/f}6L af]nkq ;fy /fVg' kg{]5 . -*_ lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg ;DalGwt sfof{non] tf]s]sf] cjlw leq saf]n u/]sf] k"/f /sd a'emfO{ gp7fPdf /flvPsf] w/f}6L hkmt u/L k"gM lnnfd ug{ ;lsg]5 . -(_ lnnfd a9fa9 ubf{ klg Go"gtd d"No saf]n gu/]df pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 k"gM d"NofÍg u/fO{ lnnfd a9fa9 u/fpg' kg{]5 . o;/L k"gM d"NofÍg u/]sf] d"Nodf klg lnnfd a9fa9 x'g g;s]df 5fglag Pj+ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] cGo k|lqmofåf/f lnnfd laqmL jf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -!)_ pkljlgod -^_ / -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg lnnfd las|L ug]{ jf w'Nofpg] dfn;fdfg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] s'g} ;+:yfn] lng rfx]df pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -%_ sf] clwgdf /xL ;f]em} lnnfd las|L ug{ ;lsg]5 . -!!_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf] nflu p7fOPsf tyf k|fKt ePsf sfuhftx¿ sfd tfd]n eO;s]kl5 sDkgLsf] s'g} xfgL gf]S;fgL gx'g] b]vL w'Nofpg plrt 7x¥ofOPdf w'NofO{g] sfuhftsf] ljifo / 5f]6s/L Joxf]/fsf] clen]vdf /fvL sfof{no k|d'vn] b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfO{ w'Nofpg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ sfd tfd]n ePsf] Ps jif{kl5 w'Nofpg ;lsg] sfuhft M– -c_ b}lgs, dfl;s, cw{ jflif{s k|ltj]bgx¿ . -cf_ lnlvt k/LIffsf] pQ/ k'l:tsf . -O_ dfOGo"6 lstfa / k|:tfj afx]s a}7s a:g] ;DaGwL sfuhft . -O{_ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ljbfsf] lgj]bg, ;fk6L, ls:tfaGbL, b}lgs eQf, e|d0f eQf / lghx¿nfO{ ;Dd]ng, cWoog tflnd cflbdf k7fPsf] ;DaGwL sfuhft n]vfk/LIf0f ug{' kg{] eP clGtd km/kmf/s ePkl5 . -v_ gS;f / l8hfOg ;DaGwL tYofÍ afx]s s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DaGwL of]hgf, ;Demf}tf, vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft tyf cGo n]vf ;DaGwL sfuhftx? n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg{] eP u/fO{ clGtd km/kmf/s eO{ sfd tfd]n ePsf] tLg jif{ kl5 w'Nofpg ;lsg]5 . -u_ sfd tfd]n ePsf] kfFr jif{kl5 w'Nofpg] sfuhft M– -c_ xflh/L, ljbfsf] clen]v /fvL sd{rf/Lsf] xflh/ kmf/fd, -cf_ s'g} of]hgf jf sDkgLsf] k|ult k|ltj]bg, -O_ ;fwf/0f hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cfPsf kl/kq, af]wfy{ kq, -O{_ sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"NofÍg kmf/fd ;DalGwt sd{rf/L a9'jf eP jf ;]jf lgj[Q ePdf . -3_ slxNo} gw'Nofpg] sfuhft M–
125 -c_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k|dfl0fs/0f ePsf jf nfndf]x/ nfu]sf sfuhft, -cf_ rn jf crn ;DklQsf xsb}of bzf{pg] sfuhft, gfkL gS;fsf] sfuhft, -O_ sd{rf/Lsf] l;6/f]n, -O{_ jflif{s k|ltj]bg / jf;nft, -p_ sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL ljj/0f, -pm_ sDkgL jfbL jf k|ltjfbL ePsf] d'2fdf jf sDkgLnfO{ ;/f]sf/ ePsf] d'2fdf clwsf/ k|fKt sfof{no jf sfof{no k|d'vn] plrt ;De]msf sfuhftx¿, -P_ ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6, / -P]_ sDkgLn] ;~rfng u/]sf ;a} lsl;dsf] 6]lnkmf]g jf ;"rgf ;]jfsf] 8«OË, l8hfOg, ;ˆ6j]o/sf] l8hfO{g ;DaGwL clen]v . -ª_ sfuhft w'NofpFbf ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] k|zf;g, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf k|fljlws tk{msf Ps Ps hgf k|ltlglwx¿sf] /f]xj/df To:tf] sfuhft w'Nofpg' kg{]5 . -r_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd w'NofOPsf sfuhftx¿ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] s'g} ;+:yf jf JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . !^)= ldGxf lbg] Joj:yf M -!_ s'g} dfn;fdfg Ps 7fpFaf6 csf{] 7fpFdf cf];f/ k;f/ ubf{ xfgL gf]S;fgL eO{ cfPdf jf gk'u eO{ k|fKt x'g cfPdf cj:yf / cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ldGxf u/L nut s§f ug{ ;lsg] 5 . -@_ d[To' ePsf sd{rf/L;Fu c;'n pk/ ug{' kg{] h'g;'s} /sd sndx¿ ldGxf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ l8d/]h jf hl/jfgf lt/]sf] ;DaGwdf cf}lrTo / d'gfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0fsf] cfwf/df ldGxf ug{ ;lsg] 5 . -$_ sfof{nosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ;fjwfgL ckgfpFbf ckgfpFb} klg s'g} ;fdfg x/fpg uPdf jf 6'6k'm6 x'g uPdf cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ldGxf ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/, sd{rf/Lsf] nfk/jflxaf6 s'g} ;fdfg 6'6k'm6 jf x/fpg uPdf ;DalGwt sd{rf/Laf6 c;'n pk/ ug{'kg{] 5 . -%_ sDkgLn] ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf]df q'6Lk"0f{ lan ePsf] sf/0faf6 cf;fdL nut sfod x'g cfPsf]df ldGxf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ cf;fdL c;'n pk/ ug{]tk{m sf/jfxL ubf{ cf;fdL c;'n pk/ x'g g;Sg] cj:yf kg{ uPdf cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ldGxf ug{ ;Sg]5 . lj36g ePsf sf/0f jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] cl:tTjdf g/x]sf ;+:yf;+u c;'nL x'g g;s]sf cf;fdLsf] k'/} /sd ldGxf ul/g] 5 .
126 t/, hflghflg sd{rf/Lsf] nfk/jfxLaf6 xfgL gf]S;fgL ePdf ldGxf ul/g] 5}g . !^!= cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL clwsf/ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zssf] clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_ lnnfd laqmL ug]{ dfn;fdfgsf] d"NoflÍt d"No krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] :jLs[t ug{] . -v_ ljlgod !^) sf] pkljlgod -!_ / -$_ sf] xsdf Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] :jLs[t ug{] . -u_ ljlgod !^) sf] pkljlgod -%_ sf] xsdf q'6Lk"0f{ lan ePsf]df k'/} /sd / cGo ljjfbf:kb lansf] xsdf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd ldGxf ug{] . -3_ ljlgod !^) sf] pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -^_ sf] xsdf k'/} /sd ldGxf ug{] . -ª_ sDkgLsf] s'g} cf}krfl/s ;df/f]x jf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ug{' kbf{ Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd, sDkgLsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf cltly ;Tsf/ ug{' k/]df Ps k6sdf Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd / e}k/L cfpg] vr{sf] xsdf sDkgLsf] lxtdf vr{ ug{ cfjZos ePdf Ps k6sdf kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd vr{ ug{] . -r_ ;Demf}tf adf]lhd lnPsf C0f /sdsf] ltg{' kg{] ;fFjf tyf Aofh :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lw leq /xL hlt;'s} /sd klg e'QmfgL ug{] . -5_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} JolQm jf JolQmsf] ;DklQ xfgL gf]S;fgL eO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbg'kg{] ePdf 5fgljg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df Ps k6sdf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd :jLs[t ug{] . -@_ ljlgod !@( sf] ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ clwsf/ afx]s ;ldltn] cfkmgf] clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ / k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ cfjZostf cg';f/ cfk'm d'lgsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . !^@= sldl6 u7g ug]{ tyf ;+of]hs tf]Sg] M -!_ sDkgLsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] l;nl;nfdf cfjZos kg]{ cWoog, d"NofÍg, k/LIf0f tyf cGo sfo{x? ug{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sldl6 jf sfo{bn u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . of] clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cfk'm d'lgsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sldl6 jf sfo{bnnfO{ ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f ul/lbP adf]lhdsf] cfly{s ;'ljwf lbOg]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt, sldl6 tyf sfo{bndf ;+of]hssf] Joj:yf gul/Psf] cj:yfdf ;f] pk;ldlt, sldl6 tyf sfo{bnsf ;b:ox? dWo] k|aGw lgb]{zsn] jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf] JolQmn] ;+of]hssf] ?kdf sfo{ ug'{kg]{5 .
127 !^#= ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt ug{' kg{] M sDkgLn] ;ldltsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{ b]xfosf sfd ug{ x'Fb}g M– -s_ sDkgLsf] ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/LnfO{ ;fk6L lb+bfsf] cj:yfdf afx]s bz jif{eGbf a9L ;dosf] nflu s'g} 3/ hUuf lwtf] lng jf lbg, -v_ ljlgod !%( df pNn]v eP adf]lhd lnnfd las|L ug'{kg]{ egL klxrfg ePsf dfn;fdfg afx]s sDkgLsf] s'g} ;DklQ jf clwsf/ jf ;'ljwf a]r lavg jf gfd;f/L ug{ . -u_ C0f lng, lbg jf hdfgt lbg . !^$= clu|d cfos/ sl§ gu/]sf]df hjfkmb]xL M sDkgLn] s'g} klg e'QmfgL lbFbf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clu|d s/ sl§ ug{'kg{]df sl§ gu/L e'QmfgL lbPdf n]vf k|d'v hjfkmb]lx x'g]5 . !^%= ;jf/L nua's M sDkgLdf /x]sf ;a} ;jf/Lx¿sf] nua's ;DalGwt sfof{non] /fVg nufpg' kg{]5 . !^^= dfu kmf/fd M sDkgLsf] sfof{nosf] ljleGg kmfF6nfO{ rflxg] ;fdfgx¿ dfu kmf/fd e/L k|fKt ug{' kg{]5 . o:tf] dfu kmf/fd :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/ sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . !^&= cGo cfly{s Joj:yf M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf :ki6 pNn]v gePsf] ljifodf sDkgLsf] lxtsf] nflu ljz]if Joj:yf u/L sfo{ u/fpg] clwsf/ ;ldltnfO{ x'g]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf gk/]sf cGo cfly{s Joj:yf ;DaGwL s'/fx¿ ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf cfjZostfg';f/ n]vfgLlt, sfo{ljlw / lgb{]lzsfx¿ agfpg ;Sg]5 . !^*= vf/]hL tyf arfp M -!_ g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL @)^! vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd eP u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxL o;} ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

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Nt financial regulation 2072index

  • 1.
    g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgLlnld6]8 -g]kfn 6]lnsd_ g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&! -@)&@ a};fv ! ut] b]lv nfu"_
  • 2.
    k|sfzs g]kfn 6]lnsd g]kfn b"/;~rf/sDkgL lnld6]8 s]Gb|Lo sfof{no eb|sfnL Knfhf, sf7df8f}+, 6]=g+= M $@!)!)^, $@!))@!, $@!))(&, $@!))((, $@!))#) klxnf] ;+:s/0f, @)&@ c;f/
  • 3.
    g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgLlnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&! ljifo ;"lr ljlgod ljifo k[i7 ;+= efu ! k|f/lDes ! ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De 1 @ kl/efiff 1–5 # ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof 5 efu @ vl/b ;DalGw sfo{ljlw kl/R5]b–!M vl/b of]hgf tyf vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L $ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] tof/L ug'{kg]{ 7 % vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ 7-8 ^ jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ 8-9 & vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L 9-10 kl/R5]b–@M of]Uotfsf cfwf/, k|fljlws Ifdtf / k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg * af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf 11 ( dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ 12-13 !) lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ 13-14 !! k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ 14-15 !@ k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ 15 !# ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ 15-16 !$ cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf v'Ng] sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg] 16-17 kl/R5]b–#M vl/b ljlw tyf k|ls|of !% vl/b cfb]zaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ 18 !^ vl/b dfu k|fKt ug'{kg]{ 18 !& ah]6 tyf lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf 18 !* dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;]jfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{kg]{ 18-19 !( nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ / cBfjlws ug{'kg]{ 19-20 @) lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg 20
  • 4.
    @! dfn;fdfgsf] nfutcg'dfg 21 @@ k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg 21 @# cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg 21-22 @$ nfut cg'dfgsf] :jLs[lt 22 @% :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf;+u vl/b ug'{kg]{ 22 @^ vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ 22-23 @& v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfg u/L vl/b ug'{kg]{ 23 @* crn ;DklQ k|flKt Pj+ vl/b Joj:yf 23-24 @( dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf 24 #) 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yf 24 #! lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfd u/fpg] Joj:yf 24-25 #@ cGo ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf 25-26 ## k|fljlws ;]jf k|flKt tyf vl/b Joj:yf 26-28 #$ sfof{nosf] nflu 3/ hUuf / pks/0f ef8fdf lng] Joj:yf 28-30 #% ;f]e}m vl/b ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf 30-32 #^ ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug{] ;DaGwL Joj:yf 32 #& cdfgtaf6 sfd ug]{ 32-33 #* ljlgodfjnL cfslif{t gx'g] 33 kl/R5]b–$M k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ljlw tyf k|ls|of #( k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 34 $) v'Nnf ?kdf cfzokq dfu u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{ 34-35 $! k|:tfj dfu ug]{ 36-38 $@ k|:tfj vf]Ng] 38 $# k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"Nof°g 38-39 $$ d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{kg]{ 39 $% cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] 39-40 $^ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg 40 $& k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 41-42 $* k|:tfjbftf;+u jftf{ ug]{ 42-43 $( k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf 43 %) k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug]{ / vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug]{ 43
  • 5.
    kl/R5]b–%M l;naGbL b/efpkq;DaGwL Joj:yf %! l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd tof/ ug'{kg]{ 44 %@ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg 44 %# l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fdsf] b:t'/ 45 %$ l;naGbL b/efpkq hdfgt 45 %% l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] 45 %^ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] d"NofÍg tyf :jLs[tL 45-46 kl/R5]b–^M k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL Joj:yf %& k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ 47 %* k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{kg]{ 47-48 %( k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfwf/ :jLs[t u/fpg'kg]{ 48 ^) k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj cfXjfg ug]{ 48-49 ^! k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj d"NofÍg 49 ^@ of]Uo cfj]bssf] 5gf}6 49-50 kl/R5]b–&M af]nkq sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^# af]nkqsf k|lj|mof / r/0f 51 ^$ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{kg]{ 51-56 ^% af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ 56-57 ^^ af]nkq cfXjfg 57-58 ^& cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg 58 ^* b'O{ r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg 58-59 ^( af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ePsf] låljwf af/]sf] hfgsf/L 59 &) af]nkq k]z ug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s 60 &! af]nkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] 60-61 &@ ljb]zLn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ v'nfpg'kg{] s'/fx¿ 61 &# af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg 61-62 &$ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw 62 &% af]nkq hdfgt tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt 62-64
  • 6.
    kl/R5]b–*M af]nkq k/LIf0ftyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:Yff &^ af]nkqdf sf/jfxL gx'g] 65 && d"Nof°g ;ldlt 65-66 &* af]nkq k/LIf0f 66-67 &( af]nkq d"NofÍg 67-68 *) af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"Nof°g 68-69 *! af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"Nof°g 69 *@ af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"Nof°g 69-70 *# lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkqsf] ljz]if d"NofÍg 70-71 *$ k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'kg]{ 71 kl/R5]b–(M af]nkq :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf *% af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L / lghsf] st{Jo 72 *^ af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{] jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{] 72-73 *& cg'lrt k|efjdf kfg{ / kg{ gx'g] 73 ** af]nkqsf] :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf 73-74 *( vl/b ;Demf}tf / ;f]sf zt{x? 74-75 () ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog 75-76 (! aLdf u/fpg' kg{] 76-77 (@ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg 77-78 (# e]l/P;g cfb]z 78-79 ($ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hg 79-80 (% vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ug{] 80-81 (^ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{k|ult cg'udg ug{] 81 (& k|fljlwssf] lhDd]jf/L 82 (* sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ 82-83 (( vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo / ;f]sf] pkrf/ 83-84 !)) lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{ tyf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] 84-86 !)! ljjfb ;dfwfg ;DaGwL Joj:yf 86-87 kl/R5]b–!)M kf/blz{tf tyf cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)@ sDkgLsf] vl/b sfo{df ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lsf] cfr/0f 88 !)# b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] cfr/0f 89
  • 7.
    !)$ sfnf] ;"rLdf/fVg n]lv k7fpg] 90 !)% ;~rf/sf ljlw 91 !)^ ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 vl/b sf/f]af/ x'g ;Sg] 91 !)& vl/b sf/jfxLsf] clen]v /fVg'kg{] 91-92 kl/R5]b–!!M vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)* vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg 93 !)( vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug'{kg{] 93-94 kl/R5]b–!@M vl/b ;DaGwL clwsf/ !!) nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg] 95 !!! crn ;DklQ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 95 !!@ dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 95 !!# 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] 95-96 !!$ lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] 96 !!% cGo ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 96 !!^ k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 96 !!& 3/, uf]bfd, hUuf tyf pks/0f ef8fdf lng ;Sg] 96 !!* ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 96 !!( cdfgtaf6 sfo{ u/fpg] 97 !@) k/fdz{ ;]jf lng ;Sg] 97 !@! ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ tyf ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{ 97 !@@ e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg] 97 !@# Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] 97-98 !@$ clwsf/ k|of]u, k|Tofof]hg tyf pQ/bfloTj 98 kl/R5]b–!#M vl/b ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf !@% cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf 99-101 !@^ cGo Joj:yf 101
  • 8.
    efu # cfly{s k|zf;g;DaGwL sfo{ljlw kl/R5]b–!M of]hgf th'{df, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 !@& of]hgf, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 tof/ ug'{kg]{ 103 !@* jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 ;~rfng 103 !@( ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ 103-104 !#) jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|d k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ 104 !#! sDkgLsf] k|fljlws / Jofj;flos Ifdtf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{ 104 kl/R5]b–@M cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw !#@ cfDbfgL tyf w/f}6L /sd a}Í bflvnf ug'{kg]{ 105 !## vftf ;~rfng 105 !#$ sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfx?sf] dxz'n b/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf 105-106 !#% cGt/cfj4tf tyf 6«flkms cfo ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf 106-107 !#^ /fhZj sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf 107 !#& nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf 107-108 !#* vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf 108 !#( ;fgf] gubL sf]if 108 !$) k]ZsL lbg] tyf km5{of}6 ug]{ 108-109 kl/R5]b–#M sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut, ;+/If0f / a/a'emf/y !$! sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f 110 !$@ dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt, lgsf;f, x:tfGt/0f tyf clGtd df}Hbftsf] d"NofÍg 110-111 !$# dfn;fdfgsf] df}Hbftsf] lg/LIf0f / ljj/0f 111-112 !$$ a/a'emf/y ug]{ 112-113 kl/R5]b–$M n]vf, n]vfk/LIf0f / a]?h' km5of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf !$% lx;fa lstfa 114 !$^ sf/f]af/sf] n]vf /fVg] 114-115 !$& cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] 115 !$* n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] 115
  • 9.
    !$( cfo ;'lglZrttfsf]k/LIf0f u/fpg] 116 !%) sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg] 116 !%! k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg] 116 !%@ n]vf g/fVg], k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f jf cGo k/LIf0f gu/fpg]nfO{ sf/jfxL x'g] 117 !%# a]?h' clen]v tyf km5of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf 117 !%$ a]?h' km5of}{6, d"Nof°g / cg'udg ;ldlt 117-118 !%% n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt 118-119 !%^ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ 119-120 kl/R5]b–%M st{Jo tyf pQ/bfloTj !%& sfof{no k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj 121 !%* n]vf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj 121-122 kl/R5]b–^M ljljw !%( lnnfd ug{] tyf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf 123-125 !^) ldGxf lbg] Joj:yf 125-126 !^! cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL clwsf/ 126 !^@ sldl6 u7g ug]{ tyf ;+of]hs tf]Sg] 126 !^# ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt ug{'kg{] 127 !^$ clu|d cfos/ sl§ gu/]sf]df hjfkmb]xL 127 !^% ;jf/L nua's 127 !^^ dfu kmf/fd 127 !^& cGo cfly{s Joj:yf 127 !^* vf/]hL tyf arfp 127
  • 10.
    1 g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgLlnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&! ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf &$ sf] pkbkmf -@_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L sDkgL P]g @)^# sf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLsf] k|aGwkqsf] bkmf $ sf] v08 -5_ sf] pkv08 -@%_ ;d]tsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 ;~rfns ;ldltn] b]xfosf] ljlgodx? agfPsf] 5 . efu–! k|f/lDes != ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ oL ljlgodx?sf] gfd æg]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL, @)&!Æ /x]sf] 5 . -@_ of] ljlgodfjnL ;Dat @)&@ ;fnsf] j}zfv ! ut] b]lv k|f/De x'g]5 . @= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgodfjnLdf,– -s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] sDkgL P]g, @)^# ;Demg' k5{ . -v_ ævl/b P]gÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# ;Demg' k5{ . -u_ æsDkgLÆ eGgfn] P]g cGtu{t ul7t g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, lgb]{zgfno, ljefu / sfof{nonfO{ ;d]t hgfpg]5 . -3_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ . -ª_ æcWoIfÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] cWoIf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{ ;b:o ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -r_ æ;b:oÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] ;b:o ;Demg' k5{ . -5_ æsfof{noÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / ;f] cGtu{t /x]sf 5'§} k|zf;sLo sfo{If]q tf]lsPsf lgb]{zgfno, cfof]hgf, ljefu jf OsfO{x? ;Demg' k5{ . -h_ æn]vf sfof{noÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf lgb]{zgfnoaf6 lgsf;f k|fKt u/L cfo Joo b'j}sf] lx;fa /fvL ;Gt'ng k/LIf0f (Trial Balance) tyf cGo cfly{s ljj/0f ;lxt tfn's sfof{nodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ bfloTj ePsf] sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ . -em_ ætfn's sfof{noÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt sfof{noeGbf dflyNnf] txsf] sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ . -`_ æk|aGw lgb{]zsÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] k|aGw lgb]{zs ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ k|aGw ;~rfns ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
  • 11.
    2 -6_ æsfof{no k|d'vÆeGgfn] sDkgLsf] sfof{nosf] k|d'v eO{ sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L ;Demg' k5{ . -7_ æljefuLo k|d'vÆ eGgfn] gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs, lgb]{zs tyf bzf}+ tx / ;f] eGbf dflyNnf] txsf sfof{no k|d'v ;Demg' k5{ . -8_ æcfly{s jif{Æ eGgfn] ;fpg ! ut]b]lv csf]{ ;fnsf] c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlw ;Demg' k5{ . -9_ æclwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] of] ljlgodfjnL jf o; cGtu{t hf/L cfb]z / lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;Demg' k5{ . -0f_ æPs tx dflysf] clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] If]qLo lgb]{zgfno cGtu{tsf n]vf sfof{nosf] xsdf ;DalGwt If]qLo lgb]{zgfno k|d'v, lgb]{zgfno cGtu{tsf ljefu jf sfof{nosf] xsdf ;DalGwt lgb]{zgfno k|d'v tyf If]qLo lgb]{zgfno, lgb]{zgfno / ljefusf] xsdf k|aGw lgb]{zs / k|aGw lgb{]zssf] xsdf ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ . -t_ ævl/bÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd s'g} dfn;fdfg, crn ;DklQ, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ jf 9'jfgL tyf lSnol/Ë sfo{ u/fpg] jf s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ . -y_ ævl/b ;Demf}tfÆ eGgfn] sDkgL / cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos aLr o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd ePsf] vl/b tyf k|flKt ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ;Demg' k5{ . -b_ ædfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] rn jf crn h'g;'s} lsl;dsf] j:t' ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] j:t' cfk"lt{ ug]{ sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs -;xfos_ ;]jf tyf ;km6j]o/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -w_ æcrn ;DklQÆ eGgfn] hUuf, 3/, ejg jf o:t} k|sf/sf ;+/rgf ;Demg' k5{ . -g_ ælgdf{0f sfo{Æ eGgfn] s'g} ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f ug]{, k'gM lgdf{0f ug]{, eTsfpg], dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ jf lh0ff{]4f/ ug]{ sfo{;+u ;DalGwt lgdf{0f :yn tof/ ug]{, vGg], 78ofpg], agfpg], pks/0f jf dfn;dfg h8fg ug]{, ;hfpg] cflb h:tf sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] gS;f agfpg], k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f ug]{, e"pku|xLo kmf]6f] lvRg], e"sDkLo k/LIf0f ug]{ h:tf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs -;xfos_ ;]jf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -k_ æk/fdz{ ;]jfÆ eGgfn] s'g} cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;e]{If0f, l8hfOg, 8«O{Ë, ;'k/Lj]If0f, tfnLd, k/LIf0f ug]{ sfd, ;km6j]o/sf] ljsf; jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo af}l4s jf k]zfut ;]jf ;Demg' k5{ .
  • 12.
    3 -km_ æk|fljlws ;]jfÆeGgfn] sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu hl8t k|ljlwdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf cTofjZos x'g] k|fljlws ;]jf sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] /f]ldË 8f6f lSnol/Ë, kmfOgflG;on lSnol/Ë, P;=Pd=P;= xlaË, l;UglnË lnÍ h:tf ;]jf sfo{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -a_ æcGo ;]jfÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L ;fwg, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg ef8fdf lng] tyf dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sfof{no ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos ;]jfx? ;'/Iff, lr¶Lkq cf];f/ k;f/, kmf]6f]skL, rd]gfu[x, sfof{no tyf pks/0f ;/;kmfO{, au}+rf ;Def/, lj1fkg ;]jf, Jofkf/ k|jB{g tyf ahf/ Joj:yfkg ;]jf tyf cGo k|zf;lgs ;]jfx? ;lxt :yfgLo ?kdf k|fKt ul/g] ;]jfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpg]5 . -e_ æk|f]k|fO{6/L dfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] sDkgLdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] d'Vo oGq jf pks/0f jf k|ljlwnfO{ k"0f{ Ifdtfdf ;~rfng ug{ jf ;f]sf] u'0f, kl/df0f tyf ljz]iftfsf] :t/f]GgtL (Upgrade) ug{ jf dd{t ;Def/ ug{sf] lgldQ To:tf] oGq jf pks/0f jf k|ljlw lgdf{tfn] agfPsf] oGq, pks/0f, ;xfos pks/0f, ;km6jo/, xf8{jo/ tyf kf6{k"hf{ ;Demg' k5{ . -d_ æk|f]k|fO{6/L ;]jfÆ eGgfn] sDkgLdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] s'g} oGq, k|ljlw jf k|0ffnLdf To:tf] oGq, k|ljlw jf k|0ffnLsf] cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 lng cfjZos kg]{ ;xfos ;]jf ;Demg' k5{ . -o_ æcdfgtÆ eGgfn] sDkgL cfkm}+n] ug]{ s'g} lgdf{0f, dd{t / h8fg ;DaGwL sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ . -/_ æljz]if kl/l:yltÆ eGgfn] ;'Vvf, cgfj[li6, cltj[li6, e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL h:tf k|fs[lts jf b}jL k|sf]k tyf cfsl:ds jf ck|Toflzt ljz]if sf/0faf6 ;[lht kl/l:ylt ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] o'¢ jf cfGtl/s åGb h:tf kl/l:ylt ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . :ki6Ls/0f M æcfsl:ds jf ck|Toflzt ljz]if sf/0faf6 ;[lht kl/l:yltÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;s]sf] / cfsl:ds ?kdf ;[hgf ePsf] cj:yfsf] sf/0f sDkgLsf] ;]jf cj?4 x'g;Sg] jf ;]jf k|jfxdf uDeL/ c;/ kg{ ;Sg] kl/l:ylt ;Demg' k5{ . -n_ æl;naGbL b/efpkqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ jf dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf pknAw u/fpgsf] nflu O{R5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] l;naGbL vfdleq d"No ;d]t pNn]v u/L k]z u/]sf] ljj/0f ;Demg' k5{ .
  • 13.
    4 -j_ æb/efpkqbftfÆ eGgfn]sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg'k5{ . -z_ æaf]nkqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] vl/bsf nflu k|sfzg u/]sf] ;"rgf cg'?k tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf] d"No v'Ng] sfuhft, k|:tfj jf b//]6 ;Demg' k5{ . -if_ æaf]nkqbftfÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ . -;_ æaf]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftÆ eGgfn] af]nkqbftfn] d"No jf k|:tfj jf b//]6 e/L jf tof/ u/L k]z ug{sf nflu af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ ;DaGwLt sfof{non] tof/ u/]sf] lnvt ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg, :k]lzlkms]zg, gS;f, l8hfOg, sfo{If]qut zt{x? (Terms of Reference), sfo{tflnsf, d"NofÍgsf cfwf/x?, kl/df0f ;"rL, ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? / o:t} cGo sfuhft ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -x_ æhdfgtÆ eGgfn] lglZrt zt{sf] clwgdf /xL s'g} sfd 6'ªuf] gnfu];Dd ;'/If0f jfkt /flvPsf] ;'/If0f hdfgt /sd -l/6]G;g dgL jf cg]{i6dgL jf w/f}6L ;d]t_ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af]nkq hdfgt (Bid Bond/ Security) jf sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt (Performance Bond/ Security) jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;'/If0f /fVg' kg]{df ;f] jfkt /flvPsf] /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 . -If_ æ;+o'Qm pkj|md (Joint Venture)Æ eGgfn] b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L sDkgL jf kmd{x? ldnL ;+o'Qm jf 5'§f5'§} bfloTj ;lxt s'g} sfd ug]{ sfo{nfO{ hgfpg]5 . -q_ æPh]G6Æ eGgfn] s'g} :jb]zL jf ljb]zL JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] Ph]G;L lng] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ . -1_ æsaf]n c+s (Bid Price)Æ eGgfn] s'g} af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf saf]n u/]sf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ . -ss_æd"NoflÍt cÍ (Evaluated Price)Æ eGgfn] s'g} af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgaf6 sfod x'g cfPsf] d"Nosf] s'n cÍ ;Demg' k5{ . -sv_ æd"NofÍg ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ljlgod && adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ . -su_ æ;Demf}tf d"No (Contract Price)Æ eGgfn] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt vl/b d"No ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ul/Psf]df To:tf] cfb]z adf]lhd ePsf] sfd gfk hfFr ubf{ sfod ePsf] d"No / d"No ;dfof]hg
  • 14.
    5 ePsf]df To:tf] ;dfof]hgaf6sfod ePsf] vl/b d"NonfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 . #= ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof M o; ljlgodfjnL / o; ljlgodfjnL cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf cfb]zx?sf] JofVof ;DaGwL s'g} k|Zg p7]df ;ldltn] u/]sf] JofVof sDkgLsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] nflu clGtd x'g]5 .
  • 15.
  • 16.
    7 kl/R5]b–! vl/b of]hgf tyfvl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L $= vl/b sf/jfxLsf] tof/L ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] s'g} vl/b sf/jfxLsf] tof/L ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug]{, -v_ vl/b ;DaGwL ljleGg k|fljlws s'/f ;dfwfg ug{ / cfk"lt{stf{sf] pknAwtf olsg ug{ ahf/df k|rlnt vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] hfgsf/L lng], -u_ cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;dfg k|s[ltsf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ul/Psf] eP To:tf] vl/b k|lqmofsf] cWoog ug]{, -3_ vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{ u/fpg], -ª_ vl/bnfO{ ;'ljwfhgs ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ jf Kofs]hdf ;dfj]z ug{], -r_ vl/bsf] ljj/0f, kl/df0f / If]q olsg ug]{, -5_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] :k]l;lkms]zg, of]hgf, gS;f, l8hfOg nufotsf ljj/0f tof/ ug{], -h_ vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{, -em_ vl/bsf] cfly{s ;|f]t / /sdsf] klxrfg ug]{, -`_ vl/b ljlwsf] 5gf}6 ug]{, / -6_ of]Uotfsf cfwf/ to ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] ug]{ . %= vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLdf bL3{sflng k|efj kg{ ;Sg] of]hgf jf cfof]hgfsf] nflu vl/b ubf{ jf jflif{s kRrL; s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b sfo{ ubf{ vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf (Master Procurement Plan) tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] u'?of]hgfdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 M– -s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/, kl/df0f / df]6fdf]6L cg'dflgt d"No, -v_ vl/b ljlw, -u_ vl/bnfO{ ljleGg r/0fdf ul/g] jf Kofs]h agfOg] eP ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -3_ vl/bsf] nflu k"j{ of]Uotfsf] sf/jfxL ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL s'/f, -ª_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] df]6fdf]6L ;do tflnsf, / -r_ u'?of]hgfdf /fVg'kg]{ egL ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf s'/fx? .
  • 17.
    8 -#_ pkljlgod -!_adf]lhdsf] u'?of]hgf ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd :jLs[t u'?of]hgf ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] vl/b OsfO{n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{ cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 . ^= jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] jflif{s Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] s'g} vl/b jf k|flKt ug'{ kg]{ ePdf jflif{s sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 tof/ ubf{ jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L vl/b of]hgf tof/ ubf{ ljlgod % adf]lhd vl/bsf] u'? of]hgf ;d]t tof/ ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] u'? of]hgfsf] ;d]t cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] ;do tflnsf, -u_ vl/b ljlw, -3_ vl/bsf] nflu ul/g] ;Demf}tfsf] lsl;d, / -ª_ jflif{s vl/b of]hgfdf /fVg' kg]{ egL ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ;do tflnsfdf b]xfosf] sfd ug]{ ;dofjlw pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ :k]l;lkms]zg, 8«OË, l8hfOg, gS;f nufotsf ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, -v_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj jf af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug{], -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq cfXjfg jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{, -r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[lt ug{], -5_ ;Demf}tf ug]{, -h_ sfo{ cf/De ug{], / -em_ sfo{ k"/f ug{] . -$_ sfof{no k|d'vn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd tof/ u/]sf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgfsf] Ps Ps k|lt cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] cg'dflgt jflif{s sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 ;fy ;+nUg u/L tfn's sfof{no / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
  • 18.
    9 -%_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn]rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] :jLs[t sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 k|fKt ePkl5 ;f] cg'?k of] ljlgod adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgf kl/dfh{g ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] ;d]t u/L :jLs[tLsf] nflu ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -^_ tfn's sfof{non] vl/b sf/jfxL jflif{s vl/b of]hgf adf]lhd lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;DkGg eP gePsf] cg'udg ug{' kg]{5 . &= vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{ tyf o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ;DaGwL cGo ;a} sfo{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L k|aGw lgb]{zssf] x'g]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ vl/b sfo{ ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] jf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf] sd{rf/Laf6 u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ sDkgLn] b]xfosf] sfd ug{sf] nflu Pp6f vl/b OsfO{sf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ jf ;f]sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]Sg' kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b dfu ;+sng u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{] / vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{, -v_ sDkgLn] tof/ u/]sf] gd"gf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Bidding Document), gd"gf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Pre-qualification Document), gd"gf k|:tfj dfu ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Request for Proposal) / gd"gf vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft (Standard Contract Document) df cfjZostf cg';f/ x]/k]m/ u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug]{, -u_ vl/b ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{, -3_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ljt/0f ug]{ jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg], -ª_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ug]{ / To;nfO{ ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg], -r_ kg{ cfPsf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] nflu d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ / d"NoflÍt af]nkq :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{, -5_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf lbg], -h_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lng] / To;sf] k/LIf0f u/L ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg], -em_ vl/b u/]sf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg],
  • 19.
    10 -`_ ;fj{hlgs vl/bcg'udg sfof{non] dfu u/]sf] hfgsf/L / sfuhft pknAw u/fpg], -6_ vl/b sf/jfxL;Fu ;DalGwt sfddf ;dGjo ug{], -7_ k|lttkq (Letter of Credit or Documentary Credit), sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt (Performance Bond) tyf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|:tfj hdfgt (Bid Bond) sf] clen]v /fVg], / -8_ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] cGo sfo{ ug]{ . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ubf{ jf u/fpFbf vl/b O{sfO{ jf ;f]sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] OsfO{n] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 20.
    11 kl/R5]b–@ of]Uotfsf cfwf/, k|fljlwsIfdtf / k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg *= af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf M -!_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5M– -s_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/ jf vl/bsf] nflu k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] sf/jfxL rnfOPsf]df k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/, / -v_ k|:tfjbftfn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/ . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf of]Uotfsf cfwf/ pNn]v ubf{ k]zfut / k|fljlws of]Uotf, pks/0fsf] pknAwtf, ljutsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg, laqmL kl5sf] ;]jfsf] Joj:yf, hu]8f kf6{k"hf{sf] pknAwtf, sfg"gL ;Ifdtf, ljQLo ;|f]t / cj:yf, k]zfut s;"/ u/] jfktsf] ;hfo / o:t} cGo cfwf/x? pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd cfwf/ pNn]v ubf{ s'g} vf; ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] dfq efu lng kfpg] jf s'g} vf; ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] efu lng gkfpg] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -$_ af]nkq, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, k/fdz{ ;]jf / k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ubf{ qmdzM af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft / k|:tfj dfu ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd dfq d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf cfwf/x? s'g} e]befj lagf ;a} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;dfg ?kn] nfu" x'g] 5g . -%_ o; ljlgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;f7L nfv ?k}ofFeGbf sd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{df s'g} of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ul/g] 5}g . -^_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] k]z u/]sf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL ljj/0f tYout ?kdf e'm¶f jf ;f/e't ?kdf ck'/f] ePsf] kfOPdf sDkgLn] s'g} klg ;dodf To:tf] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ cof]Uo 7x/fpg ;Sg]5 . t/ ;fgfltgf q'6L ePsf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L dfu u/L ;Rofpg ;lsg]5 . :ki6Ls/0f M o; pkljlgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fgfltgf q'6LÆ eGgfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt ljj/0f;Fu tflTjs ?kdf leGg gx'g] eflifs cz'l4 h:tf q'6L ;Demg' k5{ .
  • 21.
    12 (= dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ;DaGwL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] af]nkqbftfsf] jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ sDkgLn] b]xfosf s'/fx? dWo] cfjZostfg';f/ s'g} jf ;a} s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|fljlws Ifdtf, -v_ dfn;fdfg pTkfbg ;DaGwL clen]v (Manufacturing Record), -u_ dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f (Technical Specification), -3_ cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf, -ª_ dfn;fdfg h8fg ug{'kg]{ ePdf h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] k|fljlwssf] bIftf, -r_ cfk"lt{ x'g] dfn;fdfg vf; cjlw;Dd ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] k|Tofe"lt, -5_ dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/sf] Joj:yf, -h_ ;]jf / hu]8f kf6{k"hf{sf] pknAwtf, -em_ h8fg ;d]t ug'{kg]{ u/L dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ cfk"lt{stf{sf] xsdf lghsf] ;Lk, lgk"0f{tf, cg'ej / ljZj;lgotf, -`_ sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/fx? . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf / k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] dfn;fdfgsf] k|s[lt, kl/df0f, dxTj jf k|of]u cg';f/ b]xfosf dWo] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfn] ljut sDtLdf tLg jif{sf] cjlwdf cGo ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ cfk"lt{ u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] k|sl[t, kl/df0f, ;Demf}tf /sd, ldlt / To:tf] ;+:yfsf] gfd tyf 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg hl6n jf c;fwf/0f k|s[ltsf] ePdf sDkgL cfk}+mn] jf sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 af]nkqbftf ;+:yflkt ePsf] b]zsf] cflwsfl/s lgsfon] lghsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf hfFr u/]sf] sfuhft, -u_ cflwsfl/s u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ;+:yf jf dfGotf k|fKt lgsfon] vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] lg/LIf0f u/L To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] :k]l;lkms]zg / u'0f:t/ ;DaGwdf lbPsf] k|df0fkq, -3_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] cflwsfl/stf k|dfl0ft ug{ cfjZos kg]{ gd"gf, k'/s ljj/0f jf kmf]6f]x?, -ª_ ;a–sG6«fS6/af6 u/fpg rfx]sf] sfdsf] cg'kft . -#_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftf cfkmF}n] gagfpg] jf pTkfbg gug]{ ePdf To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbsn] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] nflu k|:tfj k]z ug]{, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ / h8fg ug]{ ;DaGwL clwsf/ cfkm"nfO{ /Ltk"j{s k|bfg u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft af]nkqbftf jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 22.
    13 -$_ g]kfnleq Jofkf/Joj;fo ;~rfng gePsf] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] lghn] vl/b ;emf}tf k|fKt u/]df To:tf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd cfk"lt{ ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{, laqmL kZrftsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ tyf cfjZos hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ df}Hbft /fvL cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg] lghsf] Ph]G6 jf clws[t ljs|]tf g]kfndf /xg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !)= lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ sDkgLn] ;f7L nfv ?k}ofFeGbf dflysf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DaGwL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f dWo] cfjZostfg';f/ s'g} jf ;a} s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ d'Vo ;Demf}tfstf{ (Prime Contractor) eO{ Psnf}6L ?kdf sfd u/]sf] jf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf u/L sfd u/]sf] jf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf ;a–sG6«fS6/sf] ?kdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej, -v_ Psnf}6L ?kdf sfd ;DkGg u/]sf] jf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] x}l;otn] sfd u/]sf] ;d]t u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;Ldf jf ;f]eGbf a9L /sdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] Go"gtd ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/, t/, /fli6«o:t/df v'nf af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf] cj:yfdf ljut bz jif{sf] sf/f]af/ dWo]sf] s'g} tLg jif{sf] clwstd ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/nfO{ cfwf/ lnOg]5 . -u_ k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tf;+u d]n vfg] k|s[lt, hl6ntf / lgdf{0f k|ljlwsf vl/b ;Demf}tf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;+Vofdf ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg u/]sf] ljz]if cg'ej, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ug{sf] nflu cfjZos /sd e'QmfgL gkfpg] jf kfpg l9nfO{ x'g] cj:yfdf k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] jf ;~rfng ug{ k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] cGo lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ gub k|jfxsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] t/n ;DklQ, shf{ ;'ljwf / cGo ljQLo ;|f]t -s'g} vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] k]ZsL /sd afx]s_ pknAw ePsf] jf To:tf] ;DklQsf] ;|f]tdf kx'Fr ePsf] cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf, -ª_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf bIf hgzlQm,
  • 23.
    14 -r_ af]nkqbftf jfk"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] cfkmg} :jfldTjdf /x]sf] jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlwe/ lgjf{w ?kdf pkof]u ug{;Sg] u/L ef8f, lnh, ;Demf}tf jf cGo Joj;flos dfWodaf6 pknAw x'g] rfn' xfntsf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf d'Vo pks/0f . -@_ /fli6«o lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] xsdf pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] /sd u0fgf ubf{ d"No clej[l4 s/ jfktsf] /sd s6fO{ x'g cfpg] /sd dfq u0fgf ul/g]5 / To:tf] /sdnfO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}Ísf] cBfjlws d"No ;"rsfÍ cg';f/ ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 . -#_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfaf6 lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ ljut bz jif{sf] cjlwdf lghn] ;DkGg u/]sf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] d"No, ldlt / sfo{ :ynsf] ljj/0f, -v_ lghn] ;a–sG6«fS6/ dfk{mt u/fpg rfx]sf] k|:tfljt sfdsf] cg'kft / of]Uotfsf] cfwf/, -u_ k|:tfljt sfd ;DkGg ug{sf nflu lgh;Fu ePsf k|fljlws pks/0f / KnfG6sf] ljj/0f . !!= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ M -!_ sDkgLn] k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftf JolQm eP lghsf] / kmd{ jf ;+:yf eP cfjZos ;+:yfut sfo{ cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfjbftfsf] d'Vo d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZos z}lIfs of]Uotf / p:t} k|s[ltsf] sfo{sf] cfjZos cg'ej, -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf, sfo{ljlw, sfo{If]qut zt{ k|ltsf] k|efju|flxtf (Responsiveness to Terms of Reference), k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f / ;do tflnsf, -3_ k|:tfjbftfsf] Joj:yfkg Ifdtf, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s Ifdtf, -r_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/af6 k|:tfj dfu ul/Psf] ePdf :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutf, / -5_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cGo s'/f . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
  • 24.
    15 -s_ ljut bzjif{sf] cjlwdf k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jf;Fu ldNg] k|s[ltsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs jf lghL ;+:yf, /sd / ldlt v'Ng] ljj/0f, -v_ k|:tfljt sfd ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -u_ lghsf] ljut tLg jif{sf Joj:yfksLo sd{rf/L / ;/b/ jflif{s hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f, / -3_ ;a–sG6«fS6/ dfk{mt k|bfg ug{ rfx]sf] k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] c+z / of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ . !@= k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ M -!_ sDkgLn] k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] sfo{ cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfjbftfsf] u|fxs cfwf/ jf g]6js{, -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf, sfo{ljlw, sfo{If]qut zt{ k|ltsf] k|efju|flxtf, sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;do tflnsf, -3_ k|:tfjbftfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s Ifdtf, -r_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cGo s'/f . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ k|:tfljt k|fljlws ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ ljut sDtLdf tLg jif{sf] cjlwdf k|:tfljt ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f, -v_ k|:tfljt sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf d'Vo sd{rf/L tyf pks/0fx?sf] ljj/0f, -u_ ljut tLg jif{sf Joj:yfksLo sd{rf/L / ;/b/ jflif{s hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f . !#= ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ s'g} vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?n] Ps ;+o'Qm pkj|md agfO{ af]nkq k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g . t/, Ps af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf JolQmut dWo] s'g} Pp6f dfq af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+o'Qm pkj|mddf /xg] ;fem]bf/sf] Go"gtd lx:;f / d'Vo ;fe]mbf/ tyf cGo ;fe]mbf/sf] Go"gtd of]Uotf af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
  • 25.
    16 -#_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod-@_ adf]lhd of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ubf{ To:tf] pkj|mddf /xg] ;fem]bf/sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ lghsf] ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/, -v_ lghsf] ljz]if cg'ej / lghn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] k|d'v sfo{, -u_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ lgh;Fu ePsf] gub k|jfx, -3_ lghsf] hgzlQm ;DaGwL Ifdtf, -ª_ lghsf] cf}hf/ jf pks/0f ;DaGwL Ifdtf . -$_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkj|mdn] af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt Go"gtd of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? k"/f u/] gu/]sf] olsg ug{sf] nflu To:tf] pkj|mdsf] ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] of]Uotf u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ sDkgLn] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] JolQmut of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt sfddf lghsf] cg'ej, -v_ cGo ;Demf}tf adf]lhd lghn] ul//x]sf] jf ug]{ sfd ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;|f]tsf] kof{Kttf, -u_ ljQLo ;Ifdtf, -3_ ljutsf lgh ;+nUg /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs vl/b ;DaGwL d'2f dfldnf / ;f]sf] glthf . -^_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkj|md vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePdf sDkgLn] To:tf] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdnfO{ ;f] pkj|mddf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf ;fem]bf/sf] JolQmut / ;f] pkj|mdsf] ;femf bfloTj ;d]t /xg] u/L cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 . -&_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkj|mdn] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ubf{ af]nkq jf k|:tfj hdfgt ;d]t k]z ug{' kg]{ ePdf To:tf] hdfgt pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf ;j} ;fem]bf/sf] gfddf / ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] bfloTj x'g] u/L] hf/L ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{5 . -*_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL cGo zt{ af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . !$= cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf v'Ng] sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfsf] cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf dWo] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ lghsf] a}Í :6]6d]06, -v_ lghsf] Joj;fo ;DaGwL sf/f]af/sf] cfly{s ljj/0f, -u_ lghsf] ;DklQ, bfloTj tyf gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] ljj/0f v'Ng] ljQLo ljj/0f, -3_ lghsf] cfly{s / ljQLo x}l;ot v'Ng] cGo s'/f,
  • 26.
    17 -ª_ af]nkq ;DaGwLsfuhftdf plNnlvt cGo ljj/0f . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] ljQLo ljj/0f dfu ubf{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ ljut b'O{b]lv kfFr cfly{s jif{sf] ljQLo ljj/0f dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .
  • 27.
    18 kl/R5]b–# vl/b ljlw tyfk|lj|mof !%= vl/b cfb]zaf6 dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] bz xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt vl/b cfb]zn] dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 . !^= vl/b dfu k|fKt ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ cl3 sDkgLsf] vl/b PsfO{n] lgb]{zgfno, ljefu jf zfvfAff6 vl/b dfu k|fKt u/L ;f] dfu clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b dfudf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] k|sf/ / kl/df0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ dfn;fdfg cfjZos kg]{ ;do, -u_ vl/bsf] cg'dflgt d"No . !&= ah]6 tyf lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf M -!_ vl/bsf] nflu cfjZos ah]6 Joj:yf geO{ vl/b sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ xF'b}g . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ah]6sf] Joj:yf geP klg vl/b sf/jfxL z'? ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ ax'jif{L{o ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf klxnf] jif{sf] nflu cfjZos ah]6 Joj:yf ePkl5 cGo jif{sf] nflu vl/b sf/jfxL ug{, -v_ vl/b ;DaGwL] k|f/lDes tof/L ug'{ cTofjZos eO{ l;naGbL b/efpkq jf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{, k"j{of]Uotfsf] b/vf:t cfXjfg ug]{, k/fdz{bftfsf] ;"rL tof/ ug{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{], k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|:tfj dfu ug{] jf l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd, af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft pknAw u/fpg] h:tf sfo{ ug{ . -#_ lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf tyf ejg lgdf{0f Ohfht kq geP;Dd lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ug'{ x'Fb}g . !*= dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;]jfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{ cl3 To; ;DaGwL :k]lzlkms]zg, of]hgf, gS;f, l8hfOg, cfjZostf, nfut cg'dfg jf cGo ljj/0fx? tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 28.
    19 -@_ pkljlgod -!_adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ To:tf dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jfsf] ;Da4 j:t'ut k|fljlws tyf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftf / sfdsf] cfwf/df tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jfsf] ljz]iftfx? :ki6 ?kdf a'lemg] u/L pNn]v ug]{ csf]{ s'g} pkfo gePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd, k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . t/, To;/L pNn]v gu/L gx'g] cj:yfdf s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd, k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v u/L æ;f] ;/xÆ eGg] zAbx? pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . -$_ l;naGbL b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws jf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftfx?sf] ljj/0f / 6]li6Ë, dfls{Ë, Kofs]lhË, n]alnË jf k'i6Ls/0fsf] k|df0fkq (Conformity Certificate) ;DaGwL cfwf/ jf ;+s]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v ubf{ To:tf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] sfd;Fu c;Da4 x'g], of]Uo b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftfnfO{ vl/b k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g s'g} lsl;dn] afwf k'¥ofpg] jf cf}lrTo lagf k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;Lldt ug]{ u/L ljj/0f, cfwf/, ;+s]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vn] ;f] ljifodf 1fg ePsf bIf hgzlQmx?sf] Ps ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DalGwt sfof{nodf To:tf hgzlQm geP tfn's sfof{non] To:tf] ;ldlt u7g u/L lbg' kg]{5 . !(= nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ / cBfjlws ug{' kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g} klg vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ 5}g . -@_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd Pp6} vl/b ;Demf}tfaf6 x'g ;Sg] jf sfd lkR5] 5'§} vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ jf gkg]{, -u_ vl/bsf] cGo s'g} ljsNk eP To:tf] ljsNk, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu nfUg ;Sg] clwstd /sd tyf ;do, -ª_ g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 lgwf{l/t d"No j[l4 ;"rsfÍ, -r_ ljlgdo b/ kl/jt{gsf] k|efj, -5_ k|rlnt s/ tyf z'Ns . -#_ sDkgLn] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ af]nkq jf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt nufot df]ljnfO{h]zg / l8df]ljnfO{h]zg vr{, aLdf, k/fdz{bftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{
  • 29.
    20 ;'ljwf jfktsf sfo{x?,u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f, Joj;fohGo :jf:Yo / ;'/Iff, Ph ljN6 gS;f ;d]tsf] 5'§} ljj/0f agfO{ nfut cg'dfgdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ul/;s]kl5 ah]6 Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cfjZostfg';f/ hDdf nfut cg'dfgdf d"No ;dfof]hg slG6Gh]lG; /sd, lkmlhsn slG6Gh]lG; /sd / d"No clej[lå s/ /sd ;d]t yk u/L nfut cg'dfg sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ePkl5 ;f] tof/ ug]{ k|fljlwseGbf Ps tx dflysf] k|fljlws -sDtLdf clws[t :t/_ jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d"xaf6 To;nfO{ hfFRg nufpg' kg]{5 . hfFr ug]{ clwsf/L gePsf] v08df :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Ln] g} hfFr u/L :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 . -^_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd s'g} vl/b sfo{sf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfgdf To:tf] vl/b sfo{ x'g g;s]df sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnLsf] k|lj|mof ckgfO{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{df o:tf] nfut cg'dfg cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 . @)= lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( sf] cwLgdf /xL lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ sDkgLsf] lgdf{0f ;DaGwL k|fljlwsaf6 cfjZos gD;{ tof/ ug{ nufO{ To:tf] gD;{ k|aGw lgb]{zsaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ dfn;fdfg :ynut ?kdf pknAw x'g] jf gx'g] cWoog u/L lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw ls6fg ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lx?sf] b/efp, d]lzg tyf pks/0fsf] ef8f jf sfdbf/sf] Hofnf lgwf{/0f ubf{ lhNnf b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] b//]6sf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] b//]6 pknAw gePsf]df lgdf{0f:yn glhs}sf] ;DalGwt ;/sf/L sfof{no jf ;/sf/L :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yfg, k|flws/0f, lgud jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf] b/efp jf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] lbPsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnfsf cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnf ;d]t pknAw x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] b//]6 lgwf{/0f ubf{ sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]lslbPsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnfsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg{]5 . @!= dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( / ;DalGwt dfn;fdfgsf] :k]l;lkms]zgsf] cwLgdf /xL dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–
  • 30.
    21 -s_ rfn' jfcl3Nnf jif{x?df ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs nfut, -v_ :yfgLo ahf/df k|rlnt b/efp, -u_ cGo ahf/sf] k|rlnt b/efp / dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ :yfg;Dd nfUg] cg'dflgt 9'jfgL vr{, -3_ g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 lgwf{l/t d"No j[l4 ;"rsfÍ . @@= k|fljlws ;]jf tyf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( sf] cwLgdf /xL k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg ;DaGwL gD;{ tof/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] gD;{, -v_ ;DalGwt k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jfsf] sfo{ If]qut zt{, -u_ rfn' jf cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs nfut, t/, To:tf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ cl3Nnf jif{x?sf] b/df d"No ;dfof]hg u/L tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -3_ k|rlnt /fli6«o jf cGt/f{li6«o b/efp . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf vr{x? ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ d'Vo hgzlQm Pj+ cGo hgzlQmsf] kfl/>lds, -v_ e|d0f vr{, hgzlQmsf] a;f]af; vr{, sfof{no vr{, cfjZos dfn;fdfg pks/0f / ;]jf vr{, k|ltj]bg / cGo sfuhftsf] cg'jfb, 5kfO{ vr{, -u_ k/fdz{bftfn] tflnd, uf]i7L jf e|d0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ eP To:tf] sfdsf] nflu nfUg] vr{ nufotsf] cGo vr{ . @#= cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod !( sf] cwLgdf /xL cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ ef8fdf lng' kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg/L cf}hf/, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ef8fdf lng kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg/L cf}hf/, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f, :k]l;lkms]zg, cj:yf / cfo', -v_ k|rlnt ahf/ b/, -u_ ef8fdf lng] cjlw, -3_ O{Gwgsf] d"No tyf vkt, -ª_ cGo pko'Qm s'/fx? .
  • 31.
    22 -#_ 9'jfgLsf] nfutcg'dfg tof/ ubf{ :yn dfu{af6 9'jfgL ul/g]df ;DalGwt sfof{non] lhNnf b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] b//]6sf] cfwf/df / To:tf] ljefuLo b//]6 gePsf] cj:yfdf k|rlnt ahf/ b//]6sf] cfwf/df nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg{]5 . xjfO{ dfu{af6 9'jfgL ubf{ k|rlnt ahf/ b//]6sf] cfwf/df nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ ;]jf s/f/, dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ jf cGo cfjZos ;]jf ;DaGwL nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ k|rlnt ahf/ b/ / ;f] ;DaGwL gD;{ eP ;f] cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . @$= nfut cg'dfgsf] :jLs[lt M -!_ ljlgodx? @), @! / @# adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfg ljlgod !!) sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd :jLs[t x'g' kg]{5 . -@_ ljlgod @@ adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] nfut cg'dfg ljlgod !!) sf] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd :jLs[t x'g' kg]{5 . @%= :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf;+u vl/b ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g} vl/b ubf{ cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{noaf6 :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt gu/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 ;d]t vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf sd /sdsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ubf{, -v_ d"No clej[l¢ s/ gnfUg] dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ubf{, -u_ 3/ tyf hUuf ef8fdf lng' kbf{, -3_ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d'bfoaf6 vl/b ubf{, -ª_ ljb]zL cfk"lt{stf{af6 dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ubf{ . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] b'u{d If]q egL tf]s]sf] lhNnfdf s'g} klg kmd{ jf ljs|]tfn] ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{noaf6 d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq lnPsf] /x]g5 eg] ;f] lhNnfsf] nflu sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tof/ kf/]sf] lhNnfdf pknAw cfk"lt{stf{sf] ;"rLdf /x]sf cfk"lt{stf{af6 bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . @^= vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] vl/b ubf{ o; ljlgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfosf] s'g} Ps ljlw ckgfO{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 M–
  • 32.
    23 -!_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0fsfo{ jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{kbf{ M -s_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/df v'Nnf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L, -v_ /fli6«o :t/df v'Nnf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg u/L, -3_ ;f]em} vl/b u/L, -ª_ cdfgtaf6 . -@_ k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ M -s_ k|lt:kwf{Tds k|:tfj dfu u/L, -v_ ;f]em} jftf{af6 . @&= v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|:tfj cfXjfg u/L vl/b ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s sDkgLn] s'g} klg vl/b ug'{ kbf{ :jLs[t ah]6nfO{ ljrf/ u/L sfo{qmd agfO{ v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq jf l;naGbL b/efpkq jf k|lt:kwf{Tds k|:tfj cfXjfg u/L vl/b ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 / of]Uo af]nkqbftf jf l;naGbL b/efpkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ To:tf] vl/b k|ls|ofdf ;xefuL x'g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ vl/b ubf{ k|lt:kwf{ ;Lldt x'g] u/L 6'qmf 6'qmf kf/L vl/b ug'{ xF'b}g . @*= crn ;DklQ k|flKt Pj+ vl/b Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLsf] ljsf; sfo{ tyf sfof{no k|of]usf nflu pko'Qm x'g] crn ;DklQ lgMz'Ns k|fKt x'g] ePdf ;f] crn ;DklQ sDkgLsf gfpFdf /lhi6]«zg kf; u/fO{ lnOg]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] cfjZos kg]{ crn ;DklQ b]xfo adf]lhd vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ crn ;DklQ vl/b ubf{ vl/b ug{ rfx]sf] :yfg tyf cf;kf;sf] If]q, oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joxf]/f / cGo k|fljlws ljj/0f v'nfO{ crn ;DklQ wgLx?af6 sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ af]nkq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ cg';f/ af]nkq ;"rgf adf]lhd af]nkq bflvnf ug{] crn ;DklQ wgLn] ;"rgfdf pNn]v ul/Psf ljj/0fsf ;fy} cfkmgf] crn ;DklQsf] :jfldTj ;DaGwL k|dfl0ft sfuhftx? klg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf af]nkqx?df plNnlvt crn ;DklQsf] k|fljlws / :ynut ?kdf ;d]t lg/LIf0f ug{ ;DalGwt k|fljlws ;lxtsf] Ps d"NofÍg ;ldlt /xg]5 . ;f] d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pko'Qm elg l;kmfl/; u/]sf] crn ;DklQ sDkgLn] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 . -3_ s'g} If]qdf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf lj:tf/sf] nflu k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fn] Pp6f dfq hUuf tyf crn ;DklQ pko'Qm b]lvPdf k|rlnt
  • 33.
    24 hUuf k|flKt P]gadf]lhd pQm hUuf tyf crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cg'/f]w u/L ;DalGwt k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf /x]sf] d'cfAhf lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . @(= dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf M dfn;dfg vl/b ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m jftf{af6 . t/, k|aGw lgb]{zsn] g]kfnleq}af6 ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf Ps k6sdf bz nfv ?k}ofF;Dd tyf ljb]zaf6 ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf Ps k6sdf kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m jftf{af6 vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f] /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] xsdf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd l;naGbL b/efpkqaf6 . -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] ePdf af]nkqaf6 . #)= 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yf M dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL u/fpFbf b]xfo adf]lhd /Lt k'¥ofpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ :yndfu{af6 k'm6s/ 9'jfgL u/fpFbf Ps k6sdf tLg nfv ?k}ofF;Dd / xjfO{dfu{af6 k'm6s/ 9'jfgL u/fpFbf Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m vl/baf6 . t/, Ps k6sdf :yndfu{af6 kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd / xjfO{dfu{af6 aL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd 9'jfgL u/fpFbf k|aGw lgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ ;f]e}m vl/baf6 9'jfgL sfo{ u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{sf] nflu l;naGbL b/efpkqaf6 . -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] 9'jfgL u/fpFbf af]nkqaf6 . #!= lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yf M -!_ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg cg';f/ lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t jf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpFbf b]xfo adf]lhd u/fpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ u/fpg' kbf{ ;f]e}m vl/baf6 . t/, jfo/n]; k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t ;]jfsf] la=l6=P;=, 6fj/ jf le– :of6 tyf l/lk6/ :6]zg h8fgsf] nflu lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ k|aGw
  • 34.
    25 lgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[ltlnO{ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ ;f]e}m vl/baf6 ug{ ;lsg]5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ u/fpFbf l;naGbL b/efpkq lnO{ ;f]sf] cfwf/af6 . -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9Lsf] sfo{ u/fpFbf af]nkqaf6 . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd b/efpkq jf af]nkqåf/f lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ jf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpFbf lgdf{0f Joj;fo P]g, @)%% cGtu{t btf{ eO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ohfht k|fKt u/]sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?af6 u/fpg' kg]{5 . t/, lgdf{0f Joj;foL pknAw x'g g;s]sf b'u{d If]qsf] lglDt ;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ;f] aGb]h x6fpg ;lsg] 5 . k|To]s jif{ ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd :jLs[t ubf{ s'g s'g b'u{d lhNnfdf To:tf] aGb]h nfu' gx'g] xf] ;f] sf] Joxf]/f ;d]t ;ldltn] :jLs[t ug{' kg{]{5 . #@= cGo ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo ;]jfx? vl/b ug'{ k/]df To:tf] ;]jfsf] cfjZostf, lsl;d, ;dofjlw, u'0f:t/, ;]jf ;~rfng ljlw, nfUg] df]6fdf]6L vr{ / sfo{ If]qut zt{ tof/ u/L ;DalGwt clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ b]xfo adf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;f]e}m vl/baf6, t/, Joj;fo k|j4{g sfo{sf] nflu bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf ;f]e}m vl/b ug'{ k/]df k|aGw lgb]{zssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug{ ;lsg]5 / ;f] /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] xsdf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd l;naGbL b/efpkqaf6, -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] ePdf af]nkqaf6 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf ubf{ ef8fdf lng] ;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] ljj/0f u'0f:t/, d"No, ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw, xhf{gf / Ifltk"lt{, ;Demf}tfsf] gjLs/0fsf] cj:yf tyf ;Demf}tf vf/]h x'g] cj:yf, e'QmfgLsf] zt{ tyf cGo cfjZos zt{x? :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5 / o;/L k|:tfj cfXjfg ubf{ d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ tyf cÍef/ ;d]t :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -$_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/L ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 35.
    26 t/, k|fljlws /cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L cfXjfg ePsf] b/efpkq jf af]nkqsf] xsdf cfly{s tyf k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg u/L v"b k|fKtfÍ hf]8L ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg ubf{ ;a}eGbf a9L cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftfnfO{ 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ :jLs[t k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf ;]jf ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL k|:tfjbftf;Fu ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -^_ sfof{no k|d'vn] vKg] dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg' kbf{ bIf sd{rf/L jf ;DalGwt ljz]if1af6 / ;f] gePdf ;DalGwt sfd ug]{ JolQm, kmd{ jf ;+:yfaf6 nfut cg'dfg u/fO{ dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLsf] cfkmgf] js{zkdf dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg] ;'ljwf ePsf]df :k]o/ kf6{; vl/b u/L bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . sDkgLdf ;f] ;'ljwf geO{ cGoqaf6 dd{t u/fpg' kbf{ cfjZos :k]o/ kf6{; ;DalGwt k|fljlwsaf6 abnL ul/Psf] k|dfl0ft u/fO{ vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 / dd{t ubf{ abnL ul/Psf ;fdfgx? 5'§} vftfdf nut /fvL e08f/ bflvnf ug'{kg]{5 . -*_ sDkgLdf k|of]u ePsf pks/0fx? ljlgod #% adf]lhdsf] k|f]k|fO{6/L k|s[ltsf] e} ;DalGwt lgdf{tfsf]df g} dd{tsf] nflu k7fpg' kg]{ cj:yf k/]df To:tf] pks/0f vl/b ubf{sf cj:yfdf s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] eP ;f]xL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd / ;Demf}tf gePsf]df b/efp jf jftf{åf/f pks/0fx? dd{t u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . ##= k|fljlws ;]jf k|flKt tyf vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLnfO{ cfjZos k|fljlws ;]jf lng'k/]df ;DalGwt ;]jf k|bfos kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 k|:tfj dfu u/L lng ;lsg] 5 . -@_ k|fljlws ;]jf k|:tfj dfu ug'{ cl3 sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/fx?sf] cnfjf b]xfosf s'/fx? ;dfj]z u/L ;f] ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b ul/g] ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ cjlw, :yfg, ;]jfsf] sfo{If]qut zt{, ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ sfo{ tyf ck]lIft kl/0ffd / k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf, -v_ k|:tfj tof/ ug{ k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ lgb]{zg, -u_ k|:tfj d"NofÍg / t'ngf ug]{ cfwf/, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? -6D;{ ckm /]km/]G;_, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfn] sfo{If]qut zt{df l6Kk0fL ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg] . -#_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/x? pNn]v ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'g} jf ;a} cfwf/x? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotf tyf ug'{ kg]{ sfd ;DaGwL cg'ej, -v_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ k|:tfljt tl/sf,
  • 36.
    27 -u_ k|:tfljt d'VohgzlQm jf pks/0fsf] of]Uotf . -$_ k|:tfj dfu ubf{ sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt sfo{sf] ;fdfGo ljj/0f, -u_ k|:tfjbftfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{ sfuhft, -3_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] :yfg, sDkgL;Fu ;Dks{ ug]{ 7]ufgf / ;Dks{ JolQm . -%_ k|:tfj vf]Ng' cl3 Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] k|:tfjsf] vfd / /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf k|:tfj gvf]nL ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L lkmtf{ ul/Psf] s'/f, ldlt / ;do vl/b sf/jfxLsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . k|:tfj vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]Ng' kg]{5 . o;/L k|:tfj vf]Nbf d'r'Nsf tof/ u/L ;f] d'r'Nsfdf pkl:yt k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{5 . t/, k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt geP klg k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] k|:tfj sDkgLn] oyfzL3| d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . -&_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ adf]lhd k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg u/L b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t pNn]v u/L d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ k|:tfjbftf k|:tfj k]z ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] k'i6ofO{+ ug]{ sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -3_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k k|:tfj k"0f{ eP jf gePsf], -ª_ k|To]s k|:tfjsf] ;fk]lIfs ;jntf, b'j{ntf / d"NofÍg kl/0ffd . -*_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf]df afx]s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;f] k|:tfjdf d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;]jfk|bfosnfO{ nfUg] s/ ;d]t lghsf] ;]jf z'Nsdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] dflgg]5 . -(_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfjdf e]l6Psf] cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L q'6L ;RofpFbf OsfO{ b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf OsfO{ b/ dfGo x'g]5 / To:tf] OsfO{ b/ adf]lhd s'n /sd ;RofO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
  • 37.
    28 -!)_ k|:tfjbftfn] d"Nodfs'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj u/]sf] s'/f k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To;/L 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] /sd ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . -!!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL k|:tfjbftf dWo] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -!@_ :jLs[tLsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;Fu sfo{ If]qut zt{, k|ult k|ltj]bg, sDkgLn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'/fx?sf ljifodf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L jftf{ ubf{ sDkgL / k|:tfjbftf b'j}nfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] ;xdlt xfl;n x'g g;s]df sDkgLn] To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;Fu qmd};Fu jftf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . -!#_ pkljlgod -!@_ adf]lhd ePsf] jftf{df ;xdltdf k'u]sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L cGo k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg]{5 . -!$_ pkljlgod -!#_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq s'g} k|:tfjbftfn] ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg gu/]df 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ ;"rgf k|fKt ePsf] kGw|lbgleq ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -!%_ :jLs[t ePsf] k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf pkljlgod -!$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;Demf}tf ug{ cfPdf lgh;Fu ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, To:tf] k|:tfjbftf pkljlgod -!$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!@_ adf]lhd csf{] k|:tfjbftf;Fu jftf{ u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -!^_ b]xfosf s'g} cj:yfdf sDkgLn] ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfjx? ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, -v_ 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] nfut sDkgLsf] nfut cg'dfg / pknAw ah]6eGbf ;f/e"t?kdf a9L ePdf, -u_ dfu ePsf] k|fljlws ;]jf cfjZos gkg]{ ePdf, -3_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L k|:tfj lbPsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf . t/, ldnf]dtf] gu/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj pk/ sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . #$= sfof{nosf] nflu 3/, hUuf / pks/0f ef8fdf lng] Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLnfO{ cfjZos 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd ef8fdf lnFbf ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL sa'lnot u/fO{ b]xfo adf]lhd lng ;lsg]5 M
  • 38.
    29 -s_ jflif{s b'O{nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ef8f kg{] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd ;DalGwt 3/, hUuf / uf]bfd wgL;Fu ;f]e}m jftf{ u/L, -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L jflif{s kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ef8f kg{] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd /]06 sldl6n] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] d"Nodf ;f]e}m jftf{ u/L, -u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L ef8f kg{] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfd cfjZos s'/fx¿ v'nfO{ sDtLdf kGw lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]/ /]06 sldl6n] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] d"Nodf . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg jfo/n]; k|ljlwsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cfjZos a]; :6]zg h8fg ug{sf] nflu k|fljlws b[li6sf]0faf6 pko'Qm egL 5gf}6 ePsf] 3/ jf hUuf ef8fdf lnFbf To:tf] 3/ jf hUufsf] wgL;Fu ;f]e}m jftf{ u/L /]06 sldl6sf] l;kmfl/;df lng ;lsg]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhd /]06 sldl6 x'g]5 M– -s_ s]Gb|Lo :t/df M ;DalGwt gfoj k|aGw lgb{]zs jf lgb{]zs – cWoIf k|ltlglw, l;len ljefu – ;b:o k|ltlglw, sfg"g zfvf – ;b:o ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v – ;b:o k|ltlglw, n]vf – ;b:o ;lrj -v_ :yfgLo :t/df M If]qLo lgb{]zs – cWoIf ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v – ;b:o k|ltlglw, l;len zfvf – ;b:o ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] n]vf k|d'v – ;b:o k|ltlglw, k|zf;g zfvf – ;b:o ;lrj -$_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ef8fdf lnPsf] 3/, hUuf jf uf]bfdsf] wgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / axfn cÍ v'Ng] ljj/0f ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{non] dfu u/] adf]lhd k7fO{ lbg' kb{5 . -%_ sDkgLn] b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]kfndf sfo{/t b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf tyf cGo ;+:yfx¿sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;+/rgf -h:t}M 3/, 6fj/, la=l6=P;=, kfj/ tyf cGo pks/0f_ / ;f]sf] ;'/Iff ;d]tsf] nflu ;+o'Qm ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ cfk;L ;xdltsf] cfwf/df to ePsf] b/df jftf{ u/L lng lbg ;Sg]5 . -^_ jfo/n]; k|ljlwsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cfjZos la=l6=P;= ejg tyf ;f]df h8fg ePsf] 6fj/, pks/0f, Po/ sl08;g, h]g]/]6/, lah'nL, ;'/Iff nufot ;]jf jf ;fdfg ef8fdf lng' k/]df To:tf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{] p2]Zo /fvL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf kmd{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs
  • 39.
    30 ;"rgf k|sfzg u/Lk|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L b]xfosf] ;ldltaf6 nfe, nfut tyf ahf/ d"Nosf] d"NofÍg ;lxtsf] l;kmfl/; lnO{ ef8fdf lng ;lsg]5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb{]zgfno k|d'v – ;+of]hs -v_ ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb{]zgfno k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 – ;b:o -u_ ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb{]zgfnosf] n]vf k|d'v – ;b:o #%= ;f]e}m vl/b ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf ;f]e}m vl/b ug{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ;f]e}m u/fpg ;lsg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ;DaGwL zt{x? k"/f ug]{ k|fljlws bIftf jf Ifdtf Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu ePdf, -v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, kf6{k"hf{ jf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug]{ jf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ clwsf/ Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu ePsf] / cGo pko'Qm ljsNk gePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] k|f]k|fO{6/L dfn;fdfg jf kf6{k'hf{ jf ;]jf ;f]sf] cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu jf lghsf] cflwsfl/s ljq]mtf jf cflwsfl/s Ph]06 jf sfg"gL k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm jf ;+:yf dfk{mt vl/b ubf{, -u_ df}h"bf dfn;fdfg, ;]jf jf hl8t ;+oGqsf] kf6{k'hf{sf] k|lt:yfkg jf lj:tf/ ug{ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos kl/jt{g u/]df sDkgLdf /x]sf] df}h"bf dfn;fdfg, ;]jf jf hl8t ;+oGqsf] kf6{k'hf{sf] k|lt:yfkg jf lj:tf/ ug{ g;lsg] s'/f k|dfl0ft eO{ ;fljssf] cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|f]k|fO6/L :j?ksf] cltl/Qm dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -3_ k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsPsf] sf/0fn] z'? ;Demf}tfdf ;dfj]z gePsf] / z'? ;Demf}tfaf6 cnu u/L ;DkGg ug{ k|fljlws jf cfly{s sf/0fn] sl7gfO{ x'g] eO{ cTofjZos lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -ª_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu s'g} ljlzi6 (Unique) of]Uotf ePsf] vf; k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] ;]jf tTsfn cfjZostf ePdf jf ;fljssf] k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 g} ;]jf lng'kg]{ ckl/xfo{ sf/0f ePdf, -r_ sDkgLdf hl8t pks/0f -;km6j]o/ tyf xf8{j]o/_ sf] pkof]uL cfo' tyf nfe–nfutnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ To:tf] pks/0fdf kl5 ljsf; ePsf goFf ljz]iftfx? yk u/]df sDkgLn] cBfjlws tyf
  • 40.
    31 ;do ;fk]If ;]jfx?k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] ePdf ;fljssf] cfk"lt{stf{af6} kl5 ljsf; ePsf gofF ljz]iftfx? -;km6j]o/ tyf xf8{j]o/ ;d]t_ yk ug{' k/]df, -5_ sDkgLnfO{ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos 3/, hUuf, dfn;fdfg tyf ;]jf :yfgLo txsf] ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d'bfoaf6 vl/b ug'{ jf ef8fdf lng' k/]df, -h_ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf ;+3, ;+:yfaf6 3/, hUuf, dfn;fdfg tyf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ jf ef8fdf lng' k/]df . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_ b]lv -5_ ;Ddsf] k|fjwfg adf]lhd dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ubf{ b]xfo cg';f/sf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf sDkgLsf] cy{ ljefu, of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu / dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx?, vl/b;Fu ;DalGwt ljefu jf lgb]{zgfno k|d'v tyf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] ;f] sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt Ps hgf ljz]if1 /x]sf] ;ldltsf], -v_ lgb]{zgfno / ;f] cGtu{t x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf ;DalGwt lgb]{zgfno jf ljefusf] k|fljlws zfvf k|d'v, vl/b;Fu ;DalGwt ljefluo jf zfvf k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v tyf lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] ;f] sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt Ps hgf ljz]if1 /x]sf] ;ldltsf] . -#_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd ;f]e}m vl/b ug'{ cl3 b]xfosf s'/fx? olsg u/L ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] cfjZostf, vl/b ug'{ kg]{ ;fdfg e08f/df eP gePsf], cfjZos ;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ tyf kl/df0f, cfk"lt{sf] zt{ / ;do, -v_ ljBdfg pks/0fsf] cfo', ;f]af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] k|ltkmn / nfe–nfutsf] ljZn]if0f, -u_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos;Fu vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf eP jf gePsf], -3_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;+u dfu ul/Psf] lnlvt b//]6 jf k|:tfj, -ª_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"tL{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] sDkgLsf] dfu adf]lhd k]z u/]sf] k|:tfj sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] :k]l;lkms]zg tyf k|fljlws u'0f:t/ adf]lhdsf] eP gePsf],
  • 41.
    32 -r_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0fJoj;foL, cfk"tL{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|:tfj ul/Psf] d"No pk/ jftf{ ul/Psf] / ;f] d"No plrt eP gePsf] . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] k|f]k|fO{6/L dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ jf ;f]xL pkljlgodsf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] cTofjZos lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ubf{ tTsfnsf] cGt/f{li6«o d"No b/nfO{ ljrf/ u/L cl3Nnf] k6s vl/b ul/Psf] d"No b/df ga9g] u/L ;fljssf] d"n ;Demf}tf /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt d"No /sd;Dd vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ / -3_ adf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf tTsfn vl/b gubf{ sDkgLnfO{ pNn]vgLo xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g ;Sg] k'i6ofO{+ ;lxtsf] kof{Kt cj:yf / plrt sf/0f b]lvPdf d"n ;Demf}tf /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt d"NoeGbf a9L t/ ztk|ltzt d"Nodf ga9g] /sd ;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . #^= ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug{] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg eO{ tTsfn vl/b gubf{ sDkgLnfO{ yk xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] cj:yf cfOk/]df sDkgLn] tTsfn vl/b ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ sDkgLn] vl/bsf] cfjZostfsf] lnlvt ljj/0f, u'0f:t/, kl/df0f, zt{ / sfo{ ;DkGg ug{] cjlw h:tf ljj/0f tof/ u/L cfsl:ds kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{ cfjZos kl/df0f / ;dofjlwsf nflu dfq oyf;Dej k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ jf Pp6f dfq lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu lnlvt b/efp jf k|:tfj lnO{ jf jftf{ u/L vl/b ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd ul/Psf] vl/bsf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] b]xfosf ljj/0f tyf sfuhftsf] clen]v /fVg' kg{]5 M– -s_ ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug]{ ljj/0f, -v_ vl/bsf cGo ljlw ckgfpg g;lsg] sf/0f tyf cfwf/ . -$_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ug]{ clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ dfq x'g]5 / k|aGw lgb{]zsn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] kl/l:ylt tyf tTsfn ug{'kg{] vl/b ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0fsf] hfgsf/L nuQ} a:g] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf k]z ug{' kg{]5 . #&= cdfgtaf6 sfd ug]{ M -!_ ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf] dd{t ;Def/ jf ;fgfltgf lgoldt sfo{ jf ;/;kmfO{ h:tf sfo{ cdfgtaf6 u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . -@_ sDkgLn] cfjZos b]v]df pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd cdfgtaf6 u/fpg] s'g} sfo{ sldl6 u7g u/L u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -#_ cdfgtdf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd ug'{ k/]df Ps tx dflysf] sfof{nodf k]z u/L :jLs[lt lnO{ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg adf]lhd lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .
  • 42.
    33 -$_ cdfgtaf6 lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfd ug'{ k/]df To:tf] sfd Ps nfv ?k}ofFdf ga9fO{ v08 v08 u/L jftf{af6 u/fpg jf cfjZos lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pknAw u/fO{ Hofnf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf lbg ;lsg]5 . -%_ sfof{no cfk}+m+n] cdfgtaf6 sfd ubf{ ;f] sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] vl/b tyf k|flKt ;DaGwL k|lqmof k"/f ug'{ kg]{5 . #*= ljlgodfjnL cfslif{t gx'g] M g]kfn ;/sf/ / ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] clwsf+z :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yf jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx? aLr ePsf] cg'bfg jf C0f ;xfotf ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf jf ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] ;dembf/Lkq jf To:tf ;+:yfsf] vl/b tyf lgdf{0f lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpg' kbf{ jf ;]jf pknAw u/fpg' kbf{ To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP hlt ljifodf o; ljlgodfjnLsf k|fjwfgx? cfslif{t x'g] 5}gg .
  • 43.
    34 kl/R5]b–$ k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/bljlw tyf k|ls|of #(= k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ sDkgLsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k/fdz{ ;]jf sDkgLdf pknAw bIf k|fljlws jf hgzlQm tyf oGq cf}hf/x? ;d]tsf] ljrf/ u/L sDkgLaf6 x'g g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jf lng' k/]df ;DalGwt ljifosf] lj1 jf lj1x?sf] ;d"x jf k/fdz{bft[ ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd lgo'lQm u/L To:tf] ;]jf lng ;lsg] 5 M– -s_ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df ;f]e}m jftf{af6, -v_ v08 -s_ df pNn]lvt /sdeGbf a9L bz nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df ;dfg :t/sf] sDtLdf tLg j6f kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L ;aeGbf sd b/jfnfsf] k|:tfjaf6, -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]lvt /sdeGbf a9L ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df cfzokq lnO{ ;f]af6 5gf}6 ePsf k/fdz{bftfx?af6 l;naGbL k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjaf6 . $)= v'Nnf ?kdf cfzokq dfu u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ ljlgod #( sf] pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug{ To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL cfzokq ;+sng ug{ sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ /fli6«o :t/sf] ;dfrf/kqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df /fVg'sf ;fy} sDkgLsf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf ;d]t 6fF; ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, b]xfosf cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ tLg s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -v_ sDkgLsf] dfu cg'?ksf] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|lt:kwf{Tds d"Nodf g]kfnleqsf PseGbf a9L k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|fKt x'g g;Sg] ePdf, -u_ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf nflu /fli6«o:t/df k|:tfj dfu ubf{ s'g} k|:tfj gk/L ljb]zL k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf lng' kg]{ ePdf, jf -3_ bft[kIf;+usf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf >f]taf6 Joxf]l/g] u/L cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] cfzokq dfu u/L k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug'{ kg]{ ePdf . -@_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ubf{ c+u|]hL efiffdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ cfzokq dfu ug]{ ;"rgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt sfd jf cfof]hgfsf] ;fdfGo ljj/0f,
  • 44.
    35 -u_ cfzokqbftfsf] of]Uotf, -3_cfzokqbftf kmd{ jf sDkgL eP M– -!_ kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] ljj/0f, ;+u7g / sd{rf/L, -@_ b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L kmd{ jf sDkgLn] ;d"x jf ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ?kdf k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg] eP To:tf kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ljj/0f tyf d'Vo eO{ sfd ug]{ kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] gfd, -#_ ljut kfFr jif{ leqdf ;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfg k|s[ltsf] sfd / :yfgsf] ljj/0f, / -$_ ;+nUg x'g] k|d'v hgzlQmsf] j}olQms ljj/0f ;lxtsf] kmd{ jf sDkgL k|f]kmfOn . -ª_ JolQmut k/fdz{bftfsf] xsdf ljut tLg jif{df ;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfg k|s[ltsf] sfd / :yfgsf] ljj/0f tyf j}olQms ljj/0f, -r_ k|:tfljt sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] cg'dflgt ;do, -5_ ;+lIfKt ;"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 dfq k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ul/g] s'/f, -h_ cfzokqbftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx?, -em_ cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb]{zg / cfzokq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt tyf :yfg, / -`_ sDkgL;Fu ;Dks{ ug]{ 7]ufgf / ;Dks{ JolQm . -$_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ubf{ sDkgLn] Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf] cfzokqbftfsf] of]Uotf, cg'ej / Ifdtf ;d]t d"NofÍg u/L To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg;Sg] ;fwf/0ftof tLgb]lv 5 j6f cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{5 . -^_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ sDkgLn] ljleGg d'n's, k[i7e"ld / Ps :yfgLo Ph]G6 /x]sf] kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd cfzokq k]z gug]{ Voflt k|fKt k/fdz{bftf;Fu ;Dks{ u/L lghsf] gfd ;+lIfKt ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 . -*_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ jf pkljlgod -&_ adf]lhd gfd ;dfj]z ubf{ sDtLdf tLg j6f cfzokqbftf 5gf}6 x'g g;s] sDkgLn] k'gM ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cfzokq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . -(_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ klg sDtLdf tLg j6f cfzokqbftf 5gf}6 x'g g;s]df 5gf}6 ePsf hlt cfzokqbftfsf] dfq ;"rL sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 . -!)_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] ;"rLsf] hfgsf/L sDkgLn] cfzokq k]z ug]{ ;a} cfzokqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
  • 45.
    36 $!= k|:tfj dfuug]{ M -!_ ljlgod $) adf]lhd ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ePkl5 sDkgLn] ;f] ;+lIfKt ;"rLdf k/]sf cfzokqbftfx?nfO{ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft x'nfs, s'l/o/, Od]n jf JolQm dfk{mt k7fO{ sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] ;do lbO{ lghx?af6 k|:tfj dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b ul/g] ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cjlw, :yfg, ;]jfsf] sfo{If]qut zt{x?, ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ sfo{ / ck]lIft kl/0ffd, -u_ k|:tfj tof/ ug{ k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ lgb]{zg, -3_ k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj 5'§f5'§} vfddf /fvL l;naGbL u/L k|To]s vfdsf] aflx/ s'g k|sf/sf] k|:tfj xf] ;f] :ki6?kn] pNn]v u/L b'j} k|:tfjnfO{ csf]{ 5'§} vfd aGbL u/L dfu ul/Psf] ;]jfsf] ljifo pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f, -ª_ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s d"NofÍg ef/, -r_ k|:tfj d"NofÍg / t'ngf ug]{ cfwf/ / cÍ ef/, -5_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? (Terms of Reference), -h_ k|:tfj k]z ug'{kg]{ :yfg, ldlt / ;do, -em_ k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug]{ ljlw, -`_ :jfy{ aflemg] ePdf k|:tfj pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g] s'/f / e|i6frf/ jf hfn;fhL u/]df x'g] sfg"gL sf/jfxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -6_ sDkgLn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'6L jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu k|:tfjbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -7_ k|:tfj dfu kq, -8_ k|:tfljt k|d'v hgzlQmn] cfkmgf] xfn;fn}sf] j}olQms ljj/0f ;To / k"0f{ /x]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ Joxf]/f, -9_ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/]kl5 dfq cfly{s k|:tfj vf]lng] s'/f, -0f_ k|fljlws k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftfn] k|fKt ug'{kg]{ pQL0ff{Í, -t_ k|:tfjbftfn] ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu cfkmgf] 5'§} sfo{ of]hgf tyf hgzlQm k|:tfj ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg], -y_ k|:tfjbftfn] sfo{If]qut zt{df l6Kk0fL ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg], / -b_ cfjZos cGo s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/x? pNn]v ubf{ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'g} jf ;a} cfwf/x? cfjZostf cg';f/ v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k/fdz{bftfn] ug'{ kg]{ sfd ;DaGwL k/fdz{bftfsf] cg'ej, -v_ k/fdz{bftfn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ k|:tfljt tl/sfsf] u'0f:t/,
  • 46.
    37 -u_ k|:tfljt d'VohgzlQmsf] of]Uotf, -3_ 1fg tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fsf] Joj:yf, -ª_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sfd ;Dkfbg ug{ k|:tfljt d'Vo g]kfnL hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -em_ adf]lhd k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug]{ ljlw pNn]v ubf{ k|:tfjsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljlwx? dWo] s'g ljlwsf] cfwf/df x'g] xf] ;f] Joxf]/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw, -v_ u'0f:t/ ljlw, -u_ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw, jf -3_ Go"g nfut ljlw . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg vl/b ug'{kg]{ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt c;fdfGo ?kn] hl6n ePsf] jf To:tf] ;]jfn] /fli6«o cy{tGq jf efjL kl/of]hgfdf pNn]vgLo k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 k"0f{tM u'0f:t/ ljlwsf] cfwf/df ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] cÍef/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ pQL0ff{Í ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw ckgfO{ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ul/g] eP sfdsf] k|s[lt / hl6ntf cg';f/ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] s'n cÍef/ Ps ;o x'g] u/L / To:tf] s'n cÍef/ dWo] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] cÍef/ ;Q/L b]lv gAa] tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] cÍef/ tL;b]lv bz;Dd x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ u'0f:t/ ljlw, lglZrt ah]6 ljlw / Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfO{ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ul/g] eP k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] s'n cÍef/ Ps ;o x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -*_ lglZrt ah]6 ljlwaf6 k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ k|:tfj cfXjfg ubf{ pknAw ah]6 k|:tfjdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -(_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ k"0ff{Í Ps ;o x'g] u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cÍsf] ;Ldf ggf£g] u/L sfdsf] k|s[lt / hl6ntf cg';f/ pko'Qm cÍ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] vf; sfdsf] cg'ejdf s'n cÍsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd, -v_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf / sfo{ If]qut zt{k|ltsf] k|efju|fxLtfdf s'n cÍsf] aL;b]lv krf; k|ltzt;Dd, -u_ d'Vo d'Vo hgzlQmsf] of]Uotf / cg'ejdf s'n cÍsf] tL;b]lv ;f7L k|ltzt;Dd,
  • 47.
    38 -3_ k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fjf tflnddf s'n cÍsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd, -ª_ :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutfdf s'n cÍsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd . -!)_ pkljlgod -(_ sf] v08 -ª_ df plNnlvt cÍef/ /fli6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g . -!!_ pkljlgod -(_ df plNnlvt ;a} d"NofÍgsf cfwf/nfO{ tLg j6f pkcfwf/df ljefhg u/L ;f] jfktsf] cÍ ;d]t lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . $@= k|:tfj vf]Ng] M -!_ k|:tfj bflvnf ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt ePkl5 k|:tfjbftfaf6 k|fKt k|:tfjsf] aflx/L vfd vf]nL k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfjsf l;naGbL vfd 5'6ofpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 5'6ofO{Psf vfdx? dWo] klxn] k|fljlws k|:tfj vf]Ng' kg]{5 / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd gvf]nL ;'/lIft;fy 5'§} /fVg' kg]{5 . To;/L 5'6ofO{Psf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/]kl5 dfq vf]Ng' kg]{5 . -#_ k|:tfj vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]Ng' kg]{5 . t/, k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfj vf]Ng' cl3 Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] k|:tfjsf] vfd / /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf k|:tfj gvf]nL ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L lkmtf{ ul/Psf] s'/f, ldlt / ;do vl/b sf/jfxLsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd k|:tfj lkmtf{ u/]kl5 /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] aflx/L vfd qmd};Fu vf]nL ;f]df /x]sf] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]nL b]xfosf s'/f k9]/ ;'gfO{ ;f]sf] d'r'Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftfsf] x:tfIf/ eP gePsf], -u_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ;RofO{Psf] jf s]/d]6 u/]sf]df k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/] gu/]sf], -3_ sDkgLn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] d'r'Nsfdf sDkgLn] pkl:yt k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{5 . -&_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] k|fljlws k|:tfj sDkgLn] oyfzL3| d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . $#= k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 48.
    39 -@_ k|fljlws k|:tfjd"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf k|To]s ;b:on] 5'§f5'§} ?kdf ljlgod $! sf] pkljlgod -(_ df plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd d"NofÍg u/L k|:tfjbftfn] k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ olsg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd cÍ olsg ePkl5 ;f] ;ldltsf] k|To]s ;b:on] k|bfg u/]sf] cÍ u0fgf u/L To:tf] k|:tfjn] k|fKt u/]sf] cf}ift cÍ lgsfNg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg u/] kl5 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ljlgod $! sf] pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] pQL0ff{Í k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfx?sf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rL tof/ ubf{ pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftf b]lv qmd};Fu tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . $$= d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ljlgod $# adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ;DkGg u/] kl5 k|:tfjsf] u'0f:t/ ;DaGwL d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ k|:tfjbftf k|:tfj k]z ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] k'i6ofO{+ ug]{ sfuhftx? k]z eP jf gePsf], -3_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cfjZos eP ;f] k]z eP jf gePsf], -ª_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k k|:tfj k"0f{ eP jf gePsf], / -r_ k|To]s k|:tfjsf] ;fk]lIfs ;jntf, b'j{ntf / d"NofÍg kl/0ffd . $%= cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] sfo{ ;dfKt gx'~h]n cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng' x'Fb}g . -@_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 of]Uo eO{ ljlgod $# sf] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] dfq cfly{s k|:tfj vf]lng]5 . pQm ;"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g g;s]sf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lghsf] k|fljlws k|:tfj 5gf}6 x'g g;s]sf] hfgsf/L ;lxt lghsf] cfly{s k|:tfj gvf]nL lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] k|of]hgsf nflu 5gf}6 ePsf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ sDkgLn] cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] :yfg, ldlt / ;do pNn]v u/L /fli6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf ;ft lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ pkl:yt x'g ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
  • 49.
    40 -$_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn]cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] pkl:yltdf vf]Ng' kg]{5 . t/, k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]n]kl5 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd, lghn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ / cfly{s k|:tfjdf k|:tfj u/]sf] ;]jf z'Ns k9]/ ;'gfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] d'r"Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt ;]jf z'Ns, -u_ k|:tfljt ;]jf z'Nsdf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f, -3_ cÍ / cIf/sf aLr leGgtf eP ;f] leGgtfsf] ljj/0f, -ª_ cfly{s k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP gePsf], -r_ cfly{s k|:tfjdf s'g} s'/f jf Joxf]/f s]/d]6 u/]sf] eP ;f] 7fpFdf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/] gu/]sf] tyf s]/d]6 u/]sf] /sd / Joxf]/f, -5_ sDkgLn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . $^= cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf]df afx]s cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;f] k|:tfjdf d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k/fdz{bftfnfO{ nfUg] s/ tyf k/fdz{bftfsf] e|d0f, ;DalGwt sfuhftsf] cg'jfb, k|ltj]bg 5kfO{ jf lz/f]ef/ vr{ (Overhead Expenses) h:tf ;f]wegf{ x'g] vr{ ;d]t lghsf] ;]jf z'Nsdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] dflgg]5 . -@_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|To]s k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|:tfjdf s'g} cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L kfOPdf To:tf] q'6L ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L q'6L ;RofpFbf PsfO{ b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf PsfO{ b/ dfGo x'g]5 / ;f]xL b/ adf]lhd s'n /sd ;Rofpg' kg]{5 . To;/L q'6L ;RofO{Psf] ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfly{s k|:tfjdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sd cÍ / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd dfGo x'g]5 . -$_ k|:tfljt saf]n cÍdf k|:tfjbftfn] s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj u/]sf] s'/f cfly{s k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To;/L 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] /sd ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ o; ljlgod adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg u/] kl5 ;a} k|:tfjbftfsf] sfod x'g cfPsf] saf]n cÍsf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 50.
    41 $&= k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6M -!_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw ckgfO{Psf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfo adf]lhd k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg u/L ;kmn k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ d"NofÍg ul/g] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] k|fKtfÍnfO{ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] nflu 5'6ofOPsf] cÍef/n] u'0fg u/L k|fKt u'0fgkmnnfO{ Ps;on] efu ubf{ cfpg] efukmnsf] cÍ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ x'g]5 . -v_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 ;kmn ePsf k|:tfjx? dWo] ;a}eGbf 36L saf]n cÍnfO{ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] nflu 5'6ofO{Psf] cÍef/n] u'0fg u/L k|fKt u'0fgkmnnfO{ d"NofÍg ul/g] k|:tfjbftfsf] saf]n cÍn] efu ubf{ cfpg] efukmnsf] cÍ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] k|fKtfÍ x'g]5 . -u_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v"b k|fKtfÍ hf]8L ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg ubf{ ;a}eGbf a9L cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftf ;kmn dflgg] x'Fbf lghnfO{ 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu M– -c_ k|fljlws k|:tfjnfO{ 5'6ofOPsf] s'n cÍef/Ö *) lgwf{l/t pQL0ff{Í Nofpg] s, v, / u k|:tfjbftfn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf kfPsf] cÍ M– s Ö () v Ö *% u Ö *) pko'{Qm cÍ tyf cÍef/sf] cfwf/df k|fljlws k|:tfjdf kfpg] cÍ u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf M– s Ö 90 × 80 100 = 72 v Ö 85 × 80 100 = 68 u Ö 80 × 80 100 = 64 -cf_ cfly{s k|:tfjnfO{ 5'6ofOPsf] cÍef/Ö @) k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pQL0f{ ePsf s, v / u k|:tfjbftfn] cfly{s k|:tfjdf saf]n u/]sf] /sd M– s Ö $,%),))).– v Ö $,#),))).– u Ö $,@),))).– t;y{, ;a}eGbf 36L saf]n u/]sf] /sd Ö $,@),))).–
  • 51.
    42 pko'{Qm cÍ tyfcÍef/sf] cfwf/df cfly{s k|:tfjdf kfpg] cÍ u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf M– s Ö 420000 × 20 450000 = 18.66 v Ö 420000 × 20 430000 = 19.53 u Ö 420000 × 20 420000 = 20 -O_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] ;+o'Qm d"NofÍgaf6 kfpg] s'n cÍ ljj/0f M– k|:tfjbftf k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ s'n cÍ s}lkmot s &@ !*=^^ ()=^^ ;a}eGbf a9L s'n cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftf æsÆ 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ v ^* !(=%# *&=%# u ^$ @)=)) *$ -@_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfj dfq 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To:tf] ah]6sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nfut ePsf] k|:tfj /2 u/L To:tf] ah]6sf] ;Ldfleq k/]sf] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf ;kmn x'g lgwf{l/t Go"gtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftf dWo] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . $*= k|:tfjbftf;Fu jftf{ ug]{ M -!_ ljlgod $& adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;+u sfo{ If]qut zt{ / k|:tfljt ;]jfsf] sfo{If]q, k|ult k|ltj]bg, sDkgLn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ;'ljwfsf ljifodf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . To;/L jftf{ ug'{kg]{ ePdf sDkgLn] To:tf] k|:tfjbftfnfO{ jftf{sf] ldlt, ;do / :yfg v'nfO{ jftf{ ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -@_ ljlgod $& sf] pkljlgod -@_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cfly{s k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf k]zfljbx?sf] kfl/>lds ;DaGwdf jftf{ x'g ;Sg] 5}g . t/, ;f]wegf{ x'g] k|s[ltsf vr{ ;DaGwdf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
  • 52.
    43 -#_ o; ljlgodadf]lhd jftf{ ubf{ sDkgL / k|:tfjbftf b'j}nfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] ;xdlt xfl;n x'g g;s]df sDkgLn] ljlgod $& sf] pkljlgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ / pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;+u qmd};+u jftf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . $(= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf M -!_ ljlgod $* adf]lhd ePsf] jftf{df ;xdltdf k'u]sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ul/Psf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ / ;"rLdf k/]sf cGo k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq s'g} k|:tfjbftfn] ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu s'g} lgj]bg gu/]df pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq lgh ;Demf}tf ug{ pkl:yt ePdf lghn] ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, lgh ;Demf}tf ug{ pkl:yt gePdf sDkgLn] ljlgod $& sf] pkljlgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ / pkljlgod -$_ sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] xsdf ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;+u qmd};+u jftf{ u/L ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg k/]sf]df o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–!! adf]lhdsf] k|ls|of k"/f geO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ul/g] 5}g . %)= k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug]{ / vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug]{ M b]xfosf s'g} cj:yfdf sDkgLn] ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj sfo{If]qut zt{x? cg';f/ ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, -v_ nfut cg'dfg / pknAw ah]6eGbf 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] nfut ;f/e"t?kdf a9L ePdf, -u_ k/fdz{ ;]jf cfjZos gkg]{ ePdf, jf -3_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L k|:tfj lbPsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf . t/, ldnf]dtf] gu/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj pk/ sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
  • 53.
    44 kl/R5]b–% l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwLJoj:yf %!= l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 b]xfosf s''/fx? pNn]v u/L l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ lgdf{0f sfo{ jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ ;]jfsf] :k]l;lkms]zg, u'0f:t/, kl/df0f, cfk"lt{sf zt{x? / ;do tyf cGo cfjZos s'/fx?sf] ljj/0f, -v_ l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfsf] of]Uotf -lgdf{0f vl/b afx]s_, -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f] s'/f, -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq dfGo /xg] cjlw, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fddf b/efpkqbftfn] /Ltk"j{s ;xL5fk u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ s'/f, -r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf jf/]G6L ;DaGwL bfloTj / lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xsdf q'6L ;Rofpg] cjlw;Ddsf] bfloTj . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fd tof/ ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] b/efpkq ;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] b/efpkqsf] kmf/fddf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt eO{ 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . %@= l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg M -!_ sDkgLn] l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg ubf{ /fli6«o jf :yfgLo :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/ kqdf sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v u/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd kfO{g] :yfg / ;f] jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, -v_ hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f]sf] lsl;d, /sd / ;dofjlw, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k7fpg] tl/sf tyf k7fpg' kg]{ sfof{no jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -r_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ tLgj6f eGbf sd l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z x'g cfPdf jf b/efpkq k]z g} gePdf ;f] ;DaGwdf s'g} s'/f pNn]v gu/L ;f]xL pkljlgod adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ klg cfjZos ;+Vofdf l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z x'g gcfPdf k]z x'g cfPsf b/efpkq dWo]af6 b/efpkq :jLs[t ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
  • 54.
    45 %#= l;naGbL b/efpkqkmf/fdsf] b:t'/ M l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fdsf] b:t'/ tLg xhf/ ?k}ofF /xg]5 . %$= l;naGbL b/efpkq hdfgt M -!_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] l;naGbL b/efpkqsf ;fy cfkm"n] saf]n u/]sf] /sdsf] b'O{ k|ltztb]lv tLg k|ltzt;Ddsf] /sdn] x'g] gub hdfgt jf sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] jfl0fHo a}Íaf6 gAa] lbgsf] dfGo cjlw /xg] u/L hf/L ePsf] a}Í Uof/]G6L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd /fv]sf] hdfgt b]xfosf] cj:yfdf hkmt x'g]5 M– -s_ 5gf}6 ePsf] l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df, -v_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fddf plNnlvt sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] Dofbleq lbg g;s]df, / -u_ ljlgod !)# adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]df . %%= l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] M -!_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lt/L sDkgLaf6 l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd vl/b u/L ;f]xL kmf/fddf l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ Ps k6s k]z e};s]sf] l;naGbL b/efpkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] dfGo cjlw k}+tfnL; lbgsf] x'g]5 . -$_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;do ;lsPsf] nut} sDkgLn] l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf ;Dej eP;Dd l;naGbL b/efpkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd vf]Ng' kg]{5 . %^= l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] d"NofÍg tyf :jLs[lt M -!_ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ l;naGbL b/efpkq sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|ls|of tyf o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–* df plNnlvt af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:yfx? adf]lhd x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ l;naGbL b/efpkq vf]n]sf] ldltaf6 kGw| lbgleq ljlgod %! sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] zt{x? k"/f u/L nfut cg'dfgleq k/]sf] ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt b/efpkq :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L l;naGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t u/]kl5 ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;a} l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . t/, d"No clej[l4 s/ / :yfoL n]vf btf{ k|df0fkq gePsf JolQm, kmd{ jf ;+:yfsf] b/efpkq :jLsf/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
  • 55.
    46 -#_ pkljlgod -@_adf]lhd l;naGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t ePsf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] ;DalGwt b/efpkqbftfnfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|fKt ug]{ b/efpkqbftfn] ;f] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq cfk"mn] saf]n u/]sf] cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] gub} jf sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Ín] sDkgLsf] gfddf tf]lsPsf] cjlwsf] nflu hf/L u/]sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 56.
    47 kl/R5]b–^ k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL Joj:yf %&=k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLn] ;do ;dodf 7"nf / hl6n elg lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ jf kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L d"Nosf] b"/;~rf/ pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ jf of]Uo af]nkqbftfsf] klxrfg ug{ af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ s'g} lglZrt ;dodf ;DkGg u/L ;Sg' kg]{ g]6js{ lj:tf/sf] 8S6LË tyf jfo/n]; ;]jfsf] la=6L=P;= h8fgsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ -h:t}M 6fj/, ljB'tLs/0f, kfj/ pks/0f, ;]N6/ / Po/ sl08zg/_ sf] lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{x?nfO{ ljleGg If]q jf Kofs]hdf ljefhg u/L k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L a9Ldf b'O{ jif{sf] nflu of]Uo k|:tfjs 5gf}6 ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjaf6 5flgPsf k|:tfjbftfx? aLr d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ Go"gtd d"No k|:tfj ug]{ k|:tfjbftfnfO{ / To:tf] Go"gtd d"Nodf sfd ug]{ zt{df 5flgPsf dWo]sf cGo k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ ;d]t ljlgod &% sf] pkljlgod -(_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lnO{ ljlgod *( adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L sfd lbg ;lsg] 5 . o;/L ljefhg u/L u/fPsf] sfo{ ;Gtf]ifhgs ePdf dfq ;f]xL k|:tfjbftfnfO{ c? yk sfd lbg ;lsg]5 . t/, s[lqd k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L cfk;df ldn]/ k|:tfj lbPdf jf k|rlnt ahf/ d"NoeGbf ;f/e"t ?kdf km/s d"Nosf] k|:tfj k|fKt ePdf ;a} k|:tfjx? /2 u/L To:tf k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] ;"lraf6 ;d]t x6fOg]5 . :ki6Ls/0f M o; pkljlgoddf æd"NoÆ eGgfn] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjaf6 5flgPsf k|:tfjbftfx?af6 l;naGbL ?kdf k|fKt ePsf] PsfO{ b/nfO{ hgfpg]5 . -$_ sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfk"lt{ ug{'kg]{ SIM Card, RUIM Card, Recharge Card tyf cGo Cash Cards ;d]tnfO{ pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -$_ adf]lhd vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjaf6 5flgPsf k|:tfjbftfx? aLr pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg l;naGbL PsfO{ b/ dfu ubf{ /fli6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg tyf cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df klg k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . %*= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ ljlgod %& adf]lhd k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ jf d"No ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ug]{ ePdf sDkgLn] af]nkq cfXjfg jf d"No ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ug'{ cl3 k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 57.
    48 -@_ k"j{ of]Uotf;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'/fx? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ of]Uotf, of]Uotfsf cfwf/ / ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] xsdf ;fem]bf/sf] of]Uotf, -v_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfkmgf] of]Uotf / u|fXotf k'li6 ug{ k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhft / hfgsf/L, -u_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;d"x jf Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x jf Kofs]h, -3_ k|:tfj tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ tl/sf, -ª_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ k|s[of, -r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf d'Vo d'Vo zt{, -5_ vl/bsf] k|s[lt, vl/b ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw tyf ;f]sf] k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, / -h_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ tl/sf, :yfg, clGtd ldlt / ;do . -em_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfuhftdf k|aGw lgb{]zs jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t:t/sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . %(= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfwf/ :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{ M sDkgLn] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 ljlgod ( jf !) adf]lhd lgwf{l/t k"j{ of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? k|aGw lgb]{zsaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . t/, vl/b sfo{sf] :jLs[lt ;ldltaf6 u/fpg' kg]{ ePdf k"j{of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? ;d]t ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . ^)= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj cfXjfg ug]{ M -!_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg]5 . To:tf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df klg /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfj cfXjfg ug]{ sfof{nosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] :yfg, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / nfUg] b:t'/, -u_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ :yfg, tl/sf, clGtd ldlt / ;do, -3_ k|:tfj dfGo x'g] cjlw, -ª_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do, :yfg / ;dodf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] cflwsfl/s k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s'/f,
  • 58.
    49 -r_ hdfgt dfuePsf]df ;f] hdfgtsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw, -5_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbgsf] cjlw lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ :yfg v'nfpFbf sDkgLsf PseGbf a9L sfof{nox?df To:tf] sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . -%_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{ cfjZos k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft dfu ug]{ ;a} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yfnfO{ sDkgLn] kGw| xhf/ ?k}ofF b:t'/ lnO{ To:tf] sfuhft lbg' kg]{5 . ^!= k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj d"NofÍg M -!_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj d"NofÍg ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf ljlgod && adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ qmdzM k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ug'{kg]{ / lt of]Uotfsf k|To]s cfwf/ k"/f u/] gu/]sf] ljifodf cfjZos k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf cfwf/x? s'g} e]befj lagf ;a} k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ ;dfg ?kn] nfu' x'g]5g . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] o; ljlgod adf]lhd u/]sf] k/LIf0fsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f ;lxt b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t v'nfO{ k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq sDkgLdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ cfj]bssf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ cfj]bssf] of]Uotfsf] k|To]s cfwf/ k'li6 ug]{ sfuhft, -u_ tflnsf cfjZos eP To:tf] tflnsf, -3_ ;+o'Qm pkj|mdsf] ?kdf k|:tfj k]z ul/Psf] eP ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] k"0f{tf / To:tf] pkj|mdsf] k|To]s ;fem]bf/sf] lx:;f / bfloTj, -ª_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;d"x jf Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ul/g] ePdf ;f] ;d"x / Kofs]hsf] k/LIf0f ug{ ckgfO{Psf] k|lqmof tyf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]hsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lngsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bs, / -r_ cfj]bs 5gf}6 x'g' jf gx'g'sf] sf/0f . ^@= of]Uo cfj]bssf] 5gf}6 M -!_ of]Uotfsf ;a} cfwf/ k"/f ug]{ cfj]bs of]Uotf k/LIf0fdf 5gf}6 ePsf] dflgg] / ;a} of]Uotfsf cfwf/ k"/f gug]{ cfj]bs 5gf}6 gePsf] dflgg]5 .
  • 59.
    50 -@_ k"j{ of]Uotf;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bssf] ;"rL sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg u/L ;a} cfj]bsnfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf] s'g} cfj]bsn] lghsf] k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf] sf/0fsf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt sfof{non] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ 5gf}6 ePsf k"j{of]Uotfsf] cfj]bs ;DalGwt vl/b sf/jfxLsf] nflu af]nkq k]z ug{ of]Uo ePsf] dflgg]5 .
  • 60.
    51 kl/R5]b–& af]nkq sfo{ljlw ;DaGwLJoj:yf ^#= af]nkqsf k|lj|mof / r/0f M -!_ af]nkqåf/f vl/b ubf{ b]xfosf] k|lj|mof ckgfO{ af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f gu/L v'Nnf ?kdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ . -@_ v'Nnf ?kdf cfXjfg ul/g] af]nkq Ps jf b'O{ r/0fdf cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ ljlgod ^* sf] pkljlgod -!_ df plNnlvt cj:yfdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ kbf{ b'O{ r/0fdf cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . ^$= af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{eGbf cl3 sfdsf] kl/df0f, u'0f:t/, e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf tyf cGo zt{x? ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft -:k]lzlkms]zg_ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ubf{ oyf;Dej ldtJolotf tyf sfo{qmd cg';f/ sfd ;DkGg x'g] u/L sfo{ tflnsf ;d]t agfpg' kg]{5 . -#_ sDkgLsf] lgb]{zgfno, ljefu jf ;f] cGtu{t sfof{non] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ubf{ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t :k]l;lkms]zgsf] ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L tof/ ug{' kg{]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft pk/ hfFr tyf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L To:tf] sfhuhft :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;DalGwt clwsf/L ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft -:k]l;lkms]zg_ hfFr tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt /xg]5 M– -s_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf M k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs –;+of]hs cy{ ljefu, of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu / dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? –;b:o ;DalGwt cfof]hgfsf] k|d'v –;b:o k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf ljz]if1x? –;b:o s]Gb|Lo vl/b OsfO{sf] k|d'v –;b:o ;lrj
  • 61.
    52 -v_ lgb]{zgfno, ljefujf ;f] cGtu{t x'g] vl/bsf] xsdf M lgb]{zs jf ljefuLo k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] jl/i7 k|fljlws clws[t –;+of]hs n]vf k|d'v –;b:o vl/b;+u ;DalGwt zfvf k|d'v –;b:o lgb]{zs jf ljefuLo k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 –;b:o vl/b OsfO{sf] k|d'v –;b:o ;lrj -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft pk/ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] hfFr tyf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L :jLs[lt tyf vl/b sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpgsf] nflu u/]sf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[t ug{' kg]{5 . -^_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/bsf] k|s[lt, vl/b ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw tyf ;f]sf] k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f gu/L af]nkq cfXjfg ePsf] eP ljlgod *, (, !), !!, !@ / !# adf]lhdsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf tyf of]Uotfsf cfwf/x?, -u_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -3_ af]nkq k]z ug'{ cl3 s'g} a}7s ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -ª_ af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf kfngf ug{' kg{] ljifodf lgb]{zg, af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do / :yfg tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -r_ d"Nosf] ;+/rgf (Component of Price), af]n cÍsf] nflu pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] d'b|f jf d'b|fx?, af]nkq t'ngf ug{ k|of]u ul/g] d'b|f, ;Da4 ljlgdo b/sf] cfwf/ / ;f]sf] ldlt, -5_ af]nkq d"NofÍg / af]nkqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf, -h_ :jb]zL dfn;fdfg / :yfgLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] eP ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -em_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f5'§} ;d"x / Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]h, / ;f]sf] d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -`_ k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zgsf] ljsNksf] k|:tfj ;d]t dfu ul/Psf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ljsNk d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -6_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] s'g} c+zsf] nflu dfq klg af]nkq k]z ug{ kfO{g] eP To:tf] c+zx?sf] ljj/0f, -7_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw, -8_ af]nkq, sfo{;Dkfbg jf cGo cfjZos s'/fsf] nflu lbg'kg]{ hdfgtsf] /sd, lsl;d, dfGo 9fFrf / dfGo cjlw (Validity Period),
  • 62.
    53 -9_ af]nkq hdfgtdfu ePsf]df ;f] hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlweGbf tL; lbg a9L cjlwsf] x'g'kg]{ Joxf]/f, -0f_ ljlgod *( adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf ;fwf/0f / ljz]if zt{x? (General and Specific Conditions) / ;f] ;Demf}tf nfu" x'g] tl/sf, -t_ :jfy{ aflemg] (Conflict of Interest) ePdf af]nkq pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g] jf hfn;fhL jf e|i6frf/ u/]df x'g] sfg"gL sf/jfxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -y_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'6L jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu af]nkqbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -b_ k|fljlws IfdtfnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft tyf cfly{s k|:tfj Pp6} vfddf k]z ug'{kg]{ Joxf]/f, -w_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] k"j{ of]Uotf jf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ egL lgwf{/0f u/]sf ljifox?, -g_ Pp6} af]nkqdf Ps jf ;f]eGbf a9L af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ k"j{ of]Uotfåf/f 5gf}6 u/L jf gu/L v08 v08df sfd u/fpg ;lsg] ePdf ;f] s'/f, -k_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] of]hgf tyf gS;f, -km_ lan ckm SjflG6l6 (BoQ), lan ckm d]6]l/on (BoM), :of8o'n ckm l/Sjfo/d]G6 (SoR) tyf :of8o'n ckm k|fO; (SoP), -a_ af]nkqbftfn] ug'{kg]{ e}kl/ cfpg] sfd, -e_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{, lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ ;do tyf sfo{ tflnsf, -d_ jf/]06L tyf dd{t ;Def/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -o_ af]nkqbftfn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cfjZos tflnd tyf ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f, -/_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg jf hu]8f kf6{k"hf{x? gofF / ;SsnL x'g'kg]{ s'/f, / -n_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -&_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ sDkgLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] of]hgf, gS;f / l8hfO{g, -v_ lan ckm SjflG6l6 (BoQ), :of8o'n ckm l/Sjfo/d]G6 (SoR), -u_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;fGble{s ef}lts tyf /;folgs ljz]iftf, ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg ;DaGwL ljz]iftf, -3_ k|fljlws agfj6 (Configuration), -ª_ dfn;fdfgsf] cfo' cjlwe/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ / plNnlvt ;]jf pknAw x'g] jf gx'g],
  • 63.
    54 -r_ af]nkqsf ;fyk]z ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0ffTds k'l:tsf jf gd"gf, -5_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg tyf u'0f:t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0f, -h_ jf/]06L tyf dd{t ;Def/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -em_ dfn;fdfgaf6 jftfj/0fdf s'g} k|efj kg]{ eP To:tf] k|efj / To:tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08, -`_ cfk"lt{ ePsf] dfn;fdfg af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhdsf] eP gePsf] s'/f k/LIf0f ug{ ckgfOg] dfkb08 / tl/sf (Proof of Concept tyf Proof of Compliance ;DaGwL s'/f), / -6_ sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -*_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|fljlws ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ sDkgLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{If]q / p2]]Zo, -v_ lgdf{0f :ynsf] ef}lts k|s[lt / cj:yf, -u_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{sf] l8hfO{g, lgdf{0f, pks/0f h8fg (Erection and/ or Installation) h:tf sfo{sf] ljj/0f, -3_ lgdf{0f sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{tflnsf, -ª_ lan ckm SjflG6l6 (BoQ), -r_ lgdf{0f sfo{af6 jftfj/0fdf k|efj kg]{ eP To:tf] k|efjsf] ljj/0f / To:tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08, -5_ d]sflgsn, :oflg6/L tyf KnlDaË / ljB't h8fg ;DaGwL sfd ;d]t ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] sfd ;DaGwL ljz]if k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, -h_ cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ pks/0f / kf6{k"hf{sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f, -em_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg jf u'0f:t/sf] k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -`_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljleGg r/0fdf ul/g] lg/LIf0f tyf k/LIf0f, -6_ sfo{ ;DkGg k/LIf0f (Completion Test), -7_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ k|fljlws sfuhft, lgdf{0f eP adf]lhdsf] b'?:t (As Built) gS;f, cfjZostf cg';f/ pks/0f ;~rfng k'l:tsf (Operating Manual), -8_ lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLsf/ ug{sf] nflu sDkgLn] ug'{kg]{ lg/LIf0f / k/LIf0f, / -9_ sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/f . -(_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGo ;]jfsf] ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ ;]jfsf] k|of]hg / sfo{If]q, -v_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg, ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ sfd / ;]jf,
  • 64.
    55 -u_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq;fy pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ ljj/0ffTds k'l:tsf jf gd"gf, -3_ ;]jf k|bfosn] kfngf ug'{kg]{ zt{, -ª_ ;]jf d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf, -r_ sfd jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f / lg/LIf0f, -5_ sfo{;Dkfbg / u'0f:t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0f, -h_ ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ tflnd / ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f, / -em_ sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cGo cfjZos s'/f . -!)_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;dfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|s[ltnfO{ ljrf/ u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cfjZostfg';f/ b]xfosf sfuhft ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq lgb]{lzsf tyf af]nkq kmf/fd, -v_ af]nkq hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -u_ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -3_ k]ZsL e'QmfgL hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -ª_ :k]l;lkms]zg / gS;f, -r_ sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{ tflnsf, e'QmfgL ul/g] d'b|f, ;fdu|L pknAw x'g ;Sg] ;|f]t / :yfg, -5_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ / gd"gf, / -h_ cGo cfjZos sfuhft . -!!_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg lb+bf b]xfosf ljifodf lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ efiff, -v_ O{G6/g]zgn sdl;{on 6d{; (Incoterms) cg';f/ d"No cleJoQm ug]{ tl/sf, -u_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md af/] cfjZos hfgsf/L, -3_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftsf] ;"rL, -ª_ af]nkqbftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gf / ;f]sf] ;+Vof, -r_ dfn;fdfg vl/bsf] xsdf dfn;fdfgsf] lgdf{tfn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] hu]8f kf6k"hf{x?sf] ;"rL tyf lgh;Fu /x]sf] k|To]s kf6{k"hf{sf] df}Hbft kl/df0f, k|lt OsfO{ d"No / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 To:tf] kf6{k"hf{sf] d"No a9g] ga9g] ;DaGwL s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ jf gkg]{, -5_ af]nkqbftfn] cfk"lt{ ug]{ dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbs, pTkfbg ePsf] b]z, a|f08, df]8n / Sof6nu gDa/ af]nkqdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f, -h_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] sDkgL;Fu s'g} s'/f a'emg k/]df /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf af]nkq k]z ug]{
  • 65.
    56 clGtd lbgeGbf bzlbg cufj} tyf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf kGw| lbg cufj} lnlvt kqfrf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/f / To; ;DaGwdf :ki6 ug{ sDkgLaf6 tf]lsPsf] ;Dks{ JolQm tyf sfof{nosf] gfd, 7]ufgf / ;do, -em_ af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd sDkgLsf sd{rf/LnfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{ eP jf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL s'/f, -`_ bflvnf ePsf af]nkq :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ sDkgLdf ;'/lIft /x]sf] Joxf]/f, / -6_ sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/f . -!@_ dfn;fdfg vl/b jf h8fg sfo{ ubf{ sDkgLsf] af]nkq kmf/fddf plNnlvt Jofj;flos (Commercial) / k|fljlws (Technical) k|:tfjeGbf af]nkqbftfsf] k|:tfj km/s k/]df ;fdfGo km/s (Minor Deviations) / k|d'v km/s (Major Deviations) dflgg] a'Fbfx? af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf :ki6 v'nfPsf] x'g' kg{]5 . -!#_ s'g} dfn;fdfg vl/b, lgdf{0f tyf h8fg, dd{t / 9'jfgL sfo{sf] lgldQ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj Pp6} vfddf lnO{ d"NofÍg ul/ vl/b ug{] Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 . o;/L af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf sfdsf] k|s[lt / cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fdfGotM b]xfosf k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ :ki6 ¿kn] v'nfpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ k|:tfljt sfo{sf lgldQ cfjZos cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfljt hgzlQmsf] cfjZostf, sfo{bIftf tyf of]Uotf, -u_ cfjZos k|fljlws dfn;fdfg tyf pks/0f, -3_ cfly{s cj:yf v'Ng] cfjZos ljj/0f h:t}M Go"gtd ;/b/ sf/f]af/, rfn' k"FhL, g]6jy{, C0f lng ;Sg] Ifdtf cflb, -ª_ lgdf{0f, dd{t jf 9'jfgL sfo{tflnsf, -!$_ pkljlgod -!#_ df plNnlvt k|To]s cfwf/nfO{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ cÍef/ lbO{ af]nkqbftfn] k|fKt ug{'kg{] Go"gtd cÍ af]nkq ;"rgf hf/L ug{' cufj} :jLs[t u/fO{ /fVg' kg{]5 / Go"gtd cÍ klg k|fKt gug{] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . ^%= af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ M -!_ af]nkq k]z ug{ rfxg] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft dfu u/]df b]xfo adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lnO{ ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft las|L ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] af]nkqsf] nflu kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF,
  • 66.
    57 -v_ Ps s/f]8?k}ofFeGbf dfly kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] af]nkqsf] nflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF /, -u_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf dflysf] af]nkqsf] nflu Go"gtd kGw| xhf/ ?k}ofF / clwstd Ps nfv ?k}ofF ;Dddf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]lslbPsf] /sd . -@_ af]nkq k]z ug{ rfxg] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lt/L af]nkq ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfuhft sDkgLsf] j]a;fO{6 jf cGo :jLs[t j]a ;fO{6af6 g} 8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf sDkgLn] ldnfpg ;Sg]5 . -#_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ / nfUg] x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dxz'n lt/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fO{ lbg lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df sDkgLn] To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfkm{t af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fO{lbg' kg]{5 . t/, To;/L sfuhft k7fpFbf To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ;dodf g} k|fKt ug{ g;s]df ;f]sf] nflu sDkgL hjfkmb]xL x'g]5}g . ^^= af]nkq cfXjfg M -!_ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs kqklqsfdf tyf sDkgLsf] j]a;fO{6df b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ sfof{nosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ;do ;Ldf, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg, -u_ af]nkq hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f]sf] lsl;d, /sd / dfGo cjlw, -3_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft kfO{g] :yfg, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / ;f] jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, -ª_ af]nkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do, :yfg / af]nkq k7fpg] tl/sf, -r_ af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s'/f, -5_ af]nkq;Fu ;DalGwt cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -@_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ :yfg v'nfpFbf sDkgLsf PseGbf a9L sfof{nox?df To:tf] sfuhft kfOg] tyf k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . -#_ af]nkqsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf tL; lbg / cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfnL; lbgsf] cjlw lbg' kg{]5 .
  • 67.
    58 t/, k"j{ of]Uotfaf65gf}6 ePsf of]Uo cfj]bsx? dWo]af6 af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbg ;lsg]5 . -$_ af]nkq kmf/fd laqmL ePsf] / af]nkq btf{ ePsf] ljj/0f 5'§} lstfadf pNn]v u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . af]nkq laqmL / btf{sf] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] ;f] lstfadf b:tvt u/L aGb ug'{ kg]{5 . af]nkq laqmL /sd a}Í bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . ^&= cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnL cGtu{t af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ b]xfosf cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] dfu cg'?ksf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ g]kfnleqsf PseGbf a9L lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 k|fKt gx'g] ePdf, -v_ lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf vl/bsf nflu /fli6«o:t/df af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L ljb]zaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf, -u_ bft[kIf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf >f]taf6 ljb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf, -3_ ljz]if tyf hl6n lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ePsf]n] cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkqaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ egL ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf]df . -@_ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf c+u|]hL efiffdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg{]5 / af]nkq ;DaGwL ;a} sfuhft c+u|]hL efiffdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df klg /fVg' kg{]5 . ^*= b'O{ r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b'O{ r/0fdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] k|fljlws kIf jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{sf avt k"0f{ ¿kdf olsg ug{ ;Dej gePdf, jf -v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] k|s[lt hl6n eO{ sDkgLn] ;f]sf ljleGg k|fljlws kIf jf vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ ljifodf / To:tf k|fljlws kIf / ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ tyf To;af6 x'g] kmfObfsf ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftf;Fu 5nkmn ug{' k/]df . -@_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd k|yd r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf vl/bsf] p2]Zo, :k]lzlkms]zg, cGo ljz]iftf, af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf / ck]lIft sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf ;fy} af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf d"No gv'nfO{
  • 68.
    59 k|fljlws k|:tfj /vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{sf ;DaGwdf l6Kk0fL dfq k]z ug{'kg{] s'/f pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 . -#_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd u/]sf] af]nkq cfXjfg adf]lhd k|fKt af]nkqsf ;DaGwdf s'g} jf ;a} af]nkqbftf;Fu 5nkmn ug{ ;Sg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqsf ;DaGwdf pkljlgod - #_ adf]lhd ePsf] 5nkmn ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ;DaGwL cfwf/e"t zt{x¿ (Basic Requirements) k"/f ug{ jf Go"gtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ jf lgwf{l/t cjlw leq sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] jf To:tf zt{x¿ k"/f ug{ jf sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ jf lgwf{l/t cjlw leq} sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu ;+zf]wg ug{ g;Sg] jf cGo s'g} sdhf]/L eO{ k|efju|fxL gePsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL k|:tfj /2 ug{], -v_ k|lt:kwf{ clej[l4 ug{ k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{df x]/k]m/ jf ;'wf/ ug]{, -u_ af]nkqbftfaf6 k]z ePsf ljleGg ljsNkx¿sf] pko'Qmtf lgwf{/0f ug{ d"NofÍg k4lt to ug{] . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 sDkgLn] bf];|f] r/0fdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug{' kg{]5 . To:tf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ ;f]xL pkljlgod adf]lhd af]nkq /2 gePsf af]nkqbftfnfO{ kl/dflh{t af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft cg'¿k d"No ;lxtsf] af]nkq k]z ug{ cfXjfg ug{' kg{]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhd ul/g] bf];|f] r/0fsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxL o;} ljlgodfjnLdf eO/x]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg'¿k ug{' kg{]5 . ^(= af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ePsf] låljwf af/]sf] hfgsf/L M -!_ af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt s'g} s'/fdf låljwf eO{ ;f] ;DaGWfdf :ki6 ug{ lt sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;dofjlw leq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cg'/f]w u/]df sDkgLn] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt x'g' cufj} To:tf] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L / af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf s'g} x]/km]/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] x]/km]/ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L vl/b sf/jfxLdf ;xefuL ePsf ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj tof/ ubf{ To:tf] x]/km]/ pk/ ;d]t ljrf/ ug{ ;do kfpg] u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{sf] nflu af]nkqbftfnfO{ yk ;do lbg cfjZos ePdf sDkgLn] af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd cjlw a9fpg ;Sg]5 .
  • 69.
    60 &)= af]nkq k]zug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s M -!_ sDkgLn] af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, lgdf{0f:yn jf cGo o:t} s'/f ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf bz lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg cufj} af]nkqbftfx?sf] a}7ssf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] a}7sdf af]nkqbftfn] sDkgL ;dIf vl/b sf/jfxL ;DaGwL s'g} k|Zg jf lh1f;f /fVg ;Sg]5 / sDkgLn] k|Zgstf{x?sf] >f]t pNn]v gu/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] k|Zg jf lh1f;fsf] hjfkm / a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 oyflz3| pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] a}7saf6 af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] s'g} k|fljlws jf Jofkfl/s kIfdf x]/km]/ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf sDkgLn] ;f] sfuhftdf ;f]xL adf]lhd ;+zf]wg u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] Joxf]/f To:tf] a}7s ePsf] k+Ffr lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 . &!= af]nkq k]z ug]{ tyf vf]Ng] M -!_ af]nkq k]z ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lt/L ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 ;f] sfof{nosf] sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft lsGg jf sDkgLn] tf]s] adf]lhd sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6 jf cGo :jLs[t j]a ;fO{6af6 af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft 8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft j]a ;fO{6af6 8fpgnf]8 ug]{ / ljB'lto bflvnf ug]{ (e-submission) sf ;DaGwdf OR5's af]nkqbftf btf{ x'g], tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ e'QmfgL u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ / bflvnf ug]{ h:tf k|ls|ofx? lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . OR5's af]nkqbftfsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu sDkgLn] af]nkqsf] ljB'lto bflvnf k|lj|mof (e-submission procedures) sf ;DaGwdf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6 jf cGo :jLs[t j]a ;fO{6df tyf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ Ps JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft csf]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 bflvnf ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . -$_ d"No clej[l4 s/ / cfos/ btf{ k|df0f kq gePsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . t/, cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g . -%_ af]nkq lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf, af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clws[t k|ltlglwn] /Ltk"j{s ;xL5fk tyf l;naGbL u/L af]nkqbftf cfkm}+n] jf cfkmgf] k|ltlglw dfkm{t jf x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfkm{t jf sDkgLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ljB'lto bflvnf k|ls|of dfkm{t af]nkq k]z ug'{ kg]{ :yfgdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do leq} k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 70.
    61 -^_ pkljlgod -%_adf]lhdsf] cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf af]nkqx? pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . To:tf af]nkqx? Gfvf]nL ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ul/g]5 / ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf cfkmgf] af]nkq lkmtf{ lng gcfPdf klg lkmtf{ ePsf] dflgg]5 . -&_ af]nkqsf] ;"rgfdf hgfP cg';f/sf] lglb{i6 :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf af]nkqjfnf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df af]nkq vf]nL d'r'Nsfdf pkl:yt x'g] ;a}sf] ;xL5fk ug'{ u/fpg' kg{]5 . af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt x'g gcfPdf klg ;f] af]nkqx¿ lgwf{l/t :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf vf]lng] 5 . -*_ af]nkq vf]Nbf s'g} af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkqdf cÍ / cIf/ k|i6 gePsf], s]/d]6df ;xL gePsf] tyf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 d"NofÍgsf] nflu låljwf x'g] l:ylt kfOPdf d'r'Nsfdf ;f]xL s'/f pNn]v u/L pkl:yt ;a}sf] ;xL u/fO{ /fVg' kg{]5 . &@= ljb]zLn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ v'nfpg'kg{] s'/fx¿ M -!_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ g]kfnleq cfˆgf] s'g} Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ePsf] /x]5 eg] lghn] To:tf] Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg{]5 M– -s_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwn] kfpg] sldzgsf] cÍ, d'b|fsf] lsl;d / e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf, -u_ Ph]06 / k|ltlglw;Fu ePsf] s'g} zt{, -3_ :yfgLo Ph]06sf] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ btf{ k|df0fkq / lghn] Ph]06 x'g :jLsf/ u/]sf] kq . -@_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ g]kfnleq cfˆgf] s'g} Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm gu/]sf] ePdf b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg{]5 M– -s_ af]nkq ;fy bflvnf ug{'kg{] w/f}6L /sd :yfgfGt/0f, x:tfGt/0f / ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL u/]sf] k|df0f, -v_ ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL ubf{ s'g} g]kfnL JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] a}Í vftf k|of]u u/]sf] eP To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfd tyf 7]ufgf / cfk}+mn] NofO{ ;6xL u/]sf] eP a}Ísf] k|df0f . -#_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfsf] tkm{af6 Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df plNnlvt Joxf]/f k|i6 v'nfpg' kg{]5 . &#= af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg M -!_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] Psk6s k]z u/]sf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj lkmtf{ lng jf ;+zf]wg ug{ rfx]df af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do ;dfKt x'g' cufj} l;naGbL lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg vfdsf] aflx/L efudf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v u/L ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] ljifo,
  • 71.
    62 -v_ af]nkq jfk|:tfj cfXjfg ug{] sfof{no jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -u_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] jf lkmtf{ dfu ul/Psf] ljifo, / -3_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]Ng] lbg / ;dodf dfq vf]Ng' kg{] Joxf]/f . &$= af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw M -!_sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw b]xfo adf]lhd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] nflu gAa] lbg, -v_ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L hlt;'s} nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] nflu Ps ;o aL; lbg . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwsf] u0fgf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldltaf6 k|f/De x'g]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sDkgLn] af]nkq vf]n]kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg' kg]{ ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ a9fpg ;Sg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpFbf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfsf] d~h'/L lng' kg]{5 . af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg] jf ga9fpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5g . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg d~h'/ ug]{ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fP hlQs} cjlw a9fpg' kg]{5 . -^_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd d~h'/L glbg] af]nkqbftfsf] hdfgt lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLn] af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwleq} vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . &%= af]nkq hdfgt tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt M -!_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy pkljlgdo -@_ adf]lhd x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] gub jf a}Í Uof/]G6Lsf] af]nkq hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg{]5 . o:tf] /sdsf] gub hdfgt jf a}Í Uof/]G6L k|To]s af]nkq ;fy 5'§f 5'§} bflvnf ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd a'emfpg' kg{] af]nkq hdfgt jfkt :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg /sdsf] b'O{ b]lv tLg k|ltzt /sdsf] ;Ldfleq /xL u0fgf ul/Psf] lglZrt /sdsf] dflyNnf] xhf/ cÍ k'¥ofO{ ls6fg u/L af]nkqsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{' kg{]5 .
  • 72.
    63 t/, nfut cg'dfggx'g] jf v'nfpg g;lsg] jf v'nfpg pko'Qm gx'g] cj:yfdf saf]n cÍsf] b'O{ bzdnj kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] /sdsf] af]nkq hdfgt /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg afwf kg]{ 5}g . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq hdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw af]nkqsf] dfGo cjlweGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg eGbf a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ af]nkqbftfn] s'g} vf; jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt u|fXo x'g] gx'g] eGg] s'/f v'nfO{ lbg sDkgLnfO{ cg'/f]w u/]df sDkgLn] ;f] ;DaGwdf tTsfn} hjfkm lbg' kg]{5 . -%_ ljb]zL a}Ín] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt g]kfnleqsf] jfl0fHo a}Ín] k|lt–k|Tofe"lt (Counter Guarantee) u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -^_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt b]xfosf] cj:yfdf hkmt x'g]5 M– -s_ af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwleq af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;+zf]wg jf lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]df, -v_ af]nkqdf b]lvPsf] cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L ;RofOPsf] s'/f af]nkqbftfn] :jLsf/ gu/]df, -u_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt zt{ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df, -3_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ Dofbleq lbg g;s]df, -ª_ af]nkq k/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf dfu ul/Psf] s'g} hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqsf] d"No jf ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g u/]df, -r_ ljlgod !)# adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]df . -&_ s'g} af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ePsf] cj:yfdf sDkgLn] lghn] /fv]sf] hdfgt /sd cfkm"nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{ To:tf] hdfgt hf/L ug]{ a}Í ;dIf hdfgt dfGo /xg] cjlwleq} bfjL ug'{ kg]{5 . -*_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePkl5 To:tf] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ af]nkqbftf tyf pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd hdfgt hkmt ug'{ gkg]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt sDkgLn] lkmtf{ ug{' kg]{5 . -(_ af]nkq :jLs[t ePdf af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] vl/b /sd cÍsf] lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;Def/ sfo{sf] xsdf kfFr k|ltzt / dfn;fdfg vl/bsf] xsdf bz k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd gub jf a}Í Uof/]G6Lsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt (Performance Bond) k]z ug'{ kg{]5 . t/, ;f/e"t ?kdf 36L b//]6 jf af]n cÍ saf]n ug]{ af]nkqbftf;+u sDkgLn] yk kGw| k|ltzt;Dd sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 / o;/L dfu ePsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z gePdf vl/b ;Demf}tf ul/g] 5}g . -!)_ pkljlgod -(_ adf]lhdsf] a}Í Uof/]G6L lnFbf ;DalGwt sfof{non] dfu]sf avt a}Ín] t'?Gt e''QmfgL lbg] / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{sf] cjlwe/ dfGo
  • 73.
    64 x'g] zt{ /x]sf]Uof/]G6LnfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg] 5 . vl/b ;Demf}tf cjlwe/sf] a}Í Uof/]G6L pknAw x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf k|To]s jif{ gjLs/0f x'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{ a}Í Uof/]G6L lng ;lsg] 5 . ljb]zL a}Ín] hf/L u/]sf] Uof/]G6Lsf] xsdf g]kfnsf a}Ín] k|lt–k|Tofe"lt (Counter Guarantee) u/]sf]nfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg] 5 . -!!_ pkljlgod -(_ adf]lhd gub hdfgt /fv]sf]df kl5 a}Í Uof/]G6Ldf kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . -!@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd bflvnf ePsf] af]nkq hdfgt jf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt a}Í Uof/]06Lsf] ¿kdf k|fKt ePsf] eP To;sf] clen]v /fvL Dofb e'Qmfgsf] lgoGq0f ug{' kg{]5 / gubsf] ¿kdf bflvnf ePsf]df ;f] /sd sDkgLsf] a}Í vftfdf hDdf u/L ;f]sf] >]:tf /fVg' kg{]5 .
  • 74.
    65 kl/R5]b–* af]nkq k/LIf0f tyfd"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:Yff &^= af]nkqdf sf/jfxL gx'g] M b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /Lt gk'u]sf] af]nkqdf sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g M– -s_ ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 laqmL ePsf] af]nkq kmf/fd e/L gcfPsf] jf af]nkq kmf/fdsf] lgwf{l/t z'Ns e'QmfgL gul/Psf], -v_ l;naGbL eO{ gcfPsf], -u_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eO{ gcfPsf], -3_ Dofbleq bflvnf x'g gcfPsf], -ª_ af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf plNnlvt 9fFrf, dfGo cjlw / /sdsf] hdfgt gePsf], -r_ ;+o'Qm pkj|mddf sfd ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk k]z gu/]sf], -5_ lkmtf{ lnPsf] af]nkq, -h_ ljlgod *^ sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd c:jLs[t jf /2 ePsf af]nkq, -em_ ljlgod *^ sf] pkljlgodx? -@_, -#_, -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd cfk;df ldnf]dtf] u/L / an k|of]u u/L bflvnf ePsf af]nkq, -`_ af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] cGo zt{x¿ k"/f gu/]sf] . &&= d"NofÍg ;ldlt M -!_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] cfzo kq jf k|:tfj jf l;naGbL b/efpkq k/LIf0f / d"NofÍg ug{ sfof{nosf] k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;DalGwt ljifosf] lj1, n]vftk{msf] k|ltlglw / ;DalGwt ljefu jf sfof{nosf] k|ltlglw ;d]t /xg] u/L Ps d"NofÍg ;ldlt u7g ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] sfof{no k|d'vsf] :jls[lt lnO{ sfdsf] k|s[lt / cfjZostf cg';f/ cfkmgf] a}7sdf ;DalGwt ljz]if1 jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltnfO{ k/fdz{bftfsf] ;xof]u cfjZos ePdf :jLs[t sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnLsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . -$_ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 tof/ u/L /fVg' kg{]5 / ;ldltdf 5nkmn ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ljifosf] kmfOn v8f u/L /fVg' kg{]5 . -%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'' kg]{5 .
  • 75.
    66 -^_ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf]a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw ;f] ;ldlt cfk}+mn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . &*= af]nkq k/LIf0f M -!_ sDkgLn] ljlgod &! adf]lhd vf]n]sf] af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] nflu d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ug{' cl3 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfosf s'/fx¿ lgSof{}n ug{ af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] k'i6ofO{+ ug{] sfuhftx¿ k]z eP jf gePsf], -v_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'¿k af]nkq k"0f{ eP jf gePsf] / af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ af]nkq ;fy hdfgt k]z ug{'kg{] eP af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 9fFrf / dfGo cjlwsf] hdfgt ;+nUg eP jf gePsf], -3_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg / ;f]xL sfuhftdf ;+nUg vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{ cg'¿k af]nkq ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL eP jf gePsf] . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f ubf{ b]xfPsf s'/fx¿ k/LIf0f ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglw jf :yfgLo Ph]G6nfO{ lbPsf] clVtof/gfdfsf] sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -v_ ;+o'Qm pkj|md ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cfjZos eP ;f] k]z eP jf gePsf], -u_ af]nkqbftfsf] / lghn] pNn]v u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] u|fXotf (Eligibility) k|dfl0ft ug{] sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -3_ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfjZos sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -ª_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft adf]lhd b/ ljZn]if0f k]z ug{'kg{] eP To:tf] b/ ljZn]if0f k]z eP jf gePsf], -r_ af]nkqbftf JolQmut ?kdf jf ;+o'Qm pks|dsf] ;fem]bf/sf] ?kdf Ps eGbf a9L af]nkqdf ;+nUg eP jf gePsf], -5_ af]nkqbftf ljlgod !)$ sf] pkljlgod -@_, -#_, -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng cof]Uo eP jf gePsf], -h_ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] sfof{noaf6 las|L ePsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq k]z eP gePsf], -em_ ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf cfkm}+n] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft e/L k]z u/] jf gu/]sf], /
  • 76.
    67 -`_ cGo cfjZoss'/fx? . -$_ sDkgLn] o; ljlgod adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f ug{] l;nl;nfdf af]nkqbftf;Fu cfjZos hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd dfu u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn] sDkgLnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 / To;/L hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqsf] d"No jf cGo ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g jf x]/k]m/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -^_ k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f eO{ cfXjfg ePsf] af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf k"j{of]Uotf cg'¿k 5 jf 5}g k/LIf0f ug{' kg{]5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd of]Uotf k/LIf0f ubf{ k"j{of]Uotf cg'¿ksf] of]Uotf ;f/e"t¿kdf 36L ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq /2 ug{'kg]{5 . -*_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ af]nkqdf s'g} cÍ ul0ftLo q'6L kfOPdf sDkgLn] To:tf] q'6L ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L q'6L ;RofpFbf PsfO{ b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf PsfO{ b/ dfGo x'g]5 / ;f]xL b/ adf]lhd s'n /sd ;Rofpg' kg{]5 . -(_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] PsfO{ b//]6 /sd cÍ / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd dfGo x'g]5 . -!)_ pkljlgod -*_ jf -(_ adf]lhd q'6L ;RofOPsf]df To;/L q'6L ;RofOPsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 . -!!_ af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf] af]nkqdf xf8{slk / ;ˆ6slkdf plNnlvt PsfO{ (Bill of Quantity) / d"No b/ tyf s'n d"Nodf km/s k/]df xf8{slkdf plNnlvt PsfO{ / d"No b/ tyf s'n d"NonfO{ dfGotf lbOg]5 . &(= af]nkq d"NofÍg M -!_ ljlgod &^ adf]lhd sf/jfxL gx'g] egL 5'6ofO{Psf af]nkq afx]s bflvnf ePsf cGo af]nkqx? d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;dfj]z ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf] cj:yfdf k"j{ of]Uo ePsf af]nkqbftf afx]s cGo af]nkqbftfaf6 k|fKt af]nkqnfO{ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd x'g] d"NofÍgdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g . -#_ af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . -$_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt If]q, u'0f:t/, ljz]iftf, zt{, sfo{ ;Dkfbg jf cGo s'g} cfjZostfdf tflTjs km/s / uDeL/ c;/ gkg{] sDkgLnfO{ :jLsfo{ ;fgfltgf km/s (Minor Deviations) ePsf af]nkqx¿nfO{ ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL (Substantially Responsive) af]nkq dflgg]5 / To:tf af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ nfutdf s'g} k|efj kg{] ePdf To:tf] k|efjsf] d"No ;dfg cfwf/df sfod u/L af]nkqsf] saf]n cÍdf ;dfof]hg u/L af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd lgsfNg' kg{]5 .
  • 77.
    68 -%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn]pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;fgfltgf km/ssf] d"No sfod ubf{ ;DalGwt sfdsf] nfut cg'dfg jf k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf Aofhb/sf] cfwf/df sfod ug{' kg{]5 . To:tf] nfut cg'dfg, k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf Aofh b/ lglZrt gePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL cfO6dsf] cGo ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqdf pNn]v ePsf] d"Nosf] cf};tsf cfwf/df sfod ug{' kg]{5 . -^_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;fgfltgf km/ssf] d"No af]nkqbftfsf] af]n cÍsf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L ePdf To:tf] af]nkq ;f/e"t ¿kdf ck|efju|fxL ePsf] dflgg]5 / To:tf] af]nkqnfO{ d"NofÍgdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g . -&_ pkljlgod -$_ / -%_ tyf ljlgod *), *! / *@ adf]lhd lgsflnPsf] af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd af]nkqsf] t'ngf ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq k|of]u x'g]5 / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] d"Nodf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g . -*_ af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf cg';f/ ug{' kg{]5 / To;/L d"NofÍg ubf{ k|To]s af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd csf{] af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd;Fu t'ngf u/L Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkq lgwf{/0f ug{' kg{]5 . -(_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k eP gePsf] hfFr ug{' kg{]5 . -!)_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf hfFr ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] af]nkq Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dflgg]5 . o;/L hfFr ubf{ To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k ePsf] gkfOPdf lghsf] af]nkq d"NofÍgaf6 x6fO qmdzM csf{] Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug{] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] hfFr ;f]xL cfwf/df ug{' kg{]5 . -!!_ af]nkqsf] d"nk|lt / k|ltlnlkdf d"No jf cGo s'g} s'/fdf leGgtf kfOPdf d"n k|ltdf pNn]v ePsf] d"No jf s'/f dfGo x'g]5 . *)= af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] If]q, -v_ d'Vo d'Vo dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, sfo{ ;~rfng tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg ljz]iftfx¿ (Operating and Performance Characteristics), / -u_ jf/]06Lsf] ;dofjlw . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt s'/f / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] s'/fdf s'g} leGgtf kfOPdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] leGgtf ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg{]5 .
  • 78.
    69 -#_ pkljlgod -@_adf]lhdsf] leGgtfsf] d"No af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf u/L sfod ug'{ kg{]5 . *!= af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg ePkl5 d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf cfk"lt{ jf ;DkGg ug{] cjlw, -v_ e'QmfgLsf] zt{, -u_ af]nkqbftfn] ;dodf sfd ;DkGg gu/] jfkt ltg{'kg{] k"j{lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{, -3_ k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL af]nkqbftfsf] bfloTj, -ª_ af]nkqbftfn] k"/f ug{' kg]{ bfloTj, -r_ af]nkqbftfn] k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGo s'g} zt{ yk u/]sf] eP To:tf] zt{ . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt s'/f / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] s'/f hfFrL s'g} leGgtf kfOPdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] leGgtf ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] leGgtfsf] d"No sfod ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf u/L sfod ug{' kg{]5 . *@= af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg M -!_ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ePkl5 To:tf] af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kIfsf cfjZos s'/fx¿ ;lxt b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]tsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd d"No lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd sfod ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ cfGtl/s 9'jfgL vr{, -v_ k|fljlws ljz]iftf . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd k|fljlws ljz]iftfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt vl/b ;DaGwL Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmn (Output) eGbf a9L b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] af]nkq k]z ePsf]df d"NofÍg ;ldltn] Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] dfq d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . -$_ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf :jb]zL dfn;fdfg / :yfgLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] s'/f pNn]v ePsf] cj:yfdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] :jb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lbOg] k|fyldstfsf] /sd u0fgf u/L
  • 79.
    70 To:tf] /sd ljb]zLaf]nkqbftfsf] saf]n cÍdf hf]8L d"NoflÍt cÍ sfod ug{' kg{]5 . -%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkqbftfn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] hu]8f kf6{k'hf{sf ;DaGwdf ljrf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . af]nkqbftfn] eljiodf hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ egL af]nkqdf zt{ /flvPsf] eP To:tf kf6{k"hf{sf] d"No af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g . -^_ af]nkq kmf/fddf pNn]lvt Jofj;flos / k|fljlws k|:tfjdf s'g} klg k|d'v km/s (Major Deviations) gePsf] af]nkqnfO{ ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dfgL cfly{s d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 . *#= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkqsf] ljz]if d"NofÍg M -!_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ljlgodx? *), *! / *@ df pNn]lvt s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{ of]hgf, sfo{ ;Dkfbg tflnsf / kl/rfng ;do af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] eP jf gePsf], -v_ af]nkqbftfn] lan ckm SjflG66Ldf ;+nUg cfO6dsf] nflu pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO{ b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf], -u_ saf]n cÍ b]xfosf] sf/0fn] c;Gt'lnt eP jf gePsf] M– -c_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] k|f/lDes r/0fdf ug{' kg{] sfdsf] cfO6dsf] nflu af]nkqbftfn] c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n], jf -cf_ af]nkqbftfn] lan ckm SjflG66Lsf] s'g} cfO6ddf Go"g cg'dfg ePsf] egL ljZjf; u/]sf] cfO6dsf] nflu lghn] c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n] . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf jf af]nkqbftfn] ;Gtf]ifhgs ?kdf sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] u/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] If]q jf k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg unt ¿kdf a'lem jf ga'lem c:jfefljs Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf k|f/lDes r/0fdf ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu a9L b/n] pNn]v u/]sf] (Front Loading) 5 jf 5}g eGg] s'/f d"NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ug{' kg{]5 . To;/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] cj:yfdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu b/ ljZn]if0f ;xLtsf] :ki6Ls/0f dfu ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd dfu]sf] :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs ePdf To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu lghsf] saf]n cÍsf] bz k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lnO{ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] l;kmfl/; ug{ / To:tf] :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf To:tf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ sfof{nonfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .
  • 80.
    71 -$_ pkljlgod -#_adf]lhd lnOPsf] yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt clGtd lan e'QmfgL ePkl5 lkmtf{ ug{' kg{]5 . *$= k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'kg]{ M d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfosf s'/f v'nfO{ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd u/]sf] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg{]]5 M– -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ ljlgod &* sf] pkljlgod -@_, -#_, -$_ / -^_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ kfOPsf cfwf/x¿, -u_ af]nkqbftfx¿sf] s'n saf]n /sd, d"NoflÍt /sd / d'b|f, -3_ ljlgod ^$ sf] pkljlgod -$_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd af]nkq t'ngf ug{ k|of]u ePsf] d'b|f / af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ldltsf] ljlgdo b/sf] cfwf/df sfod ePsf] /sd, -ª_ ljlgod &* sf] pkljlgod -*_ / -(_ adf]lhd q'6L ;RofPsf] eP To:tf] q'6L ;RofO{ sfod ePsf] s'n saf]n /sd / d'b|f, -r_ af]nkqbftfn] d"Nodf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] s'/f cfly{s k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] 5'6 /sd ;dfof]hg u/]sf] s'/f, -5_ ljlgod &( sf] pkljlgod -$_ / -!)_ tyf ljlgod *@ sf] pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf .
  • 81.
    72 kl/R5]b–( af]nkqsf] :jLs[tL /vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf *%= af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L / lghsf] st{Jo M -!_ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/ af]nkqsf] /sdsf] cfwf/df kl/R5]b–!@ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] clwsf/L cfkm}+n] af]nkq :jLs[t ug{ gldNg] ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f pNn]v u/L lgheGbf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg{]5 . -#_ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/Lsf] st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhdsf] x'g]5 M– -s_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf af]nkqx¿ dWo] o; ljlgodfjnLn] tf]s]sf] d"NofÍgsf cfwf/x¿ k"/f u/]sf] ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkq :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . -v_ s]xL af]nkqx¿ jf Pp6f dfq af]nkq ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ jf k"gM af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -u_ ljlgod &^ adf]lhdsf] /Lt gk'u]sf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g . -3_ af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ePsf] cfwf/sf] ;"rgf ;a} af]nkqbftfx¿nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -ª_ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L jf ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq c:jLs[t jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 eO{ k'gM af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ To;/L af]nkq c:jLs[t jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 x'gfsf] sf/0fsf] ;dLIff u/L cfjZostfg';f/ af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]lzlkms]zg, nfut cg'dfg tyf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿df x]/k]m/ ;d]t ug{' kg{]5 . -r_ af]nkq d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg k]z x'g cfPsf] a9Ldf tL; lbgleq af]nkq :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . ;f] cjlwleq af]nkq :jLs[t ug{ g;lsPdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clws[tnfO{ hgfp lbO{ To:tf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . *^= af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{] jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{] M -!_ sDkgLn] b]xfosf s'g} cj:yfdf ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/jfxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ ljlgod &* adf]lhd af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ s'g}klg af]nkq ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, jf -v_ ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqsf] af]n cÍ nfut cg'dfgeGbf ;f/e"t ¿kdf a9L ePdf, jf
  • 82.
    73 -u_ cf}lrTo /sf/0faf6 k'i6ofO{+ eO{ dfu ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf cfjZos gePdf . -@_ s[lqd k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L cfk;L ldnf]dtf]df (Cartelling) af]nkq lbPsf] jf ;+zf]wg u/]sf] b]lvPdf To;/L ldnf]dtf] ug{]sf] af]nkq /2 u/L w/f}6L hkmt ul/g]5 . -#_ ldnf]dtf] jf cfly{s k|nf]eg lbO{ jf k|lt:kwL{nfO{ an k|of]u u/L k|lt:kwf{af6 jl~rt u/fPsf] s'/f vl/b ;Demf}tf eO{ sfo{ z'? ePkl5 klg v'Ng cfO{ k|dfl0ft ePdf vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{]sf] vl/b ;Demf}tf /2 u/L w/f}6L / cGo /sd hkmt ul/g]5 . -$_ cfk;df ldn]/ af]nkq /fv]sf] eGg] s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf s;}n] k|df0f ;lxt ph"/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . 5fglagaf6 ph"/ ;To 7xl/g uPdf pkljlgod -@_ / - #_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . -%_ vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{] p2]Zon] cGo k|lt:kwL{nfO{ s'g} k|sf/n] af]nkq k|:t't ug{ s;}n] /f]s]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf af]nkqbftfaf6 bflvnf ePsf] af]nkq /2 u/L lghn] /fv]sf] w/f}6L /sd hkmt ul/g]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL ;ldltåf/f ul7t ;DalGwt ljifosf] pk;ldltn] ug{]5 . *&= cg'lrt k|efjdf kfg{ / kg{ gx'g] M s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cfˆgf] jf c¿ s;}sf] af]nkqsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} lsl;dsf] cg'lrt k|efj kfg{ jf bafa lbg k|of; u/] u/fPdf To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ ;lsg] 5 / o;/L af]nkq c:jLs[t ul/Pdf ;f]sf] clen]v /fVg jf /fVg nufpg' kg{]5 . af]nkq d"NofÍg / lg0f{o ug{] k|lqmofdf ;+nUg sd{rf/L To:tf] k|efjdf k/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] sd{rf/L pk/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL x'g]5 . **= af]nkqsf] :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf M -!_ sDkgLn] ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqx? dWo] Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkq dfq :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft lbgleq sDkgLn] ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 . To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / /sdsf] hfgsf/L cGo af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg{]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgsf] cjlwleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] ljlgod !)* adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s pkljlgdo -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ kGw| lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{sf] nflu sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf ug{ ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 . ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/]sf] kGw| lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L ;Sg' kg{]5 .
  • 83.
    74 -$_ pkljlgod -#_adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/L af]nkqbftf ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf lghsf] af]nkq hdfgt /sd hkmt u/L ;f] eGbf nuQ} kl5sf] csf{] ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . ;f] af]nkqbftf klg sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf To; kl5sf] ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL Go"gtd d"NoflÍt af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq qmdzM :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] tL; lbgleq af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] s'g} af]nkqbftfn] lghsf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] sf/0fsf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt sfof{non] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . -^_ af]nkqbftfn] ljlgod &% sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd /fv]sf] af]nkq hdfgt /sd o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] sfd ;dfKt geP;Dd lkmtf{ lbOg] 5}g . -&_ af]nkq :jLs[lt ePkl5 o; ljlgodfjnLdf pNn]v ul/Psf cGo s'/fx¿sf] cltl/Qm vl/b ;Demf}tfdf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft jf l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fddf plNnlvt zt{x¿ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ljlgod *( adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . -*_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePkl5 af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jf d"NofÍgsf] kl/0ffd ;lxtsf] ;"rgf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6 tyf ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF;u/L ;fj{hlgs ug{' kg{]5 . -(_ s'g} af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] jf gug{] ;jf{lwsf/ sDkgLdf ;'/lIft /xg]5 . *(= vl/b ;Demf}tf / ;f]sf zt{x? M -!_ sDkgLn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd km'6s/ vl/b afx]s cGo vl/b ubf{ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft jf l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fddf plNnlvt zt{x? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf zt{x? ;Demf}tfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5g M– -s_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf kIfx?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf, kmf]g, kmofS; gDa/, O{d]n 7]ufgf / ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;Dks{ /fVg] JolQm, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{ If]q, -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf /x]sf lnvtx?sf] ljj/0f / k|fyldstfsf] qmd, -3_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg tflnsf, -ª_ cfk"lt{ ;do, sfo{;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{ ;do jf Dofb yk ug{ ;lsg] g;lsg] Joj:yf, -r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] /sd jf ;f] lgwf{/0f ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jf :jLsf/ x'g] zt{x?,
  • 84.
    75 -h_ k]ZsL e'QmfgL,ljb]zL d'b|fsf] e'QmfgL nufot e'QmfgLsf zt{ / tl/sf, -em_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL (Force Majeure), -`_ d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -6_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;zf]wg / e]l/P;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -7_ aLdf cfjZos ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -8_ cfjZos kg]{ hdfgt, -9_ lgwf{l/t cjlwdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ -lnlSj8]6]8 8ofd]h_, -0f_ vl/b ;Demf}tf /2 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf, -t_ ;a sG6«ofS6 ug{ ;lsg] jf g;lsg] Joj:yf, -y_ ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] ;+oGq, -b_ nfu" x'g] sfg"g, / -w_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . ()= ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ubf{ sDkgLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf sfdx? ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ePkl5 ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL;Fu cfjZos eP a}7s -kf]i6 lj8 sGkm|]G;_ ug]{, -v_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL sfo{of]hgf / sfo{tflnsf tof/ ug{], -u_ ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ adf]lhd ;doleq} k|lttkq vf]Ng] Joj:yf ug]{, -3_ cfjZos ePdf ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog 6f]nL u7g ug]{, -ª_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog sfo{ of]hgf cg';f/ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfo{fGjogsf] k|ult cg'udg ug]{ / u'0f:t/ kIfsf] lg/LIf0f / k/LIf0f ug]{, -r_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lgdf{0f sfo{:yn ;'Dkg] / ;f] :yn;Dd kxF'rsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg], vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] x]/km]/, e]l/Pzg cfb]z, d"No ;dfof]hg, vl/b ;Demf}tf lgnDjg jf cGt, sfo{ ;DkGg k|df0fLs/0f, e'QmfgL cflbsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, -5_ sDkgL / cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL aLr s'g} ljjfb pTkGg eP To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] pkfo ckgfpg], ;Demf}tf pNn+3g ePsf] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt pkrf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg';f/ sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg], -h_ ah]6 / nfut n]vf -Cost Accounting_ sf] kIf nufot ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] ljQLo kIfsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,
  • 85.
    76 -em_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog;Fu;DalGwt sfuhft l;nl;nfa¢ / Jojl:yt 9+un] /fVg], -`_ ;Dkfbg ePsf] sfd :jLs[t ug]{, / -6_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] cfjlws k|ltj]bg Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug]{ . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ lgsfon] cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt clwsf/df k|lts'n c;/ gkg]{ u/L] gS;f, :k]l;lkms]zg / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ cg';f/ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . (!= aLdf u/fpg' kg{] M -!_ bz nfv ¿k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf lgdf{0f Joj:ffoL jf cfk"lt{stf{n] aLdf u/fpg'kg]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] ;Demf}tf u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf z'? x'g] ldltb]lv dd{t cjlw;Dd nfu" x'g] u/L lgDgfg';f/sf] hf]lvdsf] nflu aLdf u/]sf] k|df0f sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg{]5 . o:tf] aLdfsf] aLdfÍ af]nkq kmf/fddf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -s_ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, k|of]u ul/g] d]lzg, cf}hf/ jf Knf06 nufot lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k"0f{ k|lt:yfkg vr{, :ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ævr{Æ eGgfn] gfkmf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -v_ k]zfut z'Ns, lgdf{0f sfo{sf] s'g} efu eTsfpg, x6fpg tyf s'+8f ss{6 jf v]/ uPsf] ;fdu|L x6fpgsf] nflu nfUg] vr{ nufot xfgL jf gf]S;fgL eP jfkt x'g] vr{ jf ;f] ;DaGwL cfg'ifflËs vr{ ;d]6gsf nflu v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] k|lt:yfkg vr{sf] kGw| k|ltzt /sd jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt eP adf]lhdsf] cltl/Qm /sd, -u_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] lgdf{0f :yndf NofPsf] cfkmgf] pks/0f / cGo j:t'sf] lgdf{0f :yndf k|lt:yfkg ug{ nfUg] kof{Kt /sd, -3_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lgdf{0f :yn ;'lDkPsf] ldltb]lv x:tfGt/0f k|df0fkq hf/L ul/g] ldlt;Dd lgdf{0f sfo{sf] s'g} v08 jf c+zdf pkljlgod -#_ df pNn]v ePsf] sf/0f afx]s cGo h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 x'g] ;a} xfgL gf]S;fgL, -ª_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] b]xfosf bfloTjx? M– -!_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] q'6L ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlwdf cfkmgf] bfloTj kfng ug]{ qmddf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL, /
  • 86.
    77 -@_ q'6L ;Rofpg]bfloTjsf] cjlw k|f/De x'g' cl3 pTkGg ePsf] s'g} sf/0faf6 q'6L ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlwdf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL . -#_ o; ljlgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] aLdfaf6 b]xfosf sf/0faf6 ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf Ifltsf] nflu bfloTj jxg ug'{ kg]{ 5}g M– -s_ o'4, zq'tf jf cfqmd0f, -v_ ljb«f]x, qmflGt, laKnj jf ;}lgs zf;g jf u[x o'4, -u_ ljls/0fsf] km}nfj6, cf0fljs OGwgsf] ljls/0f jf Hjngaf6 pTkGg cf0fljs kmf]x/ jf ljls/0fo'Qm ljiffbL ljikmf]6 jf cGo xflgsf/s tTjx?sf] ljikmf]6 jf cf0fljs ;+of]hg jf ;f]sf] cf0fljs c+zsf] k|b'if0f, / -3_ ltj| Wjlgs ultdf p8g] xjfO{ hxfh jf xjfO{ oGqåf/f >[lht jfo'sf] rfk . -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ jf To;df /x]sf] s'g} q'6L ;'wf/ ubf{ ePsf] jf To:tf sfo{sf] kl/0ffd :j?k ePsf] b]xfosf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jfktsf] Ifltk"lt{sf] bfjL / To:tf] bfjL ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ tyf b:t'/ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ rf]6k6s nfu]df jf lghsf] d[To' ePdf, jf -v_ lgdf{0f sfo{df afx]s sfo{ ;~rfng / ;DkGgsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;DklQdf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL . -%_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{n] dfn;fdfg vl/bdf dfn;fdfgsf] l;=cfO{=kL= (Carriage and Insurance Paid to) d"Nosf] sDtLdf Ps;o bz k|ltzt /sd a/fa/sf] uf]bfdb]lv uf]bfd;Dd o'4, x8tfn / cfuhgL ;d]tsf] ;a} hf]vLd Joxf]g]{ u/L aLdf u/fpg' kg]{5 . -^_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lagf aLdfsf zt{x¿df s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . (@= vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg M -!_ sfdsf] u'0f:t/, Ifdtf, kl/df0f, cfo' / k|fljlws ljz]iftfdf s'g} c;/ gkg]{ s'/f ljlgod ^$ sf] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 olsg u/L u/fO{ sfdsf] cfwf/e"t k|s[lt jf If]q kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L b'j} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltaf6 vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s sDkgLnfO{ cfly{s ef/ ga9g] u/L vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -@_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yf ljBdfg ePdf pkljlgod -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL dfn;fdfgsf] pTkQLsf] d"n's (Country of Origin) kl/jt{g u/L ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 M– -s_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ePkl5 ;f] ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbg ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] b]zdf aGb ePsf], jf
  • 87.
    78 -v_ cGo sfa'aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL (Force Majeure) k/L ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] b]zaf6 cfk"lt{ x'g g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfn;fdfgsf] pTkQLsf] d"n's (Country of Origin) kl/jt{g u/L ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ubf{ pTkfbssf] pTkfbg tyf cfk"lt{ >[Înf (Production and Supply Chain) k|dfl0ft x'g' kg]{ / ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt a|f08, :k]lzlkms]zg, Ifdtf / u'0f:t/ cg'?ks} dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfn;fdfgsf] a|f08 ;d]t kl/jt{g x'g] ePdf sDkgLnfO{ cfly{s ef/ ga9g] u/L pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . -%_ sDkgLsf] lxt x'g] olsg ePdf pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -$_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ubf{ cku|]8]8 e;{g jf :k]lzlkms]zg tyf pRr Ifdtf / u'0f:t/sf] dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;lsg]5 . -^_ ljlgod (# adf]lhd e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ubf{ jf ljlgod ($ adf]lhd d"No ;dfof]hg ubf{ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ 5}g . (#= e]l/P;g cfb]z M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s vl/b ;Demf}tf ubf{sf avt k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsPsf] kl/l:ylt ;f] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ;[hgf eO{ k|fljlws sf/0faf6 To:tf] sfo{sf] kl/df0fdf yk, 36 ug{ jf gofF cfO6d yKg jf ;§f ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f]sf] :ki6 sf/0f v'nfO{ k|fljlws k'i6ofO{+ lnO{ e]l/P;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd hf/L ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] cfwf/e"t k|s[lt jf If]q kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L ug{' kg{], -v_ ah]6sf] Joj:yf ePsf] x'g' kg]{, / -u_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnPsf] x'g' kg]{ . -#_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt b//]6eGbf a9L b//]6 x'g] u/L e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{' x'Fb}g . a9L b//]6 x'g] u/L e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{' kg{] ePdf cfO6dsf] b/ ;d]t ljZn]if0f u/L Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg{]5 . -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] vl/bdf gofF cfO6d yk ug{'kg{] ePdf sDkgLn] To:tf] gofF cfO6dsf] b/ ;d]t ljZn]if0f u/L b//]6 lgwf{/0f ug{' kg{]5 . -%_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? :ki6 ¿kdf v'nfpg' kg{]5 M– -s_ e]l/Pzgsf] k|s[lt, 7"nf cfO6d, ;fgf cfO6d, -v_ Dofb yk ug{' kg{] jf gkg{] / kg{] eP slt lbg ug'{kg{],
  • 88.
    79 -u_ e]l/Pzg ul/PsfcfO6dsf] b//]6 lan ckm SjfG6L6Lsf] cfO6dsf] b//]6 eGbf 36La9L, -3_ cBfjlws k]m/abn hDdf ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] slt k|ltzt ePsf], / -ª_ e]l/Pzg cfb]zkl5sf] hDdf–hDdL /sd z'? ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] slt k|ltzt x'g] . -^_ s'g} sf/0fn] ;do cefj eO{ jf cfsl:ds sfo{ ug{'kg{] cj:yf cfO{ t'?Gt yk sfd u/fpg k/]df sfof{non] Ps tx dflysf clwsf/Laf6 k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ e]l/Pzg sfo{ cufl8 a9fpg ;Sg]5 . -&_ ;Demf}tfdf gk/]sf yk gofF sfo{sf] lx;fa ubf{ z'? nfut cg'dfg / :jLs[t ;Demf}tf d"Nodf hlt k|ltztn] sd ePsf] 5 ;f]xL k|ltztsf] cfwf/df yk gofF sfo{sf] nfutsf] cg'dfg /sddf 36fO{ e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . z'? nfut cg'dfg /sdeGbf :jLs[t ;Demf}tf d"No a9L ePdf yk gofF sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg /sddf ga9g] u/L e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu M z'? nfut cg'dfg Psnfv ?k}ofF /x]sf] / ;Demf}tf d"No gAa] xhf/ ?k}ofF ePsf] cj:yfdf z'? nfut cg'dfg eGbf :jLs[t ;Demf}tf d"Nodf bzk|ltztn] sd ePsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf olb yk gofF sfo{sf] nfutsf] cg'dfg /sd bz xhf/ ?k}ofF x'g cfof] eg] ;f] /sddf bz k|ltztsf b/n] /sd 36fO{ afFls x'g] /sd gf} xhf/ e'QmfgL ul/g] 5 . t/, ;Demf}tf d"No Ps nfv bz xhf/ ?k}ofF /x]5 eg] yk sfdsf] nflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF g} e'QmfgL ug{' kg{]5 . ($= vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hg M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s kGw| dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{] qmddf d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] jf g;lsg] Joj:yf af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft / vl/b ;Demf}tfdf :ki6 v'nfpg' kg{]5 . t/, lgdf{0f sfo{df /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg eO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf s'g} lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] d"No ;fljs d"Nosf] bz k|ltzt;Dd 36a9 ePdf d"Nodf s'g} ;dfof]hg ul/g] 5}g . ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf s'g} lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] d"No ;fljs d"Nosf] bz k|ltzteGbf a9L 36a9 ePdf To;/L bz k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf] k|ltztsf] b/df dfq d"No ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 . -@_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hgsf] Joj:yf ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M– -s_ d"No ;dfof]hg ug]{ cj:yf, -v_ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;"q, o; v08 adf]lhd ;"q lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DkGg ePsf] sfddf nfu]sf] >d, ;fdu|L / pks/0fx?sf] dfq d"No ;dfof]hg x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 89.
    80 -u_ v08 -v_adf]lhdsf] ;"qdf k|of]u ul/g] d"Nosf] ;+/rgf ->d, pks/0f, ;fdu|L, O{Gwgsf] d"No cflb_, -3_ d"No ;dfof]hgsf] clwstd /sd, -ª_ k|To]s d"No ;+/rgfsf] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ k|of]u ul/g] ;Da4 d"No ;"rL (Price Indices), -r_ d"No ;"rL pNn]v ug{ k|of]u ul/g] d'b«f / e'QmfgL lbg k|of]u ul/g] d'b|f aLrsf] ljlgdo b/sf] 36a9 dfkg ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"q k|of]u ug{ lnOg] cfwf/ ldlt, -h_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"q nfu" x'g] ;dosf] cGt/fn, / -em_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"qsf] k|of]uaf6 b]lvg' kg]{ Go"gtd d"No j[l4 / d"No ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL k|fjwfg nfu" x'g k"/f x'g'kg]{ cGo zt{ tyf aGb]h . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{] JolQmsf] l9nfO{sf] sf/0faf6 ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;f] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlwleq ;DkGg geO{ a9L ;do nfu]sf]df jf Psd'i6 sfo{ ;Dkfbg (Lumpsum Contract) jf lglZrt ah]6sf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf]df d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -$_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd ul/g] d"No ;dfof]hgsf] clwstd /sd z'? ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kRrL; k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] 5}g . d"No ;dfof]hgsf] /sd ;f] clwstd l;dfeGbf a9L x'g] ePdf sDkgLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{, ;Demf}tf d"NonfO{ :jLs[t ah]6leq kfg{sf] nflu lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf;Fu jftf{ ug{ jf vr{ 36fpg] cGo pkfo cjnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 . (%= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ug{] M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;DalGwt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] Dofb yk u/L lbg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ cfk"lt{stf{sf] sfa' aflx/sf] ljz]if kl/l:ylt jf s'g} dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f k/]df, / -v_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sDkgLn] k"/f ug{'kg{] bfloTj k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] cfkm"nfO{ ;'lDkPsf] sfd k"/f ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf k/]df lghn] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ sfd k"/f ug{'kg{] cjlw ;dfKt x'g'eGbf ;ftlbg cufj} ;DalGwt sfof{nodf Dofb yksf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg{]5 .
  • 90.
    81 -$_ pkljlgod -#_adf]lhd lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 sDkgLsf] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L hfFra'em ubf{ jf u/fpFbf lghn] b]xfosf s'/fx? ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;dod} ;DkGg ug{ e/dUb'/ k|of; u/]sf] lyof] jf lyPg, -v_ sDkgLn] ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;Demf}tf adf]lhd pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'/f pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] jf lyPg, -u_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:yltsf] sf/0faf6 sfddf l9nfO{ ePsf] xf] jf xf]Og, / -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd k"/f ug{'kg{], k"/f ePsf / afFsL sfdsf] ljj/0f . -%_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] l9nfO{sf] sf/0faf6 vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfd k"/f x'g g;s]df lghn] sDkgL;Fu u/]sf] ;Demf}tf /sd dWo] k'/f x'[g g;s]sf] sfd jf ;~rfngdf Nofpg g;s]sf] pks/0f jf ;]jf a/fa/sf] /sdsf] k|lt xKtf z'Go bzdnj kfFr k|ltztsf b/n] a9Ldf s'n ;Demf}tf /sd -d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s_ sf] bz k|ltzt;Dd xhf{gf (Liquidated Damages) Ifltk"lt{ lng] u/L Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/, s'g} sfdsf] ;DaGwdf o; pkljlgoddf plNnlvt xhf{gf /sd eGbf km/s lsl;dsf] xhf{gf nufpg' kg{] ePdf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhd xhf{gf nufpg] u/L Dofb yk ubf{ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] yk cfly{s Jooef/ bfjL ug{ gkfpg] s'/f ;d]t :ki6 v'nfO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 . -&_ pkljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ ltb{}df ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ bfloTjaf6 d'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g . (^= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{ k|ult cg'udg ug{] M vl/b ;Demf}tf ubf{ sfo{qmd / sfo{ tflnsf ;d]t ;+nUg u/L ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . sfo{ tflnsf adf]lhd jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{ adf]lhd sfd eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf sfof{no k|d'v jf cfof]hgf k|d'vn] lg/Gt/ cg'udg ug{' u/fpg' kg{]5 . o:tf] cg'udgsf] glthf q}dfl;s ¿kdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg{]5 . k|ltj]bg k|fKt ug{] clwsf/Ln] k|ltj]bg cWoog u/L cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
  • 91.
    82 (&= k|fljlwssf] lhDd]jf/LM o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b, lgdf{0f tyf h8fg ;DaGwL sfdsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{], hfFr ug{] tyf :jLs[t 8«OË, l8hfOg tyf :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhd u'0f:t/o'Qm sfd eP gePsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f u/L hfFra'em ug{] lhDd]jf/L ;f] sfdsf] nflu sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] k|fljlws sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . (*= sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ M sfof{non] lgdf{0f tyf h8fg;DaGwL sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 b]xfo adf]lhd sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg{]5 M– -s_ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg adf]lhd lgdf{0f tyf h8fg;DaGwL sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf] sfd lgwf{l/t 8«OË, l8hfOg tyf :k]lzlkms]zg adf]lhd u'0f:t/o'Qm eP jf gePsf] k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hfFra'em u/fO{ sfo{ ;DkGgsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{' u/fpg' kg{]5 . sfof{no k|d'vn] cfjZos b]v]df k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt sfd eP gePsf] cfk}+mn] hfFra'em ug{ jf To:tf] hfFra'emsf] sfo{ ug{ k|fljlws sd{rf/L jf k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx¿sf] 6f]nL v6fpg ;Sg]5 . -v ;Demf}tf cg'?ksf] sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] rf/ dlxgfleq clgjfo{ ¿kdf sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L ;dIf k|:t't ug{' kg{]5 . t/, sfd u/fpg] clwsf/L / af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/L Pp6} ePdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf ;f] k|ltj]bg k]z ug{' kg{]5 . -u_ v08 -s_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bz nfv ¿k}ofF;Ddsf] lgdf{0f tyf h8fg;DaGwL sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 To:tf] sfd sfof{no k|d'v k|fljlws eP cfk}+m+n] jf ljlgod (& df plNnlvt k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hFrfO{ :jLs[t ug{' kg{]5 . o;/L :jLs[t ePsf] sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;f] hfFr ug{] k|fljlws sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . -3_ sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg :jLs[t ePkl5 lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{sf] cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ sfo{ ;DkGg k|df0fkq lbg' kg{]5 . -ª_ sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg :jLs[t ePkl5 ;DkGg lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{sf] clen]v ;DalGwt sfof{non] /fvL Ps–Ps k|lt tfn's sfof{no tyf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf klg k7fpg' kg{]5 . -r_ lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 af]nkq tyf ;Demf}tfkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd lgdf{0f tyf h8fg sfo{sf] hfFrkf; k|ltj]bg (Acceptance Certificate) tof/ ug{' kg{]5 . To:tf] hfFrkf; jf k|ltj]bg lbg] sfo{ af]nkqsf] :k]l;lkms]zg tof/ ug{], d"NofÍg ug{] jf h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] JolQmx¿af6
  • 92.
    83 u/fpg' x'Fb}g .t/, tLg jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;b:o /xg] hfFrkf; 6f]nLdf ljz]if1sf] lx;fan] To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+nUg u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . ((= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo / ;f]sf] pkrf/ M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;f] ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;lsg] cj:yfx¿ v'nfpg' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf cj:yfx¿ d'Vo ?kdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5g M– -s_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg gu/]df sDkgLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf, -v_ sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo (Termination by Convenience) ug{ ;Sg], -u_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;Sg], / -3_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:yltdf vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{] cfwf/df b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'/fx¿ ;lxt ljQLo km/kmf/s ug{] / Ifltk"lt{ lbg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf pNn]v ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ :jLsfo{ ¿kdf ;DkGg eO{;s]sf sfo{, cfk"lt{ jf ;]jf jfkt ug{'kg{] e'QmfgL afFsL /x]sf] eP ;f]sf] e'QmfgL, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 sDkgLn] ;f] sfd ug{ jf u/fpgsf nflu nfUg] yk vr{ jfkt lghn] Joxf]g{' kg]{ bfloTj, -u_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{btf jf ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] s'g} q'6L (Default) lagf sDkgLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo u/]sf] sf/0fn] lghn] Joxf]g{' k/]sf] jf:tljs xfgL gf]S;fgLsf] /sd . -$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ePsf]df sDkgLn] ;f] ;Demf}tf cGTo x'g'eGbf cl3 ;DkGg eO;s]sf b]xfosf sfd jfktsf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{' kg{]5 M -s_ :jLsfo{ ¿kdf ;DkGg eO{;s]sf sfo{, cfk"lt{ jf ;]jf jfkt ug{'kg{] e'QmfgL afFsL eP ;f] e'QmfgL, -v_ s'g} vr{sf] e'QmfgL zf]wegf{sf] ¿kdf lbg] Joj:yf ePsf]df jf:tljs ¿kdf ePsf] To:tf] vr{,
  • 93.
    84 -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tfcGtu{t sDkgLsf] nflu ljz]if ¿kdf agfO{Psf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No, lgdf{0f :yndf NofOPsf lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, -3_ lgdf{0f :ynaf6 pks/0f x6fpg nfUg] dgfl;a vr{, -ª_ u'd]sf] gfkmf / pkljlgod -#_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] /sd afx]s vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{, / -r_ cfjZos eP lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;+/If0f / ;'/Iff vr{ . -^_ pkljlgod -%_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sDkgLn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ lbPsf] ;"rgf cfk"lt{stf{n] k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq l;kd]G6sf] nflu tof/ x'g] / tof/ ePsf dfn;fdfg To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf zt{ / d"Nodf :jLsf/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ df plNnlvt dfn;fdfg afx]s cGo ;fdfgsf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] s'g} c+z k"/f u/fO{ ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt zt{ / d"Nodf k|fKt ug]{, jf -v_ afFsL /x]sf dfn;fdfgsf] cfk"lt{ cfb]z /2 ug]{ / cfk"lt{stf{n] cf+lzs ?kdf tof/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf / ;Demf}tf cGTo x'g' cufj} cfk"lt{stf{n] vl/b u/]sf] ;fdu|L jf kf6{k"hf{ jfkt cfk;L ;xdltaf6 d~h'/ ul/Psf] /sd lghnfO{ e'QmfgL ug]{ . -*_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] pNn+3g u/]df sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt x'g] pkrf/ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] pkrf/ vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug'{sf] cltl/Qm b]xfo adf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5 M– -s_ q'6Lk"0f{ sfo{ c:jLsf/ ug]{, -v_ q'6Lk"0f{ dfn;fdfg tTsfn x6fpg] / ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|lt:yfkg ug{ nufpg], -u_ ;dodf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt ug]{, -3_ ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug]{ / ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd gug]{ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] vr{df To:tf] sfo{ ;DkGg u/fpg], -ª_ cfg'ifflËs Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg], / -r_ k|rlnt sfg"g jf vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd pknAw x'g] cGo pkrf/ . !))= lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{ tyf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] M -!_ sDkgLn] lan÷ ljhssf] e'QmfgL vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] clwgdf /xL ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ sfo{ ;~rfngsf] nflu lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos jf cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ k]ZsL /sd e'QmfgL lb+bf k]ZsL /sd vfDg] u/L jfl0fHo a}Íaf6
  • 94.
    85 hf/L ePsf] a}Íhdfgt lnO{ d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]ssf] :jLs[t ;Demf}tf /sdsf] aL; k|ltzt /sd;Dd ;Demf}tf eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{df dfq vr{ x'g] u/L e'QmfgL lbg ;lsg]5 . o;/L k]ZsL e'QmgL ul/g] s'/f ;Demf}tfsf] zt{df pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ cg'?k lnOg] a}Í hdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf] k]ZsL km5{of}6 ug'{ kg]{ cjlweGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfdsf] e'QmfgL ubf{ b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw k"/f ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ lan÷ljhssf] e'QmfgL lng cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhd cfjZos kg]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] ;DkGg u/]sf] sfdsf] /Lt k"j{ssf] lan k]z u/]kl5 lghn] u/]sf] sfdsf] u'0f:t/ tyf kl/df0f 7Ls eP gePsf] ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] hfFr ug{'kg{] 5 . /Ltk"j{s lan k]z u/]sf]df ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / cGo cj:yfdf cfjZos sfuhftx? k"/f u/L sfof{nodf k]z u/]sf] a9Ldf tL; lbgleq e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ;doleq e'QmfgL x'g g;s]df sf/0f vf]nL Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/LnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg{]5 . Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] e'QmfgL x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f dgfl;a gb]v]df To:tf] sd{rf/L dfly cfjZos ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;Sg]5 . -3_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] cÍsf] kfFr k|ltzt lg/f]lwt hdfgt /sd (Retention Money) s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg{]5 . To;/L s6fOPsf] /sd / af]nkq :jLs[t x'Fbf /x]sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt /sd vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ cg';f/ sfd ;dfKt eO{ clGtd lan e'QmfgL ePsf] ldltn] ;fwf/0ftof tLg dlxgfb]lv Ps jif{;Dddf jf dd{t ;Def/ cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 jf ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ k"/f ePkl5 lkmtf{ lbg' kg{]5 . lg/f]lwt hdfgt /sd (Retention Money) lkmtf{ lbFbf ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nodf s/ ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] sfuhft lnO{ e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . -ª_ ;fdfg, ;]jf, 3/ef8f tyf dd{t vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbFbf ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ adf]lhd ug{' kg{]5 . -r_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ /lgË lan jf s/f/ adf]lhdsf] e'QmfgL jf clGtd lansf] /sd e'QmfgL lbFbf k]ZsL lbPsf] /sd
  • 95.
    86 Pj+ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd cu|Ld cfos/ s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] s6fPsf] cu|Ld cfos/ ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nodf a'emfO{ cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;d]t hgfp lbg' kg{]5 . -%_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b tyf k|flKt ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] e'QmfgL lbFbf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s6fpg' kg]{ s/ s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg{]5 . s/ gs6fO{ e'QmfgL lbPdf To;sf] hjfkmb]lxtf n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . !)!= ljjfb ;dfwfg ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgL / lgdf{0f Joj;foL cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf aLr vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf pTkGg x'g] s'g} ljjfb cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg x'g g;Sg] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ubf{ lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfgsf] cfk"lt{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf ;DaGwL ljjfb vl/b ;Demf}tfdf sfo{ljlw pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL sfo{ljlw adf]lhd / gePsf]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd dWo:ytfsf] dfWodaf6 ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ ;+oGq pNn]v ubf{ bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd d"No ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg kIfx?sf] cfk;L ;xdltdf lgo'Qm lg0f{ostf{ (Adjudicator) åf/f / ;f]eGbf a9L d"No ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg tLg ;b:oLo ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltåf/f ug'{ kg]{ s'/f pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltdf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf / sDkgLn] lgo'Qm u/]sf] Ps Ps hgf ;b:o tyf To:tf b'j} ;b:on] lgo'Qm u/]sf] t];|f] JolQm cWoIf /xg]5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{ostf{sf] lgo'lQm tyf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltsf] u7g ;DaGwdf sDkgL / ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] aLrdf ;xdlt x'g g;s]df jf s'g} kIfn] ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltdf ;b:o lgo'Qm ug{ g;s]df vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s dWo:ytf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd lg0f{ostf{sf] lgo'lQm jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ sDkgLn] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf ljjfb pTkGg ePdf ljjfb k]z ug]{ tl/sf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] tl/sf pNn]v ubf{ sDkgL / lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf aLr cfk;L ?kdf ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf] s'g} ljjfb To:tf] sDkgL jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfdWo] s'g} Psn] ;Demf}tf d"No cg';f/ lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 . To;/L ljjfb k]z ubf{
  • 96.
    87 ;DalGwt kIfn] cfk;L;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf] ljjfbsf] ljifo v'nfO{ lnlvt ?kdf bfjL / To:tf] bfjL k':6ofO{ ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -*_ pkljlgod -&_ adf]lhdsf] bfjL k|fKt ePsf] tLg lbgleq lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ To:tf] bfjL / sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk k7fO{ ;f]sf] ;DaGwdf k|ltls|of dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] bfaLsf ;DaGwdf lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] :ynut lg/LIf0f ;d]t u/L hfFra'em ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L k|fKt k|ltls|of / hfFra'em ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] cfkm" ;dIf ljjfb k]z ePsf] tL; lbgleq ;DalGwt kIfsf] bfjL k'Ug] gk'Ug] sf/0f / cfwf/ ;d]t pNn]v u/L lg0f{o lbg' kg]{5 . -(_ pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{odf lrQ ga'emg] kIfn] To:tf] lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tfdf sfo{ljlw pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / gePsf]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd dWo:ysf] dfWodåf/f To:tf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 97.
    88 kl/R5]b–!) kf/blz{tf tyf cfr/0f;DaGwL Joj:yf !)@= sDkgLsf] vl/b sfo{df ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lsf] cfr/0f M sDkgLsf] vl/b of]hgf th{'df ug{], vl/b sf/jfxL ;~rfng ug{], vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{] jf vl/b ;DaGwL tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cGo sfd ug{] sfo{df ;+nUg s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f kfngf ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf af]nkqbftfsf] :jR5 k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L cfˆgf] st{Jo lgikIf 9Ën] kfngf ug{], -v_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] ;~rfng sDkgLsf] lxt x'g] u/L ug{], -u_ vl/b ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] sfd jf cfr/0f jf Jojxf/af6 :jfy{ aflemg] sfo{ gug{], -3_ vl/b sf/jfxLsf] l;nl;nfdf cfk"mn] yfxf kfPsf] af]nkqbftfsf] ;DklQ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L nufotsf cGo ;a} hfgsf/L uf]Ko /fVg], -ª_ cfk"m kbdf axfn /xFbfsf avt vl/b sf/f]af/ u/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf, sDkgL / o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo s'g} lghL ;+:yfdf cfk"m kbaf6 cjsfz ePsf] b'O{ jif{;Dd sfd gug{], -r_ cfk"m ;+nUg ePsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf cfkmgf glhssf gft]bf/x¿n] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] ¿kdf efu lnPsf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf cfk"m eGbf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/LnfO{ t'?Gt hfgsf/L lbO{ To:tf] vl/b sf/jfxLaf6 cfk"m cnu x'g'kg{], :ki6Ls/0f Mo; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu æglhssf gft]bf/Æ eGgfn] klt, kTgL, xh'/a'af, xh'/cfdf, afa', cfdf, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, gflt, gfltgL, ;f;', ;;'/f, bfh', efO, lbbL, alxgL ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] dfdf, dfO{h', legfh", efGhf, efGhL, ;fnf, ;fnL, h]7fg HjfOFnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 . -5_ vl/b ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxL ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g ljk/Lt x'g] sfd gug{], -h_ e|i6frf/hGo jf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ jf To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g gx'g], -em_ k|lt:kwf{sf] nfeaf6 jl~rt ug]{ u/fpg] p2]Zon] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug{'eGbf cl3 jf kl5 ldnLdtf] ug{ jf u'6aGbLdf ;+nUg x'g gx'g] .
  • 98.
    89 !)#= b/efpkqbftf jfaf]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] cfr/0f M -!_ b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] of] ljlgodfjnL, vl/b ;Demf}tf tyf vl/b ;DaGwL cGo lnvtdf pNn]v eP cg'¿ksf] bfloTj kfngf ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts'n gx'g] u/L b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] vl/b k|lqmofdf jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjogdf k|efj kfg{] dg;fon] b]xfosf sfo{ ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g M– -s_ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf cg'lrt k|nf]eg lbg jf ;f]sf] k|:tfj ug{, -v_ tYo aËofO{ jf e'mSofO{ k]z ug{, -u_ e|i6frf/hGo jf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ jf To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g, -3_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxLdf s'g} lsl;dn] ;+nUg x'g] cGo k|lt:kwL{ b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] ;xeflutfdf x:tIf]k ug{, -ª_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf ;+nUg s'g} JolQmsf] hLp Hofg jf ;DklQ gf]S;fg ug{] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf wDsL lbg] sfo{ jf s/sfkhGo sfo{ ug{, -r_ b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?aLr vl/b ;DaGwL sfd afF8kmfF8 ug{] jf b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] d"No s[lqd jf ck|lt:kwL{ tl/sfn] sfod ug{] jf cGo s'g} tl/sfn] sDkgLnfO{ v'Nnf tyf :jtGq k|lt:kwf{sf] nfeaf6 jl~rt ug{] p2]Zon] b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug{'eGbf cl3 jf kl5 ldnf]dtf] ug{ jf cfk;L ldnf]dtf]df af]nkq ;+zf]wg ug{ jf u'6aGbLdf ;+nUg x'g, -5_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]n]sf] ;dob]lv b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf glbFbf;Ddsf] cjlwdf b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf k|efj kfg{] p2]Zon] sDkgL jf sDkgLsf] s'g} lgsfo;+u ;Dks{ ug{ jf b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] k/LIf0f / d"NofÍgdf s'g} lsl;dn] k|efj kfg{] sfo{ ug{ . -#_ s'g} vl/b sfo{sf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft jf :k]lzlkms]zg tof/ ug{] jf vl/b sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ug{] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] af]nkqbftf jf lgh;+u cfj4 /x]sf] s'g} JolQm jf kmd{ jf ;+:yf jf sDkgL jf To:tf] kmd{ jf ;+:yf jf sDkgLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] vl/bsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . t/, 6g{–sL vl/b ;Demf}tf jf l8hfOg tyf lgdf{0f b'j} sfo{ ug{] u/L ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
  • 99.
    90 !)$= sfnf] ;"rLdf/fVg n]lv k7fpg] M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b/efpkqbftf, af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ lghsf] sfo{sf] ufDeLo{tfsf] cfwf/df sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg ;ldltn] vl/b P]g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nodf n]lv k7fpg]5 M– -s_ ljlgod !)# adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf, -v_ :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf ljlgod *( adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf, -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;f/e"t q'6L u/]sf] jf ;Demf}tf cg'¿ksf] bfloTj ;f/e"t ¿kdf kfngf gu/]sf] jf vl/b ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;f] ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] u'0f:t/sf] gePsf] s'/f kl5 k|dfl0ft ePdf, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf efu lng cof]Uo 7xl/g] s'g} kmf}hbf/L s;"/df cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7xl/Pdf, -ª_ of]Uotf 9fF6L jf e'mSofgdf kf/L vl/b ;Demf}tf u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf, jf -r_ ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] cGo cj:yfdf . -@_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] sfnf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] b/efpkqbftf, af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] sfnf] ;"rLdf /flvPsf] cjlw;Dd sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/; u/]sf] t/ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg] lg0f{o e}g;s]sf] b/efpkqbftf, af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] o; sDkgLsf] s'g} klg vl/b sfo{df efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . -$_ o; ljlgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] C0f glt/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfon] sfnf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] To:tf] ;"rLdf sfod /x]sf] cjlw e/ sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -@_, -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lng g;Sg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] sDkgLsf] vl/b sf/jfxLdf efu lnPsf] kfOPdf lghsf] b/efpkq, af]nkq jf k|:tfj pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . -^_ sfnf] ;"rLdf /x]sf af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] sfnf] ;"rLaf6 km's'jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
  • 100.
    91 !)%= ;~rf/sf ljlwM -!_ sDkgLn] af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ jf af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfn] sDkgLnfO{ lbg' kg{] egL of] ljlgodfjnL, af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhft jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt s'g} lnvt, ;"rgf, lg0f{o jf cGo hfgsf/L o; ljlgoddfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s lnlvt ¿kdf lbg' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k7fpFbf To:tf] ;"rgf kfpg] af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfsf] 7]ufgf kQf gnfuL jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] To:tf] ;"rgf a'emfpg g;lsPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] ljifosf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f pNn]v u/L /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf sDkgLn] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{' kg{]5 / o;/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf]df To:tf] JolQmn] /Ltk"j{s ;"rgf kfPsf] dflgg]5 . !)^= ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 vl/b sf/f]af/ x'g ;Sg] M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sDkgLn] ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{, af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf hf/L ug{, cfzokq dfu u/L ;+lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug{, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{, af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg, af]nkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ug{, vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{, e'QmfgL lbg / cGo ;"rgf lbg jf lng ;Sg] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWod k|of]u ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd k|of]u ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ To:tf ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;~rf/sf] ljifo j:t'sf] clen]v sfg"gL ?kdf dfGo / ;+/lIft x'g] u/L, -v_ To:tf] ;~rf/ dfWodsf] ;'/Iff kof{Kt ?kdf x'g] u/L, -u_ vl/b sf/jfxLdf af]nkqbftfsf] kx'Fr cg'lrt ?kn] lgolGqt gx'g] u/L, / -3_ o; ljlgodfjnL ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L . !)&= vl/b sf/jfxLsf] clen]v /fVg' kg{] M -!_ sDkgLn] x/]s vl/b sf/jfxLsf] lglDt 5'§} kmfOn v8f u/L /fVg' kg{]5 . -@_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] kmfOndf cGo sfuhftsf cltl/Qm b]xfosf sfuhftx¿ /fVg' kg{]5 M– -s_ ;Demf}tf kmfOnsf] kl~hsf, -v_ b/efpkq, af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] nflu ul/Psf] cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf, -u_ b/efpkq, af]nkq, k"j{of]Uotf jf k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhftx?,
  • 101.
    92 -3_ b/efpkq, af]nkq,k"j{of]Uotf jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft ;DaGwdf b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] :ki6Ls/0fsf] nflu u/]sf] cg'/f]w / ;f] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] ;a} ;xefuL b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ k7fPsf] hjfkm, -ª_ af]nkq k]z ug{' k"j{sf] a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 / sDkgLn] ;f] dfO{Go'6sf] k|ltlnlk ;a} ;xefuL af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx?nfO{ k7fPsf] k|df0f, -r_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]Nbfsf] dfO{Go'6, -5_ b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] d"n k|lt, -h_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b/efpkq jf af]nkq jf k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] l;nl;nfdf b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;f]w]sf] k|Zg / ;DalGwt b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfaf6 sDkgLnfO{ k7fPsf] hjfkm, -em_ k"j{of]Uo ePsf af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf] k|ltj]bg, -`_ k"j{of]Uo af]nkqbftfsf] ;"rL, -6_ jftf{ ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] dfO{Go'6, -7_ ;kmn b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftfnfO{ k7fOPsf] :jLs[ltsf] k|f/lDes ;"rgfsf] k|ltlnlk, -8_ c;kmn b/efpkqbftf jf af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ k7fOPsf] ;"rgfsf] k|ltlnlk, -9_ vl/b ;DaGwdf k|sflzt ;a} ;"rgfx?, -0f_ sDkgL / k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lbPsf] lgj]bg / ;f]sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt sDkgLn] k]z u/]sf] /fo k|ltlqmof, hfgsf/L tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{o, -t_ vl/b ;Demf}tf, -y_ k|ult k|ltj]bg, lan÷ljhs / lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg h:tf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjg;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhft, -b_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] eP ;f] ;DaGwL sfuhft, -w_ dfn;fdfg k|flKt, lg/LIf0f / :jLs[lt nufotsf sfuhft, -g_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;+u ePsf ;Dk"0f{ kqfrf/, -k_ ;a–sG6«fS6/sf] cg'/f]w / ;f] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] lbPsf] hjfkm, -km_ d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg / ;f] ;+u ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftx?, / -a_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ ePsf] sf/jfxL;+u ;DalGwt sfuhft . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] clen]v vl/b sf/jfxL 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] sDtLdf ;ft jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg{]5 .
  • 102.
    93 kl/R5]b–!! vl/b sf/jfxL jflg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)*= vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg M -!_ sDkgLn] vl/b sf/jfxL jf lg0f{o ubf{ s'g} q'6L u/]sf] jf kfngf ug{'kg{] st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf]n] cfk"mnfO{ Iflt k'Ug] jf k'Ug ;Sg] sf/0f v'nfO{ s'g} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] To:tf] q'6L jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu k|aGw lgb{]zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . ;f] lgj]bgdf sDkgLn] s'g sfd u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] q'6L x'g uPsf] xf] jf st{Jokfngf gePsf] xf] / To:tf] lg0f{o of] ljlgodfjnL ljk/Lt 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lbg] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg vl/b ;Demf}tf x'g'eGbf cl3sf] sf/jfxLsf ;DaGwdf ;Lldt x'g]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbFbf To:tf] lgj]bg k]z ug{sf nflu s'g} cjlw tf]lsPsf] eP To:tf] cjlwleq / To;/L cjlw gtf]lsPsf]df sDkgLn] vl/b sf/jfxL ;DaGwL q'6L u/]sf] jf st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf] s'/f af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lgj]bg lbg' kg{]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . -%_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf 5fglag ubf{ vl/b sf/jfxLdf s'g} q'6L b]lvP, sDkgLn] kfngf ug{'kg{] st{Jo kfngf u/]sf] gb]lvP jf To:tf] lg0f{o sfg"g ljk/Lt b]lvPdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] vl/b sf/afxL lgnDag u/L ;f] lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq sf/0f v'nfO{ cfkm}+n] lnlvt lg0f{o ug{' kg{]5 / ;f] lg0f{odf vl/b sf/jfxL s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] s'/f ;d]t pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg{]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] lgj]bg dfly 5fglag ubf{ s'g} q'6L gb]lvPdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sf/0f v'nfO{ lg0f{o u/L lgj]bsnfO{ ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;f] lg0f{odf vl/b sf/jfxL s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] s'/f ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 . !)(= vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug'{ kg{] M -!_ ljlgod !)* cg';f/ ePsf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'emL vl/b P]g adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu vl/b P]gsf] bkmf $* adf]lhd ul7t k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg k/]df ;f] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o geP;Dd sDkgLn] vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgdo -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf ug{'kg{] 5}g M–
  • 103.
    94 -s_ vl/b sf/jfxLdflglxt dxTjk"0f{ ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] sf/0faf6 vl/b sf/jfxL hf/L /fVg h?/L ePsf] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/L sDkgLn] k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L lbPdf, jf -v_ vl/b P]gsf] bkmf %) sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o x'g g;s]df, jf -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf eO{ ;s]sf]df . -#_ sDkgLn] pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ adf]lhd vl/b sf/jfxL /f]Ssf gu/]df ;f]sf] hfgsf/L k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 .
  • 104.
    95 kl/R5]b–!@ vl/b ;DaGwL clwsf/ !!)=nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ ljlgod @), @! / @# adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf] clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v eP eGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . -@_ ljlgod @@ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v eP eGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !!!= crn ;DklQ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod @* cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu crn ;DklQ vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf] clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ bzf}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -u_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ k|aGw lgb]{zsn], t/, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx?af6 crn ;DklQ vl/b ug'{kbf{ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] crn ;DklQ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 . -3_ v08 -u_ df pNn]v eP eGbf a9L /sdsf] crn ;DklQ ;ldltn] . !!@= dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod @( cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg k|aGw lgb]{zsn]], -u_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] dfn;fdfg ;ldltn] . !!#= 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] M ljlgod #) cg'?k 9'jfgL, lSnol/Ë tyf kmjf{l8{Ë ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] u/fpg ;Sg]5 M–
  • 105.
    96 -s_ tLg nfv?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ bzf}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -u_ krf; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf hlt;'s} a9L /sdsf] sfo{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] . !!$= lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ u/fpg] M ljlgod #! cg'?k lgdf{0f, h8fg, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] u/fpg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ ;f7L s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] sfo{ ;ldltn] . !!%= cGo ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod #@ cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu cGo ;]jf :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;]jf k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] ;]jf ;ldltn] . !!^= k|fljlws ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod ## cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu k|fljlws ;]jf ln+bf :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ jflif{s Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -v_ v08 -s_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !!&= 3/, uf]bfd, hUuf tyf pks/0f ef8fdf lng ;Sg] M ljlgod #$ cg'?k sDkgLsf nflu 3/, uf]bfd, hUuf tyf pks/0f :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] ef8fdf lng ;Sg]5 M– -s_ jflif{s kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ jflif{s aL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !!*= ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod #% cg'?k ;f]em} vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ kGw| s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] .
  • 106.
    97 !!(= cdfgtaf6 sfo{u/fpg] M ljlgod #& cg'?k cdfgtaf6 :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] sfo{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ bz nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] sfo{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] . !@)= k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod #( cg'?k k/fdz{ ;]jf :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M– -s_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]v ePeGbf a9L /sdsf] xsdf ;ldltn] . !@!= ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ tyf ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{ M sDkgLsf] lgldQ ul/g] vl/b tyf k|fKtL ;Demf}tfdf sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 x:tfIf/ ug]{ tyf To:tf ;Demf}tfx?df ljlgod (@ adf]lhd ;+zf]wg ug]{ clwsf/ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vl/b sfo{ :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 . !@@= e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg] M ljlgod (# adf]lhd b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL e]l/P;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5g M– -s_ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] bz k|ltzt;Dd bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn], -v_ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzt;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zsn], -u_ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] xsdf sDkgLsf] of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefu / cy{ ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? tyf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] ;DalGwt gfoa k|aGw lgb{]zs ;lDdlnt /x]sf] sldl6n] k|aGw lgb]{zs dfkm{t u/]sf] l;kmfl/;df ;ldltn] . !@#= Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ ljlgod (% adf]lhd Dofb yk ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clwsf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhd Dofb yk u/L lbg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ sfdsf] nfut ga9g] u/L sfd ;DkGg ug{ tf]lsPsf] cjlwsf] cfwf cjlw;Dd yk ug{'kg]{ eP bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn] . -v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvteGbf a9Lsf] xsdf sfdsf] nfut ga9g] u/L sfd ;DkGg ug{ tf]lsPsf] cjlw a/fa/sf] cjlw;Dd yk ug{'kg{] eP k|aGw lgb]{zsn] .
  • 107.
    98 -u_ v08 -s_/ -v_ df plNnlvt cj:yf afx]ssf] cj:yfdf / afx| dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlw yk ug{'kg{] eP ;ldltn] . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd Dofb yk ubf{ ;DalGwt cfof]hgf, k|zf;g / cy{ ljefusf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿ ;d]taf6 5fglag ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 . !@$= clwsf/ k|of]u, k|Tofof]hg tyf pQ/bfloTj M -!_ o; kl/R5]bdf plNnlvt æbzf}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vÆ eGgfn] ;f] txdf /xL sDkgLsf] If]qLo lgb]{zgfnodf If]qLo lgb]{zssf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ dfq a'emfpg]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf ePsf clwsf/x? ;ldltn] k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ / k|aGw lgb]{zs tyf bzf}+ jf P3f/f}+ txsf] sfof{no k|d'vn] cfk'm d'lgsf clws[tx?nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/, o; ljlgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePsf nfut cg'dfg ;+zf]wg ug]{, k"j{ of]Uotfsf cfwf/x? tf]Sg], ljlgod #% adf]lhd ;f]em} vl/b ug]{, ljlgod #^ adf]lhd ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk ug]{ tyf e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug]{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf k|aGw lgb{]zs cfkm}+n] ug{] egL tf]lsPsf] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -$_ clwsf/ k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/Ln] clwsf/ k|of]u u/]sf] xb;Dd lghsf] pQ/bfloTj /xg]5 . pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd k|Tofof]hg ePsf] clwsf/ ;DaGwdf To;/L clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] pQ/bfloTj /lx/xg]5 . -%_ k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ cGt{ut u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] hfgsf/L lgoldt ?kdf To:tf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{] clwsf/Ln] ;f] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{] clwsf/LnfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 / clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ clwsf/Ln] cfkm"n] k|Tofof]hg u/]sf] clwsf/ adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfdsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Laf6 ;do ;dodf cfjZos hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
  • 108.
    99 kl/R5]b–!# vl/b ;DaGwL cGoJoj:yf !@%= cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLx?;+u ;xsfo{ u/L cfkmgf] u|fxs cfwf/sf] pkof]u dfkm{t cfosf yk If]qx? klxrfg u/L cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf (Revenue Sharing Model) ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd sfo{ ug{ u/fpg ljz]if u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf k|fjwfgx? ;dfj]z u/L af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLn] cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;]jf If]q tyf u|fxs cfwf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;]jf If]qsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f, -u_ ;xsfo{ ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] of]Uotf, cg'ej, k|fljlws tyf cfly{s ;antf cflb, -3_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ cjlw / ;xsfo{ ug]{ cjlw, -ª_ sDkgLn] cfkmgf] rln/x]sf] pks/0f, k|ljlw, k|0ffnL, u|fxs cfwf/ pkof]u ug{ lbg] k|lj|mof / zt{x?, -r_ sDkgLn] o; ?kdf sfo{ u/fpFbf yk nufgL gug]{ ;DaGwL :ki6 Joj:yf, -5_ sDkgLn] rfx]sf] Go"gtd cfo tyf cfo c+z, -h_ ;xsfo{af6 ;[lht cfo klxrfg tyf dfkg ug]{ k|lj|mof, -em_ ;xsfo{af6 ;[lht cfo;+u ;DalGwt tYofÍ ldnfg (Data Reconciliation) ;DaGwL tl/sf, k|lj|mof tyf ;do cjlw, -`_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] cfwf/ tyf tl/sf, -6_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ;dofGt/, -7_ e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf, -8_ sDkgLsf] ;fljssf] cfo >f]t, u|fxs cfwf/ tyf cfodf gsf/fTds k|efj kg{ gx'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -9_ sDkgLsf] pks/0f, k|ljlw tyf k|0ffnLdf gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ gx'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -0f_ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL, -t_ af]nkq, sfo{;Dkfbg jf cGo cfjZos s'/fsf] nflu hdfgt cfjZos ePdf hdfgtsf] /sd, lsl;d, dfGo 9fFrf / dfGo cjlw, -y_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -b_ af]nkq k]z ug'{ cl3 s'g} a}7s ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L,
  • 109.
    100 -w_ af]nkq tof/ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg, af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do / :yfg tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -g_ af]nkq d"NofÍg / af]nkqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf, -k_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw, -km_ :jfy{ aflemg] ePdf af]nkq pk/ sf/jfxL gx'g] jf hfn;fhL jf e|i6frf/ u/]df x'g] sfg"gL sf/jfxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -a_ sDkgLn] af]nkq ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'6L jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu af]nkqbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -e_ af]nkqbftfn] ug'{kg]{ e}kl/ cfpg] sfd, -d_ af]nkqbftfn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cfjZos tflnd / ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f, -o_ kfngf ug'{kg]{ d'Vo d'Vo zt{x? / ljz]if zt{x?, -/_ ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL eO{ sDkgLnfO{ cfosf] c+z a9L lbg sa'n ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq dfq :jLs[t ul/g] s'/f, -n_ ;Demf}tfsf zt{x?, ;f] ;Demf}tf nfu" x'g] tl/sf / ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -j_ ;Demf}tf /2 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf, -z_ aLdf cfjZos ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -if_ lgwf{l/t cjlwdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ tyf cGo Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -;_ ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] ;+oGq, -x_ nfu" x'g] sfg"g, -If_ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ PseGbf a9L OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg ;lsg] eP To;/L sfo{ u/fpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, / -q_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ljlgod ^$ sf] pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] :jLs[t u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -%_ o; ljlgod cGtu{t af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs kqklqsfdf tyf sDkgLsf] j]a ;fO{6df sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ cfo afF8kmfF8sf] ?kdf sfo{ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;]jf ;DaGwL ;+lIfKt ljj/0f -v_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ / kfO{g] sfof{nosf] gfd / 7]ufgf,
  • 110.
    101 -u_ af]nkq k7fpg]tl/sf, af]nkq jfkt nfUg] b:t'/, af]nkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -3_ af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg, -ª_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? -^_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:yf af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]lvt k|fjwgx? tyf o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b– * adf]lhd x'g]5 . -&_ d"NofÍgaf6 b]lvg cfPsf] ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL / sDkgLnfO{ cfosf] c+z a9L lbg] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug'{kg]{5 . af]nkq :jLs[lt / ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx? tyf cfslif{t x'g];Dd cfjZos x]/km]/ ;lxt o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–( adf]lhd x'g]5 . -*_ pkljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -If_ sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd sfo{ u/fpFbf sDkgLn] cfXjfg u/]sf] ;"rgf adf]lhd af]nkq lbO{ ;f/e"t?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqbftf ePsf] x'g'kg]{ / sDkgLnfO{ cfosf] c+z a9L lbg] af]nkqbftfsf] saf]n /sd a/fa/ cfo c+z lbg d~h'/ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . -(_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd sfo{ ug]{ u/fpg] ;DaGwdf o; ljlgodfjnLsf cGo k|fjwfgx? cfslif{t x'g];Dd cfjZos x]/km]/ ;lxt nfu" x'g]5g . !@^= cGo Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g}klg vl/b ubf{ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ug'{kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ sf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L ul/Psf] vl/b ab/ tyf cdfGo x'g]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf :ki6 pNn]v gePsf] ljifodf sDkgLsf] lxtsf] nflu vl/b P]gsf] clwgdf /xL ljz]if Joj:yf u/L sfo{ u/fpg] clwsf/ ;ldltnfO{ x'g]5 . -$_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf gk/]sf vl/b ;DaGwL cGo s'g} cfly{s ;DaGwL Joj:yf vl/b P]gsf] clwgdf /xL ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ug{' kg{]5 . -%_ vl/b jf k|flKt ;DaGwL s'g} sfo{ ubf{ jf u/fpFbf o; ljlgodfjnLdf s'g} c:ki6tf ePdf jf afwf c8rg pTkGg ePdf vl/b P]g adf]lhd ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg vl/b P]gdf pNn]v ePsf] s'/fdf ;f]xL P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
  • 111.
  • 112.
    103 kl/R5]b–! of]hgf th'{df, jflif{ssfo{qmd / ah]6 !@&= of]hgf, jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] b"/;~rf/ k|ljlwdf ePsf] ljsf;, ;/sf/L gLlt lgoddf ePsf] kl/jt{g tyf ahf/sf] k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;d]t dWogh/ u/L cfufdL kfFr jif{df sDkgLnfO{ s'g ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg] xf] ;f] sf] ljrf/ u/L /0fgLlts of]hgf (Strategic Plan) th'{df ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /0fgLlts of]hgfnfO{ cfjlws ?kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clwgdf /xL cNksfnLg of]hgf tyf jflif{s sfo{qmd tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf tLg dlxgf cufj} sfof{nox?n] cf–cfkmgf] jflif{s sfo{qmd / cg'dflgt cfo Joosf] ah]6 ljj/0f tof/ u/L s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ sfof{nox?af6 k]z ePsf] sfo{qmd tyf ah]6nfO{ k'g/fjnf]sg tyf cfjZos kl/dfh{g u/L k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLsf] jflif{s sfo{qmd / cg'dflgt cfo Joosf] ah]6 cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf cufj} :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -^_ ;ldltdf k]z ePsf] cfo Joo ah]6 ljrf/flwg /x]sf] cj:yfdf sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng tyf clt cfjZos sfdsf] nflu cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s'n vr{sf] kRrL; k|ltztdf ga9g] u/L ;ldltn] k]ZsL ah]6 :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 . !@*= jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 ;~rfng M -!_ ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ah]6 o; ljlgodfjnLsf] kl/lwleq /xL ;~rfng ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ x'g]5 . k|aGw lgb]{zsn] of] clwsf/ cfkm" d'lgsf clws[tx?nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ :jLs[t ah]6af6 lgwf{l/t :jLs[t sfo{qmd rnfpg gk"u x'g cfPdf ;f] sf] sf/0f ;lxt ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t eP adf]lhd yk ah]6sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{s|dleq gk/]sf sfo{s|dx? ;~rfng ug'{ cfjZos b]lvPdf jf :jLs[t sfo{s|d ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df To:tf sfo{s|dx? tyf ltgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ah]6 ;d]t ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ dfq sfo{s|d ;~rfng ug'{kg]{5 . !@(= ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ M -!_ :jLs[t ah]6sf] ljleGg zLif{sx?dWo] Ps zLif{saf6 csf]{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ubf{ h'g zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ul/g] xf] ;f]xL zLif{ssf]
  • 113.
    104 :jLs[t ah]6sf] @%k|ltzt;Dd k|aGw lgb]{zs cfkm}+n] / ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] /sdfGt/ ug'{ k/]df ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /sdfGt/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ sd{rf/L vr{sf lzif{sx?df ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd sd{rf/L vr{sf lzif{sx?df afx]s cGo lzif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ k"FhLut vr{ (Capital Expenditure) sf] nflu ljlgof]lht /sdaf6 cfout vr{ (Revenue Expenditure) df jf cfout vr{sf] nflu ljlgof]lht /sdaf6 k"FhLut vr{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug'{ k/]df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . !#)= jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|d k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLsf] jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|d sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf q}dfl;s ?kdf ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] jflif{s cfo–Joo ah]6 tyf sfo{s|dnfO{ cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cw{ jflif{s cjlwsf] ;dfKtL kl5 k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ cw{ jflif{s cjlwsf] ef}lts tyf ljQLo k|ult, k|:tfljt sfo{s|dx?sf] ;~rfng tyf ;f]sf] cj:yf, ;]jf ljt/0f tyf cfo cfh{gsf] cj:yf, gub k|jfxsf] cj:yf, sfo{s|d ;~rfng tyf ;]jf ljt/0fsf s|ddf cfPsf ;d:ofx? / ltgnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ul/Psf jf ug'{kg]{ k|of;x? nufotsf ljifox?df ;ldIff ug'{kg]{5 . !#!= sDkgLsf] k|fljlws / Jofj;flos Ifdtf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLdf k|of]u e}/x]sf] k|ljlwsf] cj:yf, k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf sDkgLsf] k|fljlws, Jofj;flos / k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf k'g/fjnf]sg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ug{sf] nflu k|aGw lgb]{zssf] ;+of]hsTjdf sDkgLsf of]hgf ljefu, ljsf; ljefu, dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefu, Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefu / cy{ ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? /x]sf] Ps :yfoL ;+oGq /xg]5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;+oGqn] ljZjdf ljsf; ePsf] gljgtd k|ljlw tyf ljsf; x'g ;Sg] k|ljlw, sDkgLn] cjnDag u/]sf] k|ljlwsf] cj:yf, sDkgLsf] k|fljlws / Jofj;flos Ifdtf, sDkgLsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf tyf /0fgLltsf] ;DaGwdf jflif{s ?kdf cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf cufj} k'g/fjnf]sg tyf d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] k'g/fjnf]sg tyf d"NofÍgdf ;+oGqsf] /fo tyf sfo{ of]hgf ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . pQm k|ltj]bg pk/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lgb]{zg ;d]tsf] cfwf/df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cfjZos sfo{ ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 114.
    105 kl/R5]b–@ cfDbfgL tyf vr{;DaGwL sfo{ljlw !#@= cfDbfgL tyf w/f}6L /sd a}Í bflvnf ug'{kg]{ M -!_ sDkgLsf] s'g} klg cfDbfgL /sd sDkgLsf] /fhZj vftfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] u|fxsaf6 k|fKt ePsf] w/f}6L /sd a}Í bflvnf u/L tyf ljljw k|of]hgsf] nflu cGoaf6 k|fKt ePsf] w/f}6L /sd w/f}6L vftfdf a}Í bflvnf u/L To;sf] :ki6 ljj/0f v'Ng] u/L lx;fa /fVg' kg]{5 . -#_ s'g} klg ;]jf pknAw u/fP jfkt jf las|L jfkt jf cGo ;|f]taf6 sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgL jf w/f}6L /sd ;f]xL lbgdf g]kfn /fi6« a}Í jf g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 Ohfht k|fKt jfl0fHo a}Íx? jf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf cGo a}Íx?df sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] ;DalGwt vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . s'g} sf/0fj; ;f]xL lbg /sd bflvnf ug{ g;lsPdf To;sf] ef]lnkN6 clgjfo{ ?kdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . sDkgLsf] sfof{no ;~rfngdf /x]sf] lbg a}Ísf] ljbf k/]df ljbf kl5 a}Í v'n]sf] lbg /sd bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . !##= vftf ;~rfng M -!_ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tyf cGo sfof{nox?sf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd sDkgLsf] gfddf g]kfn /fi6« a}Í jf g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 Ohfht k|fKt jfl0fHo a}Íx? jf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf cGo a}Íx?df /flvg]5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo /fhZj vftfsf] ;~rfng k|aGw lgb]{zs / gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ sf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . sDkgLsf] cGo /fhZj vftfx?sf] ;~rfng gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ / lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . -#_ sDkgLsf] cGo sfo{ ;~rfng :t/sf vftfx? tyf w/f}6L vftfx?sf] ;~rfng sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'v jf sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] clws[tx?sf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . -$_ sDkgLsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no afx]s cGo sfof{nosf] /fhZj vftfdf hDdf ePsf] cfo /sd Go"gtd df}Hbft /fvL afFsL /sd ;fwf/0ftof k|To]s dlxgf s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] /fhZj vftfdf :yfgfGt/ (Transfer) u/L hDdf ul/g]5 . !#$= sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfx?sf] dxz'n b/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfsf] dxz'n b/ tyf las|L ljt/0f ug]{ b"/;~rf/ pks/0fx?sf] las|L d"No lgwf{/0f Pj+ kl/dfh{g ubf{ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/ b/ Pj+ ahf/ k|lt:kwf{sf] cj:yf ;d]t ljrf/ u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf s'/fx?sf] ljZn]if0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ tyf kx'Fr, -v_ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu sDkgLn] u/]sf] k"FhLut nufgL, -u_ ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu sDkgLn] ug'{kg]{ cfout vr{x?,
  • 115.
    106 -3_ nufgLsf] k|ltkmntyf k|ltkmn k|fKt x'g] cg'dflgt ;dofjlw, -ª_ ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ pks/0fsf] cfo', -r_ pkef]Qmsf] dfu tyf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf, -5_ ;]jf ;~rfng tyf dxz'n ;DaGwdf lgofds lgsfosf] gLlt, lgod, lgb]{zg tyf k|fjwfgx?, -h_ k|rlnt sfg"gL / s/ ;DaGwL Joj:yfx?, / -em_ sDkgLn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/fx? . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sDkgLsf] ;DalGwt ljifosf] 1fg ePsf] k|fljlws, n]vf / Jofkf/ tkm{sf] sd{rf/Lx? ;lDdlnt sldl6 u7g u/L sfo{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sldl6af6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ dxz'n b/ tyf las|L d"No lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . !#%= cGt/cfj4tf tyf 6«flkms cfo ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?;+u cGt/cfj4tf u/L ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns -cfudg tyf alxu{dg_ lgwf{/0f ubf{ ljlgod !#$ sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf s'/fx?sf] ljZn]if0fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] ;d]t ljZn]if0f ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/, cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL k|rng tyf k|rlnt z'Nssf] cj:yf, -v_ cGt/cfj4tfaf6 k|fKt x'g] jf k|of]u x'g] sn 6«flkmssf] kl/df0f, -u_ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?;+usf] ;DaGw, -3_ kfngf ug'{kg]{ ;Demf}tfsf zt{x?, -ª_ z'Ns k|fKt x'g] jf e'QmfgL ul/g] ;dofjlw, -r_ ljQLo km/kmf/s ug]{ tl/sf tyf d'b|f, -5_ u'0f:t/Lo ?kdf sn alxu{dg ug{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ kof{Kt Route Capacity, Caller Line Identification (CLI) Delivery nufotsf cGo k|fljlws kIfx? ;Gtf]ifhgs /x] g/x]sf], -h_ sn alxu{dg ubf{ ;Dej eP;Dd sDkgLnfO{ sd cfly{s ef/ kg]{, / -em_ cfjZos cGo s'/fx? . -#_ sDkgLsf] Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefun] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ljZn]if0f u/L cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns -cfudg jf alxu{dg_ k|:tfj ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm k|:tfljt z'NsnfO{ Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefu, cy{ ljefu / dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsx? /xg] ;ldltn] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns -cfudg jf alxu{dg_ lgwf{/0f tyf :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 . k|aGw
  • 116.
    107 lgb]{zssf] :jLs[lt adf]lhdJofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cGt/cfj4tf ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ sn alxu{dg u/]sf] ?6df ;d:of cfPdf jf z+sf:kb tyf hfn;fhLhGo ultljlw b]lvPdf jf cTofjZos eO{ t'?Gt} ?6 kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ ePdf k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ ;f] sf] hfgsf/L u/fO{ Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg ljefusf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zsn] ?6 kl/jt{g ug{ jf ug{ nufpg ;Sg]5 . -^_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf, To;;+u ;DalGwt cGt/cfj4tf tyf 6«flkms cfDbfgL / vr{sf] ljj/0f q}dfl;s ?kdf ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -&_ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhd k]z x'g cfPsf] ljj/0f ;DaGwdf ;ldltn] cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f] lgb]{zgnfO{ kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt clwsf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . !#^= /fhZj sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ ;]jfx?sf] cfo (Revenue) sf] >f]t klxrfg, kl/rfng / lgoGq0f k|0ffnL ;DaGwdf b]xfosf ljifox? ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ;ldltn] sfo{ljlw tof/ u/L nfu" ug]{5 M– -s_ sDkgLn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;a} ;]jfx?sf] lalnË, -v_ u|fxsx?af6 k|fKt x'g'kg]{ cf;fdL /sd c;'nL, -u_ sDkgLn] c;'n pk/ u/L k|fKt ug]{ gub df}Hbftsf] n]vfÍg, lgoldt a}Í bflvnf, -3_ sDkgLsf] ;]jf laqmL, /sd ;+sng h:tf sfo{x? kf/bzL{ Pj+ ;/lns/0f ug]{ ljlw tyf k|ls|of, -ª_ sDkgLåf/f k|bfg ul/g] ljleGg b"/;~rf/ ;]jfx?sf] dxz'n b/ ;dofg's'n Pj+ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg] ljlw tyf k|ls|of, -r_ cGo ;]jf k|bfosx?;Fu x'g] cfo afF8kmfF8 ;DaGwL cGt/cfj4tf gLlt, -5_ Value Added Services sf] Cost Benefit Analysis , -h_ cfo tyf cf;fdL Joj:yfkg, cfo r'xfj6 lgoGq0f tyf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL, -em_ cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f (Revenue Assurance Audit) , / -`_ cfo n]vfsf] cBfjlws clen]v tyf k|ltj]bg ;DaGwL ljlw tyf k||lj|mof . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /fhZj sfo{ljlwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;do ;fk]If ;+zf]wg tyf kl/dfh{g ul/g]5 . !#&= nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLsf] ;|f]t ;fwgx?sf] clwstd kl/rfng ug{ tyf nufgL ljljlws/0f u/L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ub}{ cfo cfh{g ug{sf] nflu ;ldltn] k"FhLut nufgL tyf ljQLo nufgL ;DaGwL gLlt tof/ u/L u/fO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
  • 117.
    108 -@_ k"FhLut nufgLtyf ljQLo nufgL ;DaGwL gLltnfO{ ;do ;dodf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{5 . !#*= vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sDkgLn] s'g} klg vr{ ubf{ jf bfloTj e'QmfgL ubf{ jflif{s :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ k"FhLut vr{ ubf{ jflif{s sfo{s|d ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ jflif{s sfo{s|dleq gk/]sf vr{ ug'{ cfjZos ePdf ;f]sf] k'i6ofO{+ ;lxt ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ sDkgLsf] gubL tyf lhG;L dfn;fdfg s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f jf bfg bftJo ubf{ jf cfly{s ;xfotf lbFbf ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . t/, jflif{s :jLs[t ah]6leq k/]sf cfly{s ;xfotf /sd k|aGw lgb]{zssf] :jLs[ltdf lbg ;lsg]5 . !#(= ;fgf] gubL sf]if M ;fwf/0ftof ;fgf]–ltgf] b}lgs vr{ ;~rfngsf] lgldQ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF, lgb]{zgfno tyf ljefu :t/sf sfof{nox?df klRr; xhf/ ?k}ofF / n]vf sfof{nox?df bz xhf/ ?k}ofFdf ga9fO{ ;f]wegf{sf] cfwf/df ;fgf] gubL sf]if /fVg ;lsg]5 . !$)= k]ZsL lbg] tyf km5{of}6 ug]{ M -!_ nfUg] nfuteGbf a9L gx'g] u/L b]xfosf] cj:yfdf sd{rf/LnfO{ k]ZsL lbg ;lsg]5 M– -s_ cfjZos dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{, -v_ ;?jf ePsf] :yfgdf k7fpg, -u_ sfh jf e|d0f jf tflnddf k7fpg, / -3_ sfof{no ;DaGwL sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ . -@_ Ps k6s lnPsf] k]ZsL km5of{}6 gx'Fb} ljz]if cj:yf gk/L csf]{ k]ZsL lbg' x'Fb}g . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k]ZsL b]xfo adf]lhd km5of{}6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{sf] nflu lnPsf] k]ZsLsf] kmfF6jf/L dfn;fdfg vl/b u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L kmf+6jf/L bflvnf ePsf] ;ft lbgleq dfn;fdfg e08f/ bflvnf u/fO{ o; ljlgod adf]lhd k]ZsL km5of{}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . -v_ ;?jf e} jf e|d0f jf sfhdf hfg] sd{rf/Ln] lnPsf] k]ZsL ;?jf e} uPsf] sfof{nodf jf e|d0f jf sfhaf6 lkmtf{ eO{ xflh/ ePsf] kGw| lbgleq b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQfsf] kmfF6jf/L ;DalGwt
  • 118.
    109 sfof{nodf k]z ug'{kg]{5 / kmfF6jf/L k]z ePsf] ;ft lbgleq pQm sfof{non] lgodfg';f/ k]ZsL km5of{}6 u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -u_ s'g} k|of]hgsf] nflu lnPsf] k]ZsL ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ gx'g] ePdf k]ZsL lnPsf] ;ft lbg leq lkmtf{ a'emfO{ k]ZsL km5of{}6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -3_ tflnd, ;]ldgf/ tyf uf]i7Ldf ;xefuL x'g lnPsf] k]ZsL ;f] tflnd, ;]ldgf/ tyf uf]i7L ;DkGg e} sfof{nodf xflh/ ePsf] kGw lbgleq kmfF6jf/L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / kmfF6jf/L k]z ePsf] ;ft lbgleq pQm sfof{non] lgodfg';f/ k]ZsL km5of{}6 u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -ª_ sd{rf/Lx?sf] gfddf /x]sf] k]ZsL tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq cfjZos lan tyf afFsL /sd a'emfO{ km5of{}6 gu/]df ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] tna eQf nufotsf] h'g;'s} /sdaf6 clu|d ;"rgf lbO{ jf glbO{ s§f u/L c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .
  • 119.
    110 kl/R5]b–# sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf,To;sf] nut, ;+/If0f / a/a'emf/y !$!= sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f M -!_ sfof{nodf /x]sf] gub, a}Í df}Hbft tyf r]s / To;sf] >]:tf ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'vsf] lhDdf /xg]5 . e08f/df /x]sf] dfn;fdfg tyf tt;DaGwL >]:tf e08f/ k|d'vsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . cfosf] nut / To; ;DaGwL cGo sfuhftx? sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] n]vf tk{msf] sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lhDdfdf /x]sf ;DklQsf] lxgfldgf gx'g] u/L nut >]:tf ;lxt To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] st{Jo ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -#_ h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg sd{rf/Ln] h8fg ;DkGg ePsf] tL; lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf h8fg ePsf ;DklQx?sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'n]sf] h8fg k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ bfloTj / lhDdf sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . !$@= dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt, lgsf;f, x:tfGt/0f tyf clGtd df}Hbftsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ sDkgLn] vl/b u/]sf] / cGo >f]taf6 sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt ePsf s'g} klg dfn;fdfgx? e08f/ bflvnf u/fO{ sfof{no k|d'vn] e08f/ k|d'vsf] lhDdf /fVg nufpg' kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] dfn;fdfg xfgL gf]S;fgL gx'g] u/L ;+/If0f ug]{ / ltgLx?sf] ;Def/ ug]{ jf rfn' cj:yfdf /fVg], /fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v tyf e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -#_ sfof{no k|d'vsf] cfb]zfg';f/ dfn;fdfgsf] cfDbfgL / vr{ ul/g]5 . dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt tyf lgsf;Lsf] nut sDkgLn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug]{, To:tf] nut cBfjlws u/L /fVg] / ;f] nut ;'/Iff;fy /fVg] sfd e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -$_ k|fljlws sfddf k|of]udf cfpg] dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd nut tof/ ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{nosf k|fljlw1åf/f hFrfO{ s] s:tf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;fdfgx? k|fKt ePsf] xf] k|dfl0ft u/fO{ ;f] s'/f s}lkmot hgfO{ nut v8f ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ e08f/ zfvfn] /fv]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] k|flKt tyf lgsf;Lsf] nut / n]vf zfvfn] /fv]sf] dfn;fdfg ;DaGwL nut q}dfl;s ?kdf le8fg u/L ;|]:tf cBfjlws /fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'v tyf e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -^_ Ps sfof{noaf6 csf]{ sfof{nodf dfn;fdfg k7fpFbf x:tfGt/0f kmf/fd k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L k7fOg] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No ;d]t x:tfGt/0f kmf/fddf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . cfk'mn] x:tfGt/0f u/L k7fPsf] ;fdfg ;DalGwt
  • 120.
    111 sfof{non] k|fKt u/]gu/]sf] hfFrL bflvnf l/kf]6{ k|fKt u/L lx;fa b'?:t /fVg] lhDd]jf/L ;fdfg k7fpg] sfof{nosf] e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . ;fdfg k|fKt ePsf] ;ft lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf bflvnf l/kf]6{ ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k7fpg] lhDd]jf/L ;fdfg k|fKt ug]{ sfof{nosf] e08f/ k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -&_ dfn;fdfg lgsf;L ubf{ sDkgLsf] :jLs[t n]vf gLltsf] cfwf/df vr{ hgfO{ ;f]xL cfwf/df afFsL df}Hbftsf] d"No sfod ul/g]5 . -*_ vr{df ef/ kf/L sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /xg] u/L lgsf;L ul/Psf] k"FhLut ;fdfgsf] ;fk6L vftf -nf]g /lhi6/_ v8f u/L clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L ;fk6Ldf lbO{Psf] ;fdfg sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 e08f/df lkmtf{ bflvnf ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;fk6L :j?k ;fdfg a'lemlng] sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . cfly{s jif{sf] cGt;Dddf klg sfo{ ;DkGg e}g;s]sf] sf/0f ;fk6L :j?k nluPsf] ;fdfg lkmtf{ a'emfpg g;lsg] cj:yfdf a'lemlng] sd{rf/Ln] ef}lts k/LIf0fsf] nflu vl6Psf] 6f]nLnfO{ b]vfO{ ;fk6L vftf cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L ef}lts k/LIf0f ubf{sf] cj:yfdf ;fk6L :j?k nluPsf] ;fdfg lkmtf{ ga'emfPdf jf ;fk6L vftf cBfjlws gu/fPdf pQm ;fdfg jfktsf] nfUg] d"No ;fk6L :j?k ;fdfg a'lemlng]sf] tna nufot cGo s'g} klg /sdaf6 s§L u/L c;'n ul/g]5 . !$#= dfn;fdfgsf] df}Hbftsf] lg/LIf0f / ljj/0f M -!_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf sfof{no k|d'v cfkm}+n] jf cGo sd{rf/Låf/f To:tf] dfn;fdfg lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L afx]ssf] cGo sd{rf/Låf/f ef}lts k/LIf0f ug{ nufO{ lnlvt ?kdf k|ltj]bg lnO{ /fVg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf] Ps k|lt ;DalGwt If]qLo lgb]{zgfno / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf dfn;fdfgsf] ef}lts df}Hbft, vftfdf b]vfO{Psf] df}Hbft / df}Hbft km/s k/]sf] eP ;f]sf] sf/0f :ki6 v'nfpg'sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx? :ki6 ?kdf v'n]sf] x'g'kg]{5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Def/sf] cj:yf, -v_ dd{t ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfsf dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f, -u_ a]sDdf eO{ lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f, -3_ dfn;fdfg xfgL gf]S;fgL eP gePsf] / eP ;f]sf] sf/0f tyf lhDd]jf/ JolQm, -ª_ lhG;L lstfadf cfDbfgL gafFlwPsf dfn;fdfg eP ;f]sf] kl/df0f tyf ef}lts cj:yf, / -r_ Ps} lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg dWo] ut jif{ pkof]u ePsf] kl/df0f / rfn' cfly{s jif{df vl/b ul/Psf] kl/df0fsf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ / -@_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd lg/LIf0f / ef}lts k/LIf0faf6 b]lvg cfPsf] s}lkmot ;DaGwdf s'g} lx;fa ldnfg ug'{ kg]{ eP clVtof/k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / clVtof/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] klg oyflz3| lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 .
  • 121.
    112 -$_ a]sDdf eO{lnnfd laqmL ug'{kg]{ jf w'Nofpg' kg]{ s'g} dfn;fdfgx? lgoldt ?kdf lnnfd laqmL ug'{ jf w'Nofpg' kg]{5 . -%_ hfgL hfgL sDkgLnfO{ cfjZostfeGbf a9L dfn;fdfg vl/b u/L pkef]u geO{ /x]sf] eP To:tf ;fdfg vl/b ug{ cfb]z lbg] pk/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . !$$= a/a'emf/y ug]{ M -!_ sDkgLsf] gub, dfn;fdfg, nut, >]:tf, kmfO{n sfuhft cflbsf] lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L ;?jf, a9'jf, cjsf; k|fKt u/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] sfof{no 5f]8L hfFbf jf ;f] sfdaf6 cnu x'Fbf a/a'emf/y ug'{ lghsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . a'lem lng] sd{rf/Ln] klg t'?Gt a'lemlng' kg]{5 . cfn6fn u/L ga'emfPdf jf a'lem glnPdf To:tf] sd{rf/L ljefuLo ;hfosf] efuL x'g]5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] s'g} klg sd{rf/Ln] cfk'mn] a'emfpg' kg]{ gubL, dfn;fdfg / sfuhft h] hlt 5 ;a} Dofbleq a'emfpg' kg]{5 / a'emg' kg]{n] klg Dofb leq a'emL lng' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 M– -s_ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf h'g;'s} txsf sd{rf/L ;?jf, a9'jf jf cjsf; k|fKt ubf{ lghn] sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] Dofbleq jf To:tf] Dofb gtf]s]sf] eP PSsfO{; lbgleq a/a'emf/y u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . -v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a/a'emf/y ug{ g;lsPdf ;f] sf] sf/0f vf]nL tfn's sfof{nodf k]z u/L lgsf;f e} cfP adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y x'g g;s]df s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] tf]sL lbPsf] clwsf/Låf/f To;sf] cfjZos hfFra'em u/fpg' kg]{5 . -3_ dfn;fdfgsf] a/a'emf/y ;DaGwdf uGtL jf gfktf}n ug'{ kbf{ ;se/ cfkmgf] sfof{nosf] sd{rf/Lsf] d2taf6 ug{' kg]{5 . -ª_ c:yfoL lgo'lQm ePsf], sfod d'sfod ePsf] jf Hofnfbf/L jf s/f/df ePsf] gftfn] s'g}klg sd{rf/Ln] a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ bfloTjaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg] 5}g . -r_ a/a'emf/ysf] lgldQ xfnjfnf ;dodf pkl:yt x'g gcfPdf sfof{no k|d'v eP ;fljsjfnfn] cfk"meGbf Ps tx d'lgsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 . cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf] xsdf sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 / lgh sd{rf/Ln] klg a'lemlng' kg]{5 . -5_ xfnjfnf xflh/ x'g cfPkl5 a/a'emf/y u/L lng] sd{rf/Laf6 v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb leq a/a'emf/y u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
  • 122.
    113 -$_ pkljlgod -#_adf]lhd a/a'emf/y x'Fbf gub jf dfn;fdfg jf nut >]:tf cflbsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf ePsf] gub, dfn;fdfg jf cfkmgf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] s'g} klg ;fdfg ;fa't bflvnf ug{ g;s]df To:tf] gub jf dfn;fdfg lhDdf lng] JolQm;+u To:tf] gub /sd tyf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No c;'n pk/ u/L lghnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd d"No c;'n pk/ ug'{ kbf{ ;f] dfn;fdfgsf] cj:yf tyf jt{dfg ahf/ d"NonfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L d"No sfod ul/g]5 . o;/L d"No sfod ug]{ sfd ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v / tfn's sfof{nosf] Ps hgf k|ltlglw ;d]t /x]sf] sldl6n] ug]{ 5 . -^_ a/a'emf/y ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vn] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ sfh v6fO{ lbg' kg]{ ePdf lghn] oyflz3| sfh v6fO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -&_ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/L gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz lnO{ ;s]sf] / kQf gnfu]sf] jf d[To' ePsf] jf :jf:Yosf] sf/0faf6 xf]z 7]ufgf gePsf] jf dfgl;s ;Gt'ng gePsf] /x]5 / To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ug'{ kg]{ a/a'emf/y lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:on] ug{ rfx]df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] JolQmsf] /f]xj/df h;n] a'lemlng' kg]{ xf] a'lemlng' kg]{5 . -*_ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf] sd{rf/Ln] a/a'emf/y u/L ;s]kl5 ;fljs sfof{noaf6 lghnfO{ sDkgLn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq lbO{g]5 . -(_ a/a'emf/y ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] pkljlgod -*_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq k]z gu/L lghnfO{ xfnsf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g lbOg] 5}g . To:tf] sd{rf/L axfn 6'6]sf] JolQm eP a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq k]z gu/L lghnfO{ pkbfg jf lgj[QLe/0f nufotsf cGo s'g} klg /sdx? e'QmfgL lbOg] 5}g .
  • 123.
    114 kl/R5]b–$ n]vf, n]vfk/LIf0f /a]?h' km5of{}6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf !$%= lx;fa lstfa M -!_ sDkgLsf] n]vf ;DaGwL lx;fa lstfa g]kfn n]vfdfg (Nepal Accounting Standards), g]kfn ljQLo k|ltj]bg dfkb08 (Nepal Financial Reporting Standards) / sDkgLsf] :jLs[t n]vf gLlt adf]lhd /flvg] 5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] n]vf gLlt ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnLsf] n]vf ;DaGwL s'g} Joj:yf jf n]vf gLlt ;DaGwdf yk :kli6s/0f jf JofVof cfjZos ePdf sDkgLsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] nflu ;ldltn] u/]sf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 . -$_ :jLs[t n]vf gLlt cGtu{t /xL k|aGw lgb]{zsn] n]vf lbUb{zg tof/ u/L nfu' ug]{5 . n]vf lbUbz{g ;DaGwdf yk :ki6Ls/0f jf JofVof cfjZos ePdf k|aGw lgb]{zsn] u/]sf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 . -%_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf If]qLo sfof{noaf6 lgsf;f k|fKt u/L cfo Joo b'j}sf] lx;fa /fvL ;Gt'ng k/LIf0f (Trial Balance) tyf cGo cfly{s ljj/0f ;lxt tfn's sfof{nodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj n]vf sfof{nosf] x'g]5 . -^_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ k|i6 b]lvg] u/L /Lt k'¥ofO{ n]vf tof/ u/L cBfjlws ?kdf /fVg] st{Jo n]vf k|d'vsf] tyf pQ/bfloTj sfof{no k|d'vsf] /xg]5 . -&_ gubL, dfn;fdfgsf] ef}lts k/LIf0f ;d]t u/L sDkgLsf] jflif{s gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa / jf;nft ;fn tdfd ePsf] rf/ dlxgfleq ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !$^= sf/f]af/sf] n]vf /fVg] M -!_ k|To]s n]vf sfof{non] cfkmgf] tyf cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] sf/f]af/x?sf] n]vf o; ljlgodfjnL tyf sDkgLsf] :jLs[t n]vf gLlt adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ sfof{no k|d'vn] n]vf cBfjlws eP gePsf] a/fa/ hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 . cfkmgf] sfof{no cGtu{t cGo sfof{no eP To:tf sfof{nodf cfk}+m uO{ jf n]vf k|d'v v6fO{ lg/LIf0f ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ sfof{nodf /fVg' kg]{ n]vfx? 7Ls b'?:t;+u /fv] g/fv]sf], gubL tyf lhG;L df}Hbft 7Ls eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf tfn's sfof{no, lgb]{zgfno, ljefu tyf s]Gb|Lo n]vf ljefu / cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] cfsl:ds jf ;do, ;dodf hfFr ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L hfFr u/]sf] k|ltj]bg k|aGw lgb]{zs ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df k|aGw lgb]{zsn] gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ dfk{mt o;df ug'{ kg]{ sf/jfxL ljj/0f ;lxt ;f] k|ltj]bg tfn's sfof{no, lgb]{zgfno, ljefu / ;DalGwt sfof{nodf ;ft lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 / ;f] adf]lhd sfof{Gjog ug'{ u/fpg' ;DalGwt sfof{nosf sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .
  • 124.
    115 -%_ n]vf jfn]vf ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ tyf k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf o; ljlgodfjnL jf :jLs[t n]vf gLlt jf n]vf lbUbz{gdf Joj:yf ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / s'g} Joj:yf gePdf b]xfo adf]lhd k]z ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 M– -s_ b}lgs k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f ef]lnkN6, -v_ ;fKtflxs ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f ;f] ;do ;dfKt ePsf] tLg lbgleq, -u_ dfl;s ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f dlxgf e'QmfgL ePsf] ;ft lbgleq, -3_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] n]vf ;DaGwL ljefux?, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu / tfn's sfof{noaf6 dfu]sf] ljj/0f dfu ul/Psf] kqdf pNn]v ePsf] Dofbleq . !$&= cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ ;ldltn] :jLs[t u/]sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f lbUbz{g adf]lhd cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefun] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufj} sDkgLsf] ;a} n]vf sfof{nox?sf] lgoldt ?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf] a]?h' tyf q"6Lx? clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f x'g'eGbf cufl8 g} lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{df lgoldt u/fO{ jf k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{df k|df0f k]z u/L jf c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{df c;'n pk/ u/L n]vf cBfjlws u/fO{ /fVg' ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'vsf] bfloTj x'g]5 . -#_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefun] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf] a]?h' k|ltj]bg Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sfof{no, Ps k|lt ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ lgb]{zgfno jf ljefu tyf Ps k|lt k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf a]?h'df ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] k|ltlqmof tyf sfo{jfxL ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df ;Dk/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f u/L cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefun] rf}dfl;s tyf jflif{s k|ltj]bg k|aGw lgb]{zs dfk{mt ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -%_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fsf] s|ddf n]vf ;DaGwL lx;fa lstfadf b]lvPsf sdL sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;Rrfpg] u/L lx;fa lstfa ;dod} tof/ ug{ ;xof]u ug'{ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfssf] st{Jo x'g]5 . !$*= n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f ;do leq} u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -@_ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] nflu cfjZos >]:tfx? tof/ ug]{ u/fpg], n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}+NofOPsf s}lkmotx?sf] k|ltpQ/ lbg] / n]vfk/LIf0fsf] ;'emfjx? sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .
  • 125.
    116 !$(= cfo ;'lglZrttfsf]k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/fndf sDtLdf Ps k6s cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f (Revenue Assurance Audit) u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f u/fpFbf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ k|0ffnL tyf pks/0fsf] sfo{ z}nL / Ifdtf, ;]jf las|L, dxz'n b/, cGt/cfj4tf, lalnË k|0ffnL, cfo c;'nL tyf a}Í bflvnf, cfo r'xfj6 h:tf ljifox? ;dfj]z x'g] u/L :jtGq k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] hfgsf/L tyf lgb]{zgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt dfkm{t sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !%)= sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/fndf sDtLdf Ps k6s sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f (Performance Audit) u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] sfo{ If]qut ?kdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg cfjZos sfo{If]qx? klxrfg u/L k]z u/]sf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{5 . -#_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0fdf sDkgLsf] ;|f]t ;fwgx?sf] k|efjsf/L, ldtJooL / bIf k|of]u eP gePsf] d"NofÍg ug{ sDkgLsf] sfo{s|d, sfo{ ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL / sfo{ljlwsf ;Dk"0f{ kIfx?sf] :jtGq k/LIf0f u/fOg]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] hfgsf/L tyf lgb]{zgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt dfkm{t sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !%!= k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/fndf sDtLdf Ps k6s k|fljlws k/LIf0f (Technical Audit) u/fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] sfo{If]qut ?kdf k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg cfjZos sfo{If]qx? klxrfg u/L k]z u/]sf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] k|fljlws k/LIf0f u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{5 . -#_ k|fljlws k/LIf0fdf sDkgLsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ pks/0f tyf ;f]sf] pko'Qmtf, ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ k|ljlw, k|0ffnL tyf k|ls|of, k|fljlws lhDd]jf/L tyf pQ/bfloTj, k|fljlws ;"rgf k|0ffnL / k|fljlws hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yfx?sf] sdL sdhf]/L / ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg] If]qx?sf] d"NofÍg ul/g]5 . k|fljlws k/LIf0fdf cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] k|fljlws kIf ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5 . -$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgl/If0f ljefun] hfgsf/L tyf lgb]{zgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt dfkm{t sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
  • 126.
    117 !%@= n]vf g/fVg],k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f jf cGo k/LIf0f gu/fpg]nfO{ sf/jfxL x'g] M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd sDkgLsf] n]vf g/fVg], ;dodf cfly{s ljj/0f÷ k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f gu/fpg] sfof{no k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v tyf cfly{s ljj/0f÷ k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf cGo k/LIf0fx? gu/fpg] jf ug{ ;xof]u gug]{ sfof{no k|d'v, n]vf k|d'v tyf k/LIf0fsf] sfo{If]q;+u ;DalGwt sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . !%#= a]?h' clen]v tyf km5of{}6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf] a]?h'x? cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu tyf ljefu cGtu{t zfvfx?df Pslqt ?kdf nut /fvL ;DalGwt n]vf sfof{nodf klg clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ jf lgoldt ug'{ kg]{ afx]s c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPsf] a]?h'x?sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{sf] cj:yfdf g} n]vfÍg ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{ jf k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{df nuQ}sf] kl5Nnf] n]vfk/LIf0f cjlwleq lgoldt gePdf jf k|df0f k]z gePdf ;f] a]?h' klg c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ dfgL n]vfÍg ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . c;'npk/ ug'{ kg]{ u/L a]?h' sfod ePsf]df #% lbgleq c;'n u/L nut s§f ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ sfof{no k|d'v jf n]vfk|d'v cGoq ;?jf eO{ hfFbf jf cjsfz lnFbf cfkmgf] kfnfsf] cfo Joosf] n]vf, gub, dfn;fdfgsf] cnfjf a]?h'sf] nut ;d]t a'emg] a'emfpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'v jf lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] a]?h' km5of{}6 u/] jf gu/]sf] /]vb]v u/L km5of{}6 gu/]sf] eP k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfxL u/L km5of{}6 u/fpg] clGtd bfloTj k|aGw lgb]{zssf] x'g]5 . !%$= a]?h' km5of{}6, d"Nof°g / cg'udg ;ldlt M -!_ a]?h' km5of{}6, d"NofÍg / cg'udg u/L a]?h' km5of{}6 ;DaGwL sfd sfo{jfxLdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg s]Gb|Lo :t/ / If]qLo :t/df b]xfo adf]lhd a]?h' d"NofÍg / cg'udg ;ldlt u7g ul/g] 5 M–
  • 127.
    118 -s_ s]Gb|Lo:t/ M k|aGwlgb]{zs –cWoIf gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cy{_ –;b:o ;DalGwt gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs –;b:o gfoa k|aGw lgb]{zs -cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu_ –;b:o k|aGws -cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f ljefu_ –;b:o ;lrj -v_ If]qLo :t/ M If]qLo lgb]{zs –cWoIf If]qLo n]vf k|d'v –;b:o If]qLo k|fljlws zfvf k|d'v –;b:o If]qLo cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lg/LIf0f zfvf k|d'v –;b:o ;lrj -@_ If]qLo ;ldltn] s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] ;ldltdf / s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] ;ldltn] ;~rfns ;ldltdf rf}dfl;s ?kdf a]?h' km5of{}6, d"NofÍg tyf cg'udg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !%%= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt M -!_ sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng jf Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg g/x]sf] ;~rfnssf] cWoIftfdf sDtLdf tLg ;b:oLo n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ /x]sf] s'g} JolQm pkljlgod -!_ cg';f/ ul7t n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] ;b:o x'g ;Sg] 5}g . -#_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sDtLdf Ps hgf ;b:o n]vf ;DaGwL Jofj;flos k|df0fkq k|fKt cg'ejL JolQm jf n]vf, jfl0fHo, Joj:yfkg, ljQ jf cy{zf:qdf sDtLdf :gftssf] pkflw k|fKt u/L n]vf tyf ljQLo If]qdf cg'ej k|fKt JolQm x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] 5f]6s/L ljj/0f, n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] s'g} ;'emfj lbPsf] eP To:tf ;'emfjx? sfof{Gjog ug{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cjnDag u/]sf] sfo{gLlt, n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] s'g} eQf jf ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] eP ;f] s'/f n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] gfd ;d]t sDkgLn] tof/ ug'{ kg]{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -%_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] s'g} klg ljifodf ;f]wk'5 ug{ sDkgLsf] k|aGw ;~rfns, sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngdf ;+nUg cGo ;~rfns, n]vfk/LIfs, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfs tyf n]vf k|d'vnfO{ ;"rgf lbO{ a}7sdf af]nfpg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] ;"rgf ePdf ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g' lghx?sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
  • 128.
    119 -^_ sDkgLsf] n]vftyf ljQLo Joj:yfsf] af/]df n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] lbPsf] ;'emfjnfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 / s'g} ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ug{ g;lsg] eP To;sf] sf/0f ;d]t ;~rfns ;ldltn] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . -&_ sDkgLn] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L cg';f/sf] sfo{ ug{ kof{Kt ;fwg tyf ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg' kg]{5 / n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] cfkmgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ljlw cfkm}+ lgoldt ug]{5 . -*_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] cWoIf sDkgLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 . -(_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ a:g]5 . !%^= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M ljlgod !%% sf] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ul7t n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf ljQLo ljj/0fx? (Financial Statements) sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ / To:tf ljj/0fx?df plNnlvt tYosf] ;Totf olsg ug]{, -v_ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s ljQLo lgoGq0f k|0ffnL (Internal Financial Control System), cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL (Internal Control System) tyf hf]lvd Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL (Risk Management System) sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{, -u_ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfo{sf] ;'k/Lj]If0f tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{, -3_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu ;Defljt n]vfk/LIfsx?sf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ / lghsf] kfl/>lds tyf lgo'lQmsf zt{x? lgwf{/0f u/L cg'df]bgsf] nflu ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug]{, -ª_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfsn] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ kfngf ug'{kg]{ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cfr/0f, dfkb08 tyf lgb]{lzsf kfng u/] jf gu/]sf] s'/fsf] /]vb]v tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{, -r_ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] tof/ u/]sf] cfr/0f, dfkb08 tyf lgb]{lzsfsf] cfwf/df n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm tyf 5gf}6sf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ gLlt to ug]{, -5_ sDkgLsf] n]vf ;DaGwL gLlt tof/ u/L nfu" ug]{ u/fpg], -h_ s'g} lgodgsf/L lgsfon] sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ ljj/0fsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ljj/0f tof/ ug{ cfjZos zt{x? k"/f ug]{,
  • 129.
    120 -em_ sDkgLsf] n]vf,ljQLo Joj:yf tyf n]vfk/LIf0fsf] ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf] cGo sfo{ ug]{, -`_ sDkgLdf cfo ;'lglZrttfsf] k/LIf0f, sfo{ ;Dkfbg k/LIf0f tyf k|fljlws k/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{ / ;f] k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgx? k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ .
  • 130.
    121 kl/R5]b–% st{Jo tyf pQ/bfloTj !%&=sfof{no k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj M -!_ cfk'mn] lhDdf lnPsf] cfo tyf Joosf] ljj/0f / To;sf] lx;fa lstfa /fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -@_ sfof{nodf lgsf;f k|fKt /sd s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] tf]s]sf] a}Ídf sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t / n]vf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTjdf ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng x'g] u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . -#_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s'g} sfdsf] nflu :jLs[t ah]6 vr{ ubf{ ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu ah]6 /sd pknAw eP gePsf], pQm sfd ljlgod adf]lhd eP gePsf] x]g'{ kg]{5 / e'QmfgL lbg'eGbf cufl8 /Lt k'u] gk'u]sf] hfFr ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] /l;b, lan e/kfO{x?df lghn] jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] b:tvt u/L k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ sfof{no k|d'vn] cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfkmgf] dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx? pk/ /]vb]v k'¥ofO{ gub jf dfn;fdfgdf s'g} lsl;dsf] lxgfldgf, xflg gf]S;flg jf nfk/jfxL x'g gkfpg] u/L sDkgLsf] gub jf dfn;fdfg ;'/lIft /fVg plrt k|aGw ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . cfk'mn] ug'{kg]{ sfd cfkm" d'lgsf sd{rf/Låf/f u/fPdf lgh k|d'vsf] klg pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 . -%_ sDkgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ gub, dfn;fdfg, ;DklQ tyf cGo sf/f]af/sf] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f k|To]s jif{ lgwf{l/t ;doleq u/fpg' kg]{5 . clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufj} cfkmgf] sfof{no / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h'x?sf] nut v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L sfod ePsf a]h'?x? o;} ljlgod adf]lhd c;'n km5of{}6 jf lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . -^_ ;]jf ;~rfng tyf cGo >f]taf6 sfof{nodf bflvnf x'g cfPsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ /sdsf] b}lgs tyf dfl;s ljj/0f tof/ u/L :ki6 lx;fa b]lvg] u/L n]vf /fVg] Joj:yf sfof{no k|d'vn] ldnfpg' kg]{5 . -&_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sfof{no k|d'vn] cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ n]vf k|d'v;+u k/fdz{ ug'{ kg]{5 . !%*= n]vf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj M -!_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'vsf] aLrdf dte]b ePdf sfof{no k|d'vsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ n]vf k|d'vn] ug'{kg]{ egL o; ljlgodfjnLdf cGoq n]lvPsf] sfd, st{Josf cltl/Qm n]vf k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf pQ/bfloTj b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
  • 131.
    122 -s_ sfof{no k|d'vn];'Dk]sf cfly{s sf/f]af/;+u ;DalGwt sfd / pQ/bfloTj axg u/L o; ljlgod adf]lhd lgsf;f dfusf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] . -v_ lgsf;f ePsf] /sdsf] vr{sf] lx;fa lstfa /Ltk"j{s /fVg] / vr{sf] kmfF6jf/L tyf cfly{s ljj/0f ;dod} tof/ ug]{ u/fpg] . -u_ sDkgLn] k|fKt ug'{kg]{ tyf k|fKt u/]sf] cfo tyf e'QmfgLsf] ;dod} n]vfÍg u/L n]vf cBfjlws /fVg] . -3_ dfn;fdfg / l:y/ ;DklQsf] n]vfÍg u/L cfly{s ljj/0fdf ;dfj]z ug]{ . -ª_ k|To]s jif{ lgwf{l/t ;doleq cfkmgf] sfof{no / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] / ;f]af6 sfod x'g cfPsf] a]?h'sf] nut /fVg] tyf a]?h' km5of{}6 jf lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg] . -r_ clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufj} cfkmgf] sfof{no / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ ;f]af6 b]lvPsf a]?h'x?sf] nut /fVg], ljlgod adf]lhd c;'n km5of{}6 jf lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg] . -5_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ o; ljlgod adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'u] gk'u]sf] hfFrL /fo lbg] / /Lt gk'u]sf]df ;f] s'/f :ki6 n]vL sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf /fo k]z ug]{ . -h_ cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 tof/ ug{ cfjZos ljj/0f ;+sng u/L k|To]s jif{ tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cg'dflgt ah]6 ljj/0f tfn's sfof{no dfk{mt s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k]z ug]{ . -em_ sd{rf/L k]ZsL lgoldt ?kdf c;'n u/L km5of{}6 ug]{ u/fpg] . -`_ sDkgLsf u|fxsx?n] ;]jf k|of]u u/] jfkt lgwf{l/t ;dodf dx;"n e'QmfgL u/] gu/]sf] hfFrL e'QmfgL gu/]sf] eP ;"rgf lbO{ ;]jf aGb u/L c;'n ug]{ u/fpg] . -6_ sDkgLn] k|fKt u/]sf] gubsf] lx;fa l7s eP gePsf] tyf ;+slnt /sd ;dod} a}Í bflvnf u/] gu/]sf] hfFr u/L lgoGq0f ug]{ u/fpg] .
  • 132.
    123 kl/R5]b–^ ljljw !%(= lnnfd ug{]tyf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf M -!_ k'/fgf] eO{ sfddf cfpg g;Sg] jf 6'6k'm6 eO{ a]sDdf ePsf, k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] sf/0f k|of]udf /fvL /fVg pko'Qm geO{ w'Nofpg' kg{], ckn]vg ug{' kg{] jf lnnfd laqmL ug{' kg{] egL sfof{no k|d'vn] 7x/fPsf dfn;fdfgx¿sf] ;"rL agfO{ cg'dflgt /sd sfod u/L clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{' kg{]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd w'Nofpg' kg{], lj:yflkt tyf ckn]vg ug{'kg{] jf lnnfd laqmL ug{'kg{] dfn;fdfgsf] ;"rL tof/ ubf{ jf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No sfod ubf{ dfn;fdfgsf] pkof]lutf, ;]jf, cfo', x|f;s§L, cjz]if d"No / ahf/ d"No ;d]t ljrf/ ug{'kg{] 5 . -#_ sfof{no k|d'vn] lj:yflkt ug{'kg]{, w'Nofpg' kg{] jf lnnfd laqmL ug{'kg{] egL 7x/ u/L k]z u/]sf] dfn;fdfgx¿sf] hfFra'em, 5fgljg Pj+ d"NofÍg u/L lnnfd laqmL jf w'Nofpg] l;kmfl/; ug{ s]Gb|Lo / If]qLo :t/df 5fgljg Pj+ d"NofÍg ;ldlt u7g ug{' kg{]5 . o:tf] ;ldltdf ;DalGwt k|fljlw1, cfly{s k|zf;g k|ltlglw, ;DalGwt e08f/ k|d'v / ;DalGwt sfof{no jf ljefusf] k|ltlglw;d]t x'g'kg{] 5 . ;f] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lnnfd ug{ jf w'Nofpg ;Sg]5 . -$_ lnnfd laqmL ug{'kg{] jf w'Nofpg' kg]{ dfn;fdfg ePsf sfof{nox?n] sDtLdf jif{sf] Ps k6s lnnfd laqmL jf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg{]5 . -%_ lnnfd laqmL ug{] jf w'Nofpg] dfn;fdfgsf] n]vfdf sfod /x]sf] d"No ckn]vg u/L dfq lnnfd laqmL ug{] jf w'Nofpg] sfd ug'{kg]{5 . -^_ lnnfd laqmL ug{] egL lg0f{o ePsf ;fdfgx¿sf] af]n saf]nåf/f lnnfd laqmL ug{sf] nflu sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;d]t v'nfO{ /fli6«o :t/sf] klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sflzt ug{' kg{]5 M– -s_ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f, -v_ dfn;fdfgsf] Go"gtd d"No, -u_ lnnfd a9fa9 x'g] :yfg, ;do / ldlt, -3_ Go"gtd d"Noaf6 g} a9fa9 z'? x'g] s'/f, -ª_ cnu cnu jf Psd'i6 a9fa9 ug{] jf gug{], -r_ lnnfd ;sf/ ug{ af]lnPsf] cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] gub t'?Gt w/f}6L /fVg' kg{] s'/f, -5_ lnnfd ;sf/]sf] dfn;fdfg p7fO{ n}hfg'kg{] cjlw, -h_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ . -&_ af]nkqaf6 lnnfd laqmL ug{ dgfl;a b]lvPdf dfn;fdfg x]g{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ pkljlgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb lbO{ af]nkq dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .
  • 133.
    124 o;/L af]nkq cfXjfgul/Psf]df af]n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] a}Í hdfgt jf gub w/f}6L af]nkq ;fy /fVg' kg{]5 . -*_ lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg ;DalGwt sfof{non] tf]s]sf] cjlw leq saf]n u/]sf] k"/f /sd a'emfO{ gp7fPdf /flvPsf] w/f}6L hkmt u/L k"gM lnnfd ug{ ;lsg]5 . -(_ lnnfd a9fa9 ubf{ klg Go"gtd d"No saf]n gu/]df pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 k"gM d"NofÍg u/fO{ lnnfd a9fa9 u/fpg' kg{]5 . o;/L k"gM d"NofÍg u/]sf] d"Nodf klg lnnfd a9fa9 x'g g;s]df 5fglag Pj+ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] cGo k|lqmofåf/f lnnfd laqmL jf w'Nofpg] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -!)_ pkljlgod -^_ / -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg lnnfd las|L ug]{ jf w'Nofpg] dfn;fdfg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] s'g} ;+:yfn] lng rfx]df pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -%_ sf] clwgdf /xL ;f]em} lnnfd las|L ug{ ;lsg]5 . -!!_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf] nflu p7fOPsf tyf k|fKt ePsf sfuhftx¿ sfd tfd]n eO;s]kl5 sDkgLsf] s'g} xfgL gf]S;fgL gx'g] b]vL w'Nofpg plrt 7x¥ofOPdf w'NofO{g] sfuhftsf] ljifo / 5f]6s/L Joxf]/fsf] clen]vdf /fvL sfof{no k|d'vn] b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfO{ w'Nofpg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 M– -s_ sfd tfd]n ePsf] Ps jif{kl5 w'Nofpg ;lsg] sfuhft M– -c_ b}lgs, dfl;s, cw{ jflif{s k|ltj]bgx¿ . -cf_ lnlvt k/LIffsf] pQ/ k'l:tsf . -O_ dfOGo"6 lstfa / k|:tfj afx]s a}7s a:g] ;DaGwL sfuhft . -O{_ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ljbfsf] lgj]bg, ;fk6L, ls:tfaGbL, b}lgs eQf, e|d0f eQf / lghx¿nfO{ ;Dd]ng, cWoog tflnd cflbdf k7fPsf] ;DaGwL sfuhft n]vfk/LIf0f ug{' kg{] eP clGtd km/kmf/s ePkl5 . -v_ gS;f / l8hfOg ;DaGwL tYofÍ afx]s s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DaGwL of]hgf, ;Demf}tf, vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft tyf cGo n]vf ;DaGwL sfuhftx? n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg{] eP u/fO{ clGtd km/kmf/s eO{ sfd tfd]n ePsf] tLg jif{ kl5 w'Nofpg ;lsg]5 . -u_ sfd tfd]n ePsf] kfFr jif{kl5 w'Nofpg] sfuhft M– -c_ xflh/L, ljbfsf] clen]v /fvL sd{rf/Lsf] xflh/ kmf/fd, -cf_ s'g} of]hgf jf sDkgLsf] k|ult k|ltj]bg, -O_ ;fwf/0f hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cfPsf kl/kq, af]wfy{ kq, -O{_ sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"NofÍg kmf/fd ;DalGwt sd{rf/L a9'jf eP jf ;]jf lgj[Q ePdf . -3_ slxNo} gw'Nofpg] sfuhft M–
  • 134.
    125 -c_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd k|dfl0fs/0f ePsf jf nfndf]x/ nfu]sf sfuhft, -cf_ rn jf crn ;DklQsf xsb}of bzf{pg] sfuhft, gfkL gS;fsf] sfuhft, -O_ sd{rf/Lsf] l;6/f]n, -O{_ jflif{s k|ltj]bg / jf;nft, -p_ sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL ljj/0f, -pm_ sDkgL jfbL jf k|ltjfbL ePsf] d'2fdf jf sDkgLnfO{ ;/f]sf/ ePsf] d'2fdf clwsf/ k|fKt sfof{no jf sfof{no k|d'vn] plrt ;De]msf sfuhftx¿, -P_ ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6, / -P]_ sDkgLn] ;~rfng u/]sf ;a} lsl;dsf] 6]lnkmf]g jf ;"rgf ;]jfsf] 8«OË, l8hfOg, ;ˆ6j]o/sf] l8hfO{g ;DaGwL clen]v . -ª_ sfuhft w'NofpFbf ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] k|zf;g, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf k|fljlws tk{msf Ps Ps hgf k|ltlglwx¿sf] /f]xj/df To:tf] sfuhft w'Nofpg' kg{]5 . -r_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd w'NofOPsf sfuhftx¿ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] s'g} ;+:yf jf JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . !^)= ldGxf lbg] Joj:yf M -!_ s'g} dfn;fdfg Ps 7fpFaf6 csf{] 7fpFdf cf];f/ k;f/ ubf{ xfgL gf]S;fgL eO{ cfPdf jf gk'u eO{ k|fKt x'g cfPdf cj:yf / cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ldGxf u/L nut s§f ug{ ;lsg] 5 . -@_ d[To' ePsf sd{rf/L;Fu c;'n pk/ ug{' kg{] h'g;'s} /sd sndx¿ ldGxf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -#_ l8d/]h jf hl/jfgf lt/]sf] ;DaGwdf cf}lrTo / d'gfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0fsf] cfwf/df ldGxf ug{ ;lsg] 5 . -$_ sfof{nosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ;fjwfgL ckgfpFbf ckgfpFb} klg s'g} ;fdfg x/fpg uPdf jf 6'6k'm6 x'g uPdf cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ldGxf ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/, sd{rf/Lsf] nfk/jflxaf6 s'g} ;fdfg 6'6k'm6 jf x/fpg uPdf ;DalGwt sd{rf/Laf6 c;'n pk/ ug{'kg{] 5 . -%_ sDkgLn] ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf]df q'6Lk"0f{ lan ePsf] sf/0faf6 cf;fdL nut sfod x'g cfPsf]df ldGxf ug{ ;lsg]5 . -^_ cf;fdL c;'n pk/ ug{]tk{m sf/jfxL ubf{ cf;fdL c;'n pk/ x'g g;Sg] cj:yf kg{ uPdf cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ldGxf ug{ ;Sg]5 . lj36g ePsf sf/0f jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] cl:tTjdf g/x]sf ;+:yf;+u c;'nL x'g g;s]sf cf;fdLsf] k'/} /sd ldGxf ul/g] 5 .
  • 135.
    126 t/, hflghflg sd{rf/Lsf]nfk/jfxLaf6 xfgL gf]S;fgL ePdf ldGxf ul/g] 5}g . !^!= cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL clwsf/ M -!_ k|aGw lgb]{zssf] clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_ lnnfd laqmL ug]{ dfn;fdfgsf] d"NoflÍt d"No krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] :jLs[t ug{] . -v_ ljlgod !^) sf] pkljlgod -!_ / -$_ sf] xsdf Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] :jLs[t ug{] . -u_ ljlgod !^) sf] pkljlgod -%_ sf] xsdf q'6Lk"0f{ lan ePsf]df k'/} /sd / cGo ljjfbf:kb lansf] xsdf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd ldGxf ug{] . -3_ ljlgod !^) sf] pkljlgod -@_, -#_ / -^_ sf] xsdf k'/} /sd ldGxf ug{] . -ª_ sDkgLsf] s'g} cf}krfl/s ;df/f]x jf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ug{' kbf{ Ps k6sdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd, sDkgLsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf cltly ;Tsf/ ug{' k/]df Ps k6sdf Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd / e}k/L cfpg] vr{sf] xsdf sDkgLsf] lxtdf vr{ ug{ cfjZos ePdf Ps k6sdf kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd vr{ ug{] . -r_ ;Demf}tf adf]lhd lnPsf C0f /sdsf] ltg{' kg{] ;fFjf tyf Aofh :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lw leq /xL hlt;'s} /sd klg e'QmfgL ug{] . -5_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} JolQm jf JolQmsf] ;DklQ xfgL gf]S;fgL eO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbg'kg{] ePdf 5fgljg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df Ps k6sdf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd :jLs[t ug{] . -@_ ljlgod !@( sf] ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ clwsf/ afx]s ;ldltn] cfkmgf] clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsnfO{ / k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ cfjZostf cg';f/ cfk'm d'lgsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . !^@= sldl6 u7g ug]{ tyf ;+of]hs tf]Sg] M -!_ sDkgLsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] l;nl;nfdf cfjZos kg]{ cWoog, d"NofÍg, k/LIf0f tyf cGo sfo{x? ug{ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] sldl6 jf sfo{bn u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . of] clwsf/ k|aGw lgb]{zsn] cfk'm d'lgsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sldl6 jf sfo{bnnfO{ ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f ul/lbP adf]lhdsf] cfly{s ;'ljwf lbOg]5 . -#_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt, sldl6 tyf sfo{bndf ;+of]hssf] Joj:yf gul/Psf] cj:yfdf ;f] pk;ldlt, sldl6 tyf sfo{bnsf ;b:ox? dWo] k|aGw lgb]{zsn] jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf] JolQmn] ;+of]hssf] ?kdf sfo{ ug'{kg]{5 .
  • 136.
    127 !^#= ;ldltsf] :jLs[ltk|fKt ug{' kg{] M sDkgLn] ;ldltsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{ b]xfosf sfd ug{ x'Fb}g M– -s_ sDkgLsf] ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/LnfO{ ;fk6L lb+bfsf] cj:yfdf afx]s bz jif{eGbf a9L ;dosf] nflu s'g} 3/ hUuf lwtf] lng jf lbg, -v_ ljlgod !%( df pNn]v eP adf]lhd lnnfd las|L ug'{kg]{ egL klxrfg ePsf dfn;fdfg afx]s sDkgLsf] s'g} ;DklQ jf clwsf/ jf ;'ljwf a]r lavg jf gfd;f/L ug{ . -u_ C0f lng, lbg jf hdfgt lbg . !^$= clu|d cfos/ sl§ gu/]sf]df hjfkmb]xL M sDkgLn] s'g} klg e'QmfgL lbFbf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clu|d s/ sl§ ug{'kg{]df sl§ gu/L e'QmfgL lbPdf n]vf k|d'v hjfkmb]lx x'g]5 . !^%= ;jf/L nua's M sDkgLdf /x]sf ;a} ;jf/Lx¿sf] nua's ;DalGwt sfof{non] /fVg nufpg' kg{]5 . !^^= dfu kmf/fd M sDkgLsf] sfof{nosf] ljleGg kmfF6nfO{ rflxg] ;fdfgx¿ dfu kmf/fd e/L k|fKt ug{' kg{]5 . o:tf] dfu kmf/fd :jLs[t ug{] clwsf/ sfof{no k|d'vn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . !^&= cGo cfly{s Joj:yf M -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf :ki6 pNn]v gePsf] ljifodf sDkgLsf] lxtsf] nflu ljz]if Joj:yf u/L sfo{ u/fpg] clwsf/ ;ldltnfO{ x'g]5 . -@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf gk/]sf cGo cfly{s Joj:yf ;DaGwL s'/fx¿ ;ldltdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ug{' kg{]5 . -#_ ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf cfjZostfg';f/ n]vfgLlt, sfo{ljlw / lgb{]lzsfx¿ agfpg ;Sg]5 . !^*= vf/]hL tyf arfp M -!_ g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8, cfly{s ljlgodfjnL @)^! vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 . -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd eP u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxL o;} ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .