The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (RA 9003) aims to reduce solid waste in the Philippines through source reduction, proper waste management, and adopting sustainable practices like recycling and composting. It emphasizes the roles of local governments and communities in solid waste management. Offenses under the act can be punished with fines and imprisonment depending on their classification as minor, grave, or major. The act is part of the Philippines' efforts to legislate environmental protection along with other laws governing pollution, toxic substances, and water quality management.

1. NSTP2
Environment Protection and Management
What is the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of • The said act gives strong emphasis on the role of
2000 (RA 9003)? municipal and local government units (LGUs)
providing for the creation of Solid Waste
• This law aims for the reduction of solid waste Management Communities up to the barangay
through source reduction and waste minimization level. This requires the participation of
measures, treatment and disposal of solid waste in nongovernment offices, people’s organizations,
accordance with ecologically sustainable church leaders, schools, businesses and community
development principles. (Sec. 2-C) organizations.
• It also aims to ensure the proper segregation, Offenses under RA 9003
collection, transport, storage, treatment and
disposal of solid waste through the formulation and • Minor Offense
adoption of the best environmental practice in
ecological waste management • Grave Offense
excludingincineration.
Punishable by any/all of the following:
• RA 9003 considers “waste as a resource that can be
• Fine: 1,000 – 3,000 pesos
recovered”, emphasizing on recycling, reuse and
composting as methods to minimize waste • Imprisonment: 15 days – 6 months
problems.
• Major Offense
The three R’s of RA 9003
Punishable by any/all of the following:
• Reduce
• Fine: 5,000 – 200,000 pesos
• Recover
• Imprisonment: 1 – 6 years
• Recycle
Types of Waste According to Source
Examples of Philippine Environmental Laws
• Household or Domestic Waste
Commonwealth Act No. 383 (Anti-Dumping Law)
• Commercial or Industrial Waste
• Effective September 5, 1938
Types of Waste According to Classification
• Prohibits the dumping into rivers of refuse waste
• Residual– waste with no commercial value meant matter or substance of any kind.
for disposal
• Punishment of imprisonment of not more than six
• Recycle - waste that can be reused months or by a fine of not more than P200 or both.
• Biodegradable – waste that can be decomposed by Presidential Decree 825
organisms
• Effective November 7, 1975
• Hazardous– waste that may cause or contribute to
mortality or illness • Penalizes improper disposal of garbage and other
forms of being dirty. Violators may be imprisoned
• Toxic– waste that may cause immediate death or for not less than five days or more than a year or
body damage. pay a fine or not less that P100 or more than
P2,000 or both.
Provisions of RA 9003

2. Republic Act 6969 (Toxic Substances And Hazardous And Presidential Degree 984 (Pollution Control Law)
Nuclear Waste Control Act)
• The implementation is specified in DENR
• Effective 1990 Administrative Order 24 (series of 1990) for water
usage and water quality criteria and DENR
• Mandates the control and management of the Administrative Order 35 (series of 1990) on
import, manufacture, processing, distribution, use, effluent regulations
transport, treatment and disposal of toxic
substances and hazardous and nuclear wastes in • Penalty will be P5,000/day but higher for juridical
the country. positions who violated this act.
Republic Act 7160 (Local Government Code) Republic Act 9275 (The Clean Water Act of 2002)
• Effective 1991 • This shall institute a policy of sustainable
development and a holistic national water quality
• Mandates local government units to exercise management program of fresh, brackish and
powers, functions and responsibilities in providing marine resources
basic services and facilities related to general
hygiene, sanitation, beautification and solid waste • Penalty is not less than 10,000-200,000/everyday
collection, transport and disposal. violation with 10% increase per year.
The “5S” Philosophy | The Art of Good Housekeeping
The “5S” Philosophy Value Stream Map - A diagram of all processes needed to
make and deliver the product to the customer.
Based on Japanese words that begin with S, the 5S
Philosophy focuses on effective work place organization OTHER PROBLEM SOLVING TOOLS
and standardized work procedures. 5S simplifies your work
environment, reduces waste and non-value activity while TOC-Short for Theory of Constraints.Problem solving and
improving quality efficiency and safety. constraint management methods. Use the 5 Step form of
TOC to solve problems that you will encounter in your
Some New Words continuous improvement efforts.
Red Tag-Process for tagging, removing and disposing of Sort – (Seiri)
items not needed in the work area.
Lean Manufacturing-concepts that seek continuous The first S focuses on eliminating unnecessary items from
improvement by removing waste in the workplace.
processes
An effective visual method to identify these unneeded items
Some Japanese words you need to know: is called red tagging. A red tag is placed on all items not
Kaizen-(pronounced “kizen”) - improvement required to complete your job. These items are then moved
to a central holding area. This process is for evaluation of
Kaizen Event and 5S Event-Planned improvements to a the red tag items. Occasionally used items are moved to a
more organized storage location outside of the work area
specific area or process (usually take 3 to 5 days). while unneeded items are discarded.
5S Events focus on making 5S improvements. Sorting frees up valuable floor space and eliminates such
things as broken tools, obsolete jigs and fixtures, scrap and
Muda-(pronounced “moo da”) - waste
excess raw material.
Gemba-(pronounced “gimba”) - workplace
The Sort process also helps prevent the ‘hoarder’ job
Kanban-(pronounced “kon bon”) - Pull type inventory mentality (“I might need it”).
control system. Items are only produced to meet customer
Set in Order – (Seiton)
needs. The request to produce more is signaled from an
upstream operation and/or customer orders. The second S focuses on efficient and effective storage
methods.

3. You must ask yourself these questions: • Inefficient machine processing and/or operation
1. What do I need to do my job? • Producing defects
2. Where should I locate this item? • Part or line changeover or machine setup
3. How many do I need? • Inadequate housekeeping
Shine – (Seiso) • Miscommunication or inadequate instruction
Once you have eliminated the clutter and junk that has been Improvement (Kaizen) Principles
clogging your work areas and identified and located the
necessary items, the next step is to thoroughly clean the • Get rid of all old (false) assumptions.
work area. Daily follow-up cleaning is necessary in order to Don't look for excuses, look for ways to make it
sustain this improvement. Workers take pride in a clean happen.
and clutter-free work area and the Shine step will help
• Don't worry about being perfect - even if you only
create ownership in the equipment and facility.
get it half right “start NOW”! (but FINISH it)
Workers will also begin to notice changes in equipment and
• It does not cost money to do KAIZEN.
facility location such as air, oil and coolant leaks, repeat
contamination and vibration, broken, fatigue, breakage, and • If something is wrong “Fix it NOW”.
misalignment. These changes, if left unattended, could lead Good ideas flow when the going gets tough.
to equipment failure and loss of production. Both add up to
impact your company’s bottom line. • Ask "WHY" five times - get to the root cause.
Standardize – (Seiketsu) • Look for wisdom from Ten people rather than one.
Once the first three of the 5S’s have been implemented, you • Never stop doing KAIZEN.
should concentrate on standardizing best practice in your
work area. Allow your employees to participate in the The “5S” Philosophy
development and documentation of such standards. They
Once fully implemented, the 5S process can increase moral,
are a valuable but often overlooked source of information
create positive impressions on customers, and increase
regarding their work.
efficiency and organization.
Sustain – (Shitsuke)
Not only will employees feel better about where they work,
This is by far the most difficult S to implement and achieve. the effect on continuous improvement can lead to less
waste, better quality and shorter lead times. Any of which
Human nature is to resist change and more than a few will make your organization more profitable and
organizations have found themselves with a dirty cluttered competitive in the market place
shop a few months following their attempt to implement 5S.
The tendency is to return to the status quo and the comfort
zone of the "old way" of doing things.
Sustain focuses on defining a new status quo and standard
of work place organization.
What is Waste (Muda)?
Some of the main forms of waste are:
• Overproduction
• Waiting for materials, machines, or instruction
• Transportation or movement
• Excessive inventory